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Introduction to
Integrated Design of
Low-Energy BuildingsProfessor Svend Svendsen
Department of Civil Engineering
Technical University of Denmark
[email protected], www.byg.dtu.dk
mailto:[email protected]://www.byg.dtu.dk/http://www.byg.dtu.dk/mailto:[email protected]
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Content What is that?
Why and why now?
Benefits
How
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Integrated Design of Buildings
What is that? Objects:
Building: Envelope and Technical building systems
Performances: Building services (indoor environment) and energy
use
Economy: Earnings over the life cycle of the building
Optimization: Maximization of life cycle earnings
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Objects Building geometry, envelope and
structures:
Shape and orientation of buildingWalls, base floor, roof
Windows, curtain walls
Solar shading and daylight controldevices
Interior walls, decks, structures
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Objects Technical Building Systems (HVAC)
Ventilation system
Heating system
Cooling system
Lighting systemDomestic hot water system
...
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Performances Building Services
Indoor environment:
Thermal comfort Atmospheric comfort
Visual comfort (dayligth, view)
Acoustic
Transport:
Horizontal, Vertical (lifts)
Etc.:
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Performances Energy use:
Ventilation (fans, controls)
Heating (of rooms)
Cooling
Lighting
Domestic hot waterEquipment (optional in EPBD*-standards)
(* EPBD: Energy Performance of Buildings Directive)
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Economy Earnings over life cycle of building:
All income:
Payment for space in building
Payment for building services
All expenses:
Initial cost / Capital cost
Operating cost (energy, cleaning,
maintenance)
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Optimization Maximization of life cycle earnings:
Main uncertainties:
Future cost of energy
Payment for space and building services
Solutions:
Scenarie analysis,
Risk analysis
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Why and why now? Because the society needs:
sustainable development: low-energy buildings
improved indoor environmentimproved productivity in the building
industry
Because total energy is introduced now in:
the EU-directive on energy performance ofbuildings
national building codes
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Integrated Design of Buildings
EPBD: EU-directive on
Energy Performance of Buildings
Energy performance based on total energy
delivered to the building except equipment Total energy
requirements in natl. building codes
EPBD implemented 2006
Energy requirements revised every 5 year
Energy requirements as strong as possible only
limited by the technology and the economy
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Total energy - Effect on designThe energy performance is
influenced by:
Building geometry
Building (Window) orientation
Thermal & optical data of building parts
Type and data of technical building
systems:Ventilation, heating, cooling, dhw-system
Use and operation of building
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Integrated Design of Buildings
Total energy - Effect on designOptimization of design of
building:
Energy performance as required
Indoor environment as required
Total economy optimized
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Integrated Design of Buildings
BenefitsIntegrated design proces benefits:
Easier to fulfill requirements to indoor
environment and energy use
Better possibilities for optimization of total
economy of building
A possibility for the building sector to
improve performance and productivity
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Integrated Design of Buildings
How Listing of the functional requirements of
buildings
Preparation of space of solutions
Generating design proposals
Optimization analyses and decision pro-
cesses.
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Integrated Design of Buildings
How Focus areas Aims of the Integrated Design Process:
Stimulate cooperation:
The engineer have to perform parameter
analysis and set up a wide space of possible
solutions as input to the architectural design
Make the process efficientAvoid iterations outside the solution
space.
