Interference Analysis -Main Report

8/12/2019 Interference Analysis -Main Report

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Report to:

Ministry of Economic Development

Interference analysis:

For the proposed re-planning of the band 806 960 MHz

Ian Goodwin

2008, December 22


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1 Executive summary

The Ministry is proposing a possible re-planning of the 806 - 960 MHz band. This report analyses

the potential interference between services across four frequency boundaries in the plan. The

proposed band assignments are illustrated in the terms of reference for this study, in Annex 2 to

this report.

Potential interference is analysed in both directions across each boundary, between the alternative

technologies that can operate in each band. There are a total of 14 such interference paths across

the four boundaries.

To be conservative, each interference analysis uses worst case parameters. The criterion for

acceptable interference is a 1 dB increase in the noise plus interference in the victim receiver noise

floor, as used in many spectrum sharing and coordination methodologies in ITU-R studies. This

approach results in relatively large separation distances being required to meet the 1 dB noise floor

elevation criterion. Where the affected service is an interference limited as opposed to a noise

limited system, higher interference can generally be tolerated, such as in simplex land mobile and

cellular systems. In the case of short range devices operating in an uncontrolled band under a

GURL, interference free operation is not guaranteed, and users of such devices expect to be in an

uncontrolled RF environment with higher levels of interference than licensed spectrum users

expect.

935 MHz STL impact on GSM / W-CDMA and vice versa

At the 935 MHz boundary, studio to transmitter links and GSM / W-CDMA cellular systems should

be able to co-exist on each side of the boundary without the need for a guard band. On occasion

some STLs may need to avoid the top channel, however this can be engineered at the time of

licensing.

The report notes a need to tailor the power floor of the cellular management right to accommodate

the out of band emissions of STL licences for the top STL channel, in a similar way to how

management rights have tailored protection levels to accommodate neighbouring management

right AFELs and hence neighbouring spectrum licence UELs.

915 MHz SRD (GUL) impact on GSM / W-CDMA and vice versa

The analysis shows a large separation distance is required for SRDs to operate within a few

hundred kHz of the 915 MHz boundary with GSM, but SRDs should be able to operate with W-CDMA

and in the remainder of the proposed SRD band with GSM. However there is serious concern about

the potential impact of multiple SRD devices such as future check-out counter scanners impacting

on GSM base station receivers as these and other new SRD products become more common.


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Noting that the use of this band for SRDs originates in USA where there are no adjacent GSM

bands, it is suggested that the administration of this band for SRDs in countries that also use

GSM900 should be studied to better understand and manage the issues.

870 MHz SRD (GUL) impact on CDMA2000 and W-CDMA and vice versa

Whereas the analysis shows that large separation distances are required for SRDs to operate next

to CDMA2000 and W-CDMA above 870 MHz, a second analysis based on the adjacent channel level

tolerance of CDMA2000 mobile receivers indicates that quite small separation distances would be

sufficient. Because simplex land mobile currently operates satisfactorily up to 869 MHz, we can

conclude that SRDs could also. However without testing, we can only surmise that they may also

be able to operate right up to the 870 MHz cellular boundary.

819/820 MHz Simplex land mobile impacting on SRD (GUL) and vice versa

The analysis suggests that simplex land mobile can probably operate satisfactorily in the

819 - 820 MHz band adjacent to SRDs, however it is noted that one trunk mobile vendors product

operating in the 800 MHz TS bands cannot operate its simplex mode in the 819 - 820 MHz band,

and other vendors products should be checked to see if simplex products are available.


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2 Contents

1 Executive summary ........................................................................................................ 2

2 Contents ....................................................................................................................... 4

Interfaces requiring analysis ............................................................................................... 5

Summary of transmit and receive paths requiring analysis ..................................................... 6

Glossary........................................................................................................................... 7

3 Interference analysis....................................................................................................... 8

1a) 935 MHz - STL transmit into GSM MS receive.......................................................... 8

1b) 935 MHz - STL transmit into W-CDMA MS receive.................................................. 12

1c) 935 MHz - GSM BS transmit into STL receive ........................................................ 15

1d) 935 MHz - W-CDMA BS transmit into STL receive .................................................. 18

2a) 915 MHz - SRD transmit into GSM BS receive ....................................................... 21

2b) 915 MHz - SRD transmit into W-CDMA BS receive ................................................. 25

2c) 915 MHz - GSM MS transmit into SRD receive....................................................... 27

2d) 915 MHz - W-CDMA MS transmit into SRD receive................................................. 29

3a) 870 MHz - SRD transmit into CDMA2000 MS receive.............................................. 31

3b) 870 MHz - SRD transmit into W-CDMA 800 MS receive........................................... 34

3c) 870 MHz - CDMA2000 BS transmit into SRD receive .............................................. 36

3d) 870 MHz - W-CDMA 800 BS transmit into SRD receive ........................................... 38

4a) 819/820 MHz - SRD transmit into simplex land mobile receive ............................. 40

4b) 819/820 MHz - Simplex land mobile transmit into SRD receive............................. 424 Annex 1 - Reference data ............................................................................................ 44

GSM .............................................................................................................................. 44

W-CDMA ........................................................................................................................ 48

CDMA2000 ..................................................................................................................... 54

Short Range Devices (SRD) .............................................................................................. 56

5 Annex 2 Terms of Reference...................................................................................... 67


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Summary of transmit and receive paths requiring analysis

System MS Tx MS Rx BS Tx BS Rx

GSM 2c 1a 1c 2a

W-CDMA(900MHz)

2d 1b 1d 2b

CDMA2000 - 3a 3c -

W-CDMA(800MHz)

- 3b 3d -

SimplexLand Mobile

4b 4a n/a n/a

System Tx Rx

STL 1a, 1b 1c, 1d

SRD 2a, 2b3a, 3b

4a

2c, 2d3c, 3d

4b


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Glossary

1G 1stGeneration cellular mobile system, e.g. GSM or AMPS

3G 3RDGeneration cellular system, e.g.: IMT, UMTS, W-CDMA, CDMA2000

3GPP 3RDGeneration Partnership Protocol standard for W-CDMA

3GPP2 3RDGeneration Partnership Protocol 2 standard for CDMA2000

BS Base Station (BS), or Base Transceiver Station (BTS), or Node-B

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CDMA2000 IMT compliant standard using CDMA and defined by 3GPP2

C/I Carrier to Interference power ratio

GSM Group System for Mobiles. 1G digital cellular mobile standard

IMT International Mobile Telecommunications. ITU-R name for 3G

ITU-R International Telecommunications Union Radio sector

MS Mobile Station or user terminal or UE

SRD Short Range Device

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

UE User Equipment. Mobile station user terminal

W-CDMA Wideband CDMA. IMT compliant standard using CDMA and defined by 3GPP


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3 Interference analysis

1a) 935 MHz - STL transmit into GSM MS receive

The physical separation necessary to avoid unacceptable interference has been calculated for

combinations of frequency offset between the STL and GSM carriers and different azimuths from

the STL transmit antenna bore-sight. The calculated necessary separation distances are tabulated

below. At the end of this section is a calculation sheet showing the calculation for one of these

table entries.

