International Internship Handbook eBook Rev1-FB

0Written by: John M. Freeborn © 2010

OPPORTUNITY

•

EXPERIENCE

•

ACHIEVEMENT

OPPORTUNITY

EXPERIENCE

ACHIEVEMENT

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FDG Global Services, LLC.12685 Dorsett Road, #266

Maryland Heights, MO 63043

Copyright © 2010 by John Freeborn

All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereofin any form whatsoever. For information address FDG Global Services, LLC.Rights Department, 12685 Dorsett Road, #266, Maryland Heights, MO 63043

FDG Global Services, LLC; first edition July 2010

Certain names and identifying characteristics have been changed.

2010 International Internship Handbook: Student Resource Guideis a product of FDG Global Services, LLC.

For information about special discounts for bulk purchases or use foreducational purposes, write to: FDG Global Services, LLC.

Sales Department, 12685 Dorsett Road, #266, Maryland Heights, MO 63043

Manufactured in the United States of America.

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Introduction from the Author:

This student resource guide for international internships is a collection of more than ten years ofexperience working with many universities, over 100 students, and several businesses to develop arealistic model for students seeking internships abroad and here at home.

I believe there is no single set of rules of engagement for any internship. There must be some flexibility byall parties involved with worthwhile programs that offer students opportunity, experience andachievement.

Fortunately I have been able to work with some of the best and brightest interns from universities here inAmerica and more than a dozen other countries from all walks of life. In each case every student broughtsomething unique and of value to the internship program.

Since there are so many students seeking internships these days to meet their academic requirements, Ifelt it was time to provide a handbook of sorts from a business point of view. There has always been apiece of the puzzle missing, in my opinion, regarding the business side of preparing for internshipprograms. The reality is out of the dozens of applicants that I have interviewed each year for the past tenyears, there are typically only one or two candidates that are truly prepared for the business world.

After reviewing my notes from years of student internship interviews, I have put together an easy to readresource guide to help students, and possibly their counselors, prepare for the real world of business.Companies do truly desire to work with competent and professional interns that can add value to theirbusiness. Presenting yourself as a professional business candidate and not just a student is a significantleap forward to meeting the needs of corporate America.

I also have a firm belief that many companies do not have a structured internship program that meets theneeds of the company nor the student. To this end I believe it is important for the universities andstudents to work more closely with the business community to assist in developing realistic internshipprograms that will provide mutual benefits to all parties engaged in internships.

This International Internship Handbook has been developed for the student’s best interest in seekingopportunity, experience and achievement with their internships. To this end, I wish all of you the mostrewarding experiences to complement your education.

Respectfully Submitted,

John M. Freeborn

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About the Author by Mr. Covington Stanwick

Mr. Freeborn has been active in the international business community for more than a decade providingconsulting, training, and educational programs to the business community here in America and abroad.

His audiences have included business leaders from a wide variety of corporate backgrounds,international government agencies, politicians, small and medium sized business owners and students.He has been asked to speak at numerous events sponsored by business, civic and educationalinstitutions to share his colorful expertise on international business.

Throughout his career, Mr. Freeborn has served on several international, national, regional and localboards of directors, organizations supporting export development, international finance, foreign directinvestments and not for profit agencies. His energy and excitement towards international business isready noticed by anyone who engages him in conversation about export opportunities.

Professional & Civic Organizations:

• MODEC—The Missouri District Export Council (2009 to 2011)Appointed by the US Secretary of Commerce, Past Chairman-OutreachCommittee

• U.S. Small Business Administration Small Business Week Committee Eastern MOPast Chairman, Outreach Committee (2004-2010)

• Missouri International Business Leadership Council (2008 – Present)Appointed by Dr. Kim, PhD, Executive Director, the Boeing Institute, St. Louis University

• Midwest China Hub Business Council (2009 – Present)Financial & Professional Services Council MemberManufacturing & International Trade Council Member

• St. Louis-San Luis Potosi Mexico Friendship Committee, Sister Cities OrganizationBoard of Directors Member (2004 – Present)

• St. Louis-Brcko District Bosnia Sister Cities OrganizationBoard of Directors Member (2009-Present)

• St. Louis Regional Engineering Academy (2004-2006)Appointed by the St. Louis County Economic Development CouncilProject “Lead The Way” Engineering Mentor - Kirkwood High School, Kirkwood, MO.

• e-MED International (2003–2005), Past Board PresidentAppointed by the Board of Directors as President in March 2004)

Mr. Freeborn has conducted business in more than 50 countries on behalf of his company and others. Hehas met with business and economic development leaders in several countries and has providedseminars abroad on international business and foreign direct investment.

His international accomplishments have not gone unnoticed by his colleagues, federal, state and localgovernment agencies. He has been the recipient of many international awards and continues todemonstrate his expertise and gratitude towards the international community.

International Awards Presented to Mr. Freeborn:

State of Missouri Governor’s Small Business Exporter of the Year* St. Louis Missouri Small Business Exporter of the Year U.S. Small Business Administration’s Region VII Export Champion of the Year Missouri District Export Council Export Achievement Award U.S. Department of Commerce Export Achievement Certificate*

(*Received on behalf of contract client)

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Here are a few comments by companies that have experienced working with Mr. Freeborn:

“I have come to know John Freeborn in the business arena and have been continually impressed with hisknowledge, connectedness with the community, and export savvy. Professionally, he has proven to be aninvaluable asset to my company. His skills and knowledge about international marketing coupled with hisability to identify resources available from state and federal commercial trade offices is most impressive”.Laura Schacht, President/CEO, Echo Media, LLC.

“When it comes to export and business development, I have never met anyone with the depth ofknowledge and expertise that John Freeborn possesses. Our company has been the benefactor ofexceptional possibilities and opportunities through our business relationship with Mr. Freeborn”. TimothyTownsend, Vice-President Market Development, Innovative Solutions and Technologies, LLC.

Mr. Freeborn has also contributed to numerous publications on small business topics and internationalbusiness. Combined with the many presentations and power points he has created over the years, he feltthat a book was needed as a repository of the knowledge and experience he had accumulated over theyears.

Mr. Freeborn has been discussing the idea of writing a book with many of his colleagues on internshipsand developing programs for their companies. Many of his business associates have asked that he penhis experience into a book to share with the international business community. To this end, you are nowthe recipient and beneficiary of the many years of his expertise.

It is my sincerest honor and pleasure to offer to you the “2010 International Internship Handbook: StudentResource Guide” by Mr. John Freeborn.

Sincerely,

Mr. Covington Stanwick,President/CEO, Stanwick & AssociatesDirector, Strategic Planning-MarketingLetec Nv, Belgium

University of NorthernIowa (UNI) studentsattend a half day seminaron international businessfrom a small businessperspective withMr. Freeborn.

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Why Study Abroad Page 7

Chapter 2: Your Market Potential Page 9

Chapter 3: Your Professional Development Page 11

Chapter 4: Locating Internship Opportunities Page 14

Chapter 5: Making First Contact Page 16

Chapter 6: Preparing for Your Interview Page 19

Chapter 7: Defining Your Internship Page 24

Chapter 8: Internship Assessment Time Page 27

Chapter 9: Professional Internship Referrals Page 31

Chapter 10: Management Styles Page 34

Chapter 11: Adding Value to Your Internship Page 39

• Five things you offer to any business• Seven Steps to Exporting Success• S.W.O.T. Analysis for International Business• Ten Step Process for International Sales• Developing an International Business Plan

Chapter 12: Getting Ready for Culture Shock Page 59

Chapter 13: Tapping Into Resources Page 67

Chapter 14: Internship Readiness & Assessment Table Page 76

Chapter 15: Preparing for Overseas Internships Page 80

Chapter 16: Important Medical & Health Info Page 85

Chapter 17: Getting Ready for Travel Page 95

Chapter 18: Making the Most of Your Internship Page 106

Bonus 2010 Sample Internship Programs Page 116Section:

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INTERNATIONALINTERNSHIPHANDBOOK

“Student Resource Guide”

The most importantreference tool for yourinternship experience.

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Chapter 1:WhyStudyAbroad?

There are so many reasons to study, work, live and travel abroad. Academics across

the country firmly believe that any experience abroad, whether as a professional, a

tourist, an academic, or otherwise can be personally enriching and rewarding. Global

experiences have changed the lives of participants in many ways allowing students to

get an edge in life.

You will learn more in just a few months of a quality internship abroad versus years of

academic study in a typical classroom. For some such experiences may lead to career

changes or new opportunities while others established unique and lasting friendships

around the world. Some may decide to pursue a graduate degree upon returning from

abroad and others still have yet to return. Though the personal impact of living and

working abroad varies for each individual, one thread of uniformity binds them all

together, a greater perspective of the world around us and, of course, of ourselves as a

result.

Here are some reasons in a few words or less why you should travel, work, live and/or

study abroad:

Challenge yourself Learn a foreign language Gain appreciation for a new and different culture Gain appreciation for your own culture Establish new lifelong friendships See, feel, touch, smell, and taste what the world has to offer You will never forgive yourself if you don't

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If learning a foreign language is not on your agenda, more than half the planet speaks

English these days. In fact, more than 50% of all business is conducted in English these

days. Therefore, there is no reason to feel intimidated about traveling abroad.

Additionally, most countries post all of their transportation systems in the local language

and in English. This has evolved over decades of tourism development to attract

Americans to visit many destinations throughout the world.

If a second language is not of interest to you, investigate opportunities in the United

Kingdom, India, Vietnam, Australia, etc. You will find English friendly people in these

countries with a taste of international flair to compliment your resume development. You

will also learn more English than you thought you knew. Each culture has its own slang

and street language. So although you may not be learning a foreign language, you will

be adding to your dictionary.

2009 University of Missouri – St. Louis, MO International Interns

Appearing left to right in photo with Mr. Freeborn are UMSL StudentInterns: James Heckman; Dipti Patel; Mr. Freeborn (Principal Partner-FDG Global Services and Student Internship Supervisor; Erin Konkol,Amy Warren, Kristina Mikhailova.

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Chapter 2:YourMarketPotential

When matching your educational skills to the demands of the marketplace, how do you

stack up against the rest of the competition? You need to know where you are now,

where you are headed, and plan a roadmap to get there.

Whether you are working with a school counselor, advisor, private placement agency,

etc., only you can determine where you are now and how to get to the next step.

Following is an example of the competitive advantage you may aspire to attain based

upon your level of desire and achievement.

Competitive Advantage Table

CompetitionLevel

Poor Fair Good Excellent BEST √

100% Everyone

30% Everyone Degree

15% Everyone Degree Work Exp

1% Everyone Degree Work Exp Intl Work Exp

O.1% Everyone Degree Work Exp Intl Work Exp Language Skills √

Internships provide invaluable practical work experience helping to open doors to your

future. In many cases, universities require completion of an internship as a part of their

undergraduate degree program. Graduate level programs typically require internships

abroad as a part of their curriculum at many universities.

As the global employment market grows more competitive and the demand for skills

more specialized, it is essential that you match up your academic experience with some

real world work experience and skills training. Over 2.5 million university graduates are

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entering the workforce in the USA alone each year and a bachelor's degree simply is

not enough anymore.

Employers are seeking individuals with a well-rounded, comprehensive base of

education, including practical skills, prior work experience, foreign language proficiency,

and even industry contacts. Those who check more of these boxes, such as provided in

the Competitive Advantage Table, get the best jobs and have the most choices.

Evaluating where you are today and preparing for your future are as important as

developing the classes you seek for your degree program. You may not know all of the

questions to ask, but at least by using the Competitive Advantage Table you can get an

idea of how to prepare for your future success.

Mr. Freeborn engaged inlecture on internationalbusiness from a smallbusiness perspective.

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Chapter 3:YourProfessionalDevelopment

Most internship programs are devised to not only provide some of the most unique and

rewarding personal experiences in the world, but also to provide opportunity for

professional development through practical work experiences, internships, teaching

English as a second language, volunteer programs, and more.

It is no secret that the work force, much like college admissions, is becoming more and

more competitive. In many instances, a Bachelor's Degree is not enough to secure that

'dream job', or any job for that matter. It is essential to differentiate oneself from the rest

of the pack by some means that will grab the attention of prospective employers.

Completing an internship is certainly one way of differentiating yourself, but an

internship abroad takes that a step further by proving your adaptability to live and work

in a foreign environment while demonstrating your eagerness to truly set yourself at the

head of the pack. Simply living and working in a foreign environment speaks volumes of

your character and ambition that may offer many opportunities.

Here is a sample list of opportunities awaiting you:

International Internships in all professional areas Teaching English as a Second Language (TESOL) around the world Volunteer Programs working with typically developing nations High School and Gap Year specific programs Adventure travel programs to add a little spice to the tourist experience Summer Programs for those who only have a short time to spend abroad Opportunities to develop one's character, enhance one's resume, and make

invaluable personal and professional contacts around the globe

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If you already have second language skills, an internship abroad will allow you to put

into practice what you have learned in the classroom. There is no better experience

than being immersed into the culture that goes along with the language.

If you are just learning a second language, immersion into the language with first-hand

experience offers you a fast track to putting the lessons into reality by using the

language you are studying on a daily basis. Academics all agree that cultural immersion

is the fastest way to learn a second or new language.

The addition of second language skills as a part of your resume will separate you from

the rest of the pack of applicants. Remember, employers seek quality and value. Having

experience living and working abroad combined with second language skills will help

place you at the top of the list of candidates.

Students tour production facilitiesto view modern manufacturing

techniques for fulfillinginternational orders.

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International internshipsincrease your job opportunitiesby over 15 times!

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Chapter 4:LocatingInternshipOpportunities

Opportunities exist abroad however there may be many companies locally that you may

wish to check out. You may be surprised to find that several small, medium and large

sized businesses in your community have internship programs for college level

students.

There may be unique opportunities to work with local companies to complete your

internship requirements. Many businesses have some international exposure or are

seeking to explore overseas trade. Your participation may provide a mutual platform to

learn about various businesses in your area while getting the necessary experience as

a part of your degree program.

For some companies, your internship may be a valuable asset to their exploration of

international business. You will be able to practice in the real world what you have been

learning in the classroom. The business benefits because you will be providing a

resource that they may not have had the chance to develop.

Your first stop should be with your counselor or advisor’s office. The school typically

maintains a relationship within the local business community and their connections can

prove to be an invaluable asset to your internship exploration.

Other resources that you may also wish to include in your internship exploration may be

various Chambers of Commerce, International Business Clubs, the local World Trade

Center, etc.

You will want to do your homework on any company you may wish to explore for your

internship. It is important to match up your interest level to the company you wish to

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work for. You can take any internship, but designing your wish list doesn’t hurt either.

You just never know what’s out there until you do a little home work.

The following are some resources you may wish to check out to see if the business is a

right match for you:

Company Website Industry Associations Better Business Bureau

Press Releases News Articles Client Referrals

Dunn & Bradstreet Hoovers

Once you have completed your investigation of the company, you may wish to develop

a list of questions you may want to ask if you get an opportunity for an interview.

Companies want you to be prepared to ask questions about their business. It shows

that you have interest in their company and offers you the chance to connect one on

one with your interviewer.

Interns discover the process ofcoordinating small business

practices for exporting such asdocumentation, meeting

international quality regulations,and the process of preparing

internal procedures forconducting overseas trade.

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Chapter 5:MakingFirstContact

Once you have a list of candidate companies that you have developed personally or

with the help of your school, you will want to make contact with the business to secure

an initial interview.

In today’s fast paced work environment, it is important that you make a great impression

from the initial contact and all follow up connections, interviews, correspondence, phone

calls, etc. No company wants to invest their time with someone they have to babysit.

They will be seeking professionals to compliment their team. It will be up to you to step

up to the challenge and make a professional presentation of your education, skills, and

what you can offer the business.

Your first step for most companies will be to send a Letter of Introduction to the point of

contact provided by your school or the person you identified in your research. You will

want to also include any information about your interest in the business you are

soliciting. What do you bring to the table to inspire a company to want to interview you

and potentially offer you an internship? Here you will want to be creative but not overly

wordy. By studying the company’s website and learning key information about their

trade or business you will set yourself apart from most people just looking for an

internship. You will want to include the following with your Letter of Introduction:

• Letter of reference from your school

• Letter of reference from any previous employer

• Letter of reference from professional resources

• A current photo

• Transcripts

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It is important that you package your material in a professional manner. Use quality

paper and never send out material that has obvious marks from multiple copies from a

poor copy machine. When possible, use a full sized envelope to mail your documents

and prevent folding any papers whenever possible. Nobody likes to open an envelope

and unfold a bunch of papers.

Hand deliver your material to a prospective employer when possible. They may not

have time to meet with you initially, but it does show initiative and true interest in the

company. Obviously this is not possible for international companies however it is a great

gesture for any local businesses.

Once you have made first contact with a company, you will want to follow up to ensure

the point of contact received your Letter of Introduction and any additional material you

may have sent. Be courteous and never follow up so much that you are a pest.

Companies have a business to run so be courteous in your contact efforts.

On the job in atypical office workenvironment.

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Reaching out to the businesscommunity is a great way tolocate internships.

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Chapter 6:Preparingfor YourInterview

Once you have been successful getting an interview appointment, you are now in the

first stage of selling yourself to the company as a valuable asset.

For an overseas company, you may be engaged in a webcam or video conference

using Skype or other means of connection. This may also be true for a domestic or local

company if distance is an issue or multiple people may be involved with the interview

process. It will be important for you to be prepared for such an interview event.

You should always be professionally dressed for every interview. You must treat a video

interview with as much enthusiasm and professionalism as if you were meeting face to

face. It will be important for your environment to be free of any potential distractions for

a video interview. Remember this may be your only shot at the internship so keep

yourself and your environment as professional as possible.

Most international companies have a domestic office here in the U.S.A. and may

conduct their interviews at this location. Be prepared to travel when necessary and

within reason. Most companies will pay for your transportation and reasonable

expenses for travel. If they do not, pass on this company because they are not prepared

to support your internship.

Acid Test Qualification Questions

When preparing for your interview it is important that you are prepared to answer some

basic or “acid test” qualification questions. These types of questions are typically used

to conduct a fast pass on your interest and your ability to work in a business

environment.

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Here are some basic “acid test” pre-interview types of questions to expect:

1. Have you visited our website? If you reply “no”, then this is the first caution flag of

the interview.

2. Can you provide examples of your foreign language capabilities? This is a must if

you plan to do your internship overseas. If your resume shows written and

spoken foreign language capabilities, then you should be able to demonstrate

your spoken language skills with the interviewer and provide examples of your

written work beyond the cover letter and resume.

3. Do you have transportation to be available during the working hours of the

company for the internship? Many international students use public

transportation. If the company is remote or not

near public transportation, this could be a problem. Sometimes you can arrange

to car pool, so be sure to explore this option as well.

4. Do you have a laptop to conduct your work during the internship? This may seem

to be a minor consideration, however if the company does not have a work

station or computer resources to add another person, this becomes an important

asset to the company.

The key to a successful interview is preparation, organization, and planning. Take time

to prepare solid, job-related questions, and then ask yourself these questions

consistently to prepare yourself for a successful interview. The more prepared you are

the more focused you will be on the questions.

