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Assessing the environmental impacts of different IPSS

deployment scenarios for the light commercial vehicle (LCV)

industry

Dina ANDRIANKAJANatacha GONDRAN

Jesus GONZALEZ-FELIU

7th CIRP IPSS Conference, may 2015

Institut Mines-Télécom2

Agenda

Context and objective Scenarios assessment Environmental assessment (LCA) Results Conclusion and perspectives

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Context

Reduction of GHG emissions of transport Sustainable urban goods transport Green vehicles vs green organisation PSS schemes: care-sharing, public-private

partnerships … Advantages of PSS: economics, environmental

Objective: environmental assessment of different IPSS scenarios for urban goods transport

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Construction of scenarios / Hypotheses

Carrier behavior data Only vehicles with 3.5t of full loaded weight 100 representative vehicle’s rounds for urban

delivery (routes made with LCV) Focus on third-party transport only

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Construction of scenarios

Reference scenario (0): each company owns its LCV fleet

Scenario 1: Internal reorganization

Leasing system + routes’ optimization (reduction of the number of LCV) Scenario 2: Vehicle sharing system

Leasing system + logistics sharing system (vehicles are common to all users) Scenario 3: Logistics pooling system

Vehicles + urban distribution center (UDC)

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Reference scenario (S0)

123 routes 31 carries Carriers’ platforms location: inside a 14km x 14 km

zone in the Eastern part of a city Each route respect French legislation (driving

time) One vehicle = one driver, but multiple routes

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Scenarios

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Scenarios

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Scenarios

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Scenarios

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Scenarios

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S0 S1 S2 S3

Number of vehicles 100 96 85 56

Number of routes 123 96 123 187

Total daily distance (km) 5513 5355 5513 3610

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Environmental assessment: LCA

Impacts of all different stages of the LCV’ s life (production, operation, maintenance, disposal)

Direct impacts and Indirect impacts

Method based on the standardized LCA methodology (ISO 14040)

Functional unit: to deliver 70t of goods from 31 carriers to the urban center in one day

Impact method: ReciPe Nine impact categories considered Data used : ecoinvent database v2.1 (2010)

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Impact categories considered

Impact categories Units Substances

Global warming potential kg CO2 eq All greenhouse gases

Terrestrial acidification potential kg SO2 eq NH3, SO2, NOx

Photochemical oxidant formation kg NMVOC eq

Non-methane volatile organic compounds

Particulate matter formation kg PM10 eq PM, SO2, NOx, NH3

Fossil depletion kg oil eq Coal, gas, oil

Metal depletion kg Fe eq All metals

Urban land occupation m²*a

Fossil energy MJ eq Coal, gas, oil, peat, uranium, primary forest

Renewable energy MJ eq Hydro, wind, geo, solar, biomass energies

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Main results

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Reduction of impactsGap to the reference scenario (S0)

Scenarios Direct impacts Indirect impacts

S0: traditional transport organization - -

S1: internal reorganization 3 % 4 %

S2: vehicle sharing system 0 % 15 %

S3: logistics pooling system (UDC) 35 % 44 %

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Conclusion and perspectives

IPSS configurations reduction of the number of vehicles / reduction of the kilometres travelled

Then environmental gains The best IPSS configuration is UDC but its

implementation requires several conditions S1, S2 can give best environmental impacts if we

considered “green vehicles” Method sensible to the functional unit

transferable when the same functional unit is used

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Thank you for your attention!

dina.andriankaja@emse.fr

Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne / PIESO

Une école de l'Institut Mines-Télécom