INTEGRATED FOREST INTEGRATED FOREST PROTECTIONPROTECTION

LEARNING OBJECTIVESLEARNING OBJECTIVES

Principles of IFPPrinciples of IFP

Application of IFP to Application of IFP to NurseriesNurseries

Strategies and Tools for IFP Strategies and Tools for IFP in in ForestsForests

Integrated Forest ProtectionIntegrated Forest Protection

Interdisciplinary (Systems approach)Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) Clear goalsClear goals

Ecological basis Ecological basis Pest interactionsPest interactions Plant Disease TrianglePlant Disease Triangle

Economic (or action) thresholdsEconomic (or action) thresholds Use a variety of tactics and treatments Use a variety of tactics and treatments

in a coordinated approach in a coordinated approach Prevention of pest problemsPrevention of pest problems

Systems ApproachSystems Approach

Pest Management

Forest Management(What are your Goals?)

Ecological BasisEcological Basis

ENVIRONMENT

PLANT DISEASE TRIANGLE

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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HOST

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ENVIRONMENT

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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Economic (or Action) Economic (or Action) ThesholdsThesholds

Economic Thresholdor

Action Threshold

Pes

t P

opul

atio

n D

ensi

ty

Time

Economic Injury Level or

Resource Impact Level

Benefit = Cost

Information Needed to Information Needed to Implement Integrated Forest Implement Integrated Forest

ProtectionProtection Basic biology and ecologyBasic biology and ecology Impact dataImpact data Detection/monitoring systemsDetection/monitoring systems Hazard/risk rating systemsHazard/risk rating systems Treatment alternativesTreatment alternatives

Hazard and Risk Rating Hazard and Risk Rating ModelsModels

HazardHazard = susceptibility = susceptibility suitability of the environment for a suitability of the environment for a

specific pestspecific pest amount of damage that will occur if pest amount of damage that will occur if pest

is presentis present RiskRisk = Hazard + measure of pest = Hazard + measure of pest

abundance and proximityabundance and proximity probability that an infestation will occurprobability that an infestation will occur

Hazard ≠ RiskHazard ≠ Risk

The Forest Insect and The Forest Insect and Pathogen Hazard Rating Pathogen Hazard Rating

System DatabaseSystem Database

Cataloging hundreds of North American Cataloging hundreds of North American Hazard Rating Models Hazard Rating Models

in one cross-referenced Microsoft Access in one cross-referenced Microsoft Access databasedatabase

1: ITX, Inc., Ft. Collins, CO

2: Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Fort Collins, CO

http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/

Andrew McMahan1 Eric L Smith2

ENVIRONMENT

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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ENVIRONMENT

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STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

EARLY DETECTION

EXCLUSION

PREVENTION

PROTECTION

ERADICATION

TOOLSTOOLS PORT OF ENTRY INSPECTIONSPORT OF ENTRY INSPECTIONS AERIAL SURVEYAERIAL SURVEY QUARANTINEQUARANTINE RESISTANCE RESISTANCE SILVICULTURESILVICULTURE SILVICULTURESILVICULTURE SILVICULTURESILVICULTURE

CHAINSAWSCHAINSAWS HOEDADSHOEDADS

FUNGICIDESFUNGICIDES

ENVIRONMENT

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HOST

Integrated Nursery Integrated Nursery ProtectionProtection

Interdisciplinary (Systems approach)Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) Clear goalsClear goals

Ecological basis Ecological basis Pest interactionsPest interactions Plant Disease TrianglePlant Disease Triangle

Economic (or action) thresholdsEconomic (or action) thresholds Use a variety of tactics and treatments Use a variety of tactics and treatments

in a coordinated approach in a coordinated approach Prevention of pest problemsPrevention of pest problems

Interdisciplinary (Systems approach)

Clear goals

ENVIRONMENT

PATHOGEN

HOST

Ecological basis Pest interactionsPlant Disease Triangle

Economic (or action) thresholds

Information Needed to Information Needed to Implement Integrated Forest Implement Integrated Forest

ProtectionProtection Basic biology and ecologyBasic biology and ecology Impact dataImpact data Detection/monitoring systemsDetection/monitoring systems Hazard/risk rating systemsHazard/risk rating systems Treatment alternativesTreatment alternatives

PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT

HOSTENVIRONMENT

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FUMIGATIONSOLARIZATION

FUSARIUM ROOT ROT

Bend Pine NurseryPost-emergence mortality and Pre-sow Fusarium levels

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Fallow Bassica + Sawdust Fumigated Brassica

Per

cen

t M

ort

alit

y

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Fu

sari

um

pp

g

Mortality

Fusarium

Integrated Decay Integrated Decay ManagementManagement

Interdisciplinary (Systems approach)Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) Clear goalsClear goals

Ecological basis Ecological basis Pest interactionsPest interactions Plant Disease TrianglePlant Disease Triangle

Economic (or action) thresholdsEconomic (or action) thresholds Use a variety of tactics and treatments Use a variety of tactics and treatments

in a coordinated approach in a coordinated approach Prevention of pest problemsPrevention of pest problems

ENVIRONMENT

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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ENVIRONMENT

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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MANAGING TREE DECAY

SHORT ROTATIONS

CLEAR CUT HARVEST

AVOID WOUNDING

Pest InteractionsPest InteractionsCompeting Vegetation (-)

Pine Tip Moths (+)

Fusiform Rust (+) Pitch Canker(+)

ENVIRONMENT

STRATEGIES AND TOOLS

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HOSTENVIRONMENT

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ENVIRONMENT

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