Physical separation required to avoid interference

Angle from STLbore-sight

Df = 200 kHz Df = 400 kHz Df = 600 kHz

0-17 580,000 m 20,000 m 14,000 m

17-90 91,000 m 3,100 m 2,500 m

90-180 81,000 m 2,750 m 2,000 m

The STL antenna characteristics used in the calculation are:

STL Ant. model RFS YS15W 16 element Yagi

G mid 15 dBi

Beam width 35 DegFr to Bk 17 dB

The analysis of acceptable separation distance is based on the criterion of the acceptable

interference threshold. The acceptable interference threshold is when the total interference power

spectral density within the victim channel is 6 dB below the victim receiver noise floor, including the

receiver noise figure. (This psd based criterion is used because the bandwidth of the STL interferer

is greater than the GSM bandwidth.)

The calculation for the above table takes account of both transmitter adjacent channel leakage ratio(ACLR) and receive channel selectivity. It also takes account of the STL antenna azimuth

discrimination, and the relative bandwidths of the STL and GSM systems. The calculation sheet

shown below is populated with values for greater than 90 degrees from bore-sight and for 600 kHz

separation.

The analysis uses the most common STL antenna: RFS model YS15W, 16 element Yagi

The STL power is +23 dBW eirp.


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Although the STL channel raster is 250 kHz and the GSM raster 200 kHz, the analysis assumes the

STL assignment is centred on one of the GSM channels, hence the channel separation in reality

would be 25% greater than in the analysis.

Although the analysis shows the distance separation needed for the combined ACLR and ACS

interference mechanisms to not exceed a level 6 dB below the GSM receiver noise floor, the out-of-

band emissions of the STL are approximately 9 dB below the MPIS where they fall co-channel into

the GSM receiver. This may be because the analysis uses a conservative value of 5 dB for the GSM

MS receiver noise figure.

The values for the ACS of the GSM MS receiver are interpreted from the ETSI specification for GSM,

and are thought to be very conservative. The GSM receiver noise figure is not given in

ETSI 300 910 so a conservative figure of 5 dB is used in this analysis. By comparison the W-CDMA

MS noise figure given in 3GPP standard TR 25.942 V7.0.0 is 9 dB. Hence the physical separation

distances in the above table may be 4 dB, (or 60%) greater than would be needed with a 9 dB

noise figure.

This analysis is also conservative in analysing the interference path as a free space loss, whereas

urban paths would include clutter and often building penetration loss which are not included in this

analysis. The STL antenna HRP template used in the analysis is simplified to assume maximum

bore sight gain throughout the 35 degree beam width, and uniform 0 dB gain between the main

beam and 90 degrees, then 17 dB below bore-sight from 90 to 180 degrees. The template

describes the maximum gain for antenna lobes, and in reality, much of the actual antenna gain lies

below the level of the lobe peaks.

Conclusion

Apart from the fact that the closest separation that an STL can be from a GSM assignment is

225 kHz, the first adjacent channel separation is unlikely to occur in reality, with both the STL

being assigned the top channel and a GSM cell in the same location using the lowest channel. The

200 kHz separation case can therefore be ignored. Within the bore-sight (0-17 degrees) the

necessary separation distance for GSM MS to receive no harmful interference, when operating at

the margin of coverage and using the two GSM channels closest to the band edge, is 14 to 20 km

from the STL transmitter. STLs generally transmit from the roof of a studio or neighbouring high

building and are directed to the broadcast transmitter on a suitable mountain. The STLs

0-17 degree bore-sight cone is unlikely to impact other buildings or ground level within a close

distance of the STL transmitter.

Therefore it is considered that the STL to GSM interaction across the 935 MHz boundary is not likely

to require a guard band.


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A licensing issue at the 935 MHz boundary

There is a need to cater for out-of-band emissions of both the cellular transmitters above 935 MHz

and the STL transmitters below. Where management rights are adjacent, there are usually AFELs

and corresponding contoured protection levels in the adjacent management right to accommodate

the AFEL. Spectrum licences created in a management right can then have their necessary

unwanted emission limits (UELs) overlapping into the neighbouring management right provided of

course that the mandatory technical compatibility considerations have been taken.

Where a management right bounds on spectrum under the radio licence regime, spectrum licences

can have UELs provided the management right has the necessary AFELs. A radio licence on the

other hand does not generally have a facility to operate with its out-of-band emissions overhanging

into a management right if they would be above the power floor, which is generally -50 dBW per

reference bandwidth.

To cater for radio licence out of band (OOB) emissions such as for STLs below 935 MHz, the

management right immediately above the boundary should have a suitably shaped elevated power

floor to cater for the radio licence, in the same way that the management rights suitably shaped

and elevated protection limit at the other boundary, caters for the neighbouring management

rights AFELs and subsequent spectrum licence UELs.


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1a) 935 MHz - STL into GSM MS calculation for bore-sight, 200 kHz 1stadjacent channel.

Interference calculation (1a) STL into GSM MS Rx

Legend

Input cells InfoMain output cells Intermediate results

Useful constants linear dB

Vel of light Vc 3.00E+08 m/s 169.54 dBm2

.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23 J/deg -228.60 dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293 deg K 24.67 dB deg K

Space impedance Zo 3.77E+02 Ohms 25.76 dB Ohms

Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi.4 12.56637061 10.99dB

Path length Dist 2,000 metres 66.02 dB(metres2)

Azimuth (A to B) AzAB #VALUE! deg. True

Azimuth (B to A) AzBA #VALUE! deg. True

Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up

Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx

Frequency A fA 934.8750 MHz 179.42 dB Hz2

Occupied bandwidth A BWA 0.2500 MHz 53.98 dB Hz

Transmit Basepower PTx 6W 8.00 dBW

Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dB

Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -2dB} 0.00 dB

Tx Ant Gain G Tx 15.00 dBi

Tx Ant Boresight AzAA 0Deg. From bore-sight

Rx Ant HRP at (AzAB) GRxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} -17.00 dB

Rx Ant VRP at (AzAB) GRxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dB

Tx ACLR at fB(OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} -60.00 dB

Radiated power at fA Peirp 3.98 Weirp 6.00 dBWeirp

Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.000003981 Weirp -54.00 dBWeirp

Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 15.92 Weirp/MHz 12.02 dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.000015924 Weirp/MHz -47.98 dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B GSM MS Rx

Frequency B fB 935.2000 MHz 179.42 dB Hz2

Receiver bandwidth B BWB 0.2000 MHz 53.01 dB HzLicence MPIS MPIS 23.00 dBuV/m

Rx Ant Gain GRx 0.00 dBi

Rx Ant Boresight AzBB n/a Deg. True

Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A AzB0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight

Rx Ant HRP at (AzBA) GRxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dBr

Rx Ant VRP at (AzBA) GRxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dBr

Rx feeder loss LRx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dB

Rx filter loss fA(ACS) LRxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -2dB} -67.00 dB

Rx filter&duplexer loss fB LRxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dB

Receiver noise figure FB 5.00 dB

Receiver noise floor psd N0 -198.93 dBW.Hz-1

Receiver noise floor power in BWB NB -145.92 dBW

In front of the Rx antenna. ..

