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INGLES BOOKLET INFORMATICA 4to 7ma EEST N 5 1 DOCENTE: EDGARDO S BERG - Consultas por http://piamdq.weebly.com/ BOOKLET INGLES AÑO: 4to 7ma INFORMATICA DOCENTES: BERG, EDGARDO y HELENA, ZUNILDA AÑO. 2016

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BOOKLET INGLES

AÑO: 4to 7ma

INFORMATICA

DOCENTES: BERG, EDGARDO y HELENA,

ZUNILDA

AÑO. 2016

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EEST 5 - Contrato Pedagógico - INGLES

Contenidos: a) El alumno contará con un Programa de la asignatura a fin de conocer en detalle y orden lo que se desarrollará en el año. b) El profesor desarrollará el contenido de cada tema/unidad mediante explicación escrita y oral que el alumno registrará en su carpeta. Ejercitación: Todas las clases el profesor asignará tareas que el alumno desarrollará durante la clase o deberá traer resueltas para la clase siguiente, las cuales se revisarán y consultarán dudas. El alumno que esté ausente en una clase deberá solicitar las tareas a sus compañeros. Se realizarán TPs de acuerdo al nivel y especialidad. Material obligatorio: El alumno deberá contar con un diccionario bilingüe avanzado, módulo y/o fotocopias solicitadas en tiempo y forma; carpeta con notas, listados, cuadros sinópticos y una cartuchera con lo necesario para desarrollar las actividades. La carpeta debe estar al día cada vez que sea requerida, aun cuando el alumno haya estado ausente en alguna clase. La notebook es un recurso que utilizaremos para realizar tareas, deberá estar en condiciones y con la batería cargada. Evaluación y criterios: a) La evaluación de diagnóstico será conceptual. Se evaluarán los conocimientos previos, comprensión de consignas y manejo de diccionario bilingüe. b) La evaluación de proceso es diaria. Incluye:

Responsabilidad: El alumno debe realizar la tarea asignada en tiempo y forma. Cumplimiento El alumno debe asistir con el material necesario para trabajar. Habilidad adquirida en el manejo del diccionario bilingüe, cuadros, listados,

vocabulario y otros recursos de apoyo utilizados. Autocorrección de la ejercitación hecha en el pizarrón.

Disposición y desempeño para el trabajo individual y/o grupal. Respeto por las normas de convivencia de la escuela. Colaborar para mantener

el lugar limpio y ordenado. NO se permite el uso de MP3 y teléfonos celulares en el aula. La falta de cumplimiento será sancionada severamente.

Participación ordenada, responsable y respetuosa, individual o con sus pares en tareas de producción oral (lectura, pronunciación, diálogos, formular y responder preguntas, debates) y/o escrita (escritura de textos breves cartas, emails, CV) dependiendo del nivel y especialidad.

c) Evaluación trimestral e integradora: Se tomará una evaluación escrita individual por trimestre para evaluar comprensión lectora, producción escrita y el proceso de aprendizaje y una evaluación integradora al final del año para evaluar contenidos dados en el año. El docente registrará en el Cuaderno de calificaciones todo progreso o dificultad del alumno y el resultado de las evaluaciones. La familia debe comprometerse a firmar el cuaderno en tiempo y forma, y acercarse a la escuela ante cualquier duda. ………..………………………. ……………………..……….…… Firma del padre/madre/ tutor Firma del alumno …………………………………. Firma del docente

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E.E.S.T. Nº5 Asignatura: Inglés Curso: 4to 7a - 4to Especialidad: Informatica Prof: Berg Edgardo; Helena, Zunilda Ciclo lectivo: 2016

PROGRAMA

Diagnóstico: Revisión de comparativos y superlativos, pasado simple y continuo, verbos modales.

Verbos copulativos: get, become, grow. Afijación.

Manejo del diccionario bilingüe.

UNIDAD 1:

Usos especiales de las formas comparativas y superlativas. Proporcionalidad.

