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Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Floating Ports Initiatives?Floating Ports Initiatives?
Jae Wook Lee
ISO / TC8 / SC11, ChairmanISO / TC8 / SC11, Chairman
Professor, Inha University, KoreaProfessor, Inha University, Korea
UNECE 36th Session on Inland Water Transport2010.02.10-12
Geneva, Swiss
Discussion Topics
Intermodal, Rivers, Short Sea
Shipping
Floating Ports Initiatives
World Marine Industry Sector Totals2005-2010 (€bn)
Source : World Marine Markets, March 2005, Douglas-Westwood
5,808bil.$
9,778bil.$
2,356bil.$
4,971bil.$
EUEU NE AsiaNE Asia20032003 20102010
20032003 20102010
Trade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE AsiaTrade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE Asia
TSRTSR
TCRTCR
TCR-NTCR-N
TCR-MTCR-M
TCR-STCR-S
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1996 2001 2002 2006
Korea- JapanKorea-ChinaChina- Japan
Container Trade Volume among C-J-K
unit :10,000 TEU
Needs of SSS System in NE Asia
European short sea shipping has achieved great success for last 15 years to shift cargos from road transport
Road congestion results increase of transport cost & air pollution in Europe
Short Sea Shipping is recognized as best practices for users, operators, regulators and infrastructure providers of C-J-K region
DefinitionDefinition
Short Sea ShippingShort Sea Shipping
IntermodalityIntermodality
ImplementationImplementation HardwareHardware
Ships, Cargo handling systems, TerminalsShips, Cargo handling systems, Terminals
SoftwareSoftware VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics)VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics)
SupportSupport A local cooperative forum A local cooperative forum
Collaboration with market Collaboration with market
KTXJR
TCR
TKR
TMR
Lianyungang
Yantai
TMGR
Short Sea Shipping RoutesShort Sea Shipping Routes
In Yellow Sea RegionIn Yellow Sea Region
Ocean Route
SSS Route
To America
EU
Yangtze River
Yello
w S
ea
Sea-River Shipping
Kyung-In CanalKyung-In Canal
Length : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 mLength : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 m
INCHEONINCHEON SEOULSEOUL
Han RiverHan River
YellowYellow
SeaSea
Yangtze River Inland WaterwayYangtze River Inland WaterwayChonging Chonging 重慶重慶
446 446 Fengjie Fengjie 奉節奉節538 538 92 92 Badong Badong 巴東巴東648 648 202 202 110 110 Yichang Yichang 宜昌宜昌
1,274 1,274 828 828 736 736 626 626 Wuhan Wuhan 武漢武漢1,543 1,543 1,097 1,097 1,005 1,005 895 895 269 269 Jiujiang Jiujiang 九江九江2,007 2,007 1,561 1,561 1,469 1,469 1,359 1,359 733 733 464 464 Nanjing Nanjing 南京南京2,094 2,094 1,648 1,648 1,556 1,556 1,446 1,446 820 820 551 551 87 87 Zhenjiang Zhenjiang 鎭江鎭江2,399 2,399 1,953 1,953 1,861 1,861 1,751 1,751 1,125 1,125 856 856 392 392 305 305 Shanghai Shanghai 上海上海
Length : 2,399 km (Shanghai – Chongqing)
Annual Throughput : 430 mil ton (2004)
SSS System
Ships objective : - Sea-river Barge - Fast Container Carrier - Train Ferry, etc
Terminal Facilities : - Cargo handling systems - Transshipment, etc.
SSS Support Systems : - SSS Information Networks - Identification and Location Technologies for Intermodal Transport - Customs Clearance - Container Security Initiatives etc.
