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InternationalTelecommunicationUnion
Committed to Connecting the World
InternationalTelecommunicationUnion
Committed to Connecting the World
Asia-Pacific Telecommunication/ICT
Indicators 2008Broadband in Asia-Pacific:
Too much, too little?Vanessa Gray
Market Information and Statistics DivisionTelecommunication Development BureauInternational Telecommunication Union
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
3
Asia-Pacific: a region of superlatives
Asia-Pacific48%
Europe & CIS26%
Africa1%
Arab States
3%
Distribution of fixed
telephone lines by region, 2007
Europe & CIS28%
Arab States
5%
Africa5%
Asia-Pacific42%
Distribution of mobile cellular
subscribers by region,
2007
Africa2%
Arab States
3%
Europe & CIS25%Asia-
Pacific42%
Distributionof Internet
usersby region,
2007
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Americas20%
Americas28%
Americas22%
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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Benefits of broadbandBroadband makes the Internet always available at a fast speed:
Companies can keep websites up and running 24x7 & can deliver products & services in real time. Individuals enjoy a faster and more pleasant Internet surfing experience and the ability to use bandwidth-intensive applications (e.g., VoIP, IPTV). Broadband also enhances a range of socially desirable and valuable online services in areas such as government, education and health.
“Highspeed broadband, which a few years ago was considered a luxury is today a necessary part of the industrial, commercial and lifestyle landscapes.” Energy, Water & Communications Minister, Malaysia, Nov. 2006
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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Broadband champions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Kore
a(R
ep)
Icel
and
Net
her
lands
Sin
gap
ore
Den
mar
k
HK,
Chin
aTai
wan
,Chin
aN
orw
ay
Sw
eden
Mac
ao,
Chin
a
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Icel
and
Slo
venia
USA
Den
mar
k
Norw
ay
Tai
wan
, Chin
a
Sw
eden
Japan
HK,
Chin
a
Kore
a (R
ep.)
Sou
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tors
dat
abas
e.
Sou
rce:
Fib
er-to
-the-
Hom
e C
ounc
il.
Top 10 economies by FTTH/LAN household penetration, 2007
Top 10 economies by broadband household penetration, 2007
September 2008
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Broadband divide: penetration
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Afg
han
ista
nBan
gla
des
hP.
N.G
uin
eaBhuta
nM
icro
nes
iaKirib
ati
Guam
Mya
nm
arSam
oa
Iran
Nep
alCam
bodia
Laos
Mongolia
Paki
stan
Indones
iaSolo
monIs
l.In
dia
SriLa
nka
Van
uat
uTonga
Fiji
Phili
ppin
esThai
land
Vie
tnam
Bru
nei
Dar
us
Mal
div
esM
alay
sia
Chin
aN
ewCal
edon
Fren
chPo
lyn.
Sin
gap
ore
New
Zea
land
Tai
wan
,Chin
Mac
ao,C
hin
aIs
rael
Japan
Aust
ralia
HK,C
hin
aKore
a(Rep
.)
Red bars: Upper & high-income economies
Blue bars: Lower middle-income economies
Orange bars: Low-income economies
Fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 100 inhabitants, 2007
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September 2008
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Broadband Divide: Speed
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
JapanKorea (Rep.)
Hong Kong, ChinaAustralia
SingaporeIndia
Taiwan, ChinaVietnam
Macao, ChinaMalaysiaMaldivesThailand
PhilippinesBhutan
FijiNepal
PakistanPNG
Solomon IslandsSri Lanka
BangladeshVanuatu
LaosBruneiTonga
Cambodia
Sou
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ITU
.
Note: The range of speeds show the advertised lowest and highest speed consumer broadband plan offered using DSL technology. Higher speed, mass market broadband plans using fiber optic connections are available in several high-income economies, with speeds from 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps. For Bangladesh, speeds refer to a cable modem plan.
Mbps50
5030
20
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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Broadband Divide: Price
$0$10$20$30$40$50$60$70$80$90
$100M
acao
, Chi
naTa
iwan
,Chi
naS
inga
pore
Japa
nH
K, C
hina
New
Zea
land
Aus
tralia
Kor
ea (R
ep.)
Mal
dive
sM
alay
sia
Bru
nei D
arus
.Th
aila
nd Fiji
Chi
naIn
dia
Sri L
anka
Indo
nesi
aP
hilip
pine
sV
ietn
amPa
kist
anBh
utan
Tong
aM
ongo
liaN
epal
Bang
lad.
PNG
Cam
bodi
aV
anua
tuSo
lom
on Is
l.La
os
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Monthly subscription% of GNI per capita
Price >per
capita income
Monthly broadband prices in Asia-Pacific, minimum 256 kbps, US$, July 2008
Sou
rce:
ITU
High cost of international fibre & scarcity of international bandwidth / Lack of competition & barriers for new entrants / Economy of scale
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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Broadband: Too much or too little?
Do some high-income economies have too much broadband?