Presente Perfecto para expresar experiencias y resultados. Indicadores de tiempo utilizados con Presente Perfecto:since, for, just, already, yet, never, ever.

Contraste entre Presente Perfecto y Pasado Simple.

To infinitive. Gerundios y participios. Casos.

Participio Presente versus Participio Pasado.

Relaciones de Contraste u Oposición: but, however, although / though

Pronombres Relativos.

Some, any, no, every y sus derivados.

Expresiones de tiempo: once, when, while, as, as soon as, as long as, before, after……

Expresiones de causa-efecto: because, since, as, due to, because of, therefore, thus… Expresiones de ejemplificación, continuidad y similitud.

Comprensión y traducción de textos.

UNIDAD 2:

Probabilidad: presente. Must + infinitivo. Can´t + infinitivo

Futuro simple. El uso de WILL para predicciones.

To Be + Going to. Acción en el futuro.

Oraciones condicionales: Tipo 0 y 1.

Verbos frase. Formas.

Comprensión y traducción de textos. Manejo de diccionario bilingüe.

UNIDAD 3:

Voz Pasiva: Presente y pasado simple, verbos regulares e irregulares.

By + complemento agente.

Voz Pasiva + Infinitivo

Comprensión y traducción de textos. Manejo de diccionario bilingüe.

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PRESENT PERFECT

El present perfect es usado para:

Acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y que no han terminado aún en el presente

I have not slept in the past two days No he dormido en los últimos 2 días

Acciones que comenzaron y acabaron en el pasado pero que su efecto continua en el presente.

I am not hungry because I have eaten an Apple No tengo hambre porque he comido una manzana

El matiz del ejemplo anterior es, que aunque hemos terminado de comer la manzana, esta acción

tiene repercusión en el presente (no tenemos hambre en el presente por habernos comido la manzana)

I have bought a car (Yo) he comprado un coche

El matiz de este segundo ejemplo es, que aunque la acción de comprar terminó, el coche nos sigue

perteneciendo en el presente (continua el efecto de la acción).

Acciones que comenzaron y acabaron en el pasado pero que el interlocutor ha situado la acción en

un intervalo de tiempo no acabado. Esta situación de la acción en un intervalo temporal no finalizado obliga

a construir la oración en presente perfecto:

Intervalo temporal no finalizado (Present Perfect):

I have been in USA this year He estado este año en Estados Unidos

Intervalo temporal finalizado (Past Simple):

I was in USA last year Estuve el año pasado en Estados Unidos

Partículas usadas en "Present Perfect"

Just (acabar de) Se usa en "Present Perfect" para decir que una acción acaba de ser terminada:

we have just eaten and we are not hungry Nosotros acabamos de comer y no tenemos hambre

Already (ya) Significa "ya", pero sólo con oraciones afirmativas y en Present Perfect:

I have already ordered the books ya he pedido los libros

Yet (ya o todavía) significa "ya" en oraciones interrogativas y "todavía" en negativas :

Have you ordered her book yet? ¿Ya has pedido su libro?

No, I have not ordered her book yet No, todavía no he pedido su libro

Ever (alguna vez) Se usa en oraciones interrogativas con la estructura "Have you ever ...?" (¿has alguna vez ...?)

Have you ever seen a camel crying? ¿Has visto alguna vez un camello llorando?

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WILL - Futuro

"Will" es un modal auxiliar. Significa que combina con el infinitivo de los verbos no-modales (en muchos casos para

expresar el futuro). "Will" no es variable. No cambia con las distintas personas. Tiene una forma contraída " 'll ", la

cuál se utiliza en los textos escritos menos formales y en el inglés hablado:

Sujeto + will + infinitivo (sin "to").

I will see my friends next week. (Veré a mis amigos la semana que viene.)

