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8/10/2019 Internship Report on ZahidJee Textile Mills Limited 2014
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@d ylu whgt tcht riplrt mlgthmt lg tc`s gukair 6===-4980434
@GUIQG]C@V QIVLQU LG
RHC@EBII UISU@OI K@OO] O@K@UIE
AP
Plur ghki
Qloo #
]uak`ttie `g Vhrt`ho Duod`ookigt ld tciQiqu`rikigts dlr tci Eijrii ld Khstir ld Mlkkirmi
GHU@LGHO YG@TIQ]@UP LD KLEIQG OHGJYHJI],
@]OHKHAHE, VHN@]UHG.
Hujust, 1685
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Ght`lgho Yg`virs`ty ld Kleirg Ohgjuhjis
Dhmuoty ld @gdlrkht`lg Uimcgloljy hge Khghjikigt ]m`igmis
@t `s ciriay mirt`d`ie tcht tci riplrt chs aiig tclrlujcoy hge mhriduooy rihe hge
rimlkkigeie tl tci dhmuoty ld Khghjikigt ]m`igmis dlr hmmipthgmi ld D`gho Vrlbimt
Qiplrt ay Plur ghki, Qloo #, ]iss`lg (]ip 1681 tl Bugi 1685) Klrg`gj, `g phrt`ho
duod`ookigt ld tci riqu`rikigts dlr tci eijrii ld Khstir ld Mlkkirmi ht Ght`lgho
Yg`virs`ty ld Kleirg Ohgjuhjis, Dh`shohahe.
Ehti2 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
]upirv`slr2 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Lasirvir2 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Cihe ld Eiphrtkigt2 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
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`
EIE@MHU@LG
Ul Ky Olv`gj Uihmcirs, Dr`iges,
& Dhk`oy Kikairs
Zcl chvi aiig stihedhst
]upplrtirs tcrlujclut ky
K.Mlk w`tc tci`r `gvhouhaoi
Olvi hge ugeirsthge`gj
U C H G N ] U L H O O !
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``
HMNGLZOEJIKIGU
Dlriklst, @ jrihtoy tchgn Hok`jcty Hoohc Zcl chs aistlwie ki w`tc nglwoieji tl
mlkpoiti ky riplrt. @'k tlehy suak`tt`gj ky `gtirgsc`p riplrt> @ chvi tci pihros ld
ky iyis tl hek`ri tci aoiss`gjs ld tci mlkphss`lghti, lkg`pltigt, tci Kirm`duo hge
tci aigid`migt Hoohc Zcl `s tci igt`ri slurmi ld nglwoieji hge w`selk.
@ ixpriss ky eiip sigsi ld jrht`tuei tl ky clglrhaoi supirv`slr ]`r.]chn`o dlr c`s
eyghk`m supirv`s`lg, `gsp`r`gj htt`tuei, `ooustr`lus hev`mi, niig `gtirist, mlgstrumt`vi
mr`t`m`sk hge ioeiroy hddimt`lg. @t `s w`tc c`s niig supirv`s`lg tcht @ aimhki haoi tl
mlkpoiti tc`s e`dd`muot thsn qu`ti ihs`oy.
@g tci ige, @'oo o`ni tl tchgn hoo ky kigtlrs, Kr. @krhg, Kr. Dhrkhg, hge hoo ky ltcir
dioolw `gtirgiis, ciri hge `g ldd`mi, dlr tci`r ugmlge`t`lgho supplrt hge ciop.
PLYQ GHKI
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```
ISIMYU@TI ]YKKHQP
Rhc`ebii Uixt`oi K`oos O`k`tie (tci Mlkphgy) `s `gmlrplrhtie `g Vhn`sthg lg Buoy 8:,
8006 hs h puao`m o`k`tie mlkphgy ugeir tci Mlkphg`is Lre`ghgmi, 8035. Uci
Mlkphgy `s o`stie lg Nhrhmc` hge Ohclri stlmn ixmchgjis.
Uci rij`stirie ldd`mi ld tci Mlkphgy `s s`tuhtie ht 16 A`oho Qlhe, M`v`o O`gis,
Dh`shohahe. Uci wihv`gj ug`t `s olmhtie ht ]htyhgh, E`str`mt Dh`shohahe hge sp`gg`gj
ug`ts hri olmhtie ht Uics`o Bhrhgwhoh, E`str`mt Dh`shohahe `g tci prlv`gmi ld Vugbha.
