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Instructional Strategies. Breanna Bruce Samantha Harter Zachary Krage Elizabeth Peschges Jessica Tollberg. Standard. Standard 4: Instructional Strategies - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Instructional Strategies
Breanna BruceSamantha Harter
Zachary KrageElizabeth Peschges
Jessica Tollberg
StandardStandard Standard 4: Instructional Strategies
H. Use multiple teaching and learning strategies to engage students in active learning opportunities that promote the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and performance capabilities and that help students assume responsibility for identifying and using learning resources.
Instructional Instructional Strategy: Final Strategy: Final
CountdownCountdown Purpose: To engage students in reflecting, evaluating,
and integrating their learning.
Description: This activity emphasized the important role that reflection plays in the learning process. Final Countdown provides learners with a framework for reflection, evaluation, and integration of new knowledge into previously learned material.
ProcedureProcedure
1. Ask students to individually reflect over what they have learned about the topic being reviewed.
2. Using the Final Countdown worksheet, have students write the three most important things they learned about the topic.
3. On the second tier of the Final Countdown, have students write two questions they still have about the topic. These should be questions that they expect to get answers to and will get answers to.
4. Finally, on the top tier of the Final Countdown, have students write one way in which what they have learned relates or connects to material previously learned.
Relating to Content Relating to Content Area: Mini-lessonArea: Mini-lesson
Hearing- is a biological function
Listening- occurs only when we attach meaning to what we hear
Types of listening Discriminative- listening between the lines for meaning conveyed other than through the words
themselves
- Paying attention to verbal and nonverbal cues such as pitch, inflection, sighs, etc.
- Examples: sales pitch, political speeches Comprehensive- listening for understanding
- Examples: class lectures, a doctor giving a diagnosis Appreciative- listening for enjoyment through the works and experiences of others
- Examples: music, being outdoors Empathic- listening to support, help, and empathize with the speaker
- Examples: listening to friend, psychologists Critical- process of hearing, understanding, evaluating, and assigning worth to a message
- Research has shown that students who listen comprehensively without evaluating or reacting will forget most of the material shortly after completing the course
- Examples: listening in class
Complete the Final Countdown
worksheet with a partner
Positives Positives Received individual feedback
Reviews concepts
Encourages curiosity
Makes connections to existing knowledge
NegativesNegatives Does not necessarily increase retention
of concepts
May not be engaging for many students
May not elicit valuable responses from apathetic, unengaged students
May be difficult for students to complete if they do not understand the concepts
Effective?Effective?
Allows for time to answer any remaining questions
Students identify the most important aspects of the lesson
Allows for individual or collaborative learning
Community Based Community Based Learning Learning
School to work experience
Modeling from school to work
Real world learning experiences
Connections with families and community members
Collaboration and team building
Mentor and student relationships
Connect content in the classroom with real life scenarios
Types of Community Types of Community Based LearningBased Learning
1. “Pure” Community Based Learning
2. Discipline-Based Community-Based Learning
3. Problem-Based Learning Community-Based Learning
4. Capstone Courses
Examples of CBLExamples of CBL Service Learning
School to work programs
Experience based Education
Youth Apprenticeships
Big Brothers Big Sisters
Charities
Volunteer work
Positives of CBLPositives of CBL Critical Thinking Skills
Enthusiasm for learning
Better connections for students and communities
Student Mentor Relationships
Decreased drop out rates
Interpersonal skills
Good for a diverse group of learners
Can bring it into the classroom
Barriers and Negatives Barriers and Negatives of CBLof CBL
Lack of funding
Unwillingness to work through logistics and communicate
Lack of team building or commitment from both parties
Application of real world situations
Lack of transportation
National Issues ForumNational Issues Forum Locally sponsored non-partisan forums about public
policy issues
People must come together to reason and talk about common problems
Issues: Health care, immigration, social security, ethnic and racial tension
Lead by trained neutral moderators
Experiential Learning Experiential Learning Inductive, learner centered, and activity orientated
Emphasis: process of learning- not the product
Kinesthetic/Tactile Learners
Benefits students with disabilities and cognitive difficulties
Cycle of 5 phases:
- experiencing (an activity occurs)
- sharing or publishing (reactions and observations are shared)
- analyzing or processing ( patterns and dynamics are determined)
- inferring or generalizing (principles are derived)
- applying (plans are made to use learning in new situations)
Experiential Learning Experiential Learning Circle Circle
Application Application Learning to ride a bicycle:
Reflective observation - Thinking about riding and watching another person ride a bike.
Abstract conceptualization - Understanding the theory and having a clear grasp of the biking concept.
Concrete experience - Receiving practical tips and techniques from a biking expert.
Active experimentation - Leaping on the bike and have a go at it.
Applying the strategy to Applying the strategy to the curriculumthe curriculum
Learning algebra: Abstract conceptualization - Listening to
explanations on what it is. Concrete experience - Going step-by-step
through an equation. Active experimentation - Practicing. Reflective observation - Recording your
thoughts about algebraic equations in a learning log.