Questions you may encounter during a more formal or in-person type ofinterview:

1. Describe a difficult (project) (decision) or two you encountered in school or your

past jobs. How did you handle these situations? Were you satisfied with the

results? Would you try anything different today?

2. What are the abilities and qualities in yourself that will help you to be successful

in this position? Where do you think you might have some difficulty?

3. If selected for the internship, when do you believe you can start?

4. When do you believe your internship will be completed or finished?

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5. The company expects you to be available for about 30 to 40 hours per week

minimum. Are you available to work 30 to 40 hours per week? More, if requested

or needed to complete the assignment(s)?

6. Do you have any planned personal or family travel scheduled during the time of

your internship with our company? If yes, when and for what duration?

Once you have the basics of the formal interview process under your belt, you will need

to be prepared to ask a few questions yourself during the interview. Since the company

has expressed interest in you, you now need to show some curiosity in the company

and be prepared to reciprocate with a set of your own questions.

Although these questions may be covered in the company’s formal training process, it

doesn’t hurt to be prepared to ask questions of the interviewer. Keep in mind that the

person interviewing you may not be the person that you will have direct reporting

responsibilities. Therefore it is a good idea to know as much about the company as

possible.

Questions to ask the company as a base to let the company know your interest intheir internship program is more than just a casual inquiry:

1. What is the dress code?

2. Does your company have scheduled breaks for lunch?

3. Is there a formal safety & first aid training program?

4. Does the company have a smoking policy?

5. Are there emergency & security procedures I need to be aware of?

6. What are your company’s internet and email policies?

7. Will I be required to sign any non-disclosure agreements or confidentiality

statements?

8. Does your company require that I participate in any haz-mat or & right to know

training [domestic companies only]

9. Will I receive orientation on the use of the company’s general office equipment

such as phones, fax, etc.?

10. Who would I report to as a part of my internship? If that person is not available,

who would be the next direct point of contact?

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Being prepared to ask business related questions is an important for you as it is for the

interviewer. Demonstrating your curiosity in the formal processes or operations of the

company also help to develop an awareness on behalf of the company on things they

may have overlooked as a part of their internship program. So your questions may also

help prepare the company for your internship.

Interns receive on the job training fromqualified government professionals withorganizations such as the U.S. Departmentof Commerce and the U.S. Small BusinessAdministration as a part of the FDG GlobalInternational Internship Program.

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Knowing how interviews areconducted helps you relax andprepare to demonstrate yourinterest & value to a company.

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Chapter 7:DefiningYourInternship

Many companies have a well defined and established internship training program.

These types of internships are valuable and will provide you with a rewarding and

hopefully challenging opportunity for real world business experiences.

Believe it or not, not all companies have well defined internship programs. They may be

providing a community service type of alliance with your school and others but do not

offer any true work related experience.

Your internship should not consist of making coffee, running personal errands, providing

janitorial services, or other mundane non business related chores. As a part of your

interview process you should explore exactly what the company’s internship program is

all about. If they do not have a formal job description available or cannot provide you the

details of the job, then you may be wasting your time.

You will find a wide variety of companies with quality real world opportunities seeking

students available to work on their project assignments. The key is keeping it

professional and have fun along the way. Remember this is a learning experience for

you. It will become a unique and rewarding experience for you and of value to the

company.

As a part of the original Interview process, you would have discovered qualities about

the company that meet or exceed your expectations on how you will fit in with the

company’s internship program. If at any time during the interview and review process

you discover something you may be uncomfortable with, discuss this with the company

and try to resolve the issue long before you find yourself on the job. It is a total waste of

both party’s time and energy if there is something about the internship that you really

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feel is not of value or in your best interest and keep you from doing your best during

your internship with the company.

It is also important to note that there are going to be many things about the real world of

business that you may not be familiar. It will be critical for you to understand that you

have much to learn along the way. If you are use to a faster paced environment of

school and find the workplace is much slower, you will have to learn some patience

here. The company’s primary day to day business will take precedence over your

internship.

If, on the other hand, the internship is at a much faster pace than your abilities, you will

need to discuss such things with the person your report to immediately. Possibly they

may have assigned too much to you during the internship and not realized the volume

of work or you have not been properly trained for the job. Either way communication is

critical during your internship.

Interns participate in technology centerdemonstration with guests from

Indonesia at the Emerson Center forEngineering and Manufacturing located

on the Florissant Valley CommunityCollege Campus in Ferguson Missouri.

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Using your strengths andeducation can help define yourvalue to a company.

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Chapter 8:InternshipAssessmentTime

One important area of consideration that most students miss is whether or not there will

be any type of formal assessment of their performance on the job. Periodic feedback

from the company relative to your effectiveness within their internship program is vital.

You should know whether or not the company has a formal assessment program or if it

is more casual in nature.

Some companies have a formal thirty day, sixty day or ninety day employee review or

evaluation program. The evaluation is usually structured in such a way that it covers all

critical areas of the internship and offers you feedback on the quality of your

performance on the job.

Additionally it is important that you know whether or not you are receiving academic

credit for your internship as the performance evaluations will apply towards your grade.

Be sure to check with your teacher, advisor or internship counselor for details. If you are

receiving academic credit they may have specific review forms that will require the

company to complete on your behalf.

Whether the company has a formal review process or you have forms from the school

that will need to be completed as a part of the academic credit process, you should be

prepared for what you can expect from such assessments.

It is important to note that an assessment or evaluation is an important tool for your

internship. This is the real world stuff and it essential that you realize that just as

performance in school brings about consequences regarding your grades, the real world

of business does the same thing.

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The big difference between school and business is that in business such performance

evaluations are used to determine whether or not you meet the expectations of the job,

require additional training, you qualify for a raise or even a job promotion. In some

cases reviews are also used to terminate an individual that does not meet the

expectations of the company or the job assignment.

If the company you work with does not have an official assessment or evaluation

system/program, you may inquire if they would be willing to provide you with some type

of evaluation for your internship. You may use the Performance/Evaluation form herein

on the next page as a guide.

Your school may also have reporting requirements of the company offering you an

internship. It may or may not be similar to the Performance/Evaluation example used in

this guide. In most all cases you will most likely have an opportunity to see whatever

review is used for your internship and have an opportunity to respond.

Mr. Freebornaddressesgroup oninternationaltrade.

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Following is a sample quick assessment or performance review form. It covers many of

the critical areas of the job.

Performance/Evaluation Poor Fair Good Excellent OutstandingAttendance(punctuality) XProductivity

(volume of work; promptness) XQuality of work

(accuracy, intelligence, neatness) XInitiative

(self-starter, resourceful) XDependability

(thorough, organized) XAttitude

(enthusiasm, curiosity, ambition) XInterpersonal relations

(cooperative, courteous, friendly) XAbility to learn

(comprehension, on-taskadjustments)

X

Use of academic background(applied education to internship

project)X

Communication skills(oral and written) X

Judgment(maturity, decision-making) X

Overall performanceX

This report would be considered an excellent assessment or review of the individual’s

performance. If an “X” had appeared in any of the Poor or Fair boxes, this would

indicate problem areas in need of improvement.

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Performance reviews are thebest tools to know how you aredoing on the job.

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Chapter 9:ProfessionalInternshipReferrals

At some point your internship program will come to an end with the host company.

Hopefully the experience was favorable for everyone involved.

Another integral part of the internship program with a host company is their professional

recommendation or referral letter. The referral letter provides a credible reference for

your internship. Just as you offered reference letters to support your internship proposal

to get the job, you will want to get a reference letter from your host company.

A reference letter from the company you have completed your internship will provide

you with:

1. A current reference letter

2. An update for your resume on your professional experience

Not all companies will provide a reference letter. This may be something you wish to

explore during the interview process. If the company doesn’t provide a reference letter,

for whatever reason, possibly they may if you inquire initially during the interview

process. This way the company already knows your expectations towards receiving a

professional referral from their company at the completion of your internship.

On the next page is a sample letter you may wish to use as a guide to help the

company prepare a reference letter on your behalf.

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Date: June 1, 20XX

Professional Reference Letter for

Ms./Mr. Full Name Here

To Whom It May Concern

This Reference Letter is offered with the highest respect and regards for theprofessional work and business ethics of Your Full Name Here

Your First Name Here is an energetic, capable and competent individual with very goodpeople skills and business acumen. It has been my pleasure to have this individual onour team of professionals.

Specifically, Your First Name Here performed market research and work with a varietyof resources to complete assigned projects. He/She worked with a variety ofprofessional trade development organizations [you may wish to list organizations here]and supervisors within Their Company Name Here.

Your First Name Here is an enthusiastic self-starter who has an interest in learning newbusiness skills through practical application from assigned projects.

It has been a pleasure having Your First Name Here as an integral part of our team andHe/She will be an asset to any company He/She chooses to work for.

Respectfully,

Supervisor’s Signature HereSupervisor Name Printed HereSupervisor’s Company Title

33

Understanding managementstyles will help you relate toyour supervisor.

34

Chapter 10:UnderstandingManagementPersonalities

How would you define the management style of any business? Aresupervisors managers or a leaders? Is it difficult to move from task to taskor are they very flexible when it comes to retaining and evaluating a lot ofdifferent information? Perhaps the idea of having to manage others reallyturns them off. On the other hand, maybe they're the type who has neverbeen bothered by the idea of having to delegate and enjoys the challenge oflong-range planning.

There are all different types of managers; some are much more successfulthan others. Many times managerial success is directly tied to their ownpersonal strengths and weaknesses as well as their personal action style.The chart below outlines three common management action styles anddescribes the strengths and weaknesses of each type.

What are managers or a leaders? You may have heard these two termsthrown out interchangeably, however they are two very different animalswith different personalities, experiences and world views. Learning whetheryour supervisor is more of a leader or more of a manager will offer youinsight and self-confidence and will result in greater impact and effectivenesswhen dealing with others and your internship.

35

Action Style Choices For Managers

INACTIVE REACTIVE PROACTIVE

Who is leading?Co-workers, chance,nearest personality

disorder.

Chance, nearestpersonality disorder. You.

Can subordinatesdepend on leader(trust)?

No. Cannot predictwhat will happen.

Yes. Can expect late,usually disorganized,

often negativebehavior.

Yes. Can feel safebecause they trust

action even when theydisagree.

Frequency of stresssituations

Immediately, at levelof chance; increasesover time because

team does not developto meet increasing

demands.

Never-ending; oftenself-producing.

Little emotional stress(burnout); physicalstress only when

systems aretemporarily disrupted.

Severity of impactOften unknown until

after weeks or months,then severe.

Severe; to survive,staff block awareness;

subordinate staffproductivity is minimal.

Minimal for givenissues and of brief

duration.

Quality of training forsubordinates

Little, if any, effectivetraining provided; most

done by othersubordinates.

Training negativebecause it's given tocorrect action already

taken.

Organized; gives whatis expected to do job,time to practice, and

re-evaluate.

Productivity

Random level; leveldevelopment on one or

few individualsubordinates.

Low level; too busy toget any task done; lotsof partially completedtasks cause lessenedlevel of support from

others.

Good level; efficientuse of time and

resources.

Service DeliveryBy individual, not

team, so notconsistent.

Higher than needed;number of poor

decisions because oftime.

Consistent; slowlychanging andimproving.

From the chart you probably noticed that being proactive as a manager willget you much further and is less stressful than being either reactive orinactive. So why is it that all managers don't take a proactive approach?Managers are people too. Like everyone else in the world, they have theirown strengths, perceptions and weaknesses.

We are going to evaluate the different personality styles of managers versusleaders, the attitudes each have toward goals, their basic conceptions ofwhat work entails, their relationships with others, and their sense of self (orself-identity) and how it develops. Last of all, we will examine leadershipdevelopment and discover what criteria are necessary for leaders to reachtheir full potential.

36

First of all, let's take a look at the difference in personality styles between amanager and a leader.

Managers - emphasize rationality and control, are problem-solvers (focusingon goals, resources, organization structures, or people), often ask question,"What problems have to be solved, and what are the best ways to achieveresults so that people will continue to contribute to this organization?", arepersistent, tough-minded, hard-working, intelligent, analytical, tolerant, andhave goodwill toward others.

Leaders - are perceived as brilliant, but sometimes lonely, achieve control ofthemselves before they try to control others, can visualize a purpose andgenerate value in work, and are imaginative, passionate, non-conformingrisk-takers.

Managers and leaders have very different attitudes toward goals.

Managers - adopt impersonal, almost passive, attitudes toward goals, decideupon goals based on necessity instead of desire and are therefore deeplytied to their organization's culture, and tend to be reactive since they focuson current information.Leaders - tend to be active since they envision and promote their ideasinstead of reacting to current situations, shape ideas instead of respondingto them, have a personal orientation toward goals, and provide a vision thatalters the way people think about what is desirable, possible, and necessary.

Now let's look at managers' and leaders' conceptions of work.

Managers - view work as an enabling process, establish strategies and makedecisions by combining people and ideas, continually coordinate and balanceopposing views, are good at reaching compromises and mediating conflictsbetween opposing values and perspectives, act to limit choice, and toleratepractical, mundane work because of a strong survival instinct which makesthem risk-averse.Leaders - develop new approaches to long-standing problems and openissues to new options, first use their vision to excite people and only thendevelop choices which give those images substance, focus people on sharedideals and raise their expectations, and work from high-risk positionsbecause of strong dislike of mundane work.

37

Managers and leaders have very different relations with others.

Managers - prefer working with others, report that solitary activity makesthem anxious, are collaborative, maintain a low level of emotionalinvolvement in relationships, attempt to reconcile differences, seekcompromises, and establish a balance of power, relate to people accordingto the role they play in a sequence of events or in a decision-makingprocess, focus on how things get done, maintain controlled, rational, andequitable structures, and may be viewed by others as inscrutable, detached,and manipulative.

Leaders - maintain inner perceptiveness that they can use in theirrelationships with others, relate to people in intuitive, empathetic way, focuson what events and decisions mean to participants, attract strong feelings ofidentity and difference or of love and hate, and create systems where humanrelations may be turbulent, intense, and at times even disorganized.

The Self-Identity of managers versus leaders is strongly influenced by theirpast.

Managers - report that their adjustments to life have been straightforwardand that their lives have been more or less peaceful since birth, have asense of self as a guide to conduct and attitude which is derived from afeeling of being at home and in harmony with their environment seethemselves as conservators and regulators of an existing order of affairswith which they personally identify and from which they gain rewards, reportthat their role harmonizes with their ideals of responsibility and duty,perpetuate and strengthen existing institutions, and display a lifedevelopment process which focuses on socialization. This socializationprocess prepares them to guide institutions and maintain the existingbalance of social relations.

Leaders - reportedly have not had an easy time of it, their lives are markedby a continual struggle to find some sense of order, do not take things forgranted and are not satisfied with the status quo, report that their sense ofself is derived from a feeling of profound separateness, may work inorganizations, but they never belong to them, report that their sense of selfis independent of work roles, memberships, or other social indicators ofsocial identity, seek opportunities for change (i.e. technological, political, orideological), support change, find their purpose is to profoundly alter human,economic, and political relationships, and display a life development processwhich focuses on personal mastery. This process compels them to strugglefor psychological and social change.

38

As you can see, managers and leaders are very different animals. It isimportant to remember that there are definite strengths and weaknesses inboth types of individuals. Managers are very good at maintaining the statusquo and adding stability and order to our culture. However, they may not beas good at instigating change and envisioning the future. On the other hand,leaders are very good at stirring people's emotions, raising theirexpectations, and taking them in new directions (both good and bad).However, like artists and other gifted people, leaders often suffer fromneuroses and have a tendency toward self-absorption and preoccupation.

You must develop management skills for your business, whether they comenaturally or not. However, what do you do if you believe you are, in fact, aleader - a diamond in the rough? What can you do to develop as a leader?Throughout history, it has been shown again and again that leaders haveneeded strong one-on-one relationships with teachers whose strengths lie incultivating talent in order to reach their full potential. If you think you are aleader at heart, find a teacher that you admire - someone who you canconnect with and who can help you develop your natural talents andinterests. Whether you reach glory status or not, you will grow in ways younever even imagined.

39

Chapter 11:Adding Valueto YourInternship

All companies are in business for one reason and one reason only…to make money!

Your internship should provide the company with an asset that will either reduce costs,

improve efficiency, increase sales or offer help in areas currently underserved by

existing company operations.

So how does a college student add value to a company when you have no practical

experience or valuable knowledge to bring to the business? I am asked this question

hundreds of times each year by students and business people alike. So what do you as

a new kid on the block bring to the business that a company will see some benefit?

Let’s take a close look at what you have to offer any business interested in opening their

doors for an internship opportunity for you:

1. You are an eager person ready, willing and mostly able to help their company.

2. You have latest education and information to support their business.

3. You have access to incredible resources at the universities and more.

4. You could save a company tens of thousands of dollars in project research.

5. You have not been corrupted by years at the same job doing the same old stuff.

In this chapter I am going to provide you with some key business information you need

to become a valuable member of any company’s international team. You will learn the

secrets used by global gurus to make their companies successful. Now that you have

some idea of what you bring to any business, we will take a look at how you can do

more than just learn their business.

40

You already know that all businesses are in the business to make money. Some are

better than others at being profitable. What separates the more profitable companies

from the less profitable business entities is more than just hard work and long hours.

Sometimes it is just pure luck or being at the right place at the right time.

When drilling down through the evidence the more profitable companies know

something the others don’t. In some cases they work less hours and not nearly as hard.

So what does this have to do with your internship? You are going to explore how you

can become a valuable asset to the international team. You are going to learn the

process or evolution of a company to be successful in overseas trade and then mold

yourself into a valuable asset that the company will see as value to their business.

There are basically Seven Steps to understanding the export business. Here we will

explore what those steps are and you can figure out how you can fit into any and/or all

of the process. Once you have all of the pieces of the puzzle together you can put

yourself into the right spot to complete the picture.

There are a set of specific steps that are suggested in order to develop a business

model for any company in preparing their export business plan, identifying business

opportunities, and making sound decisions for international trade. The following Seven

Step Guide is for companies new to international trade or who wish to expand their

business into new global markets.

41

Seven Steps to Exporting Success

Step One:

You must identify the product or service of a company in a manner that prospective

buyers and/or government agencies can determine what your company has to offer. In

the U.S., the North American Industrial Classification System, or NAICS, is used to

categorize your product or service. Therefore, your first step is to classify the company’s

product or service.

The company may have more than one NAICS, so be prepared to find all of the NAICS

codes for the company. You will need to go to the following website for this First Step:

http://www.naics.com/search.htm

Step Two:

Now armed with the NAICS for the company’s products and/or services, you will need to

identify what countries have interest in the type of products and services the company

has to offer. This can be accomplished in many ways, but I always recommend

introducing the company to the local U.S. Export Assistance Center. You will find a

team of dedicated professionals available to assist in helping you help the company

develop the search tools for their business. Also check out Tapping Into Available

Resources later in this chapter for additional help finding opportunities for their

company’s products and/or services.

