Int 9

Grammar 2

Because and since

• We switched on the fan since the afternoon was so hot.

• They don't like the city because they find it too noisy and polluted.

Exercises

• He is angry with us. We ignored him yesterday. (because)

• It was getting late. I decided to spend the night with my aunt on Lark Road. (since)

• I shall have to wake up quite early tomorrow morning. We are leaving at six o'clock. (because)

• They came up to congratulate me. I had won the race. (since)

• There was no one to meet him at the airport. He had told no one when he was returning. (since)

• He had missed the bus. he decided to take a taxi to the office. (since)

(even) though / although

• Sarah / said / didn't / she / even / though / would. / she / come,

• Sarah didn't come, even though she said she would.

• although / we / hardly / ever / city. / them / in / same / see / the / we / live

• We hardly ever see them although we live in the same city.

• coming / when / is / She / don’t / know / although / I / this / exactly / morning

• She is coming this morning although I don't know exactly when.

• expensive, / good, / serves / restaurant / food. / the / though

• The restaurant serves good, though expensive, food.

Unless = If….not

• Unless a new theory emerges = If a new theory does not emerge…

• If you don’t take an IQ test, the company won’t consider your application. (unless)

• Unless you take an IQ test, the company won’t consider your application.

• If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the beach.

• If it is not sunny tomorrow, we won’t go to the beach.

• We’ll go to the beach tommorrow unless it rains.

We won’t go to the beach tomorrow unless it’s sunny.

Unless or provided1. I'm playing basketball

tomorrow unless / providing it's raining.

2. We're going to start painting the wall tomorrow unless / provided it's notraining.

3. You can smoke in here unless / as long as you leave a window open to let thesmoke out.

4. The children can stay here unless / providing they don’t make too much noise.

5. I am going now unless / provided you want me to stay.

6. Mary doesn't trust anyone. She won't lend you any money unless / as long as you promise to pay her back.

As long, provided, unless

1. She is a sweet person …………….. That you don’t contradict her.

2. You can’t borrow my camera ……………… you’re prepared to buy me a new one if you break it.

3. You can borrow my camera …………….. That you buy me a new one if you break it.

PROVIDED

UNLESS

PROVIDED

4. Camping is fun ……………. as you don’t forget the torch and the can-opener.

5. Camping is fun ……………. you forget the torch and the can-opener.

AS LONG

UNLESS

Even though or even if

1) Peter refused the offer _______________ he needed the money.

2) ________________ Mary has a car, she walks to work.

3) James won't sell his car __________________ you offer him a good price.

4) ____________________ the man was blind, he walked to the station.

5) We go running every day, _______________ the weather is bad.