PSFDAat Rx at fA psfdA {Free space} -64.99dBW.m-2

.MHz-1

PSFDAat Rx at fB psfdB {Free space} -124.99dBW.m-2

.MHz-2

Field strength in BWBat fB EfB 13.78 dBuV.m-1

Equiv. boresight Field Strength at fB EfB_0 13.78 dBuV.m-1

EfB_0 relative to MPIS {For CCI compliance it should be -ve} -9.22dB

At the receiver input...

Received psd at fA PSDA -212.86 dBW.Hz-1

Received psd at fB PSDB -205.86 dBW.Hz-1

Total received equiv.co-channel psd PSDRx -205.07 dBW.Hz-1

PSD above noise floor Margin 0 -6.13 dB

PSD above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.13 dB


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1b) 935 MHz - STL transmit into W-CDMA MS receive



Df = 2.5 7.5 MHz Df = 7.5 12.5 MHz

0-17 46,000 m 14,650 m

17-90 8,200 m 2,600 m

90-180 6,550 m 2,070 m

In the table, Df separations are the carrier-to-carrier spacing between W-CDMA and STL interferer.

The acceptable interference threshold in this analysis is when the total interference power within

the victim channel is 6 dB below the victim receiver noise floor, including the receiver noise figure.

Because the 3GPP standard for UE terminal receiver adjacent channel selectivity is only given as

-33 dB for the 1st adjacent 5 MHz channel, we have inferred the filter characteristics from the UE

transmitter ACLR filter response which is -33 dB for the 1st and -43 dB for the 2nd adjacent

channel ACLR. Hence we have assumed the second adjacent channel ASC is also -43 dB.

The physical separation distances resulting from the analysis are relatively large. As with analysis

1a for GSM, the interference within the 0-17 degree cone around the bore-sight can generally be

ignored. However the remaining values between a nominal 8 km and 2 km seem excessive. In

addition to the factors discussed in the GSM case (1a), other factors that are not taken into accountin the simplified and conservative analysis for the above table will significantly reduce the actual

separation distances.

The W-CDMA cellular network can re-use the same channel for neighbouring cell sites because the

CDMA modulation rejects the signals from the other sites that have different spreading codes, due

to the benefits of the CDMA processing gain. These other W-CDMA cell sites appear as intra-

system interference. Consequently, the W-CDMA system is interference limited, not noise limited,

and hence using a criterion for acceptable interference threshold at 6 dB below the receiver noise

floor is very conservative.

Given the above mitigating factors, it is safe to expect the separation distances to be much less

than the conservative figures in the above table.

There would be little benefit to gain from proposing the use of a guard band between STL and

W-CDMA services, because the adjacent channel selectivity of the W-CDMA receiver does not seem

to drop off steeply. ETSI TS 25.101 only gives the first channel ACS for the UE receiver at -33 dB.

This is a 5 MHz wide channel. However we can infer the likely slope of W-CDMA RF filters from the

W-CDMA transmitter ACS response which is also -33 dB for the 1

st

adjacent channel, and -43 dB for


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the 2ndadjacent channel. This slope of approximately 10 dB per 5 MHz suggests there would not

be much benefit from using guard bands in the 250 kHz STL raster.

Conclusion

It is considered that the interaction of STL and W-CDMA across the 935 MHz boundary would

benefit little from introducing a guard band.


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1b) 935 MHz - STL into W CDMA MS - Calculation for >90 from STL antenna bore-sight, 2nd

adjacent channel

Interference calculation (1b) STL into W-CDMA MS Rx

Legend



Vel of light Vc 3.00E+08 m/s 169.54dBm2

.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23 J/deg -228.60dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293 deg K 24.67dB deg K

Space impedance Zo 3.77E+02 Ohms 25.76dB Ohms






Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL TxFrequency A fA 929.1250MHz 179.36dB Hz

2

Occupied bandwidth A BWA 0.2500MHz 53.98dB Hz

Transmit Basepower PTx 6W 8.00dBW

Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dB

Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -2dB} 0.00dB

Tx Ant Gain G Tx 15.00dBi


Rx Ant HRP at (AzAB) GRxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} -17.00dB

Rx Ant VRP at (AzAB) GRxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dB

Tx ACLR at fB(OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} -60.00dB

Radiated power at fA Peirp 3.98Weirp 6.00dBWeirp

Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.000003981Weirp -54.00dBWeirp

Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 15.92Weirp/MHz 12.02dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.000015924Weirp/MHz -47.98dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA MS Rx

Frequency B fB 937.5000MHz 179.44dB Hz2

Receiver bandwidth B BWB 3.8400MHz 65.84dB HzLicence MPIS MPIS 9.00dBuV/m

Rx Ant Gain GRx 0.00dBi



Rx Ant HRP at (AzBA) GRxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dBr

Rx Ant VRP at (AzBA) GRxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dBr

Rx feeder loss LRx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dB

Rx filter loss fA(ACS) LRxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -2dB} -43.00dB

Rx filter&duplexer loss fB LRxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dB

Receiver noise figure FB 9.00dBReceiver noise floor psd N0 -194.93dBW.Hz

-1

Receiver noise floor power in BWB NB -129.09dBW

In front of the Rx antenna...


.MHz-1


.MHz-2


Received power at fA IA -135.20dBW.

Received power at fB IB -152.12dBW.

Total received equiv.co-channel power IRx -135.11dBW.

IRxabove noise floor Margin 0 -6.02 dB

IRxabove -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.02 dB


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1c) 935 MHz - GSM BS transmit into STL receive

Physical separation required to avoid interferenceAngle from

STL bore-sightDf = 250 kHz Df = 500 kHz Df = 750 kHz Df = 1,000 kHz

0-17 3,200,000 m 170,000 m 150,000 m 144,000 m

17-90 570,000 m 29,500 m 26,700 m 25,600 m

90-180 455,000 m 23,500 m 21,500 m 20,400 m

This analysis uses the same STL antenna as used in case 1a.

Unlike cases 1a and 1b where it was argued that the interference within the 0 to 17 degree cone

from the STL transmitter within an urban building-top location could be ignored, in this case the

STL receiver is on a hill top, looking down on the urban area where the STL up-link would typically

be located. Many GSM cell sites in that urban area would be visible from the STL receiver location

within the +/- 17 degree beam. Even at the fourth adjacent STL channel from the GSM edge

channel, where the GSM out-of-band emission limit is -78 dB with respect to the GSM in-channel

psd, the necessary separation is excessive when GSM base stations are in the bore-sight cone.

Increasing beyond this 1,000 kHz carrier separation would yield little improvement.

STL operators may be able to mitigate the noise increase that they would experience from GSM

base stations by operating with a higher fade margin than would otherwise be necessary for the

path. Use of horizontal polarisation would offer approximately 15 dB or so cross polar

discrimination.