Methods of Methods of Experiential LearningExperiential Learning
Field Trips Focused Imaging
Narratives Storytelling
Conducting experiments Games
Simulations Field Observations
Role- playing Model Building
Synectics
Surveys
Field TripsField Trips A structured activity outside the classroom to
develop learning and expose students to the “real” setting of the information being learned
Making field trips effective:
be clear about what the field trip will accomplish
prepare students for the learning
have a debriefing session for students to share their learning when they return to the classroom
Adaptations: Virtual field trips
Experiential Learning Experiential Learning
Tell me, and I will forget. Show me, and I may remember. Involve me, and I will understand. - Confucius, 450 B.C.
Collaborative Learning
A teacher is one who makes himself progressively unnecessary
Thomas Carruthers
Collaborative LearningCollaborative Learning Collaborative learning is an educational
approach to teaching and learning that involves groups of learners working together to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product.
Collaborative learning is based on the idea that learning is a naturally social act in which the participants talk among themselves. It is through the talk that learning occurs.
Hints for Effective CLHints for Effective CL Before the group begins
Expect to learn, enjoy and discover Team up with people you don’t know
As the group begins Make good first impressions Build the team
While the group is learning Get silent members involved Vary the leadership style Don’t assume certain students can’t work together
Wrapping up the group Summarize and review learning Provide feedback to members on their participation Celebrate the groups accomplishments
Mock TrialMock Trial In this activity students reenact the
infamous Chicago 8 trial, in which eight organizers and activists were tried for the first time ever with “conspiracy to travel interstate with the intent to incite, organize, promote, encourage, participate in, and carry out a riot” following the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago
Mock TrialMock Trial
Students will be divided into four groups the Yippies the Mobe the Black Panthers and the Man.
Mock TrialMock Trial After the students learn about the era of the 1960s and
the ideals and evolution of free speech they will be split into groups and learn the positions and motives of the characters in their groups.
Once they have a good understanding of the proceedings and historical context they will participate in the trial procedures. I feel the joy of irreverence will keep the kids engaged throughout this activity.
What is Journal What is Journal Writing?Writing?
Journal writing is a learning tool based on the ideas that students write to learn.
Students use the journals to write about topics of personal interest, to note their observations, and to connect new information with things they already know.
While often used as a class startup activity, it is used primarily to give students an opportunity to speculate on paper, confident that their ideas, observations, and writing will be accepted without criticism.
Benefits of Journal Benefits of Journal Writing in the ClassroomWriting in the Classroom
Journal writing can help to promote memory, when you constantly remind yourself of what occurred during the day, you increase your attention to details.
Journal writing can improve a person's spelling and attention to the details of a sentence. As with any practice, the more you continue on it the better you will become. Even if you are terrible, if you practice enough you will eventually have far better handwriting and spelling.
Sort out experiences, solve problems and consider varying perspectives.
Journal writing can help give students who are quiet a voice in the classroom.
Summarize ideas, experience and opinions before and after instruction.
ActivityActivity Take out a piece of paper and a pencil. Reflect on the
following sentence: I would use journal writing in my classroom by:
A (example one) B (example two) C (example three)
ReferencesReferences(2004-2009). Experiential Learning. Instructional Strategies Online.
Retrieved (2009, October 23) from http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/DE/PD/Instr/experi.html
(2009, October 6). Introduction to community-based learning. Retrieved from http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Community-Based_Learning
(2004-2009). Instructional strategies online. Retrieved from http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/DE/PD/Instr/strats/journal/index.html
Hoss, D. (n.d.). The Benefits of journal writing. Retrieved from http://www.novalearn.com/writing-articles/The_Benefits_of_Journal_Writing.htm
Kelly, M. (1980). Journals in the classroom. Retrieved from http://712educators.about.com/cs/writingresources/a/journals.htm
ReferencesReferences
Kolb, D. (n.d.). Experiential Learning . Infed. Retrieved (2009, October 23) from http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~infed/images/explrn.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~infed/handouts/experiential_learning.htm&h=453&w=705&sz=11&tbnid=75xDs1MiGjPkPM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dexperiential%2Blearning&hl=en&usg=__ECnFkK8fvcHr5NRRBrfaMMEGe_I=&ei=F8_hSp2_OZOKNcKgsJEB&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=6&ct=image&ved=0CB0Q9QEwBQ
National Issues Forum, Initials. (n.d.). National issues forum. Retrieved from http://www.nifi.org/
Neill, J. (2004, December 11). Experiential Learning Cycles. Outdoor Education Research and Evaluation Center, Retrieved from http://wilderdom.com/experiential/elc/ExperientialLearningCycle.htm
Rogers, S., Ludington, J., and Graham, S. (2002). Final countdown. Retrieved from http://its.guilford.k12.nc.us/act/strategies/Final_countdown.htm