He will get ill if he doesn't eat properly. (Se pondrá enfermo si no come bien.)*

I'll phone him tomorrow. (Lo llamaré mañana.)*

La forma interrogativa:

Hay inversión entre el sujeto y el auxiliar modal "will" en la forma interrogativa:

Will I see you again later on? (¿Te veré luego?)

Will you help me with my English homework? (¿Me ayudarás con los deberes de inglés?)

Do you think John and Mary will get married soon? (¿Piensas que John y Mary se casarán pronto?)

La forma negativa:

Empleamos la combinación de palabras de "will + not"

I will not (shall not) say this again! (¡Esto no volveré a decir!)

La forma negativa se suele contraer a "won't" en el inglés escrito informal y hablado:

John won't go to work tomorrow. (John no irá a trabajar mañana.)

Will - el uso en la vida real:

Predicción para el futuro.

"Will" se utiliza para expresar una predicción.

I think the weather will be better tomorrow. (Creo que hará mejor tiempo mañana.)

What do you think will happen at the end of this book? (¿Qué crees pasará al final del libro?)

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CONDICIONALES

Los condicionales se emplean para especular acerca de lo que podría ocurrir, lo que puede haber ocurrido y lo que

desearíamos que ocurriese. En inglés, la mayoría de las oraciones que emplean el tiempo verbal condicional

contienen el término "if". Muchas de las construcciones condicionales del inglés se utilizan en oraciones que incluyen

verbos en pasado. En todos los casos, se componen de una proposición o cláusula con "if" y una proposición principal.

En muchas oraciones condicionales negativas existe una construcción alternativa equivalente que usa "unless" en

lugar de "if".

Tipo de oración

condicional

Uso Tiempo verbal de la

proposición "if"

Tiempo verbal de la

proposición principal

Tipo 0 Hechos generales Simple present Simple present

Tipo 1 Una condición posible y su resultado probable

Simple present Simple future

CONDICIONAL TIPO CERO

El "zero conditional" se utiliza cuando el tiempo al que nos referimos es ahora o siempre y la situación es real y

posible. Este tipo de condicional suele emplearse para hablar de hechos generales. El tiempo verbal de ambas

proposiciones es el "simple present". En las oraciones condicionales de tipo 0, el término "if" puede normalmente

sustituirse por "when" sin que cambie el significado.

Proposición "if" Proposición principal

If + simple present simple present

If this thing happens that thing happens.

If you heat ice it melts.

If it rains the grass gets w

CONDICIONAL TIPO 1

El "type 1 conditional" se emplea para referirse al presente o futuro cuando la situación es real. El condicional tipo

1 se refiere a una condición posible y su resultado probable. En estas oraciones, la cláusula "if" adopta el "simple

present" y la proposición principal el "simple future".

Proposición "if" Proposición principal

If + simple present simple future

If this thing happens that thing will happen.

If you don't hurry you will miss the train.

If it rains today you will get wet.

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PASSIVE VOICE

Hablaremos en esta ocasión sobre un recurso gramatical de gran importancia en la lengua inglesa: la voz pasiva. Para

comenzar estableceremos la diferencia con el lenguaje que utilizamos habitualmente llamado voz activa en el cual la

acción del verbo recae sobre el sujeto mientras que en la voz pasiva la acción del verbo recae sobre el objeto.

Observa los siguientes ejemplos:

Voz Activa

The lady buys a new hat. La dama compra un sombrero nuevo.

(El verbo “comprar” recae sobre “la dama” indicando que ella es quien realiza la acción)

Voz Pasiva

A new hat is bought by the lady. Un nuevo sombrero es comprado por la dama.

(En este caso interesa que “un nuevo sombrero es comprado” sin demasiada importancia de quien realiza la acción)

Para construir la voz pasiva es necesario que la oración en voz activa cuente con objeto directo, es decir que

responda a la pregunta “¿qué cosa?”, por ejemplo:

My sister lost the keys. Mi hermana perdió las llaves.