New or Old Technologies
New: Tri-maran Fast Container Feeder(40kts) Old: Pusher Barge Fleet
Ships objective
Fast or Slow Ships
Fast Container Ship (over 30knots) Barges (less than 10knots)
The FLO/FLO Type Barge Carriers
Source: Dockwise (2003)
Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea -1
A conceptual drawing of
sea-river barge carrier for
the local delivery along the
coastal area of Korean
peninsular
Modern barge carrierconcept
Hinterland Sea
SeaHinterland
Alternative Concept for conventional Container Transshipment
Sea-river Barge
Sea-river Barge
Container ShipReducing number of transshipment steps
Sea-river Barge carrier as an example
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
Loading
Depth Reducing for loading of barge into the under-deck cargo hold• Pumping out water from the ballast tanks to adjust the height of barge carrier to accommodate the floating barge into the lower cargo hold • Floating and fixing of the barge in cargo hold
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
Larger Cargo Hold of Barge Carrier
Advantage:Direct floating-in of barge fleet into the carrier
Disadvantage:Great free surface with nagative influence on the ship stability
Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea - 2
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
• Train Ferry System for Korea-China and Korea-Japan
• Short Sea Shipping linkage to TAR (Trans Asian Railway)
• Standardization Target : Ship and Harbor Facility
Train Ferry in Baltic Sea SSS linkages to TAR
Train Ferry System
Major Railway Network of ChinaMajor Railway Network of China
8 Major Longitudinal Railways
8 Major Transverse Railways
Beijing
Shanghai
WAREHOUSES-CFS
INLAND CONTAINER TERMINAL, LO/LO BARGE ACCESS
Rail Mounted Gantry Crane
Loaded Container Stack
To/fromOver-the-RoadVans
Direct Delivery of Containerfrom Barge to Warehouse Door
To/fromGrounded ISOContainer
Two-way ContainerOn Chassis Loading Lane
LO/LO Container Barge
Terminal Facilities
Inland Waterway Container Terminal
RoPax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU
Cargo Handling Systems
CTYS 2000
• Container Pallet handling system patented by CTYS, Inha University
High Performance Capability of Loading and Unloading
Position Valve System Activated by Smart Electro-Rheological(ER) Fluids
Easy adaptation for High Speed Cargo Ships
Concept of
Mega Pallet
System -1
Concept of Mega Pallet System - 2
10.0m
Max.
Min.
Container cranes
FloatingContainerTerminal Abso
rbing Devices
CTYS
Fixing Anchor
Container crane
10.0m
Max.
Min.
Bridge support
Connection Bridge
Ship
FloatingContainerTerminal
Couplings
Absorbing Devices
CTYS
Floating Container Terminal
Source : Offshore-Containerumschlag – Herausforderung für IngenieureKapitän Dipl.-Naut. Olaf KammertönsEntwicklungszentrum für Schiffstechnik und Transport systeme e.V. (Duisburg)
Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang WichnerCATS GmbH & Co. KG (Wendelstein)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Moustafa Abdel-MaksoudInstitut für Schiffstechnik und Transportsysteme der UDE (Duisburg)* Mitglied des Zentrums für Logistik
und Verkehr, Universität Duisburg-Essen
28. Duisburger Kolloquium, 14-15 June, 2007
Offshore Floating Terminal
Trends of container shipping
- Mega Carrier shipping co.- Big ship, 12000TEU over- Mega Hub port- Global Terminal Operator (GTO)
Offshore Floating Terminal
Source : Abdel Maksoud et. al. 2007
Mobile Harbor (MH-B1 type)
Source : KAIST
Mobile Harbor (MH-B2 type)
Source : KAIST
Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-1200 type)
Source : KAIST
Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-250 type)
Source : KAIST
Types of Mobile Floating Structures
1. Mobile floating ports/terminals
- implementing the nodal point of global and short sea shipping for efficient logistics system - IT based design of future logistics process before implementation
2. Floating Airport
3. Artificial Island : concept for ocean living & tourism
4. Sea based support Platform
- The need for amphibious operations
Strategies in support of its Initiatives
- Understanding scope and complexity of implementation- Lack of internal expertise to implement virtualization- Anticipated costs of implementing virtualization- Demonstrating ROI for virtualization
Challenges in defining and implementing
- Determine need for virtualization- Develop virtualization strategy- Consolidate applications and data- System management and technologies- Safety & Security- VTMIS, EDI, e-Port Clearance, Standardization, etc.
Major Fields for Design and Construction
Structure Mechanics
- Loading and structure response analysis - Safety and reliability of the structures, etc.
Hydrodynamics
- Analysis of relative motion between structure and ships during operation conditions, etc.
Automation & Crane Technology
- Operation of container cranes in the balanced conditions - Energy management system of the structures
Structure Lifetime Management
- Cost-Profit-Analysis
Intermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE AsiaIntermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE Asia
High-speed Container System in C-J-K region
C-J-K RoPax (RoRo & Passenger) System
Korea-China Train Ferry System
Sea-River Barge System
Offshore Floating Terminal, etc.