INTEGRATING NMT WITH PUBLICTRANSPORT

Ashish Rao GhorpadeICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – South Asia

Pioneers of urban sustainabilityICLEI is a world-leading association of over 1,000 cities, towns,metropolises in 86 countries, committed to building a sustainablefuture.

Road Space for users

• Equity in road space iseasy to talk about buthard to enforce

• If you ever noticed thefootpath. Does it evenexist?

• Walkers outnumberpeople using vehicles inevery Indian city.

• Do city plans havespace for pedestrians ?do urban roads ?

Delhi

Road Space for users

Kolkata

Road Space for usersVarious Cities

Urban Context in India …

Source: World bank report 2004 andhttp://censusindia.gov.in/, Mickensey report on IndiaUrbanization, 2010, and World bank report 2004Po

pula

tion

in m

illio

n

World’s 2nd largest urbansystem (367 million in 2011) after

China

World’s 2nd largest urbansystem (367 million in 2011) after

China

7935 cities and towns in 2011, upfrom 5161 in 2001

About 8 Mega cities

7935 cities and towns in 2011, upfrom 5161 in 2001

About 8 Mega cities

200 cities >2,00,000 populationExpected Urban population 473million (2021) and 820 million

(2051)

200 cities >2,00,000 populationExpected Urban population 473million (2021) and 820 million

(2051)

India’s cities have expanded rapidlyover the last few decades and arelikely to grow faster in the future.Urban India is expected to contribute70 per cent of India’s GDP by 2030.

Growth in last 3 decades

• Population 2.4 times

• Vehicles 26 times

• Number of Traffic fatalities 5 times

But not many institutions to think on howcities and transportation can go in anorganic and integrated fashion.

Comparison of vehicle growth rate withPopulation :1981-2011

4.010.2

26.3

1.0 1.4 1.8 2.4

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

1981 1991 2001 2011

Vehicles

urban population

Source :Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, MoUD Study by Wilbur smith

16% 15% 11%9%

41%

44% 51%57%

43%

42% 38%34%

2007 2011 2021 2031

Public Transport PV+IPT NMT

Increased use of private vehicles: Impact

Reducing NMT Mode Share in BAU

33 33 31 30

45 4331

54

8 14

10

814 10

288

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Mumbai Delhi Chennai Kolakata

Walk +Cycle

Public Transport

Private vehicle

Other

• Various Road user Group :• Private Vehicles owner• Public transport users• Pedestrians• Bicyclists• Other

• Pedestrians dominates themodes share in Indian cities

• Private vehicles• transport less than 13%

of Delhi’s dailycommuters

• Occupies 90 % of theroad space.

What about Mobility of Majority Road users ?

Source: Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, MoUD Study by Wilbursmith ,2008

Mode share in Metro cities

PT +NMT

Pedestrian

57%2 Wheller

15%

Other3%

Car4%

Truck2%

2Wheeler

1%

Bicycle7%

Bus10%

Jeep0%

Impact on NMT usersPedestria

n28%

2 Wheeler27%

Other11%

Car10%

Truck6%

Tempo5%

Bicycle4%

Bus4%

Delhi

Pedestrian38%

2 Wheeler24%

Car12%

Truck8%

Tempo4%

Bicycle4%

Bus5%

Jeep1%

Kolkata

Mumbai

Pedestrian55%

Wheeler27%

Other4%

Car1%

Truck2%

Tempo0%

3 Wheeler5%

Bicycle6%

Bus0%

Jeep0%

Vijayawada

On busy streets, pedestrians and motorcyclists are vulnerable to road traffic injuries

Source: National Crime Record Bureau , 2013

Who can be considered as NMT user

The majority of trips in Indian cities are done on foot

I am and if you get offof your vehicles atany point of yourjourney beforereaching yourdestination, you aretoo

Who can be considered as NMT User

using cycles

Who can be considered as NMT User

Public transport

Need to look at NMT with Public Transport

EVERY PEDESTRIAN IS A POTENTIAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT USER `

However our cities face challenges

Accessibility to Public transport Comfort

Weather Safety for life

Accessibility: reaching public transport station

Improving the NMT environment improves walking distance for Public transport users

NMT :last mile connectivity for Public Transport

Improvements to walking conditions help reaching more population foreach available public transport station

With improved walkingconditions, people are willingto walk longer to reach aPublic Transport Station,thus extending the last mileconnectivity

Comfort

Why cant cities design facilitate such facilities? Comfort during change in mode

?