For a listing of U.S. Export Assistance Center [USEAC], use the following link and

locate the nearest office to the company:

http://www.buyusa.gov/home/export.html

42

Step Three:

Select an English speaking country or English language friendly country to develop your

“first look” at export opportunities. More than half the planet speaks English, so don’t get

caught up in trying to sell to China or Brazil overnight! The U.S. Department of

Commerce, the U.S. Small Business Administration and the U.S. Census Bureau all

have trade statistics to guide you towards the U.S. friendly trading partners for the

company you are working.

The company must complete a marketing and cost analysis. Once completed they are

now ready to make some basic “go” and/or “no-go” decisions about the company’s

export plans. This is where many companies get hung up or run into problems because

they don’t know what to do next!

If the plan is a “go”, their homework has been beneficial to the company. If the plan is a

“no-go”, keep in mind it may be a no-go for only the country investigated, or possibly

one or more of the company’s products or services are just not appropriate for

international trade by their business at this time.

This can be an exciting time because you now know the process steps to take and can

then use these same steps for another country and other products and services offered

by the company.

Step Four:

Identify financial resources that complement their business plan model. There are no

magic formulas for picking the right type of financing for any company. You will need to

work with local banks and their ability to coordinate their financial instruments for their

business. This may include such things as a Letter of Credit, Insured Payment

Programs, Loan Guarantees to the bank via federal agencies, and even foreign bank

participation. The U.S. Small Business Administration has an International Finance

Specialist in most of the USEAC offices. This is a great place to start when seeking

funding for international contract financing.

43

Step Five:

Create sales opportunities for the company’s products and services. This can be done

relatively inexpensively if the company has a good marketing website. Since most of the

world does business in English these days, language barriers of the past are not as

prevalent. Sometimes just reinventing the website can make a huge difference in the

sales of products and services overseas.

The USEAC office will provide valuable information regarding trade shows and

government sponsored programs to promote companies overseas.

Step Six:

You will need to discover the Harmonized Shipping Codes for the products and services

of the company. While domestically we use the NAICS codes to identify our products

and services, the rest of the world uses HS Codes for all shipping transactions. The HS

Codes break down the product and service into more well defined generic terms that is

readily understood by the shipping community and most international buyers.

Step Seven:

You are now ready to repeat the process for another product line or even another

country. As your confidence increases with your ability to soundly and safely benefit

from international marketing and sales opportunities, you will have assisted the

company in becoming the next exporting success story.

44

Seven Steps to Exporting Success

You are now armed with more information about the Seven Steps to Exporting Success

than most businesses. Just having the basic outline and the resources to connect to

help a company will set you far above most internship candidates. Just imagine in your

interview you discuss the company’s NAICS numbers and their HS Codes! The person

interviewing you probably has no clue as to what you are talking about so it is important

to not demonstrate too much knowledge or showmanship about the Seven Steps

process.

Identify NAICSNumbers for

Company

Find SuitableMarkets

CompleteMarketing &Cost Analysis

IdentifyFinanceOptions

Create SalesOpportunities

Identify HSCodes & Ship

Repeat Processfor New Markets

The chart simplifies the

Seven Step process towards

exporting success.

45

S.W.O.T. Analysis for International Business

Another area we will explore now is called a S.W.O.T. analysis. S.W.O.T. stands for

Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threats. These are terms used to gage how

strategically positioned a company may be today and they may chart new opportunities

or seek to move into new business endeavors. Most companies do not do an adequate

SWOT analysis of their business to see whether or not their existing business is on solid

ground let alone if some new venture should be explored.

Understanding how to use a SWOT analysis for any company will be of great value. The

biggest problem with using a SWOT analysis is understanding that it is nothing more

than a tool. It does not serve as a “go” or “no-go” gage for business decisions. It merely

points out where the company is today and what things need to be examined to make

the company stronger or how to better utilize current assets.

The hardest part of any SWOT analysis is determining what types of questions to ask

about the company or a given project. This is where you can become an invaluable

asset because you are about to discover the key questions for each area of the SWOT

analysis for any company already doing international business or any business

exploring overseas trade.

Let’s look at a basic SWOT diagram:

45



















Strength Weakness

ThreatOpportuntiy

45



















46

The four empty boxes around the SWOT circle are designed for adding comments

about the areas of the company that are appropriate values for each box. Experience

has proven that when developing a SWOT analysis for a business, especially

international trade, the boxes just don’t provide enough space to offer all of the

qualifying statements or questions necessary.

This is where you will bring value to any business. You are going to discover the basic

set of questions and statements utilized in a real world SWOT analysis for any

business.

Let’s first look at STRENGTHS: A company may wish to assign a value to each line

item or determine if the statement is True, Not Applicable or Not True.

Category Question

1 Competence We have a high level of competence2 Competitive Skill We have competitive skill3 Experience Curve We are ahead on the experience curve4 Financial Resources We have adequate finance resources

5 Reputation We have a good reputation with buyers6 Market Leadership We are an acknowledged market leader7 Organizational Design We have well-conceived functional areas

8 Economies of Scale We have access to economies of scale9 Competitive Pressure We are somewhat insulated from strong competitive pressures10 Proprietary Technology We have proprietary technology11 Marketing Effectiveness We have better advertising campaigns than the competition

12 Product Development We are good at creating new products13 Management We have strong management14 Technical Skills We have superior /technological/technical skills

15 Cost/Price We have a cost/price advantage

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Now we will examine WEAKNESS: Here again values may be added to the chart.

Category Question1 Strategy We have no clear strategic direction2 Facilities Our facilities are obsolete3 Management We are lacking managerial depth and talent4 Key Competencies We are missing key skills or competencies

5 Strategy Implementation We have a poor track record in implementing strategy6 Internal Operations We are plagued with internal operating problems7 R&D We are falling behind on Research & Development

8 Product/Service Line We have a narrow product line9 Market Image We have a weak market image10 Marketing Skills We have below average marketing skills11 Financial Resources We are unable to finance needed strategy changes

12 Cost Structure We have higher overall costs relative to our key competitors13 Profitability We have subpar profitability14 Customer Service We have poor customer service

15 Partnerships We have an under-performing representative network

We have looked at some of the types of questions for the different categories for

Strengths and Weaknesses. Now we shall explore Opportunities and Threats.

Let’s take a look at OPPORTUNITIES first:

Category Question1 Prospects There are additional customer groups that we could serve2 Markets There are new markets or market segments to enter3 Product/Service

EnhancementWe can expand our products/service line to meet customer needsfor international markets

4 Product Line Expansion We can diversify into related products for overseas sales5 Vertical Integration We can control domestic/international sourcing or supply activities

(vertical Integration)6 Foreign Trade Falling trade barriers are opening foreign markets to us7 Rival Complacency Our rivals are becoming complacent8 Market Growth The international market is growing faster than in the past9 Regulatory Overhead Fewer regulatory requirements will make doing business overseas

easier for us10 Overseas

RepresentationWe have access to international representation and/or resources

11 Ex-Im and SBA Funding We will investigated export financing for our export sales12 Dept of Commerce

AssistanceWe will request assistance from our local US Export AssistanceCenter

13 Freight Forwarding We will contact an international freight forwarder to help withdocumentation and shipping requirements

14 Internships We will establish and international internship program to assist withour marketing efforts

15 Business Plan We will complete a formal international business plan

48

And finally we examine the THREATS of the business:

Category Question1 Foreign Competition Low-cost foreign competitors are entering the market2 Substitute Products Sales of substitute product/services are rising3 Market Growth The market is growing more slowly than we expected4 Foreign Trade

EnvironmentThere are adverse shifts in foreign exchange rates and/or tradepolicies

5 Regulatory Overhead Regulatory requirements are becoming onerous6 Business Cycle/Climate We are vulnerable to changes in the business cycle or to recessions7 Buyer/Supplier Power Our customers and/or suppliers are enjoying growing bargaining

power8 Market Requirements Buyer's needs and tastes are changing in directions that point away

from our current expertise9 Demographics Demographic changes are having a negative impact on business10 Entry Barriers It's easy to enter this industry (very low barriers to entry)11 Technology Technology could change this industry with little or no warning

12 Intellectual Property Intellectual property protection may be a problem13 Experience We have little or no overseas business experience14 Quality/Testing We cannot meet international certifications.

15 Internships We have no formal international internship program

Now you have some idea of the complexity of the nature of a SWOT analysis, how can

you be of value having this knowledge? Knowing what types of questions a business

must apply to their company helps you understand the nature of the company. A

company that uses any strategic tool to evaluate their ability to sustain profitability and

take charge to improve areas of weakness while capitalizing on their strengths is a

business you will learn from. A business that does not use a SWOT analysis or other

evaluation methods is most likely unsuccessful in their industry.

Armed with the knowledge of what a SWOT analysis is and how it applies towards

international business is a valuable tool for your arsenal of strengths you bring to the

table for your internship. You may be assigned a project, or numerous projects, during

your internship. By applying a SWOT analysis to the project you will be adding value to

your efforts. It will allow you to stop and ask questions along the way to ensure your

project(s) are completed on time and with value to the business.

Using a SWOT analysis for international business evaluations is an important tool you

may bring to a company if they are currently not engaged in overseas trade. By helping

the company bring about knowledgeable tools and assets to evaluate their current

situation you may be launching their business into new markets they would not have

49

discovered on their own. Additionally it will allow any business to perform a sound

analysis of where they are now and what steps are needed to ensure the success of

their export business.

Keep in mind that a SWOT analysis is nothing more than a tool. It helps guide decision

makers towards successful planning for the future. Companies may have other means

of determining their success such as the “Cash Box” method. This basically means that

if there is cash left over at the end of the month in the Cash Box after making all of the

company’s financial obligations then the company is doing ok.

50

The Ten Step Sales Process for International Business

We have looked at the typical Seven Step Process for Exporting Success and have

completed an orientation on the value of a SWOT analysis as a tool to help companies

evaluate their Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Now that you have

some of the business orientation stuff out of the way, let’s take a look at one of the most

important areas of any company, the Sales Process.

Unlike the Seven Step Process we examined earlier, here we will explode the Sales

Process into its various components. All companies have a Sales Process of one kind

or another. For international businesses the process is a bit different, but the basic Ten

Step Sales Process remains the same for most companies.

The importance of understanding the Sales Process is most often not shared by

everyone within the company. Total Quality Management Systems were supposed to

help improve company communications at all levels, however the Sales Process always

appears to be one of the most mysterious part of any company’s operations.

Without getting into a lot of detail, the following graphic pretty much sums up the Sales

Process:

50
















Process:

50
















Process:

51

Marketing & Finding Customers: The Sales Process always begins with some type of

Marketing. Marketing either locates potential customers or develops a system to attract

customers to the company. Seems pretty basic, but some companies spend more

money on marketing than any other part of their business. The job of Marketing is to find

customers.

Prospecting & Consensus: Once a customer has been identified, the job of Prospecting

or Qualifying the customer begins. In some cases it is merely a simple credit card

transaction. In others it is a very complex ordeal of providing drawings,

specifications, etc. to develop Consensus and Agreement with the customer that

they need to buy from the company.

Sample table of Unique Buying Motivates:

COMPANYLEVEL

TITLES BUYING MOTVES

Top Level PresidentVice President

ProfitPerformanceLiabilityAppearanceEmployee AcceptanceCustomer Service

Administrative Purchasing

Safety &Compliance

Bottom LineReliabilityPriceWarrantyCustomer Service

Safe ProductsRegulatory ComplianceTraining

Engineering Process EngineerProject EngineerChemical EngineerFacilities Mgt

Specifications OrientedVerifiable Details & Industry ExperienceRegulatory ComplianceCompliant to Production ProcessesUser FriendlyTraining

First LineManagement

Shop ForemanEquip MaintenancePlant ManagerProductionManager LineSupervisor

Labor ReductionSafetyTrainingWarranty ServiceSpare Parts AvailabilityCustomer Service

52

Pro Forma Invoice: Once you have developed consensus with a motivated buyer, you

have to provide them with a quotation of sorts to tell them what they are buying, the

price they will pay for the goods or services, and the terms and conditions of payment,

taxes, etc. For overseas quoting purposes, a Pro Forma Quotation is used to develop

agreement between the two parties as to what all of the terms and conditions of the sale

may entail.

A Pro-Forma Invoice is used for quoting purposes only. It is not the final Sales

Quotation that is used for the sale of the company’s products and/or services. When

both parties agree to the terms and conditions of the Pro-Forma Invoice, the company

has Closed the Sale!

Close Sale: The final Sales Contract or Purchase Order becomes an international legal

binding agreement by and between the buyer and the seller. Failure by either party to

satisfy the terms and conditions of the agreement can be litigated in international courts.

Such litigation is very expensive therefore most all international companies are careful

to make certain that the terms and conditions of the Sales Contract or Purchase Order

are satisfied.

We will not get into great detail on the nature of Prof Forma Quotations and Sales

Contracts for the purpose of this chapter. You can find out more about these documents

by searching on the internet the rules of law for these type of transactions.

Financing: Once the Sale is Closed most companies have to either use their own

internal financing to fulfill the requirements of designing, building and shipping an order

or they will use bank resources. The U.S. Export-Import Bank of America and the U.S.

Small Business Administration work closely to assist domestic businesses finance their

international transactions.

Order Fulfillment: When an order is received and placed into production or product is

shipped from existing inventory, this is the process of Order Fulfillment. The company

completes its obligation to ship the order or complete the service as contracted and is

paid in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Sales Order.

53

Delivery & Follow Up: The product is delivered to the customer or the service is

performed as contracted. This is where many company end their Sales Process unless

there is an installation or service issue after the sale. Successful companies use the

sale as an opportunity for additional sales to their customer or work with them as a

resource and/or referral for additional business.

Statistically, companies that have a great follow program enjoy more new sales and

even more repeat sales from existing customers. It is truly a full circle Sales Process for

successful companies.

International Business Plan Development:

Each step so far has taken you to the next logical evolution in Adding Value to Your

Internship. You are now armed with some of the basic tools to assist any company

prepare an International Business Plan for their company, product or service.

All of the tools in the world are of no value if there isn’t an organized repository for all of

the information, research, and data. This is where a business plan begins to take shape.

You may also find it interesting that many companies you may encounter do not have a

business plan or an updated version that incorporates their overseas business. This

knowledge alone will help set you apart from the crowd when being considered for an

internship with the company of your choice.

When a company comes up with an idea for their business, whether it is for the

development of an International Business Plan or a general business plan, how do you

go about assessing whether or not it is a good idea? How do you convince yourself (and

others) that you can make money exploiting the idea? A written business plan is one

way to evaluate an idea before committing to pursuing it. The process of creating the

plan can reveal factors that a company might otherwise not consider, and it can save

time and energy. If a company fails to plan, the company plans to fail.

If a company is new to international business, the need for a business plan is a must!

Once they have created a workable business plan, it can serve them well as the tool of

54

choice for tracking their business's progress. This chapter will provide you with help

towards developing the International Business Marketing Plan for any business.

For help on developing a business plan, check out the following websites with the U.S.

Small Business Administration’s Small Business Training Network:

Online Training: www.sba.gov/training/index.html

Business Plan Development: www.sba.gov [click on Small Business Planner]

Two questions at the top of almost every business owner's mind are: "How do I know if

my business is on track? Is there a simple mechanism that lets me know if I'm doing

okay?" It probably is no surprise that, until recently, even some very large companies

used a "cash box" approach to tracking business results. That is, every dollar that

comes in to the business goes into the cash box. All the expenses are paid from the

cash box. As long as the cash box is not empty and there is adequate money left over

for the business owner, everything is just fine.

Companies today require better ways to stay on top of their business performance. A

business plan can provide the foundation for a tracking system that lets them evaluate

their business progress. This tracking function gives them real-time feedback regarding

operations. Deviations between actual and planned results provide clues that can be

used to tweak or fine-tune certain elements of the plan.

Preparing for the future is what a business plan is all about. A business plan positions a

company to continue their planning habit beyond the period covered by their original

plan. They have already paid the upfront cost in time and effort to assemble a plan.

Refining it, revising it, and extending their projections beyond the original planning

window will consume far less of their time in the future.

You have already been provided with the basic essential tools to collect data and

evaluate attributes of a business by looking at the export process, SWOT analysis and

the sales process. The information you gather from the use of these systems will allow

you plug in key information into a business plan format.

55

Most companies know what a business plan is and its value to their company. They

may not have the necessary tools or information to prepare an International Business

Plan nor do they even know sometimes what types of information to collect and where

to include such information in the plan.

Keep in mind that even larger more sophisticated companies have many departments

involved with the business plan process such as:

• Executive office

• Administration

• Accounting

• Purchasing

• Engineering

• Product development

• Marketing

• Sales

• Etc.

As you can see, there are a lot of people involved with the business plan process within

a larger company. In a small business one person or two may have the collective

responsibility for one or all of these departmental functions. Where you fit in for a

company is where the strengths and academic background meet their goals and

objectives. Now that you are further along the business process you may offer

assistance in any or all of these departmental functions as needed.

Now we will take a look at a generic International Business Plan format. Keep in mind

that a business new to this process will find the planning phase a bit overwhelming. This

is where you bring value immediately to their company. Larger companies will have a

team or several teams to accomplish the same role. Your involvement may include

working in once specialty area or several depending upon the nature of your internship

and the skill level you bring to the table.

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Sample Index for an Export Business Plan

Table of ContentsExecutive Summary (Why Export?)

Mission StatementDefine Your Company’s Mission for Exporting

Market AnalysisMARKET SIZEMARKET TRENDSPRICING & COST ANALYSISCOMPETITORSSALES CHANNELSTRADE SHOWSTRADE EVENTSMARKET ENTRY STRATEGIESPROMOTION STRATEGIESKEY GOVERNMENT CONTACTSKEY PRIVATE INDUSTRY CONTACTSBEST PROSPECT OPPORTUNITYTRADE REGULATIONSSHIPPING, TAXES & TARIFSINTERNATIONAL TRADE GRANTS

Company ResourcesS.W.O.T. AnalysisEvaluation of Existing Capabilities & ResourcesEvaluation of Additional Resources Needed

FinanceExport Pro-Forma BudgetThree Year Pro-Forma FinancialsSBA/EX-IM Resources

Milestones“To-Do” List with Critical DataSet Realistic Target Dates for Company’s “7 Steps Towards Success ProgramPrepare Realistic Sales & Production QuotasAssign Measurable Tools for Success Other Than Sales

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The following is a list of things we have discussed in this chapter:

• Five things you offer as an intern to any business

• Seven Steps to Exporting Success

• S.W.O.T Analysis for International Business

• Ten Step Sales process for International Business

• Developing an Export Business Plan

Go back and review this chapter many times until you are comfortable with the

language and the importance of each of these tools. Be prepared to discuss these

topics during your interview if the opportunity arises. You may be asked to demonstrate

your technical skills in either of these areas from a classroom perspective. Now you

have the real world applications and processes that are used every day by corporate

America.

You are now armed with more resources and assets than most companies exploring

international business as a part of their future. As an intern you now bring more to the

table than just another student seeking a job or internship. You now have valuable tools

and knowledge to offer any company that offers you an internship.

Your job now will be to explore each of these assets on the internet to add even greater

understanding of how these tools can be utilized in the business environment. You are

preparing yourself to enter the real business world and now you have a chance to have

some of the most useful key ingredients of what makes a successful business

successful.