¿Qué cosa perdió mi hermana? Las llaves (éste es el objeto directo)

Luego el objeto directo establecido pasará a ocupar el lugar de sujeto, elsujeto de la voz activa pasa a ser

complemento agente acompañado de la preposición BY y el verbo principal se coloca en pasado participio

acompañado por el verto TO BE en el tiempo que se encuentra la voz activa. Por ejemplo:

My sister lost the keys. The keys were lost by my sister.

Observe en la oración pasiva que “the keys” ocupan el lugar de sujeto, “by my sister” es el complemento agente y el

verbo principal está ahora en pasado participio acompañado por el verbo to be (were) enpasado simple ya que la

oración activa se encontraba en ese tiempo verbal.

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Complete the following sentences using:

WILL

1. Computers and microchips ……………………………….. (TO BECOME) part of F-e chassis next generation.

2. The software ………………………. (TO SCAN) for unique words used in Facebook posts and comments.

3. In other words, the software ………………………. (TO ATTEMPT) to predict slang before it becomes popular.

4. The software ……………………… (TO LOOK) for the repeated use of particular words among users who share

certain attributes, like language and location.

5. There's no guarantee Facebook ………………. (TO BUILD) it.

6. The video ………………….. (TO EXPLAIN) how the battery, inverter, the motor, and the transmission all work

together.

7. They …………………….. (TO SPEND) the entire third season learning how to get the most out of their cars

without pushing them too hard.

8. Strategy ………………. (TO GAIN) one- or two-tenths of a second per lap.

CONDICIONALES

1. If you ………………………… (TO LOOK) for it, there …………………. (TO BE) a wealth of information to be found

about the cars of Formula E. Type 0

2. But understanding how the cars ……………………….. (TO WORK) on a basic level can be tricky if you ……………

(TO BE) new to the series. Type 0

3. If the software ………………………………. (TO DETERMINE) that a neologism isn't yet largely associated with a

particular definition, it ………………….. (TO ADD) the word to a glossary of terms.

4. A word …………………. (TO BE) removed if it …………………. (TO START) shrinking in popularity.

5. If the patent filing …………………………. (TO MENTION) the possibility of an interface, it ………………. (TO ALLOW)

users to add, remove, and edit words in the glossary.

6. If it also …………………. (TO SHED) some light on where the teams ………………. (TO BE) free to innovate, they

…………………. (TO BE LIMITED).

7. Buemi …………………… (NOT TO PUSH) his car too hard if he ……………………. (TO BE) a finesse driver

8. If the first two laps ………………………….. (TO GO) according to plan, and the driver …………………………. (TO LIFT)

enough to keep the battery charged and cool while still racing hard, the team moves onto the next two laps.

PRESENT PERFECT

1. Luckily, Formula E ………………………… (TO COME UP) with a really excellent explainer video

2. Each car ………………………… (TO BE) virtually identical in the first season, but for this year the teams

……………………… (TO BE) allowed to tinker with the parts that interact with the battery.

3. The FIA's website for the series …………………… (TO DO) a decent job of making the series accesible.

4. Since this season, the series ………………………. (TO ALLOW) manufacturers to independently develop their own

drivetrains

5. The team with the most money invested — Renault e.Dams — …………………. (TO BE) by far the strongest

since the beginning of season two.

6. Driver Sebastien Buemi ……………………………….. (TO WIN) two of the first three races

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PAST SIMPLE

1. Formula E ……………………. (TO HEAD) to Argentina on February 6thfor the fourth race in the all-electric racing

series’ second season.

2. Last year, the cars …………………. (TO BE) all essentially the same.

3. Renault ………………………….. (TO LOOK) strong in the race he …………………… (NOT TO WIN) — right up until it

…………………….. (TO RUN) into a software problem.

4. At the same time he ……………………….. (TO STOP) on the track, his teammate Nico Prost pulled into the pits

with a similar problem.