Indian weather : How comfortable is NMT

Comfort :Cycling in Scorching Heat

Safety :Access to public transport

think about the differently abled, can they safely use our infrastructure?

who would walk here?

Safety: Bus Stands

NMT users account for over half of all roadfatalities in metro cities

•

Aspiration for private motorised vehicles

While NMT still continues to be:

• Unsafe• Issues of Last mile connectivity• No priority in road space• Absence of basic Infrastructure• Prone to extreme weather

Motorised Vehicles Provides better regulatedcomfort in terms of :• Safety• Weather extremes• Flexibility• Road Space Priority & infrastructure• End to End Connectivity

Aspiration

No doubt .. NMT is not considered to be a mode of choice

Issues are known to all but few acted

Existing opportunity to act for Indian cities

Smart cities Mission

100 cities

Central Allocation ofINR 48000 Crore

Smart citieschallenge in

progress

AMRUT : AtalMission for Rejuvenation and

Urban Transformation

500 towns

Central Allocation ofINR 50000 Crore

ImplementationStarted

HRIDAY : Heritage CityDevelopment & Augmentation

Yojna

12 cities

Mission Launched

ImplementationStarted

Ministry of Urban Development with State and Local Governments

Smart Cities Programmes

RetrofittingORRedevelopmentORGreenfielddevelopment

Physical ,socialand InstitutionalgovernanceAr

ea B

ased

Dev

elop

men

tPan C

ity initiative

•Provide Universal accessibility•Improve Last mile connectivity•Provide NMT infrastructure - walkability•Provide & Improve Public transport•Integrated Multi-Modal Transport

Focus Area

AMRUT

Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and

Urban Transformation

•Budget Outlay :50000 Crores over next

5 years

•Cities : 500 Towns with all 1 lakhs

population, town along the river.

Focus Area on Mobility

•Improved Pedestrian facilities

•Improve Non motorised transport

facilities

•Promote & Improve Public transport

•Develop parking management strategies

HRIDAY

Heritage City Development and

Augmentation Yojna

Budget Outlay :500 Crores till March

2017

•Cities : 12 pilot cities.

Focus Area related to mobility

•Improved Accessibility in the core

city/Heritage sensitive area

•Improve pedestrian facilities

Street design – planned, reservedspacesCyclists mix with High Speed vehicles

Drainage No Median Refuge

No Footpath Parking

Poles & wires

Source: SGA

4 lane carriageway

Cycle track Vending Spaces

Barrier free footpath Median Refuge

Poles & wires

Sign boards

Lighting

Street design – planned, reserved spaces

Source: SGA

• EcoMobility is“..about creating cities where a shorttrip can be fulfilled without using amotorised mode.

EcoMobility aims to create cities wherethe air is clean and the road is shared bybicycles, pedestrians, buses and cars in asafe and environmentally friendly way.EcoMobility creates cities that do notdiscriminate its people based on theirage, social status or means of transport”

Shared orrented car*

‚Passenging‘(public transport)

Cycling,wheeling

Walking

12

3

4

Shift towards EcoMobility

Ecomobile city = liveable city

* Provided small electric city carspowered by renewables are used

• Time to act!

Thank you

• Support to smart cities- Raj and AP• HRIDAY Plan for Amravati• SOLUTIONS – EU for cochin• Governance – Urban Mobility – CEE/WRI etc