This chapter was written to open your mind and your interest to the real world of

business life. The tools you have learned herein are a part of more than ten years of

evolution working with many companies to enhance their international business. You

now have the opportunity to make a difference with your internship to become a part of

the business world and are now prepared to meet the challenges ahead.

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Understanding the business ofa company adds value to yourinternship.

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Chapter 12:Getting Readyfor CultureShock!

Foreign Language

Most of the world does not conduct business the way American companies are

accustomed. In fact, most countries are not prepared to do business with U.S.

companies either. If it were as simple as a language barrier, we could all just learn the

language of the country in which we wish to conduct business and everything would

mature naturally in the course of developing candidate prospects and making sales.

An interesting note regarding foreign languages:

• The French language used in France versus Montreal or French Guyana are not

exactly the same. Business terms and common street language have varying

definitions.

• The Spanish used in Spain versus Mexico, Chile, or Puerto Rico are also not

quite the same and some common words can even be offensive in other dialects.

• The English taught and spoken in America is not exactly the same as spoken in

the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, India, etc. Each country has their own

dialect and difference in the meaning of similar words or phrases.

If learning a foreign language would solve most of our business problems associated

with international trade, things would run a lot more smoothly. But unfortunately this is

not the case in the real world.

You will find that while traveling abroad most countries these days use their native

language and English on most of their signs at the airports, train stations, major bus

terminals, etc. Although English is not a universal language around the world, it is

60

recognized for the tourism industry in most major destinations. So it is not entirely

necessary that you speak a foreign language to travel on business.

We have found that in many cases our presentations and catalog materials are

requested in English most of the time. Unless we are discussing very technical details

about a project, most people around the world read and understand English, thanks to

Microsoft and the internet. They may not speak the English language but they do

understand the basics of the presentations.

In some cases, presentations are prepared in the native language of the country we are

visiting by request of the customer. Since we already know the contents of the

presentation, it is not all that difficult having the material in a foreign language,

especially when we are using interpreters. Anytime we have our presentations prepared

other than in English, we always use an interpreter.

Interpreters are typically provided by the companies we are visiting. If for some reason

this is not the case, we will hire a local interpreter by using the services of the US

Commercial Service in that country or the American Chamber of Commerce. We have

yet to find a country whereby an English speaking interpreter was not available to work

with us on a project. The costs are typically very modest for the work that is

accomplished on our behalf.

Dress Code

What we wear is an aspect of physical appearance which typically has social

significance. All countries and cultures have established and accepted standards for

how people dress. The rules may be unwritten, but generally are recognized and

understood by the general population within a geographic region.

How and what a person wears often provides key information about their social class,

how much money they make, what their job is, possibly their religion, whether or not

they are married, etc. What people wear provides an outward signal that makes some

type of statement that is readily recognized within the social population and culture of a

61

country. So what you wear and how you appear to others when you travel overseas can

say a lot about you personally and professionally.

Many cultures accept the standard business attire we are use to here in the U.S. as

pretty traditional worldwide. When you are meeting with people of authority or higher

management individuals, typically a professional business attire and look is most likely

expected for your first encounter. Once you have established some level of

communication with the people you meet, it is often that the more relaxed and

comfortable look may become more appropriate.

We have found that the more comfortable look and attire of your host in another country

is a signal that you have gained the trust and friendship of the people you are meeting

however, this is seldom the case with initial meetings and first contact scenarios.

Therefore, it is generally recommended that you review the accepted dress codes and

standards of the country you are visiting and plan your suitcase accordingly.

It is also important to not overdress when traveling overseas. Leave expensive jewelry

or personal items at home. There is a place and time for showmanship and when

meeting potential customers for the first time is not the time to be showing off. It also

can become a personal safety and security problem if you are prominently displaying

expensive jewelry or have expensive luggage. You do not want to become a statistic in

a foreign country of assault, robbery or possibly even worse scenarios. Dress for

success using some common sense.

You must know the geography of where you are traveling. If you are going to be around

the equator doing business, I can assure you that no one there wears a suit coat and

tie. Similarly if you are in moderate climate zones, you have to dress according to the

climate and weather conditions of your destination. If you are making several country

visits you may have a lot of luggage if your trip takes you to several geographic

destinations and climates.

Always plan on what you will be wearing depending upon the activity of the country you

are visiting. If you will be indoors for most of the visit in meetings, plan accordingly. If

your trip will also include leisure and playtime, make certain you are prepared for these

things as well.

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This all sounds very basic and of course makes common sense. You would not believe

how many business travelers get caught up in the planning of the trip and disregard the

need for careful planning of what to wear and what not to wear. How you dress can

determine the success or failure of your trip overseas.

Cultural Greetings & Etiquette

Knowing whether to shake hands, bow, hug or kiss when greeting business clients is as

important as knowing how you dress. This chapter will not go into all of the formal

greeting requirements when meeting people for the first time overseas. There is a

bestselling book and guide on this subject entitled “Kiss, Bow or Shake Hands” Doing

Business Around the World.

According to the publisher: Created by a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Kiss,

Bow, or Shake Hands delivers essential knowledge for business people who are

working abroad, traveling for business, or managing global teams from a domestic

location. It empowers people to open borders, minds, and markets in more than 60

countries around the world.

The book also has great information regarding traditional and non-traditional customs of

conducting business, dining etiquette, when to talk business in a social setting, etc. You

can find out more about this incredible resource at:

www.kissbowshakehands.com

This book should be a part of your reference library when considering traveling abroad

on business travel. Simple things such as exchanging business cards can go a long

way in developing rapport with your customers overseas. Knowing how and when to

make the exchange is as important as the initial greetings. So prepare yourself

professionally and you will enjoy greater success when doing business overseas.

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Exchanging Gifts

It is not all that uncommon for businesses to exchange gifts with their international

prospects when meeting for the first time. We are not talking about a new car or laptop

here! We are talking about something simple from your home state, city or even

business as a gesture of good will and demonstrating pride in your culture. Typically,

gifts from the people you are visiting are offered to you for the same purpose.

The exchange of gifts typically occurs either at the first meeting or your departure

meeting. We have found very little substantial evidence or set of rules that apply as to

when gifts are exchanged, therefore we allow our host or company we are visiting to

make the initial gesture. If for some reason our host does not offer a gift or token of our

visit, we may decide to hold off until a more reasonable or appropriate time may avail

itself.

Guests visiting our country are always provided with gifts or tokens of their visit to

America. It could be something as simple as a baseball cap from a well known baseball

team or some tasteful artwork designed and produced depicting our city’s skyline, etc.

Almost always, our visitors have gifts they bring from their country that will be offered at

the appropriate time of their meetings with us. So here again we kind of follow their

lead.

If for some reason a visitor from another country does not have a gift to exchange, do

not be concerned about embarrassing your guests. They will ensure that upon your visit

to their country that you are provided with some type of token of your visit to return

home with.

The bottom line in exchanging gifts is to develop rapport with the customer that goes

beyond just doing business. This is not providing special favors or gratuities. It is simple

good business practice to treat international clients as more than just a customer.

Exchanging inexpensive gift items can make a huge statement in your company’s ability

in understanding how overseas trade is conducted.

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Final Comments

While no book can ever prepare you for the real thing, hopefully this chapter has

opened your eyes a bit on what to expect when conducting business overseas. With a

little luck it will have lessened the International Culture Shock of doing global trade while

traveling to other countries.

The more you are prepared on what to expect when traveling, the more you can focus

on doing business knowing you are prepared for some cultural immersion. Learning

some of their language as a courtesy such as hello, good bye, thank you, good

morning, good afternoon, good evening, good night, may I have a glass of water, may I

use the toilet, etc. may go a long way in helping you break the ice with your customer.

Be prepared for an exciting experience as you learn to understand and share the culture

of your international customers. You don’t need to be an expert of globetrotting, but you

should be aware of the places you must travel for business to and from the country you

are visiting. Learn as much as you can about important historical events about where

you are traveling so you can show some interest in their country.

One last thought: never ever talk about such things like religion or politics, no matter

how savvy you may be on the topic. You never know the political party of the people

you are meeting nor do you have a clue about their religion. Be courteous when asked

about such things regarding America and kindly offer no knowledge or opinion on such

subjects about their country. The best policy here is to avoid such discussions when

possible.

International business is not so difficult when you know how to play in this giant

playground

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Important Cultural and Business Etiquette Links

Arabian Business & Cultural GuideTips on behavior in Arab countries.http://www.traderscity.com/abcg/culture.htm

Cultural Awareness InternationalCultural awareness training, relocation assistance and other serviceshttp://www.culturalawareness.com

Cultural Issues in Business CommunicationAn online cross-cultural communication tutorial for those firms going international.http://www.bena.com/ewinters/OnlineTutorial.html

Executive PlanetInternational guide to international business culture, customs, and etiquette.http://www.executiveplanet.com

Export EtiquetteTips for negotiating with people from other cultures in regard to communication, selling, pricing, serviceand warranty, regulatory issues and required product adaptation and shipping and storage.http://www.jrcanda.com/art_etiquette.html

Getting Through Customs - Passport DatabaseGTC produces the leading online database of global business practices, cognitive styles, culturaloverviews, medical & political information, contacts, religious & societal influences on business, protocol,Cultural I.Q. Quizzes, and more for international travelers.http://www.getcustoms.com/

Global SavvyCross-cultural consulting company.http://www.globalsavvy.com

Intercultural PressBooks, simulations, and other training materials about crossing cultures.http://interculturalpress.com/

International Business Etiquette and MannersSite that describes how to behave in international business situations in more than 30 countries.http://www.cyborlink.com/

Kiss, Bow or Shake Hands: How to do Business in Sixty CountriesInformation about cultural issues in business. Some of the things included are: tips on dressing forsuccess, a guide to making toasts in various countries, gift-giving etiquette, guidelines on greetings andterms of address, hints on when to give flowers, and much more.http://www.getcustoms.com/2004GTC/database.html

Kwintessential Country ProfilesInformation about language, useful phrases, the society, culture, business and social etiquette in morethan 45 countries.http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/country-profiles.html

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LearnAboutCultures.ComLearnAboutCultures.com provides international business people up-to-date and useful cross-culturalinformation.http://www.learnaboutcultures.com/

Managing Across CulturesInternational Management Consulting and Training firm, helping organizations to enhance theirinternational business productivity while working across cultures.http://managingcultures.com/

TCK WorldTCK World -- the website dedicated to the support and understanding of Third Culture Kids (TCKs):Military Brats, Missionary Kids, Foreign Service Kids, Corporate Kids, and others who have lived aschildren in foreign cultures.http://www.tckworld.com/

Terra CognitaProvider of multimedia cross-cultural training tools.http://www.terracognita.com/

The EdgeThe E-Journal of Intercultural Relations is an online journal where academic papers/essays,biographical/travel stories (fact or fiction), book reviews, poetry, photographs, paintings, drawings,teaching resources, short audio clips, etc. are posted on intercultural issues.http://www.interculturalrelations.com/Resources/theedge.htm

The Experiment in International LivingAn international nonprofit organization promoting intercultural learning through homestays, educationalgroup travel, study abroad, language training, au pair, and other cultural immersion programs.http://www.experiment.org/

Transitions AbroadAn online magazine dealing with the issues of living and/or travelling in countries that are not your homecountry.http://www.transitionsabroad.com/

Upon ArrivalCross cultural living information for women.http://www.sistergoldenhair.com/uponarrival/index.html

Window on the World Country ProfilesUseful information about the customs and etiquette of many countries in the world. Window on the Worldis a company that specializes in highly customized cross-cultural training, consulting, coaching anddestination assistance for global corporations.http://www.windowontheworldinc.com/countryprofile

World Values SurveyA comprehensive measurement of all major areas of human concern, from religion to politics to economicand social life.http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/

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Chapter 13:TappingIntoResources

One of the best sources of information is personal interviews with private and

government officials and experts. A surprisingly large number of people in both the

public and private sectors are available to assist exporters in any aspect of international

market research. Either in face-to-face interviews or by telephone, these individuals can

provide a wealth of market research information.

In the private sector, sources of market research expertise include local chambers of

commerce, world trade centers or clubs, and trade associations. Most state

governments maintain active export promotion offices. In the federal government,

industry and commodity experts are available through the U.S. Departments of

Commerce, State and Agriculture Economic Development Agencies, and the U.S. Small

Business Administration (SBA).

Additional Comments

Beginning on the next page is a list of available resources for you to investigate locating

the market research expertise in your area. Take advantage of the direct assistance

available as well as many of the online resources that can provide you with your

industry’s data for export trade.

Keep in mind that you are not alone in the process. There is a vast community of

agencies, associations, private and public trade organizations established to help. Be

patient and make your export experience profitable and enjoyable.

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Resource Directory List

Business America. This monthly publication of the Department of Commerce contains country-by-country marketing reports, incisive economic analyses, worldwide trade leads, advance notice of plannedexhibitions of U.S. products worldwide, and success stories of export marketing. (GPO:703-011-00000-4).Contact Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402;telephone 202-512-1800.

Commerce Business Daily (CBD). CBD is published daily, Monday through Friday (except holidays), bythe Department of Commerce. It lists government procurement invitations over $25,000, contract awards,subcontracting leads, sales of surplus property, and foreign business opportunities, as well as certainforeign government procurements. It is available by subscription and on-line (electronically). Contact theU.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402; telephone 202-512-1800. For on-linesubscriptions contact STAT-USA at 1-800-STAT-USA (1-800-782-8872). This information center wasestablished as a comprehensive source for U.S. companies seeking information on federal programs andactivities that support U.S. exports, including information on overseas markets and industry trends. Thecenter maintains a computerized calendar of U.S. government-sponsored domestic and overseas tradeevents. Telephone 1-800-USA-TRADE; email: [email protected]; Internet home page:www.ita.doc.gov/td/tic.

Trade Information Center. This information center was established as a comprehensive source for U.S.companies seeking information on federal programs and activities that support U.S. exports, includinginformation on overseas markets and industry trends. This center maintains a computerized calendar ofU.S. Government-sponsored domestic and overseas trade events. Telephone 1-800-USA-TRADE; email:[email protected]; Internet home page: http://www.ita.doc.gov.

Economic Bulletin Board (EBB). EBB is a great resource for business, economic, and trade informationon a daily basis in a traditional dial-up platform. You can connect to this vast collection of information anddownload trade leads, market research reports, and the Commerce Business Daily via your computer.Subscription costs are low and vary, depending on which information you choose to access. For moreinformation, call 1-800-STAT-USA (800-782-8872).

The National Trade Data Bank (NTDB). The NTDB is one of the primary sources of export informationfrom the federal government. The NTDB is a must-have resource, gathering trade information from over20 different government agencies into one place. The NTDB is a low-cost business service run by theDepartment of Commerce, which provides market research reports, Country Commercial Guides,contacts overseas, trade statistics, policy and trade practices, legal ramifications of exporting, an exportpromotion calendar, and publications. The NTDB is updated daily on the Internet (www.stat-usa.gov) andupdated monthly on CD-ROM. The CD-ROM version is avail-able to use for at over 1,000 federaldepository libraries throughout the country. To find the library closest to you, purchase access for yourdesktop, or learn more, call 1-800-STAT-USA.

STATUSA/Internet. A comprehensive collection of business, economic and trade information available onthe Web. Through this address you can access the NTDB, daily trade leads and economic news, theCommerce Business Daily and the latest economic press releases and statistical series from the federalgovernment. For more information on this low cost service, call 1-800-STAT-USA (800-782-8872).

STAT-USA/Fax. This fax on demand service providing instant hard copy of business and economicinformation from the federal government. All releases are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.The most popular fax documents include the daily trade leads and numerous U.S. government economicpress releases. For more information, call 1-800-STAT-USA (800-782-8872).

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TRADESTATS. A comprehensive source for U.S. export and import data, both current and historical.Maintained by the Commerce Department's Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, this web sitecontains total and disaggregated U.S. trade statistics by country and commodity classifications, state andmetropolitan area export data, and trade and industry statistics. Much of this data is downloadable. TheWeb site address is www.ita.doc.gov/td/industry/otea.

Selected SBA market research-related general resources. The Small Business Administrationpublishes many helpful guides to assist small and medium-sized companies, including: Marketing forSmall Business: An Overview, Researching Your Market, Breaking into the Trade Game, or the videosMarketing: Winning Customers with a Workable Plan, The Basics of Exporting. Contact the SmallBusiness Answer Desk, 1-800-U-ASK-SBA (1-800-827-5722).

International Information

UN Statistical Yearbook. Published by the United Nations (UN), this yearbook is one of the mostcomplete statistical reference books available. It provides international trade information on products,including information on importing countries useful in assessing import competition. The yearbookcontains data for 220 countries and territories on economic and social subjects, including population,agriculture, manufacturing, commodity, export-import trade, and many other areas. The most currentaddition is from 1993; it is available in hard copy and CD-ROM. Contact United Nations Publications,Room DC2-0853, New York, NY 10017; telephone 212-963-8302.

World Bank Atlas. The World Bank Atlas provides demographics, gross domestic product, and averagegrowth rates for every country. The latest edition, 1997, covers data through 1996. Contact World BankPublications, P.O. Box 7247-8169, Philadelphia, PA 19170-8169; telephone 202-473-1155, fax 703-661-1501.

World Factbook. Produced annually by the CIA, this publication provides country-by-country data ondemographics, economy, communications, and defense. The data is available through a subscription tothe NTDB (to subscribe call 1-800-STAT-USA). To order a hard copy, contact the U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington, DC 20402; telephone 202-512-1800.

International Financial Statistics (IFS). Published by the International Monetary Fund, IFS presentsstatistics on exchange rates, money and banking, production, government finance, interest rates, andother subjects. It is available in hard copy as a monthly subscription or on CD-ROM. Contact theInternational Monetary Fund, Publication Services, 700 19th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20431;telephone 202-623-7430.

World Population Profile. This valuable resource is produced by the Bureau of the Census of the U.S.Department of Commerce. Census collects and analyzes worldwide demographic data that can helpexporters identify potential markets for their products. Information on each country - total population,fertility, mortality, urban population, growth rate, and life expectancy - is updated every two years. Thedocument also contains detailed demographic profiles of individual countries, including analysis of laborforce structure, and infant mortality. For the latest edition, contact the U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402; telephone 202-512-1800.

Industry Information

U.S. Industry and Trade Outlook '98. Successor to the U.S. Industrial Outlook, published from 1957 to1994, this expanded-coverage 600-page edition includes economic forecasts for 350 manufacturing andservice sectors, including telecommunications, financial services, aerospace, and utilities. Issued by theInternational Trade Commission in conjunction with the McGraw-Hill Companies. Available at bookstores($69.95) or through the National Technical Information Service, 5835 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA22161; telephone 1-800-553-8847.

Export Information System Data Reports (XIS). Produced by the Small Business Administration (SBA),each data report covers approximately 2,700 product categories. XIS helps small businesses determine

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which export markets to pursue. Upon request, SBA provides a small business with a list of the 25 largestimporting markets for its product, the ten best markets for U.S. exporters of that product, the trends inthose markets, and the major sources of foreign and UN data. This service is available free to smallbusinesses. Telephone the Small Business Answer Desk at 1-800-U-ASK-SBA, or access the SBA homepage at: www.sbaonline.sba.gov.

