INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEMINTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Chapter 5

THE INTEGUMENT AND ITS THE INTEGUMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TORELATIONSHIP TOMICROORGANISMSMICROORGANISMS

• Most skin bacteria are associated with hair follicles or sweat glands where nutrients and moisture are present

• The best way to prevent disease is by washing the hands

SKIN CANCERSKIN CANCER

• Basal cell carcinoma is the most common and least malignant skin cancer

• Squamous cell carcinoma occurs in the epidermis and grows rapidly

• Malignant melanoma is present in pigmented cells called melanocytes

BURNSBURNS

• Burns are the result of radiation from sun, heat, boiling water, steam, fire, chemicals, and electricity

BURNSBURNS

• Classification of burns– First degree burns

•epidermis

– Second degree burns•epidermis and dermis

– Third degree burns•destruction of epidermis, dermis, and

subcutaneous

SKIN LESIONSSKIN LESIONS

• Pressure Ulcers (Decubitus) are the result of constant pressure against an area of tissue that lies over a bone

SKIN LESIONSSKIN LESIONS

• 4 Stages of pressure ulcers are:– Stage I - skin is red but unbroken– Stage II - blisters; broken or

unbroken– Stage III - all layers of skin are

broken– Stage IV - ulcerated area involves

underlying muscles, tendons, and bones

Lesion Char Size LocationBulla Fluid-

filled area

>10 mm Large blister

Macule Flat area, skin changes in color

< 1cm Freckle, petechia

Nodule Elevated solid area

> 10 mm

wart

Lesion Char Size LocationPapule Elevated

solid area5 mm or <

Elevated mole (nevus)

Pustule

Discrete pus filled raised area

Varies Acne

Ulcer Deep loss of skin surface, may extend to dermis

Varies Venous stasis ulcer, decubitus

Lesion Char Size LocationTumor Solid

abnormal mass of cells

> 1-2 cm

Benign, basal cell carcinoma

Vesicle small blister

Fluid-filled raised area

10 mm or <

Chickenpox, herpes simplex

Wheal Itchy, temp. elevated

Varies Hives, insect bites

REPRESENTATIVE REPRESENTATIVE DISORDERS OF THE SKINDISORDERS OF THE SKIN

• Acne vulgaris • Athlete’s foot• Dermatitis• Eczema• Impetigo• Psoriasis• Ringworm

• Urticaria (hives)

• Boils• Herpes• Genital herpes• Shingles

(herpes zoster)