5. The team simply …………………….. (NOT TO FACTOR) in the right racing conditions when programming the car.

6. Later in the race, Team Aguri driver Antonio Felix da Costa …………………. (TO FACE) a similar problem.

PASSIVE VOICE. Indicate whether the sentences are in active or in passive, then in they are in present or in past. Pass the sentences from active to passive and vice versa. Then translate the original sentence.

1. All of the world’s vehicles are assisted by AI and powered by electricity. 2. One of the race teams is organised as a crowd-sourced community team

3. An automotive start-up develops revolutionary range-extended electric powertrains for commercial

vehicles.

4. EDPR donated 10,000 green certificates under the new collaboration,

5. The software manages the electrical systems that has given out

6. Last year, many times we finished the race with energy left over in the car.

7. By 2019, 65% of the world's population is forecasted to have LTE coverage

8. Both LTE FDD and TDD offer very high data rates, low latency, and seamless interworking with 3G

PAST CONTINUOUS

1. Buemi …………………… (TO LEAD) halfway through the second race in Putrajaya, Malaysia, when his car

……………. (TO SLOW) to a halt.

2. In the blazing heat, it ……………………. (TO APPEAR) both Renault drivers …………………….. (TO STRUGGLE) with

Formula E’s critical balance.

3. Virgin Racing’s Sam Bird ………………………. (tO RUN) fourth when his car ……………….. (TO SHUT) off.

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Extra readings

Another way many people are using their computers is to play games. Gamers make up a huge percentage

of computer users and with today’s computer graphics and user friendly interface; it gives the user playing

the game a sense of competition unlike no other one has experienced before. People are also using their

computers for knowledge and research. I can remember back in the 80’s when encyclopedia sales were

booming; virtually every household on my block had a bookshelf full of them. Now, in my opinion there’s no

need for them to be sitting there collecting dust. Don’t get me wrong, they came in handy back then for

research papers or general information for school, but now computers and the world wide web gives you

those needed resources and a whole lot more.

Many people also use their computers for business purposes and incidentally, many businesses require

their employees to have computer skills as well. A computer with the proper business software can keep

businesses running very smoothly. From scheduling appointments to printing receipts and tracking sales,

computers have become a necessity and a valuable asset for most businesses today. And whether a

person or company has a typical brick and mortar business or a home business, the time saving aspect of

using the computer pays for itself. Additionally, with today’s need for businesses to have an on-line

presence, more businesses have increased their sales and clientele by developing a business

website. Business owners may hire someone to develop their websites or to keep operating costs to a

minimum; they even develop their own websites if they have acquired those necessary webmaster skills.

But no matter what avenue they take computer savvy business owners tend to be more productive and

profitable with an on-line presence today.

Let’s face it, television as we know it will never go away and will only get better as technology

breakthroughs are discovered, same goes for our computers. They are getting more affordable, faster and

more user friendly every day. Having a good computer and the computer skills to use it has become one of

a person’s most valuable assets in society today.

Read more: http://www.bukisa.com/articles/145158_how-computers-are-being-used-today#ixzz42oRyrVru

Computer history The history of computers and how they have progressed over the years is another great way get a better understanding of computers. There is no easy answer to this question due to the many different classifications ofcomputers. The first mechanical computer, created by Charles Babbage in 1822, doesn't really resemble what most would consider a computer today. Therefore, this document has been created with a listing of each of the computer firsts, starting with the Difference Engine and leading up to the computers we use today. The word "computer" was first recorded as being used in 1613 and originally was used to describe a human who performed calculations or computations. The definition of a computer remained the same until the end of the 19th century, when the industrial revolution gave rise to machines whose primary purpose was calculating. In 1822, Charles Babbage conceptualized and began developing the Difference Engine, considered to be the first automatic computing machine. The Difference Engine was capable of computing several sets of numbers and making hard copies of the results. Babbage received some help with development of the Difference Engine from Ada Lovelace, considered by many to be the first computer programmer for her work and notes on the Difference Engine. Unfortunately, because of funding, Babbage was never able to complete a full-scale functional version of this machine. In June of 1991, the London Science Museum completed the Difference Engine No 2 for the bicentennial year of Babbage's birth and later completed the printing mechanism in 2000.

