SCIENCENEW SERIES FRIDAY NoVEMBER 23 1945 SUBSCRIPTION, $6.00VOL. 102, No. 2656 ' O SINGLE COPIES, .15

UNIQUE PHYSICALCHARACTERISTICS

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2 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 26561

ESSAYS IN BIOLOGYIn Honor of Herbert M. Evans

Forty-eight essays written by friends ofthis eminent scholar who has devoted hislife to a fuller understanding of the funda-mental problems of anatomy, embryology,endocrinology, nutrition, and the physiol-ogy of reproduction. The volume alsocontains a bibliography of his publishedwritings.

xxxii + 688 pages, illustrations. 1943Cloth, $10.00

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NOVEMBER 23, 1945 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 3

ab qv or e Ae;; mJ/a/~lefDefrca/rcedfj ea/iiINTERNATIONAL MODEL PR-1

The latest development in Refrigerated Centrifuges, the InternationalModel PR-1 offers the laboratory analyst practically all of the advan- *tages of the larger. permanent type installations plus portability. Cen.trifuge and compressor are combined in one attractive cabinet mountedon casters, and both units are operated from a single cord and plugwhich can be connected to the ordinary lighting circuit.

Constant temperatures plus or minus 2' can be maintained, and usa-ble accessories illustrated here include the multispeed attachment andhigh-speed heads for six 7 ml. tubes or four 25 ml. tubes at 18,000R.P.M., conical angle heads for 15, 50 and 100 ml. tubes at speeds *up to 5,000 R.P.M., the four-place pin type head for 250 ml. bottles at2,600 R.P.M., as well as the conventional horizontal tube carryingheads. The compressor is of ample capacity to cool the interior of theguard bowl to 320 F. or lower with any of this equipment operating atmaximum speed and a room temperature of 80' F.

Although not previously announced, the Model PR-i has already beensupplied to Army, Navy and civilian laboratories, and has been suc-cessfully used in research on the chemistry of the influenza bacillus.The features of the machine will at once suggest countless applications,and complete details will gladly be furnished on request.Width 28" Length 44" Height 42" Weight 850 lbs.

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4 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2656

F G&De ELECTRO-

gm TITRATORMade InU. S. A.

A universal Electro-Titrator using a highly stable and sensitive voltmetercircuit designed by Dr. R. L. Garman and Dr. M. E. Droz for determinations ofend-points in electrometric neutralization titrations (including pH determina-tions), oxidation-reduction titrations, and precipitation titrations.

Some of Its outstanding advantages are:1. Variable sensitivity up to a maximum of 40 millivolts

per inch of needle deflection.2. Battery operated, uses as little as 0.25 watts; fluctua-

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4 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2656

CRYSTALLINE CAROTENE

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YETHI CHEMISTS have developed laboratory meth-v' ods by which the individual carotenoids areisolated and purified.

General Biochemicals, Inc., is prepared to furnishthe important forms of carotene in chemically purestate for precise experimentation on the biologicalactivity of these specific substances, for use as refer-ence standards in spectrophotometric vitamin analy.ses, and for studying such problems as the effectof fats on nutrition.ALPHA CAROTENE-CRYSTALLINE

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VOL. 102, No. 2656

4

NOVEMBER 23, 1945 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 7

STEIGER-SIMPSON SLIT LAMPfor KAHN and other TEST TUBE SERODIAGNOSTIC TESTS

is ~~NEW!REF: " A Simple Viewing Device forReading Test Tube Precipitation Tests,"Howard P. Steiger, M.D., and John F.Simpson, Charlotte, N. C. (Article soon

to be published)

STEIGER-SIMPSON Slit ILamp withstandard Kahn rack in position

The Steiger-Simpson Slit Lamp was designed to provide a constant source of illuminationnot dependent on external conditions. The apparatus was primarily intended for Kahntests, but is equally applicable to all other test tube serodiagnostic tests. The features ofthis apparatus are . . .

* It provides a constant source of even illumination* Since the entire rack of tubes can be placed on the shelf of the lamp,

all of the tubes can be read without removing them from the rack* The width of the slit and the height of the shelf can be adjusted so

that many different types of tests can be read on the same lamp* The lamp housing can be tilted to give a convenient angle for reading

For best results the tubes are read with a magnifying lens. This offers the advantages ofan enlarged view of the tubes and concentrating the technician's attention onto the par-ticular tube being read.

The Lamp is metal construction throughout, black crackle finish. The Lamp housing ismounted on a base with two triangular uprights, attached with two knurled knobs whichare for adjustment of the viewing angle. The source of illumination is a 14" daylightfluorescent bulb (for AC only) readily accessible for changing. The shelf on which thetest tube rack is placed can be adjusted up and down by releasing the two thumb screwsat the bottom. The slit is adjustable to an opening up to 1/4" by releasing the four screws,two left and two right. The base of the lamp is 151/2" wide and 6" deep. The housingis 151/4" wide, the front portion is 5" high and 4" deep. The adjustable shelf is 3" deep.Electrical wiring (8 feet) has on and off switch. Shipping weight 14 pounds.

A-2200 STEIGER-SIMPSON SLIT LAMP, complete with 14" daylight fluores-cent bulb for AC only (without Kahn rack or test tubes) ..................Each $28.50

A-1336 MAGNIFIER, 3" lens is mounted in a metal frame with black handle.Magnification approximately 3x .Eac............................................... ach$2.00

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Novimimp. 23, 1945 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 7

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This popular photomicrographic equipment is in regular production, anddeliveries are being made as rapidly as possible.

