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Instructional Objective:1.Identify the state of matter. 2Compare the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization
Chapter 3Solids, Liquids, and Gases
States of MatterSolid State
Molecules packed close together, vibrating in place
Molecules in orderly arraignmentLowest amount of thermal energyLowest TemperatureKeeps its shape
States of MatterLiquid State
Molecules moving around, not overcoming their attraction to each other
Molecules not in any sort of orderLower thermal energy than gas, higher than
solidTakes the shape of its container
States of MatterGas State
Molecules moving rapidly, overcoming attraction between them
Molecules not in any sort of orderVery high thermal energySpreads to take the shape of its containerNo fixed volume or shape,
plasma (PLAZ-muh):state of matter made up of electrically charged particlesThe fourth state, plasma, exists at very high temperatures and pressures. Ex: stars , Sun.
which of the following will dissolve the fastest?
+ temp. + temp.-pressure - pressure
SOLID LIQUID GAS
- temp. - temp.+ pressure + pressure
melting boilingevaporation
SOLID LIQUID GASfreezing condensation
DEPOSITION
SUBLIMATION
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
State Changes - H2O
Heat (KJ)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
SOLID
Melting
GAS
LIQUID
Freezing
Condensing
Boiling
Kinetic TheoryIs an explanation of how particles in matter
behave.Has Three assumptions
Three Assumptions of Kinetic theory1.All matter is composed of small
particles(atoms, Molecules and ions)2.The particles are always in a constant
random motion.3.These particles are collide with each other
and the walls of their container.
Thermal Energy
Is the total energy of a material’s particles (Kinetic vibrations) resulting from force that act within or between particles
Ex: Temperature is high-particles vibrates highly.
Temperature is lowered- particles vibrates more slowly
Average Kinetic EnergyTemperature: *is the term used to explain how hot or cold an object is .
* is the average kinetic energy in a substance.
* Explain how fast the particles are moving.
Exothermic reactionHeat is given out during a chemical reaction
Endothermic reactionHeat or energy is used or absorbed during the chemical reaction
TEMPERATUREthe average kinetic energy in the substance; how fast the particles are moving
HEAT OF FUSIONamount of energy needed to change a substance from the solid to the liquid state
HEAT OF VAPORIZATIONamount of energy needed to change a substance from the liquid to the gaseous state
Instructional Objective:1.Identify the state of matter. 2Compare the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization
HEAT OF FUSION LAB1. Add 110 g of ice to beaker2. Place beaker on Hot Plate3. Heat beaker and ice with Hot Plate (7)4. Record temperature every minute until a
majority is evaporated~ VERNIER LAB PRO
5. Repeat above but add 16 g of salt to the 110 g of ice in new beaker.
Your lab write up should have:2 charts1 graph (with both water and salt water)
