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INTERNET
• Network of networks• Mother of all networks• Planted in 1969 – ARPA (Advanced
Research Project Agency) under US Dept. of Defense• Resulting network called ARPANET• Create a large computer network with multiple
paths• Wanted users in remote locations to be able to
share scarce computing resources
INTERNET
• At first four primary host computers*Host – network server, providing services to
other computers that connect to it
• Rapid growth• 1973 – jumped across the Atlantic to Norway
and England• Mid 1980s – NSF (National Science Foundation)
was founded• Established five “supercomputing centers”• Available to anyone who wanted to use them for
academic research services
INTERNET
• Demand increased• NSF created a new, higher capacity network
NSFnet• Link between ARPANET, NSFnet and other
networks was called INTERNET*internetworking – the process of connecting
separate networks*internetworked – a collection of “networked
networks” or a worldwide network of networks• For private purposes • Private telecommunications built their own
network backbones
INTERNET
*network backbone – is the central structure that connects other elements of the network*distribute business and commercial information
• 1990 – original ARPANET was shut down• 1995 – government funding for NSFnet was
discontinued
WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION
• Web pages• Specially formatted documents which can
contain text, graphics and multimedia objects• Can display navigational tools to help you move
around within a web page• To move from on page to another within a Web
Site or to move among different sites• Web browser • a special software program that access the
Web• Example: IE, Mozilla, Netscape, Opera, Chrome• Unique feature and capabilities
WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION
• Web site • collection of related Web pages• Formatted with HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language)
• URL • Uniform resource locator• Domain name / subdomain name
• Hyperlink • is simply a part of the Web page that is linked to a URL
• Navigation tools• Hyperlinked pictures or graphical buttons• Browser’s navigation tools• Backward and forward button• Bookmark• History list
WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION
• Web-based search tools• Directories – enables to search for information by
selecting categories of subject matter• Search engines – lets you search for information by typing
one or more words• Type of lookup is called keyword search• Using boolean operators
• AND• both terms and ignores pages that include only one of them
• OR • include pages that include either or both of the terms
• NOT• looks for pages that include a term only which do not also
include the other term, ignores pages that include both terms• NEAR • determines the proximity, or closeness, of your specified words
WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION
• Web-based search tools• Metasearch engines• Use multiple search engines simultaneously to lookup sites
that match your keywords, phrase or question
• Site specific • Enables you took up for information on the Web site you
currently visiting