U.S. Department of Agriculture: U.S. Trade Assistance and Promotion Office (TAPO). The TradeAssistance and Promotion office of the Foreign Agriculture Service serves as the first point of contact forpersons who need information on foreign markets for agricultural products. The TAPO staff can providebasic export counseling and direct you to appropriate Department of Agriculture offices to answer specificquestions on exporting. In addition, the staff can provide country and commodity specific Foreign MarketInformation Reports, which focus on best market prospects and contain contact information ondistributors and importers. Extensive information on the Foreign Agricultural Service is also availablethrough the Foreign Agricultural Service home page on Internet. Contact: Trade Assistance andPromotion Office, (202) 720-7420, fax (202) 690-4374; Internet: www.fas.usda.gov.

Country and Area Information

Trade Information Center (TIC). TIC trade specialists can answer questions on (1) import tariffs/taxesand customs procedures; (2) standards, intellectual property rights, government procurement, and othercommercial laws, regulations, and practices; (3) distribution channels, business travel, and other marketinformation; and (4) opportunities and best prospects for U.S. companies in individual markets. Inaddition, callers can access the TIC's 24-hour automated fax retrieval system to access regional- andcountry-specific market information. Both services are available by calling 1-800-USA-TRADE; e-mail:[email protected]; Internet homepage: www.ita.doc.gov/td/tic.

Country Commercial Guides (CCG). CCGs are prepared annually by U.S. embassies covering 115countries. Each CCG is a planning tool that analyzes an individual country's business and economicclimate emphasizing marketing and trade statistics, development, and other issues. CCGs are availablethrough the NTDB or through the NTIS. The National Technical Information Service may be contacted at1-800-553-NTIS or 703-487-40530 for TDD (hearing impaired).

U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs Automated Fax System. The Consular Affairsautomated fax system is available to anyone with a fax machine equipped with a telephone jack. Thissystem offers all of the bureau's Consular Information Sheets, Travel Warnings, Public Announcements,Tips for Travelers brochures, and Visa Bulletins. The telephone number is: (202) 647-3000. Callers mustuse the receiver on their fax machines to dial into the automated fax service.

Congressional Presentations of the U.S. Agency for International Development (AID). Published byAID's Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, this document provides country-by-countrydata on nations to which AID will provide funds in the coming year, as well as detailed information on pastfunding activities in each country. They also list projects the agency desires to fund in the upcoming year.Since these projects require U.S. goods and services, these presentations give U.S. exporters an earlylook at potential projects and therefore are an opportunity to plan ahead. They are available through theNational Technical Information Service (NTIS) by the set or as separate volumes. Contact NationalTechnical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161; telephone 1-800-553-NTIS.The information is also available through www.usaid.gov

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Surveys. These economicdevelopment surveys cover each of the 29-member OECD countries individually. Each survey presents adetailed analysis of recent developments in market demand, production, employment, and prices andwages. Short-term forecasts and analyses of medium-term problems relevant to economic policies areprovided. The surveys are shipped from France. Contact the Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment, Publications and Information Center, 2001 L Street, Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036;telephone 202-785-6323. The OECD home page address is www.oecd.org.

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OECD Publications. The chartered mission of OECD is to promote its member countries' policiesdesigned to support high economic growth, employment, and standard of living, and to contribute tosound economic expansion in development and in trade. OECD publications focus on a broad range ofsocial and economic issues, concerns, and developments, including reports on international marketinformation country by country, such as import data useful in assessing import competition. Forinformation on and prices for these publications, contact Organization of Economic Cooperation andDevelopment, Publications and Information Center, 2001 L Street, Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036;telephone 202-785-6323.

U.S. Government Product and Industry Resources

Industry Sector Analyses (ISAs). Prepared by the commercial sections of the U.S. embassies, ISAsprovide a basis for quickly evaluating a particular commercial or industrial market in a particular country.ISAs present market demand, market size, competitive analysis, end-user analysis, and market accesscriteria, as well as industry contacts and marketing opportunities. Available through the NTDB or theNTIS, which may be contacted at 1-800-553-NTIS or 703-487-4053 for TDD (hearing impaired).

International Market Insights (IMIs). IMIs are prepared on an ad hoc basis by the economic andcommercial sections of U.S. embassies and consulates for the Commercial Service. They help to identifyunique market situations and marketing opportunities for U.S. business. Available through the NTDB orthe NTIS, which may be contacted at 1-800-553-NTIS or 703-487-4053 for TDD (hearing impaired).

Customized Market Analyses (CMAs). CMAs are produced by the Commercial Service on request.CMAs provide a U.S. firm with detailed market information on a selected single product in a selectedmarket. They answer basic questions about the marketability of the product, key competitors, comparativeprices, customary distribution and promotion practices, trade barriers, and other factors. Contact yourlocal Export Assistance Center.

Textile and Apparel Database. Prepared by the Department of Commerce's Office of Textiles andApparel (OTEXA), this database provides information on overseas markets and rules and regulationsaffecting U.S. exports. The database includes specific "country profiles" which include information onmarketing and distribution, market entry requirements, shipment and entry procedures, and trade policy.More general information, such as how to export, potential buyers and suppliers, current trade issues,and background on textile and apparel trade policy agreements, is also available. The Web site is locatedat www.otexa.ita.doc.gov.

Private Sector Product and Industry Resources. The U.S. and foreign private sectors publishnumerous guides and directories that can provide invaluable help to the exporter. For specific references,consult your local Commerce Export Assistance Center or the Trade Information Center (1-800-872-8723).

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Really Useful Links for International Trade Education & Training

If you are more the curious type of person that wishes to receive a more formal educational experiencetowards the business of International Trade and/or Exporting, the following sample list will provide youwith a host of resources dedicated towards your learning process.

Export Institute of the United StatesThe Export Institute of the United States offers an online "Certificate in Export Management." The Institutehas been training export professionals since 1964.http://www.exportinstitute.com/

BCP LearningOn-line training for international trade professionals. Includes modules for compliance, export regulations,Custom brokerage exam and importing.http://www.bcplearning.com/

Creating and Increasing International Sales and ProfitsDistance learning course on how to build an international business. Endorsed by US Commercial Service.https://docttuexport.ba.ttu.edu/

DC-PROAn International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) initiative that provides the training and reference materialsfor documentary credit practitioners.http://www.dcprofessional.com

Euromoney Financial Training AmericasTraining for management of trade finance and currencies.http://www.euromoneytraining.com/default.asp?cc=72

europortocolTraining in international business practices and negotiations.http://www.europrotocol.com/en

Export EdgeWeb based training tool for exporters involved in Letter of Credit business.http://www.export-edge.com

Export Import Online SeminarsLive online seminars about exporting and importing.http://www.exportimportlaw.com/seminars.htm

Forum for International Trade TrainingFITT - Canada’s centre for international trade training - is a national, not-for-profit, professionalorganization, founded in 1992 by industry and government to develop and deliver international tradetraining programs and services, establish country-wide standards and certification, and generally ensurecontinuing professional development in the practice of international trade. FITT programs are deliveredacross Canada through community colleges, universities and private organizations. http://www.fitt.ca/

FT New York Institute of FinanceFT NYIF holds public courses, Certificate Programs, and Registered Representative licensing courses inNew York, London Singapore and Latin America. Innovative in-house training programs include Web-delivered courses from NYIF Online. Course topics include Currency trading, Corporate Finance,International Trade Finance, Risk Management, Trading, and many more. http://www.nyif.com

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GISTnetOnline courses in international trade and cargo transportation for immediate on-the-job knowledge as wellas longer-term career development.http://www.gistnet.com/courses/index.html

Global Trade Interactive LearningOnline international trade training. International faculty.http://www.gtilearning.com/

Global Training CenterA professional training organization specializing in training corporate managers and personnel involved ininternational trade. Global offers public seminars, in-house presentations and consulting services on awide range of international topics dealing with exporting and importing.http://www.globaltrainingcenter.com

Institute of ExportExport training and certification in the United Kingdom.http://www.export.org.uk/education/

Institute of International Trade of IrelandOnline accredited and certified international trade education.http://www.ebsi.ie/

International Business School of Spain (EENI)School based in Barcelona, Spain that offers master and post-graduate degrees in international trade. Allcourses are done by distance learning.http://www.reingex.com/indexen.asp

International Business TrainingCollection of reference books, self-study courses, and in-house training subjects. Topics range fromExport Documentation & Shipping to Import Procedures & Documentation to NAFTA Documentation &Procedures. http://www.i-b-t.net/

International Import-Export InstituteInternationally recognized body that certifies the proficiency of import-export trade professionalsworldwide. With the assistance of advisors, college and university experts, and members, IIEI hasestablished practical standards of excellence in the field of import-export management. Individuals whomeet these high standards, as demonstrated by certification testing, are recognized with specialdistinction within the international business community.http://www.expandglobal.com/

International Trade and Banking InstituteOnline and on site courses and seminars for international trade practitioners. Also free "Trade Guide"publication. http://www.itbi.net

International Trade Self-Study CoursesSelf-study courses on Customs Broker Exam Preparation Course, Export Documentation and Shipping,Export Letters of Credit and Drafts, Export Marketing and Sales, Import Procedures and Documentation,NAFTA Documentation and Procedureshttp://www.i-b-t.net/courses.asp

International Training and ManagementCustomized in-house training in the areas of Successful Exhibiting and Business Networking.http://www.siskindtraining.com

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JAIConsulting company providing hands-on training programs in international business management andtrade practices http://www.janavaras.com/

Mantissa Trade TutorCompany provides educational and software programs for understanding and dealing with letters of creditfor companies and banks.http://www.mantissa.co.uk/Main/TrainingProducts/TP301-frameset.htm

NASBITE Certified Global Business Professional ProgramCertification program for professionals in international business. Sponsored by the North American SmallBusiness International Trade Educators.http://www.nasbitecgbp.org

NEXCO Online TrainingOnline courses in technical aspects of importing and exportinghttp://nexco.scribestudio.com/custom/9970/index.jsp?

Online Certificate Program in Export ManagementTraining to be certified as an export manager or export management company.http://www.exportclasses.com/

Reinex.comInternational trade training in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Italian, French and Arabichttp://www.reingex.com/

The Export TrainerLive courses held in the UK for many aspects of international trade operationshttp://www.theexporttrainer.com

The TD Bank Crash Course in International TradeA PowerPoint presentation about the basics of trade and trade finance.http://www.tdcommercialbanking.com/tradefinance/crash/crash.jsp

Tradeport Global Trade TutorialAn interactive trade tutorial for beginners and others on the facets of trading in international markets.http://www.tradeport.org/tutorial/index.html

UCLA ExtensionCertificate programs in International Trade and Commerce and a selection of over 20 courses ininternational business. http://www.uclaextension.org/bus_mng_cert

UNZ International Trade SeminarsWorkshops on export operations, NAFTA, import documentation, Incoterms, customs law, Hazmattraining and more. http://www.unzco.com/storefront/training.html

WBE.Net Global Internet Trade CourseTraining, 24-hour support and access to a massive database for people who want training in the field ofexport trade. http://www.wbe.net/gitc/Windsor Center for International TradeOnline and in training company specializing in making the regulatory issues of Import and Export.http://www.windsorcenter.com/

World Trade Institute (Switzerland)A center of advanced studies hosted by the University of Berne, administered by the World Trade InstituteFoundation, and associated with the Universities of Fribourg and Neuchâtel.http://www.wti.org/

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World Trade Organization - Training PackageAn interactive training package that provides information about the workings of the WTO, its mission,objectives and activities.http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/eol/e/default.htm

World Trade UniversityWorld Trade University (WTU) is a global partnership launched at the 3rd UN Conference on LeastDeveloped Countries, hosted by the European Union, Brussels, May 2001. It is planning to offer highereducation in world trade to students from developing countries as well as various conferences and othereducational services.http://www.wtuglobal.org

http://www.janavaras.com/

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Chapter 14:InternshipReadiness &Assessment

This chapter will consider your current readiness for your internship program based

upon your level of education, the knowledge you have gained from this book combined

with your actual preparedness for the real business world. It is not intended to be a

grade but rather a measurement tool to see where you are today and how close you are

to maximizing your potential as a highly qualified intern.

The table is set up to identify each of the Assessment Areas that have been covered in

this book along with your current preparedness level for things you should already have

available such as a professional resume, current transcripts, passport, all of your

reference letters, and current photo. A value has been established for each line item

based upon its inherent importance relative to your successful internship.

Simply circle either the YES or NO value for each Assessment Area. The total score

you can achieve is 500 points per column of line items. Once you have your score total

you can complete a percentage calculation for each side of the table to assess your

readiness. Remember, this is an assessment tool and not a grade. The more prepared

you are for your internship the greater your experience, opportunity and achievement in

the business world.

It is as important to know where you are now to prepare for the future with your

internship program. By using the Internship Readiness & Assessment Table you can get

a better look at the many things you should consider to ensure that you are ready to

enter the business world. Just as you have prepared for your academic achievements

so should you consider the same level of commitment and energy towards offering the

most professional image you can provide for your internship with any business.

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Internship Readiness & Assessment Table

Assessment Area Yes No Assessment Area Yes No

Professional Resume 50 0 Passport Available 25 0

Bachelor’s Degree 30 0 Current Transcripts Available 25 0

Masters Degree 50 0 Acid Test Questions 50 0

Doctorate Degree 100 0 General Interview Questions 50 0

Work Experience 30 0 Intern Questions 50 0

International Work Experience 50 0 5 Key Internship Benefits to Employer 50 0

Foreign language Skills 100 0 7 Steps Export Process 50 0

Reference letter from School 15 0 SWOT Analysis 50 0

Reference Letter from Employer 30 0 10 Step Sales Process 50 0

Professional Industry Reference Ltr 30 0 Understanding Buying Motives 50 0

Current Photo Available 15 0 Business Plan Development 50 0

Total Your Scores Here: Total Your Scores Here:

Total Possible Score = 500 Total Possible Score = 500

(A)Your Score/Total Possible X100% (B)Your Score/Total Possible X 100%

Combined Score (A) + (B)

The following Table is a reference to your Combined Score and your readiness level for your internship.

By working with your counselor and/or advisor you can review your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities

and threats to determine where you are now and what you need to prepare yourself for successful

internship.

Combined Score (A) + (B) Readiness Level

0-250 Poor

251-499 Average

500-749 Good

750-1,000 Excellent

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Twenty Questions for the World Traveler:

How Well Can I Adapt in Another Culture?

To access how hard you may have to work to succeed in another country, rate yourself

on your responses to the statements below. Use a scale of 1-5 to rate how strongly you

agree with the statement:

(1 being low and 5 being high.)

1. I am constantly trying to understand myself better. I fell I knowmy strengths and weaknesses.

2. I respect the opinions of others, though I may not always agreewith them.

3. I interact well with people who are very different from me in age,race, economic status or education.

4. When I am at a party with foreigners, I normally go out of my wayto meet them.

5. I do not need to understand everything going on around me. Itolerate ambiguity well.

6. I am able to change course quickly. I readily change my plans orexpectations to adapt to a new situation.

7. I often find humor in difficult situations and afterwards I can laughat myself.

8. When I have to wait, I am patient. I can be flexible with myagenda, schedule or plans.

9. I am always asking questions, reading, exploring. I am curiousabout new things, people and places.

10. I am resourceful and able to entertain myself.11. I tackle problems confidently, without always needing the help of

staff or friends.12. When things go badly, I am able to keep my mind clear and my

attitude positive.13. I have made mistakes and learned form them.14. In an unfamiliar situation, I watch and listen before acting.15. I am a good listener..16. When I am lost, I ask for directions17. I sincerely do not want to offend others.18. I like people and accept them as they are.19. I am sensitive to the feelings of others and observe their reactions

when I am talking.20. I like new ideas, new ways of doing things and am willing to

experiment.

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HOW TO SCORE:

Total your answers.

Ready:

If your score is 80 or greater, you have already made good progress toward intercultural

sensitivity and an acceptance of difference.

Almost Ready:

If your score is between 50-79, you may have to work on developing the attitudes and

behaviors needed for good adjustment to studying or living abroad.

Not Ready:

If you are below 50, it may be important to access your reasons for studying/living

abroad and work towards better intercultural sensitivity and acceptance.

Final Comments

This chapter has taken a look at your "job" readiness for an internship and your

"personal" readiness to study abroad. Hopefully the tools and information herein have

allowed you to evaluate where you are today and how to get where you have set your

goals for your internship program.

There is no amount of reading that can totally prepare you for your international

experience. In the next chapter we will look at getting you ready for overseas travel and

preparing you for the trip home.

Everyone who has traveled overseas will tell you that "next time" they will be better

prepared. Hopefully the information you discover next will allow you to be better

prepared based upon over two decades of travel experience.

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Chapter 15:Preparingfor OverseasInternships

It is important to have a comparative perspective of the United States and the world.

The United States is known around the world as a comparatively dangerous country.

Our street crime statistics back up this view. No country has as many guns or gun-

related injuries and deaths. U.S. drug and alcohol abuse is among the highest in the

world. Although international visitors come in great numbers to visit the United States,

many arrive concerned about what they think they will find.

Yet, the perception is often that life at home is safer than life “over there”. U.S. media

coverage of the rest of the world focuses on overseas political upheavals, violent strife,

and natural disasters, rather than on positive political and social developments or on the

richness and human warmth of life as it is actually lived. Students who study abroad

often comment on how “normal” life seems abroad, in spite of cultural differences. This

discovery comes when you can look past the stereotypes and misconceptions and see

people and cultures with your own eyes.

In this chapter we will explore the readiness and preparation needed to enjoy a safe and

rewarding international, or overseas, internship. No one is ever 100% prepared for

international travel, despite what anyone may tell you. In fact, most people who travel

overseas will tell you that they have learned a valuable lesson every time they have

been out of the country. So the intent of this chapter is to provide awareness along with

the preparation and offer you the experience of seasoned interns and world travelers so

you may enjoy your international internships abroad, or possibly a rewarding vacation.

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Passports, VISAs, Immigration and Insurance

Passport: You must have a valid United States passport in order to leave or re-enter

the U.S. Once you leave the country, your U.S. passport will be your most valuable

possession. Whenever you travel anywhere, you should keep it with you at all times.

Never pack it in a suitcase.

Always make copies of the front two pages of your passport. Leave one copy at home

with a family member and take an extra copy with you in case you lose your passport

during travel. Your school may also request a copy of your passport for your student

academic file and for security purposes. You may also want to have an extra copy

available to keep in a safe deposit box at your bank.

A passport is issued by the US Department of State and is valid for ten years for people

over 18 years of age. Apply for a passport as soon as possible, preferably 6-8

months prior to departing the U.S. You may need to apply for a visa prior to

departure and this can only be done with a valid passport. Don't wait until the last

minute! If you do not already have an application, you will need to fill one out at the

passport agency or post office. For further passport information go to:

www.travel.state.gov

Passport photos: Your school may need several passport photos from you during the

application and predeparture phase. Your particular internship program may also

require additional photos. It is also advised that students bring several extra photos with

them as they may need them for subway passes and other ID cards during their time

abroad.

