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Some organisms like bacteria are only one-cell big. Others like a
mammal have several trillion cells.
If red blood cells were placed end-to-end it would take 150 cells to equal the thickness of a penny!
Even though the cells do different jobs, they have the same basic
parts inside, called ORGANELLES.(Write the definition of “oragnelle”)
Let’s take a tour through a cell…(take notes as 3 columns of a graphic organizer. Label
the columns NAME, FUNCTION, CANDY)
The outside of every cell is surrounded by the CELL MEMBRANE, which is kinda like a thin, squishy baggie.
Inside of the nucleus are many CHROMOSOMES. They contain the instructions for making every part of the cell. Usually they look like
strands of spaghetti.
When the cell is ready to divide, the CHROMOSOMES condense into
“worm” shapes and pair up. Like twirling the spaghetti on a fork
The NUCLEUS sends out instructions for making proteins, or repairing the
cell, or dividing the cell. These instructions, called RNA are like
chemical text messages.
The RNA instructions go to the RIBOSOMES. Ribosomes follow the
instructions to make different kinds of proteins.
Ribs are made of Protein.
Ribs remind me of RIBosomes
The ER is like a giant freeway system that goes through the entire cell. The RIBOSOMES are tiny little dots on the
ER.
Just like anything that is alive, cells have waste products that need to be
recycled. This is the job of the LYSOSOMES.
The prefix “lys” means “break apart” So the lysosomes break apart old,
worn out parts so they can be recycled into new stuff. They go around
“eating” stuff like pac man.(Why do you think the name LYSOL was chosen?)
MITOCHONDRIA take the energy in sugar and turn it into fuel that the cell can use. They are the power
suppliers for the cell.
CHLOROPLASTS are found only in plant cells, but they have a job kinda like
mitochondria. They convert sunlight to sugar, that can then be sent to the
mitochondria.
CHLOROPLASTS have a chemical inside called chlorophyll. This chemical is what makes plants
appear green.
Plants also have another cool feature. They have a second outer layer called
a CELL WALL. This is what makes plants rigid, and keeps trees from
falling over.
CELL WALLS are made of cellulose, which can’t be digested by most
animals – that’s why it is the main ingredient in metamucil.