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In 1837, Charles Babbage proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine. The Analytical Engine contained an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), basic flow control, and integrated memory and is the first general-purpose computer concept. Unfortunately, because of funding issues, this computer was also never built while Charles Babbage was alive. In 1910, Henry Babbage, Charles Babbage's youngest son, was able to complete a portion of this machine and was able to perform basic calculations. The Z1 was created by German Konrad Zuse in his parents' living room between 1936 and 1938. It is considered to be the first electro-mechanical binary programmable computer, and the first really functional modern computer. The Turing machine was first proposed by Alan Turing in 1936 and became the foundation for theories about computing and computers. The machine was a device that printed symbols on paper tape in a manner that emulated a person following a series of logical instructions. Without these fundamentals, we wouldn't have the computers we use today. The Colossus was the first electric programmable computer, developed by Tommy Flowers, and first demonstrated in December 1943. The Colossus was created to help the British code breakers read encrypted German messages. Short for Atanasoff-Berry Computer, the ABC began development by Professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Cliff Berry in 1937. Its development continued until 1942 at the Iowa State College (now Iowa State University). The ABC was an electrical computer that used vacuum tubes for digital computation, including binary math and Boolean logic and had no CPU. The ENIAC was invented by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania and began construction in 1943 and was not completed until 1946. It occupied about 1,800 square feet and used about 18,000 vacuum tubes, weighing almost 50 tons. Although the Judge ruled that the ABC computer was the first digital computer, many still consider the ENIAC to be the first digital computer because it was fully functional. What jobs are available in the computer industry? 3D Animation or Graphic design

Description: A position where you design and create either a graphic or 3D animations for software

programs, games, movies, and web pages; usually with a team of other designers. The position may also

require that you work on existing graphics, animations, and movies, created by other people.

Requirements: An individual applying for this job would need to be talented in design and creating visuals,

for most people this is not something you could learn in training. Also, you must have a good understanding

of the software programs being used to create the visual designs or 3D animations.

Recommendations: If you want to get into graphic design, you should learn a major graphics programs

such as Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and other programs used to create your own pictures or edit

photos. If you are applying for any design or animation company, it is also a good idea to have a portfolio of

your work.

Difficulty: (MEDIUM - HIGH) Many of the programs used to create a graphic, edit a photo, or create a 3D

render are complex and often require prior experience gained through training or schooling.

Customer service

Description: Helping customers with general questions relating to the company, ordering, status on orders,

account information or status, etc.

Requirements: Good communication skills and a general understanding of the company and its products.

Recommendations: Great starting position for anyone who is looking to get their foot in the door at the

company and who are not yet that familiar with computers.

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Difficulty: (LOW) Customer service jobs only require basic computer proficiency and the ability to navigate

through the company's system, but solemnly require the employee to be skilled in more technical areas.

Data Entry

Description: A job that commonly requires the employee to take information from a hard copy or other

source and enter it into an electronic format. Position may also be taking electronic data and entering it into

a database for easy sorting and locating.

Requirements: Requires someone capable of typing 40-50 or more WPM (Word per minute), basic

computer proficiency, and familiarity with word processors.

Recommendations: Practice your typing and take online typing tests to determine your overall speed.

Difficulty: (LOW) Most data entry jobs are beginner level jobs and don't require much or any prior

experience or formal education.

Database

Description: A job that requires creating, testing, and maintaining one or more databases.

Requirements: Requires a familiarity with or extensive knowledge of databases at the place of

employment. For example, Access, FoxPro, MySQL, SQL, and Sybase.

Recommendations: Become familiar with the database being used at the business. If the job is for the

continued development of a database, you should also have a good understanding of its corresponding

programming language. Often, this knowledge requires experience or formal education.