In the analysis, the ACS of STL receivers is assumed to be approximately 60 dB. However this may

be better in practice. Between the present STL band upper limit (935 MHz) and the present GSM

band which currently is used only down to 939 MHz, there is a 4 MHz guard band. This would offer

limited additional protection from the GSM out-of-band emission, which would improve by

approximately 7 dB with respect to the 1,000 kHz out-of-band emission. The fact that current STL

links operate satisfactorily in the presence of todays GSM assignments, suggests that the STL ACS

performance is much higher than the 60 dB used in this analysis. Because the SGM transmitter

ACLR is 18 dB better than the assumed ACS of the STL receiver at the 1,000 kHz carrier separation,

higher performance STL receiver input filters would yield up to 18 dB improvement in net ACS

interference rejection beyond the calculated values, and a corresponding decrease in net received

ACIR interference power, and hence a reduction in the necessary separation distance.

The GSM base station power used in the analysis is +28 dBW eirp. This is the maximum for power

class 1 which is more typical of rural base stations serving large cell areas with low population


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densities. High customer densities in urban areas results in smaller cell sizes with lower powers,

however this advantage is balanced by the greater number of cell sites that will be in the main

beam of the STL receive antenna.

Conclusion

Considering the high level of interference to STLs from GSM base stations, viable use of the band

by STLs would rely on high performance receiver input filters, higher receive input levels to counter

the erosion of the fade margin due to interference power, and horizontal polarisation. STLs in

urban areas should inevitably avoid using the edge channel adjacent to the GSM band, except for

shorter paths where better C/I would result in a viable link.


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1c) 935 MHz - GSM BS into STL - Calculation for >90 from the STL receiver bore-sight and

1 MHz carrier separation

Interference calculation (1c) GSM BS Tx to STL Rx

Legend




.s-2









Site A (Tx) Site-name_A GSM BS TxFrequency A fA 935.2000MHz 179.42dB Hz

2


Transmit Basepower PTx 631 W 28.00dBW





Rx Ant HRP at (AzAB) GRxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00dB




Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.000010000Weirp -50.00dBWeirp

Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 3,154.79 Weirp/MHz 34.99dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.000050000Weirp/MHz -43.01dBW.MHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B STL Rx


Receiver bandwidth B BWB 0.2500MHz 53.98dB HzLicence MPIS MPIS -110.00 dBm




Rx Ant HRP at (AzBA) GRxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} -17.00dBr





Receiver noise figure FB 4.00dBReceiver noise floor psd N0 -199.93dBW.Hz

-1




.MHz-1


.MHz-2


Received power at fA IA -152.04dBW.

Received power at fB IB -170.05dBW.

Total received equiv.co-channel power IRx -151.97dBW.

IRxabove noise floor Margin 0 -6.02 dB

IRxabove -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.02 dB


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1d) 935 MHz - W-CDMA BS transmit into STL receive



Df = 2.65 2.715 MHz Df = 3.515 4.0 MHz

(STL = 934.875 MHz) (STL = 933.875 MHz)

0-17 18,300 m 5,300 m

17-90 3,300 m 940 m

90-180 2,600 m 750 m

The lower power spectral density of W-CDMA compared to GSM results in much lower interference

levels and manageable separation distances.

The W-CDMA standard TS 25.104 gives the maximum power for medium range W-CDMA base

stations as


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Conclusion

No guard bands are considered necessary for STL links and W-CDMA base stations to operate in

adjacent bands.


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2a) 915 MHz - SRD transmit into GSM BS receive

Two scenarios are considered: A single SRD operated in close proximity to a GSM BS receiver

A large population of SRD devices distributed randomly throughout the urban environment.

As listed in Annex 1 of this report, (from Recommendation ITU-R SM.1538), there are many types

of SRD device, and many more are likely to be invented. There are also a number of regulatory

and standards references to consider:

Maximum power in band 915 - 921 MHz

Reference Parameter Power Interpreted (dBW eirp)

GURL (SRDs)Telemetry &

Telecommand+3mW -27 dBW eirp

ETSI EN 300 220-1 Social alarms (class A) >2mW to 10 mW erp < -18 dBW eirp

Although Class A social alarms in the ETSI spec may operate up to -18 dBW eirp, this would exceed

the GURL limit. It is presumed therefore that no higher than ETSI classes B, C or D could be

operated in New Zealand. Hence a value of -27 dBW eirp is used in this analysis.

Unwanted emissions adjacent to the band 915 - 921 MHz

Reference Parameter Power or psdInterpreted

(dBW eirp / 100 kHz)

MED RadiocommsNotice 2007

30 1,000 MHz -56 dBW eirp / 100 kHz -56 dBW eirp / 100 kHz

AS.NZS4771:2000Spurious emissions

(narrow band)-36 dBm -66 dBW eirp / 100 kHz

AS.NZS4771:2000Spurious emissions

(wide band)-86 dBm / Hz -66 dBW eirp / 100 kHz

AS.NZS4771:2000Footnote:

In NZ, OOB shall not

exceed:-

-55 dBW eirp -55 dBW eirp / 100 kHz

It is presumed that although the MED Radiocommunications (Radio Standards) Notice 2007 refers

to AS/NZS 4771 as an applicable standard for spread spectrum devices, and the standard allows

only -36 dBm for spurious emissions, (i.e. -66 dBW eirp / 100 kHz.) The footnote to that standard

implies that for New Zealand, a higher level of -55 dBW spurious emissions is permitted. This is

1 dB higher than the Radiocommunications Notice 2007 allows, (-56 dBw / 100kHz), however this

analysis uses the value of -55 dBW eirp / 100 kHz to be more conservative with respect to potential

interference. (The reference bandwidth is presumed to be 100 kHz in accordance with Rec. ITU-R

SM.329.) As a worst case, we assume the SRD is a wide band device such as one using frequency


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24

2a) 915 MHz - SRD into GSM BS - Single SRD at GURL maximum power

Interference calculation (2a) SRD into GSM BS Rx

Legend



Vel of light Vc 3.00E+08m/s 169.54dBm2

.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23J/deg -228.60dBJ.deg-1


Space impedance Zo 3.77E+02Ohms 25.76dB Ohms






Site A (Tx) Site-name_A SRD Tx

Frequency A fA 918.0000MHz 179.26dB Hz2


Transmit Basepower PTx 0.002W -27.00 dBW








Radiated power at fA Peirp 0.00Weirp -27.00 dBWeirp

Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.000189671Weirp -37.22 dBWeirp

Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 0.00Weirp/MHz -44.78 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.000003161Weirp/MHz -55.00 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B GSM BS Rx


Receiver bandwidth B BWB 0.2000MHz 53.01dB HzLicence MPIS MPIS dBuV/m









Receiver noise figure FB 5.00dB

Receiver noise floor psd N0 -198.93dBW.Hz-1




.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2

Field strength in BWBat fB EfB 4.50dBuV.m-1

Equiv. boresight Field Strength at fB EfB_0 4.50dBuV.m-1


Received psd at fA PSDA -261.73dBW.Hz-1

Received psd at fB PSDB -204.98dBW.Hz-1

Total received equiv.co-channel psd PSDRx -204.98dBW.Hz-1




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25

2b) 915 MHz - SRD transmit into W-CDMA BS receive

Because the SRD device used in the model has a 6 MHz wideband signal, the out-of-band emissions

are wider than both the GSM bandwidth analysed in case 2a above, and the 3.84 MHz W-CDMAchannel. Hence the power spectral density arriving in the base station receiver in both the GSM

and W CDMA cases are the same. The following analysis sheet shows the same 8,200 m separation

distance is required for W-CDMA.

