Installing & Maintaining Computer Hardware

Anti Virus & Malware

Last session

Types of Planning

Planning in practice

The benefits of planning.

Assignment 2.

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Todays session

What is a Computer Virus

How do we get a computer Virus

Virus Types

What can we do to protect our devices.

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Poor performance

What makes a computer slow or underperform?

You have too many startup programs,

Your hard drive is failing or nearly full,

Your browser has too many add-ons,

Some programs are hogging all the processing power,

Your room/computer are too dusty,

You have a Virus.

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What is a Computer Virus?

A small software program that can be designed to spread from one computer to another and

to interfere with computers operation.

Computer Virus

What are the impacts?

Making your computer crash.

Deleting important files or everything on your Hard Drive.

Infecting your memory sticks and therefore other devices.

Hacking your e-mails (spamming contacts).

Collecting sensitive data such as pin numbers or bank details.

Possibly making your computer unusable.

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Class Discussion

Viruses

Trojans, Worms, Botnets, E-mail Viruses, Ransomware ….

What do the group understand about Viruses/Malware,

1. How can you get it,

2. How can it spread,

3. What does it do,

4. How can you remove or prevent it,

5. What are the effects on an organisation. 7

Trojans

Trojans, as in 'Trojan Horse', are a type of computer virus which can be installed on your computer without you realising.

Trojans can install a ‘keystroke logger’, which records all the keys you press on your computer keyboard.

Some try to capture passwords entered at certain web sites by capturing keystrokes or taking a picture of the screen. This information is then sent to the fraudsters.

Trojans are malicious programs which look innocent, fool you into accepting them, and then more or less take over your computer.

You can go on using your PC or laptop while a criminal is also using it, remotely, for illegal purposes.

Criminals have also designed programs called ‘rootkits’, which hide the fact that your computer has been infected.

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Worms

A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program that penetrates an operating system with the intent of spreading malicious code.

Worms utilise networks to send copies of the original code to other computers, causing harm by consuming bandwidth or possibly deleting files or sending documents via email.

Worms can also install backdoors on computers.

Worms are often confused with computer viruses; the difference lies in how they spread.

Computer worms self-replicate and spread across networks, exploiting vulnerabilities, automatically; that is, they don’t need a cybercriminal’s guidance, nor do they need to latch onto another computer program.

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E-mail Virus

An e-mail virus is computer code sent to you as an e-mail note attachment which, if activated, will cause some unexpected and usually harmful effect, such as destroying certain files on your hard disk and causing the attachment to be re-mailed to everyone in your address book.

ATM HACKERS

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Botnets

The term bot is short for robot.

Criminals distribute malicious software (also known as malware) that can turn your computer into a bot (also known as a zombie)

When this occurs, your computer can perform automated tasks over the Internet, without you knowing it.

Criminals typically use bots to infect large numbers of computers. These computers form a network, or a botnet.

Criminals use botnets to send out spam email messages, spread viruses, attack computers and servers, and commit other kinds of crime and fraud.

If your computer becomes part of a botnet, your computer might slow down and you might inadvertently be helping criminals.

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Ransomware

Ransomware is malicious software which encrypts files on your computer or completely locks you out.

It’s spread by hackers who then demand a ransom (usually 300-500$/GPB/EUR, preferably paid in bitcoins), claiming that, if you pay, you’ll receive the decryption key to recover your files.

Ransomware is not a virus however, due to the side effects of an attack being similar to that of a virus it is often categorised as Malware (malicious software).

Viruses infect your files or software and have the ability to replicate, but ransomware scrambles your files to render them unusable, then demands you pay up.

Although Ransomware is not strictly a virus by definition it can cause huge distress and disruption to an organisation or individual and if your files are encrypted chances are you’ll never get them back.

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Notable Malware and WormsILOVEYOU 2010 is considered one of the most active computer virus ever created.

It managed to wreck havoc on computer systems all over the world with around 10 billion worth of damages.

10% of the world’s computers were believed to have been infected. It was so bad that governments and large corporations took their mailing system offline to prevent infection.

It was so prominent that the E-commerce Law was changed to address the problem.

MyDoom 2004 is the most destructive computer virus (worm) in history.

Email messages containing the worm were often masked as delivery failures, prompting many to open the message and investigate it.

The worm carried two payloads- one was a backdoor entrance from where the intruder can actually control the infected computer, and the other one was a DDos attack.

WannaCry 2017 affected massive company's including the NHS.

After infecting more than 10,000 organisations and 200,000 individuals in over 150 countries, WannaCry earned its reputation as the most widespread ransomware attack to date.

THERE ARE THOUSANDS MORE 13

How to Prevent Viruses Install an antivirus program and Firewall

keep it up-to-date because, New viruses can appear daily.

Scan your pc and memory sticks often.

A firewall program can alert you to suspicious activity if a virus or worm attempts to connect to your computer.

Don't open anything from unfamiliar senders, E-mail attachments may contain viruses.

Use a pop-up blocker with your browser. This will help prevent harmful pop ups that will prompt you to download possible viruses.

Keep Windows updated. Microsoft releases special security updates that can help protect your computer. You can minimise the risks by turning on Windows automatic updating.

Use a secure Password Use an detailed encryption for any secure web browsing Such as Banking, Emails, College log on, Facebook, Skype, Twitter.

Produce a brochure, using Publisher.

The brochure should include,

What is a computer virus.

How can it be detected.

The effect it can have on a computer (damage).

How it can be passed on to other devices

2 examples in detail.

How to prevent a virus on your pc.

How to prevent passing a virus on

2 example in detail.

How to remove it and prevent further infection.

Task

If you finish early provide a third example.

!!!! Use lots of colour and pictures please !!!! Submit to Turnitin

What do we know

What is a computer Virus?

How can it get on to our system?

3 ways we can protect ourselves

How can we remove a Virus?

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