Visa: A visa is an official permission to enter a country and remain there for an

extended period of time. Fees and requirements differ from country to country.

Therefore, the best way to obtain this information is to call the consulate of the country

you are planning to enter and ask about visa requirements. Obtain current information

from the US State Department Travel Information website at:

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www.travel.state.gov

Immigration Requirements: An immigration letter, typically prepared by your school,

will certify that you are a full-time registered student at your school participating in an

academic program, that you have sufficient funds for living expenses and are covered

by health insurance. This letter usually answers any question an immigration officer may

have when you enter a foreign country. It identifies you as a student in the country for a

full semester, and it should be noted on your passport.

Entry into the Host Country: Students participating in an internship program are still

considered on a study abroad program. Upon entry into your host country you must

state that your reason for being abroad is to study and that you are a student. Many

countries have different regulations or requirements that oversee a work or a paid

internship. In order to enter and stay in your particular country you must be entering as

a study abroad student.

Arrival Immigration and Customs Inspections: As you enter ANY country via an

international flight (or other means) you will have to show your passport, any required

visa and sometimes proof of immunization. This usually occurs just after you have left

the plane and entered the airport, but before you have your luggage. Remember that

admission to the country is entirely at the discretion of the immigration officer.

It is wise to be polite and to dress neatly. The immigration officer, who determines the

length of stay to be authorized and stamped into your passport, will normally ask you

about the purpose of your visit and how long you plan to remain in the country. All of

this can be unnerving at times, but it is routine and required.

After your passport has been stamped and you collect our luggage, you pass through a

customs inspection. You will probably have already received on the plane (or train) a

customs declaration form. This is examined by customs officials when they look at your

luggage. Sometimes there is a system of red and green lights. If you receive the green

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light you can pass directly through. If you receive a red light, you bags may be very

carefully examined and you could be detained or asked to pay duty if there are any

irregularities or violations of customs regulations. Most likely you will be able to go

directly through customs, but it is good to know these spot checks are a possibility. Do

not ever ‘joke’ about bombs, terrorists or smuggled items.

Certificate of Insurance: Certifies that the student has adequate health and liability

insurance while in a foreign country. List the name of your insurance company and the

certificate number (generally provided by your parents). Your school can help you

ensure you have the most current documentation for this requirement.

Supplementary Insurance Policy: All internship participants should secure a

supplementary medical and accident policy administered by Cultural Insurance Services

International. Your school should help you enroll in this plan and typically will cover the

cost of the policy premium. Students will be provided with an insurance card prior to

departure and students should keep this information in their wallet throughout the

duration of the internship program.

International Student Identity Card (ISIC): An International Student Identity Card

(ISIC) is beneficial while abroad. Your Stonehill I.D. card will not be recognized

overseas. The International card comes with a directory that includes discounts on

accommodations, international calling, and international money transfers, and other

activities such as museums and movies. The card also provides health insurance

coverage while you are traveling (you will have to pay for services but may be

reimbursed by your school after you submit invoices) and covers the expense of flying

home should you become seriously ill while abroad. Students can explore the discounts

and other items from the following web site:

www.istc.org

FAMILY EMERGENCIES: Because you will be far away from home for an extended

period of time, it is important to discuss with your family what to do in the case of a

family emergency while you are overseas. This should include what you would do if a

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family member becomes ill or dies. It is also important to consider what you will do if you

are involved in an accident or severe illness while abroad. It is advisable one or both

parents obtain a current passport for any emergencies. This should be done before you

depart the U.S

IN THE EVENT YOU NEED MEDICAL TREATMENT WHILE OFF-CAMPUS, BRINGCOPIES OF IMPORTANT MEDICAL RECORDS OR PRESCRIPTIONS FROM HOME.

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Chapter 16:ImportantMedical & Health Info

In Chapter 15 we touched on the importance of being prepared for health and family

emergencies while traveling abroad. Having access to our families these days is even

more important with all of the news or terrorism and hostile aggressions towards

Americans overseas.

While most of the news you hear about is truly sensationalism and hype, it is still

important to make sure you always have your travel documents up to date and with you

at all times. This will help ensure that you have a pleasant experience wherever your

internship travels may take you.

In this chapter we are going to examine the basic precautionary things you need to do in

case of illness and how to prevent most common overseas ailments. Proper

immunization is always important, however we will also look at the basics of knowing

your fitness level and developing an awareness of things to be on the look for. It is

never any fun being sick, but being sick overseas is much worse without your normal

support systems.

IMMUNIZATION: Some programs, especially those traveling to third world countries

recommend extra immunizations. It is important for all students to update their basic

immunizations. It is important to begin early since some shots must be given in

sequence at specific time intervals.

PRESCRIPTIONS: It is a good time to update your health records, eyeglass and

contact lens prescriptions and prescriptions for any medications you routinely take.

Carry your prescription medications in their original containers and carry written

prescriptions using generic names to facilitate filling them overseas, should this be

necessary. It may also be helpful to have a letter from your physician, which includes a

http://www.istc.org/

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description of the problem, the dosage prescribed and the generic name of the

medicine.

If you are allergic to anything, it is very important to inform your group leader, wear a

medical alert bracelet or necklace and carry an identification card to inform overseas

health care personnel in the event of an accident or injury.

It is advisable to have a small travel medical kit. This could contain such items as: ace

bandages, thermometer, adhesive tape, gauze, sterile cleansers, antibacterial ointment

and antiseptic cream, sunscreen, sunburn ointment, aspirin or other painkillers, and

anti-diarrhea medicine. Depending on the region, take antihistamines for allergy relief,

salt tablets, skin moisturizers and insect repellents.

ASSESS YOUR HEALTH: Going abroad is not a magic geographic cure for concerns

and problems at home. Both physical and emotional health issues will follow you

wherever you go. In particular, if you are concerned about your use of alcohol and other

controlled drugs or if you have an emotional health concern, it is important to address it

honestly before making plans to travel. Contrary to many people’s expectations, travel

does not minimize these problems; it can bring them to a crisis stage.

IDENTIFY YOUR HEALTH NEEDS: Be clear about your health. Describe allergies,

disabilities, psychological treatments, dietary requirements and medical needs prior to

traveling overseas so adequate arrangements can be made, if needed, to

accommodate your special medical requirements. Resources and services for people

with disabilities vary widely by country and region. If you have a disability or special

need, identify it and understand ahead of time exactly what accommodations can and

will be made.

ANTIDEPRESSANTS/ANTI-ANXIETY MEDICATIONS: It is important to talk with your

health care provider as you plan for your study abroad. If you are taking antidepressant

or anti-anxiety medications, it is recommended by physicians that you stay on them

through the duration of your travel. Talk with your health care provider about taking

extra medication, should you need to boost your medication while off-campus.

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Increasing your medication(s) should only be done in consultation with your physician.

These should always be carried in the original packaging or container.

CHECK HEALTH ADVISORIES: It is important to be aware of health issues in the

country where you will travel. Remember to ask such questions of your school or travel

advisor instructor or check on the CDC website at:

www.cdc.gov/travel/

and US State Department website at:

www.travel.state.gov/travel/warnings.html

Important questions to ask are:

1. What illnesses, if any, are specific or endemic to the region?

2. What medications should be brought to prevent these illnesses

3. What precautions are recommended for sexual or health practices?

4. What kind of insurance do I need and how much coverage?

5. What are the customs, beliefs and laws in the host country

concerning sexual behavior and the use of alcohol and drugs?

6. What is the water quality in the host country/countries?

7. What are the laws governing import of medications, medical

supplies and contraceptives?

FLYING IF SICK: What happens if you are departing for study abroad program and you

come down with a cold? The pressure from a head cold can make it hard to equalize

the pressure in your ears when you ascend and descend. To avoid pain and discomfort,

consider doing any of the following during ascent and descent: sit up, swallow, chew

gum, stay awake, take a decongestant or yawn. You can also try to hold your nose and

blow gently. If you are feeling ill - you may even want to postpone your departure a few

days until you feel better and/or visit your physician.

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JETLAG: To avoid some of the problems of jet lag, there are a few simple rules to

follow:

1. Drink liquids to avoid dehydration. Water and fruit juices are best.

If you know you have problems with dehydration, it is helpful to

bring extra water with you.

2. Exercise: Stretch during your flight. If possible, stretch your legs.

Some planes have extra leg room in the emergency exit seat over

the wing.

3. Set your watch: Change your watch to the new time when your

flight departs. Think and eat your meals on the "new" time. This

will help your body begin to adjust to the new time zone.

4. Sleep: If at all possible, sleep on the flight. If you can find an empty

row, lift the arm rests and stretch out. This will help you be awake

when you arrive at your destination.

5. Sleeping on arrival: When you arrive at your destination, it is

important to get on the local schedule. If you arrive in the morning,

stay up until a usual bedtime (at least 8:00 or 9:00 p.m.), or if you

arrive later in the evening, force yourself to go to sleep. Usually, if

you get a regular first night's sleep, you will wake at your regular

time the next morning, and be able to function normally. Try to

establish a routine sleeping pattern as soon as possible.

There is a website with information about jet lag at:

www.britishairways.com/travel/drsleep/public/en_gb

WHEN YOU ARRIVE: Successful planning for a healthy program abroad does not end

once you depart. Because of the differences between cultures, many adjustments,

concerns and questions related to your physical and emotional well-being will still need

to be addressed after you arrive.

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DIET AND ROUTINE: Food overseas may be quite different from what you are used to

at home. It may be healthier in some instance (more vegetables and fruits) or less

healthy in others (more fried foods than you usually eat), but most often it will just be

different. Eat nutritiously, which may mean trying some foods you are not accustomed

to. Take special dietary needs into account and make arrangements in advance.

Despite the change in your environment, you can still keep some of your daily routines.

Get enough rest, especially the first few days. Get plenty of exercise to keep your mind

and body working. Don’t isolate yourself. You will probably have to make the first move

in developing friendships, but they are an essential part of any overseas experience and

your emotional well-being.

EXERCISE: Regular exercise will help with culture shock and any jet lag you may

experience. Walking, running or any regular exercise may help you to feel more

energized and less stressed. It is also a great way to meet local people.

HOMESICKNESS: We tend to think of being homesick as something associated with

being young and at summer camp. But, anyone can be homesick at any time. It can

come from just missing the familiarity of home surroundings, the regularity of college

classes, an inexplicable anxiety about a new place and just being outside your normal

routine. It may not happen at all, may be a fleeting experience or stay awhile.

It may take a call home or talking to a friend or family to sort out these feelings. One of

the surest remedies for homesickness is to plunge into the experience and immerse

yourself into new places, sights and people. It is important to know that many have had

these feelings and gone on to have an exciting and rewarding experience.

HANDWASHING: In a world where medicine is growing increasingly high-tech, washing

your hands often sounds simple. But hand washing offers the single most effective way

to protect yourself from the spread of infections. This may sound very elementary, but if

it saves you from a bout of illness—it is worth remembering.

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If you have it, warm to hot water is generally recommended, but the 15-20 seconds you

spend washing your hands is more important than the temperature. The new liquid

sanitizers are not substitutes for hand washing. They can reduce the number of bacteria

and viruses remaining on your hands, but are not as effective as washing.

ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE: Alcohol and drug use are the major cause of health

problems and death overseas, particularly in study abroad programs. This includes

serious injuries, sexual assault, date rape and drownings. You are in a different culture

with different laws governing drinking and drugs. Alcohol and drug use can affect your

ability to comprehend situations. This can be compounded by language and cultural

differences.

If you are a recovering alcoholic, it is important to be aware of the stress of going

overseas. If you are on a program with a family stay, it would be helpful to be placed in

a non-drinking environment or with a non-drinking family. There is an AA World Service

located in New York (1-212-870-3400). Their website is:

www.aa.org

SWIMMING: Swimming carries a high level of risk unless you are in a well-chlorinated

pool. Those in tropical or developing areas can be at risk of disease from contaminated

water which can cause a variety of skin, eye, ear and intestinal infections. Tides and

undertows can be deadly to the uninformed swimmers. Beaches and coastlines which

are marked with the international code for no swimming should be avoided.

HIV/AIDS/Hepatitis B and C: Everything you already know about AIDS and Hepatitis is

as true overseas as it is at home. Taking the advised precautions is the only way to

protect yourself. The World Health Organization states: “AIDS and Hepatitis are not

spread by daily and routine activities such a sitting next to someone or shaking hands,

or working with people. Nor is it spread by insects or insect bites. AIDS and Hepatitis

are not spread by swimming pools, public transportation, food, cups, glasses, plates,

toilets, water, air, touch or hugging, coughing or sneezing.”

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Many developing nations do not have resources for mandatory blood screening. Thus, it

is important to avoid or postpone any blood transfusion unless absolutely necessary. If

you do need blood, try to ensure that screened blood is used. If you are sexually active,

it is very important to ALWAYS use a latex condom. Take them with you, as condition,

manufacturing and storage in other countries may be poor.

Many foreign countries reuse syringes, even disposable ones. It is best to avoid

injections unless absolutely necessary. If an injection is required, verify that the needles

and syringes come directly from the package or are properly sterilized. If the situation

arises that you need extensive treatment or surgery, medical evacuation should be

carefully considered.

If you are HIV or Hepatitis B/C positive, contact the consulate or the embassy of the

country(ies) you plan to visit. Each country may have specific entry requirements, or

requirements regarding carrying medicines, that you should know about before leaving.

RABIES: Rabies is more common in developing countries, but should not be ignored in

developed countries. Rabies is ALWAYS fatal, unless treated. Once the symptoms are

exhibited, there is NO treatment. It is important NOT to play with unknown cats, dogs

and trained animals, such as moneys. If you are bitten, seek medical assistance

immediately.

New treatments are effective if administered within 48 hours and are relatively painless.

In some countries, the new vaccine is not available, requiring the student to return to the

U.S. for treatment. It is important not to dismiss this as “it can’t happen to me”.

NON-WESTERN HEALTH ISSUES: Each year 50 million people from industrialized

countries visit the developing world. Of those, 1-5% will seek medical care. When

visiting non-Western countries, extra precautions and immunizations may be necessary.

It is important to learn about your destination and work with your doctor/health

professional.

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FOOD AND WATER-BORNE DISEASES: Diarrhea - Travelers diarrhea is the most

common illness of travelers and dating back to antiquity. Pilgrims before the Christian

era have described this unhappy condition in their journals. Diarrhea is nature's way of

ridding the body of noxious agents. Intestinal motility serves as the normal cleansing

mechanism of the intestine. This knowledge, however, does not make one feel better

when in the throes of illness. The best cure is to attempt to avoid the condition.

Travelers diarrhea can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, drugs or a variety of

unknown causes. The best way to avoid contracting this annoying illness is to be

disciplined with what you eat and drink. The following words of caution may not apply

for all areas where you will study, but it is important to be aware of the possibilities.

1. Do not drink the local water unless you KNOW it is 100% safe (and

still question the source of your information). You may drink

coffee and tea, since these beverages are brewed in boiling water

that kills the bacteria. Bottled water and carbonated drinks are

usually available. Pure fruit juices such as orange or sweet lime

juice are usually safe, but make sure you are using a clean glass.

2. Where water is contaminated, ice also must be considered

contaminated.

3. It is safer to drink directly from a can or bottle of a beverage than

from a questionable container. Wet cans or bottles should be dried

before being opened and the drinking surface should be wiped

clean.

4. If you are boiling water, it must be boiled vigorously for at least 10

full minutes. Allow to cool to room temperature and do not add ice.

5. Avoid salads. Fertilizer in some countries is high in waste products

and therefore can contain high amounts of bacteria

6. Avoid thin skinned fruits, such as grapes. Instead, eat thick-skinned

fruits like bananas, melons and oranges.

7. Avoid milk and milk products (especially unpasteurized), such as

cheese, local unwrapped butter, custard, etc.

8. Avoid seafood in areas which are far from where the seafood is

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caught. Refrigeration may be chancy in some parts of the world.

9. Hot foods should be thoroughly cooked. The longer the cooking

time, the less chance of the bacteria surviving.

10. Choose restaurants carefully. Be aware of the sanitary conditions

11. Street food in many countries can be a source of many types of

illness. Many locals will have no trouble eating the food, but their

bodies have developed immunities.

ILLNESS UPON RETURN: If you become sick when you return from your study abroad

experience, it is important to contact your doctor. Sometimes illnesses first appear

weeks after your initial exposure. Also inform medical personnel what countries you

have been in. There are many diseases which are indigenous to foreign countries which

U.S. trained doctors may not be familiar with.

TB TESTING: It is now recommended that you have a TB test 3 months after your

return from any program abroad. There is a concern about exposure on airline flight. TB

is on the rise in the US and many other countries.

BE CAREFUL AND USE COMMON SENSE. MOST IMPORTANTLY, STAYHEALTHY SO YOU CAN MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR STUDY ABROADEXPERIENCE.

WEBSITE AND ADDRESSES FOR HEALTH INFORMATION:

Center for Disease Control National AIDS Clearinghouse

US SOS Assistance

1600 Clifton Road NE

Atlanta, GA 30333 1-215-244-150

Phone: 1-404-332-4565

1-800-458-5231 1-800-523-8930

www.cdc.gov/travel/

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The more international travel thatyour experience, the more you areprepared for your next trip.

Keep this book with you at alltimes while on travel overseas.

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Chapter 17:GettingReady forTravel

In the previous chapter we reviewed the basic requirements for your safe and enjoyable

internship abroad opportunity such as Passports, VISAs, insurance requirements,

health issues and concerns, etc. These are very important aspects of your travel

planning, but the real planning begins right before you start packing for your trip.

There are so many details involved in getting ready for international travel. Experienced

global traveler's all share the same success and embarrassments when they assess

what went wrong with their travel planning. There is always that "one thing" they forgot

to plan for that either haunts them on their travel experience or plagues them on their

return trip.

We will explore the dynamics of the "must have" and "must do" things to offer you the

most comprehensive outline of "get ready" information that will ensure a truly enjoyable

overseas experience.

PACKING: Knowing what to bring is one of the most important parts of pre-planning.

The importance of packing light cannot be overemphasized. There is nothing worse

than lugging a 50 pound suitcase in the blazing heat or the freezing rain. Most airlines

have imposed a 50 pound limit per bag and charge fees for any bag heavier. We

recommend you bring ONE good quality suitcase (with wheels) or a backpack on your

program.

Try to Keep Your Suitcase Weight Under 50 PoundsHere is a sample packing list for a one-month program (your list will depend on your

destination & you can acquire items on your trip):

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* 1 pair walking shoes

* 5-7 shirts

* 3-4 skirts/trousers

* 1 pair sandals/boots/dress shoes

* 1 raincoat/poncho/light jacket

* 5-7 t-shirts

* 1 sweater/sweatshirt

* 1 dress belt/1 casual belt

* 5-7 pair socks

* 1 towel/1 wash cloth

* 5-7 sets underwear

* 1 bathing suit

* 1-2 pair walking/casual shorts

* 1 hat (for sun)

Packing Hints* Mix and match several items - pick a scheme like black, brown or

navy.

* Each piece of clothing should match at least two other items.

* Take an all-purpose jacket - one that is warm and can also double as

rain gear with plenty of pockets.