Conclusions

The conclusions for this W-CDMA case (2b) are the same as for the previous GSM case (2a).


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26

2b) 915 MHz - SRD into W-CDMA BS -

Interference calculation (2b) SRD into W-CDMA BS Rx

Legend




.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23 J/deg -228.60 dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293 deg K 24.67 dB deg K


Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi.4 12.56637061 10.99 dB








Transmit Basepower PTx 0.002W -27.00 dBW





Rx Ant HRP at (AzAB) GRxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dB



Radiated power at fA Peirp 0.00Weirp -27.00 dBWeirp

Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.000189671 Weirp -37.22 dBWeirp


eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.000003161 Weirp/MHz -55.00 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx


Receiver bandwidth B BWB 3.8400 MHz 65.84 dB HzLicence MPIS MPIS dBuV/m










Receiver noise floor psd N0 -198.93 dBW.Hz-1


In front of the Rx an tenna...


.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2










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30

2d) 915 MHz - W-CDMA MS into SRDs - Calculation for the W-CDMA MS operating a

maximum power for class 3 in the channel adjacent to 915 MHz

Interference calculation (2d) W-CDMA MS Tx to SRD Rx

Legend




.s-2





Path length Dist 850 metres 58.59 dB(metres2)




Site A (Tx) Site-name_A W-CDMA MS Tx

Frequency A fA 912.5000MHz 179.20dB Hz2


Transmit Basepower PTx 0.251W -6.00dBW








Radiated power at fA Peirp 0.25Weirp -6.00dBWeirp



eirp


eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B SRD Rx
















.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2










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31

3a) 870 MHz - SRD transmit into CDMA2000 MS receive

The analysis considers alternative SRD devices operating at a range of maximum powers

corresponding to values permitted in the GURL. Schedule 1 allows +6 dBW eirp in the band864 - 868 MHz for certain modulations. Otherwise 0 dBW eirp is the limit. In the band

869.2 - 869.25 MHz, the limit is -20 dBW eirp. In the 4 and 1 Watt cases the ACLR of the SRD is

adjusted to give -55 dBW eirp per 100 kHz, (which is the maximum permitted out-of-band

emissions for New Zealand according to AS/NZS 4771.) The following table shows the separation

distance necessary to meet the criterion of 1 dB elevation in the CDMA2000 receiver noise floor.

SRD power (dBW eirp) Separation distance

+6 2,750 m

0 2,750 m

-20 275 m

Multiple SRD devices would further increase the necessary separation distance.

As noted in the discussion in section 1b, about the interference criterion for CDMA based systems

that are interference limited, not noise limited, the 1 dB noise floor elevation criterion may be

inappropriately conservative. To explore an alternative, the interference analysis was repeated for

these three power limits. The noise floor elevation was ignored, and instead the

-37 dBm / 1.23 MHz maximum signal strength in the adjacent 1.23 MHz channel was used as a

threshold for acceptable interference. This value is obtained from s4.2.8 of the ETSI specification

as the maximum adjacent interference level for the MS receiver to meet its ACS performance.

Unfortunately the specification does not give explicit values for ACR, hence the analysis adjusted

the separation distance for each SRD power, to meet the -37 dBm (-67 dBW) adjacent channel

power criterion with the results shown in the following table.


+6 2.3 m

0 1.2 m

-20 0.12 m

The separation distances resulting from this criterion for adjacent channel selectivity are much

smaller than with the noise floor elevation criterion. They ignore the effect of SRD outof-band

emissions that fall within the CDMA channel. Clearly the correct values will lie somewhere between

the ranges of the two tables above. Because the analysis uses worst case parameters, (an SRD

device with 6 MHz wide band modulation), narrower band SRDs would generally have


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32

correspondingly narrower out-of-band emissions meeting the -55 dBW eirp per 100 kHz limit.

These narrower band SRDs would have correspondingly less total interference energy falling in the

CDMA channel.

Considering that the existing SRD allocation from 864 - 868 MHz, in conjunction with the Trunk

Mobile simplex allocation from 868 - 869 MHz has proved compatible with CDMA2000 above

870 MHz, replacing trunk mobile with SRDs in the band 868 - 869 MHz at comparable radiated

power levels will very likely be equally compatible.

The question must next be asked will extending SRDs the additional 1 MHz from 869 MHz up to

870 MHz significantly impact CDMA2000?

The ETSI specification for CDMA2000 only hints at the answer. It does not explicitly quantify the

receiver ACS response, however it gives the ACS test methodology giving -77 dB per 1.23 MHz in

the adjacent channel. The channel spacing is 1.25 MHz, leaving 0.02 MHz between the occupied

bandwidth of adjacent channels. This is 0.1 MHz from the inter-channel boundary to the next

channels occupied bandwidth.

Conclusion

Despite the lack of explicit ACS parameters in the ETSI specification for CDMA2000, the available

information and the two methods of analysis suggest that CDMA2000 can tolerate extending the

present SRD band up from 868 MHz, to 870 MHz.


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34

3b) 870 MHz - SRD transmit into W-CDMA 800 MS receive

The analysis below shows that the impact of a wide band SRD device occupying 6 MHz bandwidth

and at a power of +6 dBW eirp, requires a separation distance of 9,300 metres from a W-CDMA800MS terminal receiving near its edge of coverage. This relatively large free space distance is mainly

the result of W-CDMA800s modest ACS performance of only -33 dB. Multiple SRD devices would

further increase the necessary separation distance.

As noted in the discussion for other CDMA analyses, the 1 dB noise floor elevation criterion is

conservative for these interference limited systems. It is difficult to surmise what lesser separation

distance would be sufficient for compatible co-existence.

One consideration is that if no changes were made to the 864 - 870 MHz band, the introduction ofW-CDMA800 would have to accept the existing services. As noted in the 3a) discussion, replacing

trunk mobile simplex operations in the upper part of the band with SRDs would not significantly

change the interference parameters into W-CDMA. The remaining question is whether the

remaining band 869 - 870 MHz could be allocated to SRDs without noticeably changing any impact

on W-CDMA800.

Conclusion

A free space interference analysis based on the 1 dB noise floor elevation criterion shows thatunacceptably large separation distances of the order of 9 km would be required to protect the

W-CDMA800 MS terminals. However this method of analysis is very conservative, because it does

not take account of interference limited nature of CDMA networks, nor any building loss or clutter.