Simple in design, easily set up, and usable with any conventional typeof microscope fitted with a substage condenser, this equipment is particularlywell fitted for all types of routine photomicrographic work. The camera isso designed that it gives the same magnification photographically as themicroscope gives visually. Observation eyepiece with beam splitting prismprovides for visual observation at all times, even during exposures. SphericalMicroscope Lamp, illustrated, is extra. For full information send for CatalogE-21. Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Rochester 2, N. Y.

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SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS8 VOL. 102y No. 2656

VOL. 102 FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 1945 No. 2656

Contributions of Medical Research in Chemical War- LINSLEY GREssITT. The Air Forces' Collection offare to Medicine: MAJOR OSCAR BODANSKY ... 517 Aerial Photographs: DR. F. B. FOSBERG. TheObituary: Toxicity of DDT to Daphnia: DR. BERTIL G.Robert H. Goddard: DR. G. EDWARD PENDRAY. ANDERSON .5.3................. 537Recent Deaths ......... 521 Reports:

Proposals for a National Research Foundation 539wScientific Events:The Summer Meeting of the American Mathe- Scientific Books:matical Society; Research Institutions of Biology; Biology: PROFESSOR. JOiHN A. MVoE Flora ofThe Magnuson Bill; Federal Support of Scientific Illinois: PROFESSOR ARTHUR G. VESTAL. Mivd-Research; Fellowships in the Medical Sciences of erals. CHARLES M. PARKER. Books Received 541the National Research Council; News from Abroad 523 Science News......... . 10

Scientific Notes and News.526SCIENCE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the officialSpecial Articles: organ of the American Association for the Advancement

The Vitamin Content of Casein: PROFESSOR M. D. of Science. Published by the American Association forCANNON, PROFESSOR R. K. BOUTWELL and PRO- the Advancement of Science every Friday at Lancaster,PESSOR C. A. ELVEHJEM. The Relation of Endo- Pennsylvania.crine Glands to the Gastric Secretory Depressantin Urine (Urogastrone): PROFESSOR JERzY KAUL- Editors: JOSEPHINE OWEN CATTELL and JAQUESBERSZ, PROFESSOR THOMAS L. PATTERSON, DR. CATTELL.DAVID J. SANDWEISS and DR. HARRY C. SALTZ Policy Committee: MALcoLm H. SouLE, ROGER ADAMSSTEIN. Precipitation of Ferric Hydrate by Iron and WALTER R. MILESBacteria: DR. ROBERT L. STARKEY. Short andLong Food Chains among Vegetable Crops: DR. Advertising Manager: THEO. J. CHRISTENSEN.JOHN H. MACGILLIVRAY ....................... 529 Communications relative to articles ofrered for publication

should he addressed to Editors of Science. The Science Press,Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods: Lancaster, Pa.

The DestructionofPyropens b, ~Conimunlestions relative to advertising should be addressedThe Destruction of Pyro~qens by Hydrogen Per- to THEo. CHRISTENsEN, Advertising Manager, American Uni-oxide: PROFESSOR DAN H. CAMPBELL and ARTHUR versity, 3801 Nebraska Ave., NW, Washington 16. D. C.CHERKIN. Stirrer Bearing from Broken Hypo- Communications relative to membersluilb in the Associationdermic: A. B. CRAMER and H. J. WRIGHT . and to all matters of business of the Association should beaddressed to the Permanent Secretary A.A.A.S., Smithsonian

Discussion: Institution Building, Washington 25, i). C.The War and Science in the Philippines: DR. J. Annual subscription, $6.00 Single copies, 15 cents

CONTRIBUTIONS OF MEDICAL RESEARCH INCHEMICAL WARFARE TO MEDICINE1

By Major OSCAR BODANSKY, M.C.MEDICAL DIVISION, CHEMICAL WARFARE SERVICE, EDGEWOOD ARSENAL

IN the war which has just ended only certain aspectsof chemical warfare such as smokes, flame throwers,white phosphorus, incendiaries and fire bombs wereemployed. The toxic gases remained unused. Yetthe potential employment of these substances was aconstant threat throughout the entire course of the.war. We now have abundant evidence that ourenemies were prepared both offensively and defen-sively for the vigorous use of these agents. Theirresearch institutes investigated the toxic propertiesof the agents which had been employed in WorldWar I as well as of other agents which were subse-quently developed. Our enemies studied in greatdetail the methods by means of which these agentscould best be dispersed, and the relation of their

1 Read on October 9, 1945, at the New York Academyof Medicine Graduate Fortnight, Beth Israel HospitalClinic.

effectiveness to varying conditions of terrain andweather; they developed protective devices, first-aidmeasures and methods of treatment.But this country and its allies were at work even

more intensively in these various aspects of chemicalwarfare. England, which was in a particularly vul-nerable position because of her proximity to Ger-many, had maintained an active research group afterWorld War I. When political events indicated theimminence of a second world war, research activitieswere intensified.

It is not the purpose of the present paper to de-scribe the development of chemical warfare researchin this and the Allied countries, but rather to indicatethe contributions of such research to medicine. How-ever, it is relevant in this connection to describebriefly the vast array of scientific forces which weremarshalled in this country to study the toxic and