* Do not take anything that would upset you if you lost it - such as

valuables and jewelry.

* Take limited pairs of only comfortable shoes - match all or most of

your wardrobe with a few pairs.

* Pack t-shirts to wear under clothes-you can wash out the t-shirts

before clothing needs to be washed.

* Do not take anything that will easily wrinkle or that needs to be dry

cleaned.

* Roll your clothing in your suitcase to maximize space - it will also

cut down on wrinkling.* Do not take mace or pepper spray in your

suitcase or carry on – these are illegal in some countries

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Miscellaneous Items for Checked Luggage* Address book (small) and envelopes

* Swiss army knife/plastic disposable forks/knives/spoons/cups

* Prescription drugs in original container (with written prescription)

* Dental floss/tooth paste/tooth brush/hair dryer

* Ear plugs/Sunglasses

* Extra cash ($100 in small U.S. bills)

* Extra passport-size photographs for passes and visas

* Small flashlight & extra batteries

* Insect repellent (if in a tropical climate)

* Laundry detergent and short clothesline

* Lightweight journal/pens/pencils

* Pictures of family and friends

* Small battery-powered alarm clock

* Small first aid & sewing kit

* Ziplock large plastic trash bags (several to keep things dry)

* Umbrella

* Maps and guide books

* Fingernail clippers

Common Sense Travel Tips1. Put your name and address on the outside and inside each piece.

2. Receive a claim check for each piece of checked baggage and check

that it is for the correct city.

3. Read the fire safety instructions in hotels and know where the exits

are located.

4. Do not take or wear expensive jewelry - it can be easily stolen, even

when wearing it.

5. Investigate prior to departure how to replace travelers checks or

credit cards

6. Bring with you only those credit cards and documents you will need.

7. Have some local currency with you upon entering a country,

especially if you are arriving late.

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Gift Suggestions for Your Host Family/Sponsor

You may need to bring gifts for people, especially if you are in a homestay. Here are

some suggestions:

• Caps, clothing and other items with college logos (keychains,

paperweights, etc)

• Cookbooks with American recipes (pancakes, chocolate chip

cookies, etc).

• Non-perishable foods (maple syrup, peanut butter, saltwater taffy,

wild rice, etc).

• CD’s or DVD's of American music (jazz, folk, pop, rock, etc)

• Calendars with photos of U.S. or your home state

• Pen and ink drawings or professional quality photographs of your

area

• US style paraphernalia (Disney, NBA, NFL, etc.)

• Handmade crafts or jewelry (especially Native American)

• Packets of note cards or postcards depicting American or local sites

• Colored note pads with pens or black paper with gel pens

• Candles

• Small picture frames

Foreign Electricity

You can use electric equipment oversees. But first, you need to know the differences

between U.S. and foreign electric currents. Otherwise, you may wind up doing a slow

burn along with your equipment. We use 110-volt alternating current in the U.S. (110V

AC). Most American equipment when plugged into a foreign outlet, cause the motor to

go twice as fast as it's designed to do. To complicate matters, most of the world's

outlets are shaped differently than ours. Fortunately, the solutions are simple.

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The Converter

Plug your equipment into the converter, and plug the converter into the wall outlet. The

converter cuts in half the number of volts flowing into your equipment, so it operates just

like it does at home. Just be sure you choose the right types, and each is designed to

operate specific equipment.

Dual Voltage:

Dual voltage equipment is designed to work on either 110V or 220V without a converter

just by flipping a switch. Be sure to check this before you leave. In any case, you will still

need the proper type of adapter to plug into the foreign outlet.

Adapters:

An American plug has two or three flat, parallel blades that slide right into the outlet. But

most of the world's outlets have round holes. Some take three square pins. Others

require flat, angled blades. The round pins you'll need are already built into the voltage

converters. All you do is plug your equipment into the wall. But if you happen to run into

different configuration, just snap the proper adapter onto the round pins.

PHONES: It is strongly advised that you obtain a calling card, in order to place long-

distance telephone calls with ease. Most U.S. long distance companies have overseas

calling plans that greatly reduce the cost of overseas calls. Sign up for these before you

leave and get a list of local access numbers for each country you plan to visit. These

numbers are toll-free or local call numbers that provide direct access to a U.S. operator.

Also, once overseas, you may find that it is even less expensive to purchase pre-paid

phone cards to use when calling home.

These are similar to phone cards here in the U.S. You would purchase, for instance, a

10-euro or 10-pound phone card, dial the supplied access code and PIN number, and

phone home for relatively little money. Like U.S. phone cards, they are issued by a

variety of phone companies, and available just about anywhere. You may also wish to

purchase a cellular phone when you arrive overseas.

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Most students these days are familiar with using Skype and Magic Jack. Skype provides

Voice Over Internet Protocols, or VOIP, allowing you to communicate on the internet via

your computer similar to using a land phone and Skype offers near real time video

imaging. Magic Jack requires you to plug in a phone to use its VOIP system. Magic

Jack users should plan on packing a cheap throw away phone bought here in the U.S.

to ensure compliance with the VOIP protocols over this system. Land based type

phones can be purchased for less than$10 these days and are well worth the

investment when using a Magic Jack. For more information of Skype and Magic Jack,

check out the following links:

www.skype.comwww.magicjack.com

MONEY: Many students wonder how much money they should bring on their travel

abroad. The answer differs according to each student’s spending habits and to the

extent of travel. You will need money for transportation to commute to your placement

and to travel around your host city. You may want to bring with you some money in the

currency of the country of destination, for the first few days (especially if you arrive on a

weekend).

You can access funds everywhere using an ATM and a U.S. cash card. This is a cheap

and easy way to get limited funds in local currency on arrival. Check with your bank

concerning fees and exchange rates. There are several web sites that can provide a

quick computation of currency conversion. Credit cards are a good way to make larger

purchases. Some students have a card issued to them using their parents existing

credit card account.

The overall cost of traveling abroad can be higher or lower than at home. Because you

are in an unfamiliar environment, with local costs stated in a currency you may not be

able to translate immediately into dollars, it is easy to be misled. It is satisfying to know

you have enough money to do the things you want, but very frustrating to watch others

take advantage of opportunities you cannot because you have spent your money

unwisely.

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BUDGET: It is important to budget, plan and spend wisely while abroad. Even those on

a tight budget can enjoy experiences abroad without going into debt. It just takes some

planning. Following are some common sense tips which may be of assistance as you

plan your finances:

1. Make both a weekly and at times a daily budget and stick to them.

2. Learn the “value” of the currency (in relation to the US$) wherever

you are traveling.

3. Be alert for special student rates and discounts, such as the CIE

Student ID card, for travel, lodging, entrance fees, etc.

4. Plan your entertainment and recreation around the availability

of free, inexpensive and discounted events.

GENERAL INFORMATION AND TIPS

1. It is advisable to bring a small amount of local currency with you,

but exchange the bulk of your money at a local currency exchange

or bank. You will obtain a better rate

2. As a safety measure - keep an "untouchable" big bill ($50 or so) in

reserve, separate from your other money. Use only in case of

emergency.

3. Count your change wherever you go.

4. Depending upon the country, you may want to bring a small

amount of U.S. cash ($1 and $5). Some places will exchange cash

easier than travelers checks.

5. Don’t go overboard on what seems to be a bargain, but will be

expensive to ship or which you will need to pay high duty to bring

home.

6. It is impossible to cash personal checks abroad.

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TRAVELER'S CHECKS

1. A safe way to carry your money abroad is in the form of traveler's

checks, which can be replaced if lost or stolen. However, be aware

that it has become increasingly difficult to find a place to

cash traveler's checks abroad

2. Most traveler's checks purchased at a bank cost one percent of the

total amount you are buying. You may want to explore where you

could obtain traveler's checks at no cost. If you are an AAA

member, they are free.

3. Traveler's checks in U.S. dollars are widely accepted around the

world. It is also possible purchase traveler's checks in other major

currencies, such as British pounds, Euros or Japanese yen. While it

is hard to predict the course of the international currency market

you can sometimes insulate yourself from its fluctuations by

purchasing traveler's checks in the currency of the country where

you will reside

CREDIT CARD

1. Many major credit cards are accepted abroad, depending upon the

country. You may want to take more than one. It is important to

verify your credit limit before you travel.

2. Credit card currency conversions are usually very accurate and your

bill serves as a future reference if something is lost or broken. You may

receive a more favorable rate of exchange, since the corporate

rate that card companies receive is often lower than the rate for

individuals.

3. Keep in mind that cash advances accrue interest from day one and

often at a higher rate than for regular purchases. It is possible to

send a large check to your credit card company before you travel.

4. If your card is lost or stolen and used by a thief, you generally

cannot be held responsible for more than $50 in fraudulent charges.

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It is important to immediately cancel your credit cards if they are

lost or stolen.

5. Make sure you keep your charge card receipts. A receipt can be used

by someone else to falsify your card. Also, check that you receive

your card back in restaurants, not someone else's.

6. Businesses have been known to alter charge slips in an effort to

defraud customers. Don’t throw away your charge slips until the

charges have been billed and paid. An extra digit on the charge slip

can cause the bill to soar

7. Call your credit card company and your bank and inform them that

you will be out of the country an where you will be. Fraud protection

with some credit card companies will put a hold on your account

if it is used in another country to protect you.

DEBIT CARDS (ATM's)

The proliferation of automated teller machines around the world provides one of the

best ways of transferring money, exchanging currency and making purchases. Many

ATMs in the United States and abroad are connected to international networks. This

means that you can get cash in the local currency directly from your bank account in the

United States. Usually you'll get very favorable rate of exchange, the same one banks

use when exchanging money among themselves. To be able to use ATMs overseas,

your PIN code should not be longer than four digits. Some foreign keypads have only

numbers. If you have letters in your PIN, before you depart, substitute the number you

would use to dial that letter on an American telephone. Some ATM’s will not accept a

zero in the pin number. You may want to check your pin # and change it.

Also check with your bank to make certain your Debit card will be accepted out of the

U.S. Foreign ATM's may allow draws only from your primary checking account.

Instructions are usually available in English. Even if you hope to rely exclusively on

ATM's, bring some travelers checks or dollars, since you won't always find an ATM on

your bank's network, and bent or damaged cards are useless.

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Be aware that debit cards are not without risks. Because the debit card is drawing on

your account at home, if it is stolen, your account could be wiped out, thus leaving any

outstanding checks to bounce. Many debit cards have a maximum liability of $50, as

long as reported within 48 hours. Be aware of the card rules.

WHAT TO DO IF YOU LOSE YOUR PURSE OR WALLET

1. Cancel your credit cards immediately (the key to this is having the

toll free numbers and your credit card numbers handy so you know

who to call).

2. File a police report immediately in the jurisdiction where it was

stolen. This proves to credit providers that you were diligent and is

a first step toward an investigation (if there ever is one).

3. Call the three (3) national credit reporting organizations

immediately to place a fraud alert on our name an social security

number. They are:

Equifax: 1-800-525-6285Experian: 1-800-301-7195

Trans Union: 1-800-680-7289

Identity fraud is currently becoming a problem. It is important to report any loss of a

Social Security card. There is also a Social Security Administration fraud line at:

1-800-269-0271

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Next step towards enjoyingthe overseas experience isknowing how to become anAmerican overseas.

Keep this book with you at alltimes while on travel overseas.

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Chapter 18:Making theMost of YourInternship

In this chapter we will look at the more basic things you may wish to consider to ensure

that you enjoy your internship abroad.

Although most of what you are going to read seems to be more common sense, you

would be surprised at how many students do not remember the basics and get caught

up in the excitement of their new environment. So it may seem a bit primitive for many

experienced travelers, but it truly serves as a reminder of the day to day things that we

sometimes lose sight of.

More importantly, this chapter serves as a wrap up of what to expect once you get to

your new host country and family. The other chapters were getting you ready for your

new adventure, this chapter will focus on how to make the most of you internship once

you get there.

DECIDING HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH HOME: Students often tell family and

friends that they will phone home at a specific time just after arrival. Events can happen

to make that phone call impossible -- plane or train delays, unavailability of an

international phone line, etc. Rather than promising family/friends that you will call as

“soon as you arrive”, we suggest you tell them you will call them “as soon as it is

convenient”.

Historically, when students went abroad they knew it would be a long, long way away

and communication with home would be limited and infrequent. This is no longer the

case in most places of the world. Communication is much easier and more tempting. In

the past few years there has been a large increase in the phone and e-mail

communication to and from the U.S. It is important to keep in contact with friends and

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family while on a program abroad. Yet, electronic communication on a regular basis can

detract from your experience by keeping you focused on home rather than your

experience.

Telephone Use. Often in foreign countries local calls, in-coming as well as out-going,

are charge calls. Therefore, discuss use of the phone with your host family or business

in advance of making any calls. You will want to refrain from using your cell phone

except for emergencies since overseas charges are expensive on phones brought from

home. As we mentioned earlier in this book, you are better off getting a cell phone upon

your arrival for in country use.

Use of the Shower or Bath. Water bills and energy costs in foreign countries can be

very expensive, and on the whole, people do not shower as often as Americans. They

may not see the need for you to shower every day. Try and work out a compromise if

this is the case with your family. If a major problem exists, you mat wish to explore other

living accommodations or possibly joining a local gym and using their facilities to me

your personal hygiene requirements.

The following are some topics that should be discussed with your host family at the

beginning of your stay:

Curfew. Your host family may suggest a curfew. Be respectful of the life style of your

host family.

Dining Hours. In homestays you will be eating all meals with your host family. Be

prompt for meals. Inform them ahead of time if you are unable to be present for a meal

with the family for any reason.

Visitors. Your host family may not be comfortable having other students in their house.

Discuss this in advance in order to respect the host family. If it is a problem, meet your

friends at another location.

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PREPARING TO BE AN AMERICAN ABROADNo matter where you go, you will be asked questions about U.S. foreign policy--

especially about matters that directly affect the country in which you are studying. The

best way to prepare yourself in advance is by reading newspapers like the New York

Times, Washington Post and Christian Science Monitor, which are known for their

coverage of international affairs. Websites: www.nytimes.com or www.cnn.com or

www.washingtonpost.com

Returning students almost always state that they wished they had known more about

the U.S. and its foreign policies, as they were asked many questions! Following is a list

of recommended websites to gain information:

Backpack Europe on a Budget: www.backpackeurope.comBudget Travel: www.budgettravel.comCNN Travel Guide: www.cnn.com/TRAVELCurrency Converter: www.xe.net/ucc or

www.oanda.com/converter/travelEuropean Hostels: www.europeanhostels.com or

www.hostelseurope.comHostelling International: www.iyhf.orgNews for the Thrifty Traveler: www.thriftytraveler.comLet’s Go: www.letsgo.comEurope through the Back Door: www.ricksteves.comGo-Budget Travel:

www.gobudgettravel.com/budget-travel-destinations/

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SHOPPING TIPS: Shopping abroad can be an exciting bargain or a depressing rip-off.

It can be a good way to study the culture, for you will find what people in that culture

purchase. "Duty Free" Shops are deceiving because "Duty Free" only means the

government excise tax has been removed. Be aware of the individual country tax laws.

Many times taxes are refundable on departure. An example of this is the VAT, or Value-

Added Tax. You should have the receipts stamped at customs when you depart. When

you return home, mail copies of the receipts back to the store with your U.S. address.

The store should then mail you a refund. Using a credit card makes paperwork easier.

Sometimes you might be in a culture where you will need to bargain.

a) Shop around before you make an offer.

b) Say you will have to check with a friend who knows about the

product.

c) Make sure nothing is wrong with the purchase. A scratch/mark

should reduce the asking price.

d) Try and interpret their actions and motions.

e) Do not be afraid to walk away if you are getting too much pressure

to buy.

f) Remember, you can always look elsewhere. There are a lot of eager

merchants.

g) Be absolutely positive that you want something before you agree to

pay a price.

h) It is quite disrespectful, and sometimes very dangerous, to break a

commitment to purchase.

CUSTOMS (on return to U.S.) When you return to the United States, you must go

through customs. The U.S. government prohibits Americans from bringing back certain

articles and imposes import fees or duties on other items. In general, the first $800

worth of goods is duty free, but expect to pay a 10% duty on the next $1000 worth of

purchases. Import duty varies according to the nature of the articles when you go over

$1400. All articles acquired abroad and in your possession at the time of your return to

the US must be declared to Customs officials, either orally (if you do not exceed the

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$800 limit) or in writing. Declaration forms are distributed during your flight back to the

U.S. It is important to keep track of your receipts, especially of major purchases. If there

are questions at custom, you can produce proof of the cost of purchase. It is not worth it

to attempt to bring in illegal goods or not declare correct amounts, the penalties are

costly.

A WORD ON PHOTOGRAPHY: People give expression to their experiences overseas

in many different ways. Some of these means are: journal writing, detailed letters home,

art, music and photography. Of various forms of expression, photography is one which

needs to be done with particular sensitivity and care.

In the U.S., cameras and picture taking are a normal part of life. But in many other

countries, cameras can say and mean something very different. For example, in

economically poor countries, the ability to own a camera often sets you apart from many

people. It may indicate you are wealthy.

Cameras can also say you have power. You not only have the ability to take pictures,

you also have the ability to interpret the lives of others. You can use those images

however you want. The subjects will not have control.

Cameras can also mean different things from one country to another. In a totalitarian

country cameras mean fear and suspicion. They are instruments of control and coercion

when used by the state to document the activities of citizens. Even in countries which

have recently been freed from totalitarian rule, people can still be suspicious of

strangers who point a camera at them.

The camera can be a powerful tool. In the hands of a sensitive photographer, it can

enhance relationships and provide people back home with a meaningful glimpse of the

life in another culture. Used improperly, it can erect barriers, create hard feelings and

give negative impressions of another country.

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Advice on taking pictures: If you have purchased a new camera, be sure to practice

using it before you go. When on site, take pictures of everyday sights and activities right

away. Sights will soon become familiar to you. The everyday scenes will be especially

meaningful to you when you return, but are most often the ones missing from your

photos.

Be sensitive to others' feelings about photography and do not intrude where you are not

welcome. Do not let your photography become offensive. Memories can be created by

getting to know people as well as by photographing them. If you plan to spend several

days or more with hosts, wait awhile before you begin taking pictures. It is always a lot

easier when friends take pictures of friends naturally.

ACROSS CULTURAL ADJUSTMENT: Adjusting to a new culture is a major part of the

intercultural experience of study abroad. Each of us has attitudes, emotions, prejudices,

habits and mannerisms that are a product of our culture. When you enter a new culture,

all or most of the familiar cues of daily life are removed. No matter how broad minded or

full of good will you may be, the mental and emotional adjustment required of those

living abroad is real. You will experience some type of cultural adjustment.

Many people think that knowing and speaking the language insures automatic

communication. But, communication includes behavior. Knowledge of the written and

spoken language may by itself be insufficient. Your peace of mind depends on

hundreds of signs and symbols about which you are largely unaware. These signs or

cues that you use to orient yourself to the situation of daily living include: when and how

to greet people, eat food, get from place to place and talk informally. When you enter a

new culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed.

An intercultural experience forces you into realizations about others and about yourself.