The same analysis method would also show the comparable separation distances for wide band

SRD operating in the present lower SRD band (864 - 868 MHz) because most of this band lies

within the first adjacent channel spectrum of the lowest W-CDMA channel at 872.5 MHz.

There would appear to be little change to the interference parameters if the trunk mobile simplex

below 869 MHz is replaced by an SRD allocation, however the band 869 - 870 MHz is less clear,although it may make little difference to the W-CDMA whether SRD allocation went up to 869 or

870 MHz.


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35

3b) 870 MHz - SRD transmit into W-CDMA 800 MS receive

Interference calculation (3b) SRD into W-CDMA8000 MS Rx

Legend




.s-2










Frequency A f

A 867.0000MHz

178.76dB

Hz

2


Transmit Basepower PTx 3.981W 6.00dBW








Radiated power at fA Peirp 3.98 Weirp 6.00dBWeirp



eirp


eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA800 MS RxFrequency B fB 872.5000MHz 178.82dB Hz

2

Receiver bandwidth B BWB 3.8400MHz 65.84dB Hz

Licence MPIS MPIS dBuV/m














.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2




Power out of Rx ant. in 1.23MHz at fA -66.34 dBm







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36

3c) 870 MHz - CDMA2000 BS transmit into SRD receive

The analysis shows that a wide band SRD device requires a separation distance of 1,070 metresfrom the CDMA2000 base station transmitting at +8 dBW eirp. No building penetration or clutter

loss are allowed for in this free space calculation. On the other hand, emissions from other

CDMA2000 bse stations that are operating co-channel with this base station are not taken into

account. These factors will largely cancel each other.

Most of the third-order intermodulation products from existing CDMA2000 transmissions fall into

the first adjacent 1.25 MHz channel, extending down to 868.75 MHz. This intermodulation energy

will not be experienced by existing SRDs in the band 864 - 868 MHz, future SRDs operating in the

proposed SRD band up to 870 MHz would receive more interference power from CDMA2000 basestations. However, those products that are sensitive to such levels of unwanted interference, could

choose to operate in the present SRD band.

Conclusion

Although SRDs operating in an expanded SRD band extending up to 870 MHz would experience

more interference closer to the 870 MHz boundary than is experienced in the present

864 - 868 MHz SRD band, SRDs would generally have greater flexibility to operate in the expanded

SRD allocation.


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37

3c) 870 MHz - CDMA2000 BS into SRD - Calculation for an SRD having a 6 MHz bandwidth

Interference calculation (3c) CDMA2000 BS into SRD

Legend




.s-2









Site A (Tx) Site-name_A CDMA2000 Tx

Frequency A f

A 870.6250MHz

178.80dB

Hz

2


Transmit Basepower PTx 6.310W 8.00dBW










Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 1.0516Weirp/MHz 0.22 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp


eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B SRD RxFrequency B fB 867.0000MHz 178.76dB Hz

2

Receiver bandwidth B BWB 6.0000MHz 67.78dB Hz

Licence MPIS MPIS dBuV/m














.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2




Power out of Rx ant. in 1.23MHz at fA -51.79 dBm







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39

3d) 870 MHz - W CDMA 800 BS into SRD

Interference calculation (3d) W-CDMA800 BS into SRD

Legend




.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23J/deg -228.60 dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293deg K 24.67 dB deg K







Site A (Tx) Site-name_A W-CDMA800 Tx












Radiated power at fB Peirp 0.001995262 Weirp -27.00dBWeirp

Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 1.6431 Weirp/MHz 2.16 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.00005196 Weirp/MHz -42.84dBW.100kHz-1

eirp













Receiver noise floor psd 0 -188.93 dBW.Hz-1




.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2








PSD above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin-6

Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.21 dB


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40

4a) 819/820 MHz - SRD transmit into simplex land mobile

receive

This analysis considers a narrow band SRD device in a channel adjacent to the 820 MHz boundary

with simplex land mobile. The SRD transmits at the maximum -10 dBW eirp allowed by the current

GURL, and has out-of-band emissions totalling -55 dBW allowed in New Zealand under

AS/NZS4771. (The 4 Watt allowance in the GURL does not apply to this band.)


-10 9,200 m

The simplex receiver in the channel adjacent to 820 MHz experiences a 1 dB noise floor elevation

from the free space path over a separation distance of 9,200 m. Other more separated simplex

channels will experience significantly less interference as both the SRD out-of-band emissions and

the simplex receiver filter selectivity both suppress more with distance from 820 MHz.

Where the SRD or the simplex equipment is used indoors or in urban locations, additional losses

due to building penetration and clutter loss will reduce the separation distance, although this will be

offset somewhat where there are multiple SRD devices. The biggest factor in reducing the effective

separation distance will be the use of channels further from the boundary. In the case of simplex

land mobile equipment most are capable of switching to alternative quieter channels when there is

traffic or interference on a channel.

Apart from the compatibility with neighbouring SRDs, a vital question concerning the possible

assignment of the 819 820 MHz band to simplex, is the need for the band to be recognised by

manufacturers. Motorola trunk mobile handsets being used in the duplex TS band, have a simplex

mode, but will not operate in their simplex mode down in the proposed 819 820 MHz band.

Conclusion

Simplex land mobiles can probably be operated in the proposed band 819 820 MHz despite the

proximity of the adjacent SRD band. However the availability of mobile simplex equipment that will

operate in the band should be investigated prior to any decision whether or not to allocate simplex

land mobile.

Another matter to consider is whether legacy SRD devices that were put into operation under the

current GURL (starting at 819 MHz) would cause co-channel interference to simplex land mobile

equipment if the allocation for the band is changed to simplex.


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41

4a) 819/820 MHz - SRD into simplex land mobile

Interference calculation (4a) SRD into Simplex Land Mobile Rx

Legend



Vel of light Vc 3.00E+08m/s 169.54dBm2.s

-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23J/deg -228.60dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293deg K 24.67dB deg K








Frequency A fA 820.0250 MHz 178.28dB Hz2


Transmit Basepower PTx 0.100 W -10.00dBW








Radiated power at fA Peirp 0.10Weirp -10.00dBWeirp


Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 0.5000Weirp/MHz -3.01dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.00001581Weirp/MHz -48.01dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Site B (Rx) Site-name_B Simplex Land Mobile Rx

Frequency B fB 819.9875 MHz 178.28dB Hz2















.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2




Power out of Rx ant. in 1.23MHz at fA -67.16dBm







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43

4b) 819/820 MHz - Simplex land mobile into SRD

Interference calculation (4b) Simplex Land Mobile into SRD

Legend




.s-2

Boltzmann K 1.38E-23J/deg -228.60 dBJ.deg-1

Room temp T 293deg K 24.67 dB deg K







Site A (Tx) Site-name_A Simplex Land Mobile













Radiated PSD at fA PSD eirp 11.0848 Weirp/MHz 10.45 dBW.100kHz-1

eirp

Radiated PSD at fB PSD eirp 0.00035053 Weirp/MHz -34.55dBW.100kHz-1

eirp













Receiver noise floor psd 0 -188.93 dBW.Hz-1




.100kHz-1


.100kHz-2










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45

GSM900 MS

For MS power classes 4 and 5, transmit power level 6000

Measuring

BW (kHz)30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz

OOB power

(dBr /30 kHz

at carrier)