“…there is little evidence to support the notion that faster is inherently better. Can the Japanese and Koreans do something at 100Mb/s that the Americans, British and Germans can't at 20Mb/s?”--The Economist
On the other hand, the region’s low and lower-middle-income economies are bandwidth deprived, with too little broadband.
“…the current population of broadband subscribers is geographically dispersed and thereby not a single area appears to be sufficiently served…the major cities of the country are not optimally served. The situation in the rest of the country is even more dismal, where most of the cities are showing almost zero % penetration...”--Government of Pakistan
September 2008
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10
1,721 LG Powercom (Korea)
2,135 KDDI (Japan)
3,658 Hanaro (Korea)
4,243 CHT (Taiwan)
4,598 Telstra (Australia)
5,164 Softbank (Japan)
6,516 Korea Telecom
12,960 NTT (Japan)
19,768 China Netcom
35,650 China Telecom
Subscribers000sOperator
4%30,041 PLDT (Philippines)
0%30,613 Mobilink (Pakistan)
0%36,810 BSNL (India)
0%39,865 Vodafone (India)
0%40,960 Reliance (India)
7%47,890 Telkomsel (Indonesia)
79%53,150 DoCoMo (Japan)
0%55,163 Bharti (India)
0%162,491 China Unicom
0%369,339 China Mobile
%BBSubscribers
000sOperator
Top broadband providers versus top mobile providers in Asia-Pacific
Low & lower-middle income economies Source: Adapted from company reports.
Top 10 broadband operators, 2007 Top 10 mobile operators, 2007
September 2008
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Mobile opens the way for new applications
Asia-Pacific: 30% CAGR over last 5 years; today one out of 3 inhabitants have a mobile phoneMid-2008: China and India had 600 and 280 million mobile subscribers Spread of mobile data applications
SMSEntertainmentm-bankingm-governmentm-commerce
Other18%
GPRS/ MMS19%
SMS41%
22%Calling
melodies
AIS ThailandDistribution of
mobile data revenue 2007
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0 200 400
PhilippinesMalaysia
IndonesiaChina
AustraliaHK, China
IndiaPakistan
SMS per subscriber per month, 2007
September 2008
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Mobile browsing
05
10152025303540
Thai
land
Chi
na
Phili
ppin
es
Sing
apor
e
Indi
aN
ewZe
alan
dIn
done
sia
Mill
ions
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%
Using mobile phone to access Internet% of mobile subscribers% of Internet users
Sou
rce:
Ada
pted
from
Nie
lsen
Mob
ile. A growing number
of users in low & lower-middle income economies are using mobile phone as browser to access Internet
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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Wireless technologies for broadband access
Broadband mobile (>256 kbps)
End 2007: 120 million mobile broadband subscribers in AP, almost all in high-income economiesIndonesia, Maldives, Philippines & Sri Lanka have launched 3G networks
Wi-Fi & WiMAX to set up hot-spots and connect rural areas
Thailand: BMA and True to use Wi-Fi to cover 400m2 area in BangkokWiMAX used to offer broadband in Fiji, Tonga, and Vanuatu
September 2008
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Two different broadband trendsIn high-income economies, ubiquitous access is progressing through a competitive race to provide ever faster fixed broadband speeds; deployment of mobile broadband at ever lower priceFour Asian tigers and Japan are world leaders in broadband penetration, fibre deployment, IP-based voice and video applications and 3G mobile useFixed and mobile technologies complement each other so that many users enjoy uninterrupted high-speed connectivity
In low and lower-middle-income economies, mobile phones have become a substitute for fixed lines and fixed broadband accessMany data needs are being fulfilled by the mobile phone, often at non-broadband speeds and delivered to small screens Visits to Internet cafes are made (where available) when higher speed, PC-based access is neededWhile ICT access is growing, it is often low-speed, not always convenient and not ubiquitous
BB4D: Low and lower-middle-income economies cannot be complacent about broadband. High-speed connectivity is crucial for many applications that have an important impact on development.
September 2008
Committed to Connecting the World
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RecommendationsRecognize importance of broadband; formulate actions and targetsAward licenses and spectrum for wireless broadband technologies (3G, WiMAX)Diversify provision by opening up the broadband market to new operators and stimulate competition to lower pricesCreate investment incentives
Aggregate demand by pooling dispersed broadband users togetherReduce customs duties on ICT equipment and offer tax credits forbroadband investment
Utilize universal service funds to bring broadband to rural and underserved areas, as well as schoolsPromote development of local content
To minimize dependence on expensive international connectivityEncourage more citizens to access relevant services and applications
Encourage convergence and the transition to NGN including adoption of regulations allowing the use of voice and video over broadband networks.
September 2008
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Asia-Pacific Telecommunication/ICT Indicators 2008 includes:
Analytical section20 regional tables covering telecommunication/ICT indicators43 individual country pages with a five year profileA directory of telecommunication/ICT ministries, regulators and operators in the region