Difficulty: (MEDIUM - HIGH) Developing or maintaining a database can be a difficult and complex job. As

mentioned above, you need to have past experience or formal education to be considered by most

companies.

Electronics technician or engineer

Description: Assembling, testing, and repairing electronic equipment.

Requirements: A strong understanding of basic and advanced electronics.

Recommendations: Get a formal education in electronics and electro-mechanical, or self-teach yourself

by building an electronic system or device.

Difficulty: (HIGH) Having a strong understanding of electronics often takes several years of formal

education or on-the-job experience.

Engineer

Description: An engineer designs and implements mechanical and electronic equipment. A broad and

difficult field, engineering almost always requires a college degree or at least several certifications.

Although used broadly in this document, the engineer is usually specified in the job requirement. For

example, a software development engineer may be a highly skilled computer programmer.

Requirements: The requirements for this job change depending on the engineering field that interests you.

However, as mentioned above, any engineering job requires a vast knowledge of the subject matter;

usually from school, certifications, training, or years of experience.

Recommendations: Get training and education on the subject of interest from books, college, the Internet,

and other sources. Often before you can qualify for many engineer positions you need experience;

therefore, it's a good idea to get an entry-level job in the same field. For example, if you want to be a

software engineer, get a job in programming or create a program. If you want to become a network

engineer, get a job that requires you to setup, maintain, or otherwise work with professional networks. You

can start learning by setting up your home network.

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Difficulty: (HIGH) At the median level, this is a job and position requires experience or a degree.

Freelancer

Description: Thanks to the Internet its possible for anyone to become a freelancer and apply for one of the

millions of positions available around the Internet.

Requirements: Computer and high-speed Internet connection.

Recommendations: There is a wide array of freelance jobs available online, so it is difficult to give any

specific recommendation. However, keep in mind that if you have never worked from home that it is not as

easy as you may think, there are more distractions, and it is easy to put work off until later. Set a strict work

schedule and always make sure you work for what you feel your time is worth.

Difficulty: (LOW - HIGH) This all depends on the type of job you apply for since there are plenty of low

difficulty freelance jobs such as customer service and high difficulty jobs like freelance programming.

Hardware

Description: A position as a hardware designer, circuit design, embedded systems, firmware, etc. is a job

that requires you to design and create a complete hardware package or portions of a hardware device.

Requirements: Jobs that design or create hardware devices require that you have a good understanding

of electronics, circuits, firmware, or design. For this position, you need to have several years of prior

experience or a degree in the field.

Recommendations: If you are interested in this field we suggest you get a degree in the field.

Difficulty: (HIGH) Hardware design is a difficult position to learn and understand unless you get training or

a degree.

Networking or System Administrator

Description: Computer networking jobs involve designing, setting up, and maintaining a network.

Requirements: Although most users today have a home networks, setting up, troubleshooting, and

maintaining a corporate network can be a much more complicated task. Often, networking jobs also require

a good understanding of how a network works, and in some cases how all the underlying protocols and

structure of how networks work.

Recommendations: There are numerous network and network related certifications available today, such

as the CCNA, MCSE, etc. Often depending on the level of certification and the job you are applying for, the

certifications will be more than enough to qualify you for most network jobs. Some of the higher networking

positions, especially in the development of network hardware or programming side, may also

Programmer or Software developer

Description: A job that requires the development or continued development and maintenance of a

software program.

Requirements: A basic to extensive understanding of a programming language. Because most job

positions require the ability to help develop a program, they require several years of experience or a

degree.

Recommendations: Learn one or more programming languages. Depending on what programs or scripts

you want to create may change the language you want to learn. If you need experience, creating software

programs or working on an open source project is a great way to learn a language and demonstrate your

abilities at a job interview.

Difficulty: (HIGH) Learning a programming language can be as difficult as learning a second language and

takes lots of experience and practice to become a skilled programmer.

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