0.5 -30 -33 -60 -60 -63 -65 -71

See Annex A, Figure A.1a (p59)

Interpreted MS ACLR (for normalised uniform reference bandwidth)

Offset from

carrier (kHz)100 200 250 400

600~

1800

1800~

3000

3000~

6000>6000

ACLR 0.5 -30 -33 -60 -60 -66 -68 -74

GSM900 BTS

For worst case transmit power level 43 dBm

Offset from

carrier (kHz)100 200 250 400

600~

1200

1200~

1800

1800~

6000>6000

Measuring

BW (kHz)30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 30kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz

OOB power

(dBr/30 kHz at

carrier)

0.5 -30 -33 -60 -70 -73 -75 -80

See Annex A, Figure A.2a (p61)

Micro-BS and pico-BS have up to 10 dB higher OOB relative to carrier above 600 kHz, but their

carrier power is lower by much more than 10 dB.


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49

7.5 Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS)

Table 7.4: Adjacent Channel Selectivity (MS)

Power Class Unit ACS

3 dB 33

4 dB 33


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50

3GPP TS 25.104 V8.4.1 (2008-09)

Technical Specification

3rd Generation Partnership Project;

Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;

Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (FDD)

(Release 8)

W-CDMA BS parameters

6.2.1 Base station maximum output power

Maximum output power, Pmax, of the base station is the mean power level per carrier measured at

the antenna connector in specified reference condition.

Table 6.0A: Base Station rated output power

BS class PRAT

Wide Area BS - (note)

Medium Range BS < +38 dBm

Local Area BS < + 24 dBm

Home BS < + [20] dBm (without transmit

diversity or MIMO)

< + [17] dBm (with transmit

diversity or MIMO)

NOTE: There is no upper limit required for the rated output power of

the Wide Area Base Station like for the base station for General

Purpose application in Release 99, 4, and 5.

Table 6.7 Base station ACLR

Adjacent channel carrier ACLR

5 MHz -45 dBc

10 MHz -50 dBc


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52

4.4 Base Station to Mobile Station

BS to MS is similar geometry to the following cases where an STL replaces the BS terminal or an

SRD device replaces the MS terminal:

1b) STL transmit into W-CDMA MS receive

3d) W-CDMA 800 BS transmit into SRD receive

The 3GPP standard suggests a methodology to calculate the minimum coupling loss, taking intoaccount a minimum separation distance, and assuming the mobile is operating 3 dB abovesensitivity.

4.5 Base Station to Base Station

BS to BS is similar geometry to the following case where one BS is replaced by an STL terminal:

1d) W-CDMA BS transmit into STL receive

The 3GPP standard suggests analysis based on minimum coupling loss.

7.4.2 Simulation parameters

Parameters BS receiver MS receiver

Maximum BS power 43 dBm macro

Average TX power 21 dBm30 dBm macro

20 dBm micro

Noise figure 5 dB 9 dB

Receiving bandwidth 4.096 MHz proposed 4.096 MHz proposed

Noise power -103 dBm proposed -99 dBm proposed

9.2.1 Interference modelling methodology

ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (of a transmitter)ACLR = Tx power (in Tx channel) / Power emitted in the adjacent channel

ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity (of a receiver)ACS = Receive filter attenuation on the assigned channel / attenuation on theadjacent channel.

ACIR Adjacent Channel Interference ratioACIR = Tx power (in the culprits channel) / Interference power (in victim receiverin the victims channel)


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54

CDMA2000

ETSI standard EN 301 908-4 V3.2.1 (2007-09)

4.2.2.2 Spurious emission limits

In Band Classes 6, 8, 9 and 13, spurious emissions measured in the respective mobile stations

receive band shall be less than -76 dBm measured in 1 MHz resolution bandwidth.

It is reasonable to assume the emissions in neighbouring bands will be similar.

Table 3: Transmitter spurious emission limits for spreading rate 1

For |f| within the range Emission limit

885 kHz to 1,25 MHz

(BC 9 only)

less stringent of

-42 dBc/30 kHz or -54 dBm/1,23 MHz

1,25 MHz to 1,98 MHz less stringent of


1,98 MHz to 4,00 MHz

(BC 9 only)

less stringent of



(BC 6, 8 and 13 only)

less stringent of



(BC 6, 8 and 13 only)-(13 + 1 (f - 2,25 MHz)) dBm/1 MHz

> 4,00 MHz -36 dBm/1 kHz; 9 kHz < f < 150 kHz

-36 dBm/10 kHz; 150 kHz < f < 30MHz

-36 dBm/100 kHz; 30 MHz < f < 1 GHz

-30 dBm/1 MHz; 1 GHz < f < 12,75

GHz

All frequencies in the measurement bandwidth shall satisfy the restrictions on |f|

where f = centre frequency - closer edge frequency (f) of the measurement filter.


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55

Table 4: Additional transmitter spurious emission limits for spreading rate 1

Measurement

frequencyEmission limit Victim band

Applies to

Operating Band

921 MHz to 925 MHz 60 dBm/100 kHz GSM 900 BC 6, 8, 13

925 MHz to 935 MHz 67 dBm/100 kHz GSM 900 BC 6, 8, 13

935 MHz to 960 MHz -79 dBm/100kHz GSM 900 BC 6, 8, 13

Tone Measurements apply only when the measurement frequency is at least 5,625 MHz from the

CDMA tx centre frequency. The measurements shall be made on frequencies which are integer

multiples of 200 kHz. As exceptions, up to five measurements with a level up to the spurious

emission limits in table 3 are allowed.

Table 7 Effective radiated power at maximum output power (MS)

Mobile station

Class

Radiating

MeasurementLower Limit Upper Limit

Class I eirp 28 dBm (0,63 W) 33 dBm (2,0 W)

Class II eirp 23 dBm (0,2 W) 30 dBm (1,0 W)

Class III eirp 18 dBm (63 mW) 27 dBm (0,5 W)

Class IV eirp 13 dBm (20 mW) 24 dBm (0,25 W)

Class V eirp 8 dBm (6,3 mW) 21 dBm (0,13 W)

End of CDMA2000


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56

Short Range Devices (SRD)

SRD bands proposed for NZ

NZ SRD Bands Adjacent use - low Adjacent use - high

820 824 MHzPossible Simplex sub-band,

or trunk mobile base Rx

1 MHz GB, then

Cellular Base Rx

864 - 870 MHz Trunk mobile base Tx Cellular base Tx

915 - 921 MHz Cellular base Rx SRD (1 W)

921 - 929 MHz SRD (3 mW) STL

(Services highlighted in bold require interference analysis to and from SRDs in this study.)