One of the greatest shocks may not be in the encounter with a different culture, but in

the recognition of how your own culture has shaped you and what you do.

There is no clear-cut way of dealing with the results of immersion into a new culture.

Accepting the fact that adjustment is a challenge, but remembering that it is a temporary

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condition that will pass as you become familiar with the language, mannerisms and local

customs, is the first step toward adjustment.

Culture shock is a normal experience and it effects nearly every traveler, even

experienced ones. Problems of adjustment are experienced by everyone, but to each

with varying intensity.

EXCITEMENT: This is often called the “honeymoon”. You are excited about the

newness of it all. Experiences are new and exciting. Sights, sounds, smells are

different, but still so interesting. You are comfortable as long as you can see similarities

between your native culture and your new environment. Normally this phase does not

last if you remain in one place, as you must begin to cope with the real conditions of life

in that country.

CRISIS: How can there be a crisis stage during this experience I have planned for and

dreamed about for so long? When the newness and excitement wear off (from a few

hours to a few weeks), the real challenge begins. As you start to see and feel

differences, things may go wrong and you may feel disoriented. Because language is

the most common communication tool in any society, it offers the greatest security. If

you do not have adequate language skills, you are stripped of your primary means of

interaction. You may be unable to display your education and intelligence, symbols that

give you status and security back home. As you meet people, but are not able to

respond to them on their level, you may feel you are back on the level of a beginner.

You may be excessively concerned about cleanliness, drinking water, food. You may

experience fits of anger over delays and other minor frustrations.

It is at this time that some may go through an “anti-native” stage. This is the time of

cultural adjustment when there is a tendency to complain about the country and the

people. It may be a time of clinging to old beliefs and attitudes and idealizing the

situation at home. It can end up with finding fault with everything foreign. You are in

another culture, not to replicate the U.S., but to learn about the culture and use your

newly acquired lens to view your own culture. There is always the danger of being stuck

113

at this level. Hopefully, if you recognize this stage, you will be able to take measures to

move on and allow yourself to see more of the wonders of the new culture.

The other side of the “anti-native” stage is “going native”. It is good to recognize the

positive qualities of the new culture and be somewhat adventurous, but there is a

danger of going too far. A person of this extreme renounces former ways and values in

favor of new ones. There is criticism of the home country and bitter blaming for real and

imagined injustices. This time is also characterized as culture fatigue. One just gets

tired of not being home. In spite of the ability to cope on a daily basis, everything can

just become uncomfortable and overwhelming.

RECOVERY – IT’S STARTING TO MAKE SENSE: You begin to piece together a

pattern of behaving and living. You may begin to recognize communicative cues: faces,

actions and tones. If you are speaking another language, you begin to communicate

more efficiently. As you build your familiarity and knowledge, you find each day easier.

To move to this stage it is important to develop self-awareness--an understanding of

your own feelings and cultural patterns, what offends or confuses you and why you feel

that way. It is helpful if you suspend judgment about conditions and situations you find

unpleasant or confusing until you learn more about the people and the reasons they

think and act as they do.

The recovery stage progresses as one begins to understand the host culture. One

becomes more concerned with gaining new insights and friends. The ability to

remember who the foreigner is regained.

ADJUSTMENT: Now that you are adjusting to the new culture, you can accept it as just

another way of living. It does not mean you are enthusiastic about everything the people

do or about the way they do it. It does mean that you can accept and understand the

differences. You will still have moments of strain and times of misunderstanding, but

you begin to feel more comfortable and genuinely enjoy yourself.

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OBEYING LOCAL AND NATIONAL LAWS: While you are visiting another country you

are subject to the laws of that country. Legal protection taken for granted in the US is

left behind when you leave the US. American Embassies/Consulates are very limited in

the assistance they can provide. They cannot intervene on your behalf in the

administration of justice as seen from the point of view of the host country.

Bail provisions as we know them in the US are rare and many countries and pre-trial

detention without bail is not uncommon. Prison conditions in developing or

fundamentalist countries may often be deplorable. The principle of “innocent until

proven guilty” is not necessarily followed in the legal systems abroad. The best advice is

to know the laws, obey them and stay out of trouble. Use common sense—what is

acceptable in the US, isn’t always acceptable abroad.

Always register with the consulate of your home country, if you are not a citizenof the country in which you are working.

Use the following link to find the consulate in the country you will be traveling and

completing your overseas internship program.

www.state.gov

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2010 Sample Domestic Internship Programs

US - CO - Denver

Mandatory Skills/Experience:•Junior or Senior working toward Bachelors Degree inMarketing/Communications/Business Management disciplines• Strong communication skills & strongattention to detail...May-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all 90octane jobsResearch 90octane on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - CO - DenverPermanent link to this job

Social Media Marketing Internship

US - IL - Chicago

Interested in honing your online marketing skills using social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter,and Scribd? Writing Reflections is looking for a Social Media Marketing Intern in the Chicago...May-05-2010- save job- email- moreView all Writing Reflection jobsResearch Writing Reflection on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - IL - ChicagoPermanent link to this job

Marketing Communications Internship

US - IL - Chicago

Interested in honing your marketing communication skills by assisting in the execution of promotionalstrategies for e-book launches and workshops? Writing Reflections is looking for a Marketing Com...May-05-2010- save job- email- moreView all Writing Reflections jobsResearch Writing Reflections on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - IL - ChicagoPermanent link to this job

Public Relations Internship American Physical Therapy Association

US - VA

Criteria: Interns must be one year or less out from graduating with a bachelor's degree incommunications, public relations, or marketing and have a demonstrated interest in the public relationsprofe...May-10-2010- save job- email- moreView all American Physical Therapy Association jobsResearch American Physical Therapy Association on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job Coveted Medical Device Marketing Internship ConMed Linvatec

117

US - FL - Largo

Our Ideal Candidate will:1.BA or MBA in Marketing.2.Possess knowledge or strong interest in thehealthcare market.3.Have strong analytical, organizational and marketing communication skills. ...Jun-03-2010- save job- email- moreView all ConMed Linvatec jobsResearch ConMed Linvatec on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - FL - LargoPermanent link to this job

Regional Event Marketing - Academic Intern

ALSAC/St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

US - Nationwide

We are looking for individuals who are:•At least 18 years of age •Able to receive college course creditupon successful completion of the internship assignment •A sophomore, junior, senior or gr...Jun-24-2010- save job- email- moreView all ALSAC/St. Jude Children's Research Hospital jobsResearch ALSAC/St. Jude Children's Research Hospital on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Web Programmer Internship

The King Agency

US - VA - Richmond

Required skills: HTML/CSS (advanced level)Content Management Systems (must be able to install andcompletely customize – please specify the systems you use)Javascript (working knowledge – p...Apr-28-2010- save job- email- moreResearch The King Agency on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - VA - RichmondPermanent link to this job

Marketing Internship

Baynote

US - CA - San Jose

-Business, Marketing, PR or Communications majors preferred -Some experience in basic sales ormarketing preferred (from other internships and/or jobs) -Extremely strong writing skills-Excel and...Jun-08-2010- save job- email- moreView all Baynote jobsResearch Baynote on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - CA - San JosePermanent link to this job

Graphic Design for Marketing Internship Program

Public Health Foundation / Marketing

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US - DC - Washington

PHF’s internship program is unpaid and for college credit only. Preferred majors include Marketing,Communications, Public Health, Health Sciences, English, Journalism, and Public Policy. PHF’s int...May-10-2010- save job- email- moreView all Public Health Foundation / Marketing jobsResearch Public Health Foundation / Marketing on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - DC - WashingtonPermanent link to this job

Marketing and Communications Internship Program Public Health Foundation / Marketing


PHF’s internship program is unpaid and for college credit only. Preferred majors include Marketing,Communications, Public Health, Health Sciences, English, Journalism, and Public Policy. PHF’s int...May-10-2010- save job- email- moreView all Public Health Foundation / Marketing jobsResearch Public Health Foundation / Marketing on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - DC - WashingtonPermanent link to this job

Marketing Intern UMFS

US - VA - Richmond

Strong oral and written communications skills, knowledge of proofreading and editing, proficiency inMicrosoft Office including Word and Excel. Background in marketing, public relations or communicati...May-20-2010- save job- email- moreView all UMFS jobsResearch UMFS on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - VA - RichmondPermanent link to this job

Marketing News Internship American Marketing Association

US - IL - Chicago

•Journalism, communications or English major with experience working on a school newspaper or otherpublication. Relevant coursework applies.• Strong writing skills. Familiarity with AP style a plu...Feb-15-2010- save job- email- moreView all American Marketing Association jobsResearch American Marketing Association on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - IL - ChicagoPermanent link to this job

Marketing Coordinator Intern Virginia Housing Development Authority

US - VA - Richmond

• Minimum GPA of 3.0 or better• Available to work 15-25 hours per week minimum• Available for aminimum of six months, with the possibility of an extension The Marketing Coordinator intern perform...May-21-2010- save job- email- moreView all Virginia Housing Development Authority jobsResearch Virginia Housing Development Authority on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - VA - RichmondPermanent link to this job

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Marketing Intern – College Student Campaign 1154 LILL Studio: Custom Handbags

US - IL - Chicago

• Seeking interns who can commit to 10 week session, approximately 15 hours per week. • Sophomore orJunior year status working toward a Bachelor’s degree in Marketing, PR, Communications or rela...May-12-2010- save job- email- moreView all 1154 LILL Studio: Custom Handbags jobsResearch 1154 LILL Studio: Custom Handbags on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - IL - ChicagoPermanent link to this job

Community Engagement Intern Florida Virtual School

US - FL - Orlando

High school degree or GED equivalent is required.• Must be at least 18 years of age.• This is a junior-level marketing internship. Prior intern experience in advertising, marketing...Jul-19-2010- save job- email- moreView all Florida Virtual School jobsResearch Florida Virtual School on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - FL - OrlandoPermanent link to this job

Fall 2010 Accounting/ Finance Internship The Advertising Research Foundation-

US - NY - New York

Primary Skills:•Excellent organizational, written and oral communication skills •Excellent Analytical skills•Must be extremely detail oriented •Computer Skills: Microsoft Office, Word, Exc...Jul-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Advertising Research Foundation jobsResearch The Advertising Research Foundation on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Fall 2010 Research Internship The Advertising Research Foundation

US - NY - New York

Primary Responsibilities:•Required Skills •Excellent written and verbal communication skills •Excellentorganizational skills •An affinity for social media •Basic math skills •Some b...Jul-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Advertising Research Foundation jobsResearch The Advertising Research Foundation on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Internship The Puppy Channel(R)

US - FL - Clearwater

Qualifications: Internet-savvy; love/appreciation for the value of animals to people; good communicator,including clear writing style; high motivation to accomplish presentable work; careful...May-09-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Puppy Channel(R) jobsResearch The Puppy Channel(R) on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - FL - ClearwaterPermanent link to this job

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Internship: Creative website and graphic designer

3 roads media

US - CO

A progressive leader in web design, creative design, and guerilla style marketing is seeking anexceptional candidate to make a contribution to our team. 3 roads uses a visionary approach, are highly...Jun-06-2010- save job- email- moreView all 3 roads media jobsResearch 3 roads media on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Promotions Dept. Intern - KFOG Cumulus Media-

US - CA

The intern positions require the following:- Must be a currently enrolled college student.- Must have avalid driver's license and a clean driving record.- Must have a GPA of C or above.- Cour...Apr-28-2010- save job- email- moreView all Cumulus Media jobsResearch Cumulus Media on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Promotions Dept. Intern - Radio KNBR Cumulus Media

US - CA

Position requires the following:- Must be a currently enrolled college student.- Must have a valid driver'slicense and a clean driving record.- Must have a GPA of C or above.- Course of study...Apr-28-2010- save job- email- moreView all Cumulus Media jobsResearch Cumulus Media on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Promotions Dept. Intern -KSAN (107.7 The Bone) Cumulus Media Station

US - CA

Position requires the following:- Must be a currently enrolled college student.- Must have a valid driver'slicense and a clean driving record.- Must have a GPA of C or above.- Course of study...Apr-28-2010- save job- email- moreView all Cumulus Media Station jobsResearch Cumulus Media Station on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Marketing and Communications Intern Inergize Digital

US - MN

Qualifications Education:* Currently enrolled in or graduated from a Marketing, Communications orbusiness-related degree program. Knowledge and Skills:* Ability to prioritize multiple p...Jun-18-2010- save job- email- moreView all Inergize Digital jobsResearch Inergize Digital on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

121

Marketing News Website Internship American Marketing Association

US - IL - Chicago

Education and/or Experience Pursuing Bachelor’s Degree (BA) in Journalism or related field from four-year college or university. Candidate will have strong online research skills and educational exp...Feb-15-2010- save job- email- moreView all American Marketing Association jobsResearch American Marketing Association on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - IL - ChicagoPermanent link to this job

Marketing Intern GES - Global Experience Specialists

US - NV - Las Vegas

Qualifications •Bachelors degree in Marketing/Communications, college student with related studies orcommensurate experience •Strong project management and time management skills• Excellent wr...Jun-14-2010- save job- email- moreView all GES - Global Experience Specialists jobsResearch GES - Global Experience Specialists on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NV - Las VegasPermanent link to this job

Marketing Intern (New York, NY) Snackable Media

US - NY - New York

Snackable Media, a direct marketing digital content company, is now seeking a seeking a part-timeMarketing Intern (Paid) to help with the following tasks: Work with the Director of Marketing, and...Jun-15-2010- save job- email- moreView all Snackable Media jobsResearch Snackable Media on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Sales & Marketing Intern www.lernerbooks.com

US - MN - Minneapolis

Qualifications include excellent organizational skills, strong writing ability, and basic computer experience,specifically Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, database and Internet applications. The Sal...Jun-01-2010- save job- email- moreView all www.lernerbooks.com jobsResearch www.lernerbooks.com on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - MN - MinneapolisPermanent link to this job

Human Resources Manager Peter A Mayer Advertising

US - LA - New Orleans

Required Skills:**Must be PHR or SPHR certified• Bachelor’s Degree in Human Resources Managementor HRIS certification• Five years of human resources management experience (agency setting pref...Jul-09-2010- save job- email- moreView all Peter A Mayer Advertising jobsResearch Peter A Mayer Advertising on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - LA - New OrleansPermanent link to this job

http://careerhq.fita.org/jobs/3379135/marketing-intern-college-student-campaign

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Fall 2010 Membership Services Internship

The Advertising Research Foundation

US - NY - New York

Primary Responsibilities:•Assist the Membership Services Department in ensuring all current memberswho are eligible are receiving the JAR (the ARF’s quarterly publication)- updating monthly with...Jul-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Advertising Research Foundation jobsResearch The Advertising Research Foundation on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Fall 2010 Events Internship The Advertising Research Foundation

US - NY - New York

Primary Responsibilities:•Responsible for a wide range of duties in the Events Department. • Assists toreconcile all supplier and miscellaneous bills. •Prepares letters, documents, and cor...Jul-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Advertising Research Foundation jobsResearch The Advertising Research Foundation on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Fall 2010 Business Development Internship The Advertising Research Foundation

US - NY - New York

Primary Skills:•Computer Applications: Word, Power Point, Excel, database mining, discovery, analytics•Outstanding organization and attention to detail •Ability to multitask and prioritize ...Jul-22-2010- save job- email- moreView all The Advertising Research Foundation jobsResearch The Advertising Research Foundation on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - NY - New YorkPermanent link to this job

Marketing / Sales Operations Internship Baytech Webs, Inc.

US - CA - San Jose

Work for a fast pace and exciting web development company in the Silicon Valley, San Jose, CA! Are youfamiliar with blogging? Are you intrigued with new web technologies and innovation? Do you ...Apr-30-2010- save job- email- moreResearch Baytech Webs, Inc. on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - CA - San JosePermanent link to this job

Paid Internet Marketing Internship: Web Designer Medium Blue Search Engine MarketingCompany

US - GA - Atlanta

The Job/Responsibilities: The candidate must be meticulous and able to design with a good eye for theaesthetic. The candidate will be responsible for creating website and landing page designs, mock...Jun-07-2010- save job- email- moreView all Medium Blue Search Engine Marketing Company jobsResearch Medium Blue Search Engine Marketing Company on Google, Bing or Yahoo!

http://careerhq.fita.org/jobs/3409754/internship-creative-website-and-graphic-designer

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Paid Internship: Web Analytics/ Link Building Medium Blue Search Engine Marketing

US - GA - Atlanta

The Job/Responsibilities and Qualifications: Are you a number cruncher? A data miner? Did you excel atNumber Munchers back in grade school? Are you known for accuracy and precision? Are you the one...Jun-07-2010- save job- email- moreView all Medium Blue Search Engine Marketing jobsResearch Medium Blue Search Engine Marketing on Google, Bing or Yahoo!View Map of US - GA - AtlantaPermanent link to this job

Internship in Marketing, PR & Event-Management Nomadas Outdoor Services

CHL - Punta Arenas

The candidate should have the following professional skills: Excellent verbal and written communicationskills in native language Intermediate Spanish written and oral skills Excellent computer ski...May-31-2010- save job- email- moreView all Nomadas Outdoor Services jobsResearch Nomadas Outdoor Services on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this jobThe following jobs are sponsored by and will open in a new browser window.

Intern, International Earthjustice

US - CA - Oakland

prevent international trade and commerce from internship offers extensive exposure to the operations ofthe non-profit legal community and international...Jul-14-2010- linkedinView all Earthjustice jobsResearch Earthjustice on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

BlueGreen Alliance DC Internship - Fall 2010 Blue Green Alliance


Employees International Union, Natural Resources Defense Council, Laborers International Union ofNorth the environment, international trade, globalization...Jul-23-2010- linkedinView all Blue Green Alliance jobsResearch Blue Green Alliance on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Global Trade and Agriculture Policy Intern Fa Women Thrive Worldwide


empowerment in international trade and agriculture the benefits of trade. Women Thrive is working toensure that existing and new trade capacity building...Jul-14-2010- linkedinView all Women Thrive Worldwide jobsResearch Women Thrive Worldwide on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

http://careerhq.fita.org/jobs/3300511/marketing-news-website-internship

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Development Office Internship The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars


Development Office Internship Development Office The Woodrow Wilson International Center forScholars is Building and International Trade Center in Washington...Jun-10-2010- linkedinView all The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars jobsResearch The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Law Student / Clerkship (1317523) Confidential

US - NH - Concord

Summer Legal Internship Program The interns may lunch with experts on such topics as internationaltrade, environmental and technology law (particularly...Jul-06-2010- linkedinView all Confidential jobsResearch Confidential on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Law Student / Clerkship (1317602) Confidential

US - SC - Charleston

Summer Legal Internship Program The interns may lunch with experts on such topics as internationaltrade, environmental and technology law (particularly...Jul-06-2010- linkedinView all Confidential jobsResearch Confidential on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job

Border Patrol Agent Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection

US - TX - West

after the 2-year internship. The Federal Careers economic security through lawful international trade andtravel. We serve the American public with...Jul-15-2010- linkedinView all Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection jobsResearch Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection on Google, Bing or Yahoo!Permanent link to this job


US - AZ -



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US - TX -



US - CA -


Facilities Manager University of Southern California (USC)-

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