GURL for SRDs - Existing SRD bands in NZ

Radiocommunications Regulations

(General User Radio Licence for Short Range Devices) Notice 2007

Schedule 1

From (MHz) To (MHz) Peak Power eirp (mW) Designated Use

819 824 100 Unrestricted

864 868 1000Unrestricted

(refer Note 2)

869.2 869.25 10Telemetry/Telecommand

(refer Note 3)

915 921 3 Telemetry/Telecommand

921 929 1000 Unrestricted

Note 2: Transmitters employing frequency hopping or digital modulation techniques in864 868 MHz, may operate with gain antennas provided the peak power does notexceed 4 watts e.i.r.p.

Note 3: In the band 869.2 - 869.25 MHz the maximum permitted duty cycle is 0.1%


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58

MED Radiocommunications (Radio Standards) Notice 2007

Tale 1 Applicable standards

1. Short Range Devices

Short Range Devices: 25 MHz 25 GHz: AS/NZS 4268

Spread spectrum Devices: 900 MHz bands : AS/NZS 4771

Short Range Devices (25 MHz 1 GHz) : EN 300 220

(Extracts from the ETSI specification EN 300 220 follow this section.)

Table 2 Unwanted emission Limits

Spurious Emissions

Limit (peak power)

Frequency RangeMeasurement Bandwidth

-56 dBW (2.25 W) eirp

(59 dBV/m at 10 metre)30 MHz 1 GHz 100 kHz


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59

ETSI

Draft ETSI standard EN 300 220-1 v2.2.1 (2008-04)

Electromagnetic compatibility

and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Short Range Devices (SRD);

Radio equipment to be used in the 25 MHz to 1000 MHz

frequency range with power levels ranging up to 500 mW;

Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods

MED Radiocommunications (Radio Standards) Notice 2007 refers to this ETSI standard for SRDs in

the range 25 MHz to 1 GHz.

Extract from Table 1

Item Frequency Bands Applications

1 Transmit and Receive 863.000 MHz to 870.000 MHz Generic use

Proposed SRD bands in NZ and relevance to items in the above ETSI table

NZ Frequency Bands Items ETSI Applications

820 824 MHz n/a n/a

864 870 MHz 1 Generic use

915 921 MHz n/a n/a

921 929 MHz n/a n/a


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60

Table 2 Receiver categories

Receiver category Risk assessment of receiver performance

1

Highly reliable SRD communication media; e.g. serving

human life inherent systems (may result in a physical

risk to a person).

2

Medium reliable SRD communication media e.g.

causing inconvenience to persons, which cannot simply

be overcome by other means.

3

Standard reliable SRD communication media e.g.

Inconvenience to persons, which can simply be

overcome by other means (e.g. manual).

8.2 Receiver LBT (Listen Before Talk) threshold

Table 12 Receiver LBT threshold limit versus transmit power and channel spacing

Tx power

Receiver bandwidth


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62

Table D.1: Classification of effective radiated power (e.r.p.) for social alarms

Power Class e.r.p. Approximate eirp

A 2 mW to 10 mW -25 to -18 dBW

B 100 W to 2 mW -38 to -25 dBW

C 10 W to < 100 W -48 to -38 dBW

D < 10 W < -48 dBW

For eirp, add approximately 2 dB

Table E.1: Limits for average radiated usable sensitivity in the band 806 - 960 MHz

SRD type Average usable sensitivity dBV/m

Integral antenna fully within the case 30.0

Integral or dedicated antenna with external

length 20 cm to the case28.0


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64

Table 12 General limits for any intentional transmitter

Frequency (MHz)Field strength

(V/m)

Measurement

Distance (m)

Equivalent

EIRP (dBW)

216-960 200 3 -79

Table 13 Exception or exclusion from the general limits

Frequency

(MHz)Type of use

Limit (V/m)

at distance (m)

A-average

Q-quasi-peak

Equivalent

EIRP(*)

(dBW)

806-890 Intermittent control signal 12 500 at 3m A or Q -43

806-890 Periodic transmission 5 000 at 3m A or Q -51


Periodic transmission 5 000 at 3m A or Q -51

Signals used to measure a

material characteristic500 at 30m A -51

902-928Spread spectrum

transmitters

1 Watt output

power- -

Field disturbance sensors 500 000 at 3m A -11

Any 15.249 50 000 at 3m Q -31



Intermittent control signal 12 500 at 3m A or Q -43






[ (*) Equivalent EIRP is calculated from the limit (V/m) at distance (m) values. ]


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65

Rec. ITU-R SM.1055

Use of spread spectrum techniques

This recommendation provides an excellent treatise on RF engineering theory and methodology for

analysing spread spectrum systems.

Rec. ITU-R SM.1056-1-

Limitation of radiation from industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) equipment

Table 2 Range of measured field strength from ISM equipment in the

ITU-designated bands

Frequency bandCentre

frequency

Appropriate Footnote

to the Table of

Frequency Allocations

of the ITU RR

Range of

measured(1)

field

strengths

(dB(V/m))

Equivalent

EIRP (dBW)

(3)

902 928 MHz(2) 915 MHz 5.150 (Region 2) 60-120 -45 to +14

(1) Field strengths measured at 30 m from the building containing the ISM equipment. Hence

actual distance to the ISM equipment is not known.

(2) 896 MHz in the UK.(3) This is the calculated equivalent EIRP of the ISM equipment and the building as a whole,

hence it is the net eirp, taking account of the building penetration loss.

This Rec. gives further methodology for analysing spread spectrum systems and their interaction

with conventional radiocommunication systems.

_________________


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67

5 Annex 2 Terms of Reference

Interference analysis: band plan 806 - 960 MHz

Figure 1 is a scaled schematic diagram depicting the current allocations and use of the band806 - 960 MHz in New Zealand:

The Ministry is proposing to re-plan this band in order to maximise technical efficiencies and toreduce fragmentation. A process is currently underway to swap some of the Management Rightspectrum.

Figure 2 depicts a possible configuration of the new band plan, involving the relocation of STLs,harmonisation of SRDs and re-location of the Land Mobile Simplex Tx band:

N841.000

806 MHz 960 MHz

CT T V VN N NNN

825.015

851.000

869.025

812.

000

819.

000

824.

000

845.

000

840.

000

849.

000

857.

000

864.

000

868.

000

870.0

15

885.

000

889.

000

894.

000

900.

000

915.

000

921.

000

929.

000

935.

000

939.

000

945.

000

960.

000

C

The proposed re-planning exercise requires a number of technical compatibility analyses to becarried out between services. Proposed changes to services in a particular spectrum band and theconsequent change of relationships with services in adjacent bands need to be evaluated fortechnical compatibility, including the potential for interference and any interference mitigationsolutions that may be required.

= Unused / Guardban

= Fixed STL

= SRD

= Cellular (European)Key

= Fixed KK

= Land Mobile Tx

= Cellular (N. American)

SR GURL Telemetry915 - 921 MHz

SRD GURL Telemetry

869.2 - 869.25 MHz806 MHz 960 MHz

Current

CT T V VN C NNNN

82

Documents

Interference Analysis -Main Report