@t `s h quho`ty mlgsm`lus mlkphgy. Uci mlkphgy `s @]L 0661 mirt`d`ie. Mlkphgys
k`ss`lg sthtikigt `s Ul hee vhoui tl schricloeirs hge tci imlglky ay igjhj`gj
Vrld`thaoi `g tixt`oi Vrleumts. Mlkphgys vhoui `s tl Mlgeumt aus`giss hs h slm`hooy
risplgs`aoi mlrplrhti m`t`zig.
@ bl`gie RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos Ote hs hg @gtirgii. Uci klt`vi ld bl`g`gj tci
RHC@EBII whs tl chvi hg ixplsuri ld tixt`oi simtlr hge pltigt`ho tl hvh`o h sluge
hge prlk`s`gj mhriir. @ eivltie ky t`ki tl oihrg halut RHC@EBII, wc`mc w`oo ai
aigid`m`ho tl ki `d @ bl`g tixt`oi simtlr. @g tc`s 4 wiins `gtirgsc`p prljrhk @ httigeie
tci oimturis ld niy eiphrtkigts (Hmmlugt`gj/D`ghgmi eiphrtkigt, ixplrt/Olmho
khrnit`gj eiphrtkigt) ld tc`s ng`ttie tixt`oi khgudhmturirs ld Vhn`sthg. @ hosl v`s`tie
tcisi eiphrtkigts hge wlrn tciri hmmlre`gj tl smcieuoi dlr hmqu`r`gj prhmt`mho
nglwoieji.
@g tc`s riplrt @ chvi j`vig h viry ar`id riv`iw ld wcht @ chvi siig eur`gj ky
`gtirgsc`p. @ hosl kigt`lgie halut tci Uixt`oi `geustry `g Vhn`sthg hge v`s`lg ld `ts
`geustry. Ucig @ chvi elgi h eith`oie ]ZLU hghoys`s hs wioo hs VI]U Hghoys`s.
@ chvi khei `t plss`aoi tl wr`ti ihmc hge iviry tc`gj tcht @ chvi oihrgt tciri. @ chvi hooky prhmt`mho iddlrts `g tci dlrk ld tc`s khgusmr`pt tchts tci hssit dlr ky duturi
mhriir.
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`v
UHAOI LD MLGUIGU]
Mchptirs Vhji
EIE@MHU@LG. `
HMNGLZOIEJIK IGU... ``
ISIMYU@TI ]YKKIHP... .. ```
UHAOI LD MLGU IGU] `v
@GUIQG]C@V OHUUIQ.. v``
MCHUIQ GL.8 UISU@OI @GEY]UQP LD VHN@]UHG ........................................ 8 8.8. @gtrleumt`lg2 ........................................................................................................ 1
8.1. Drii Khrnit Kimchg`sk2 .................................................................................... 1
8.=. HVUKH T`s`lg2 .................................................................................................. =
8.5. Imlglk`m Uurghrluge2 ....................................................................................... =
8.9. Qhw Khtir`hos2 .................................................................................................... 5
8.4. C`jc @gtirist Qhti Qij`ki2 ................................................................................. 5
8.:. Khrnit Hmmiss2.................................................................................................... 98.3. Qidlrkie Jigirho ]hois Uhx2 ............................................................................. 9
8.0. Vhn Mc`gh @gvistkigt @g`t`ht`vi2 ......................................................................... 4
8.86. @kplrthgmi ld Uixt`oi @geustry2 .......................................................................... 4
8.86.8. Mlkpls`ti Uixt`oi Yg`ts2 ............................................................................. 3
8.86.1. @ge`v`euho Uixt`oi Yg`ts2 .............................................................................. 3
8.88. Mlgtr`aut`lg tl Ixplrts2 ..................................................................................... 3
8.81. Mlgtr`aut`lg tl JEV hge Ikpolykigt2 ............................................................. 3
8.8=. D`g`sc`gj Olln hge Mlgtrlo Mlkplgigts2 .......................................................... 0
8.85. Giie dlr Urh`g`gj @gst`tut`lgs2............................................................................ 0
8.89. Ixc`a`t`lgs2 ......................................................................................................... 0
8.84. Mlkpit`t`lg2 ..................................................................................................... 86
MCHVUIQ GL.1 RHC@EBII UISU@OI K@OO] OUE ......................................... 88
1.8. @gtrleumt`lg2 ...................................................................................................... 81
1.1. Mlkphgy Vrld`oi2 .............................................................................................. 8=
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v
1.1.8. K`ss`lg2 ..................................................................................................... 8=
1.1.1. T`s`lg2 ....................................................................................................... 8=
1.1.=. Thouis2 ....................................................................................................... 8=
1.1.5. @]L Mirt`d`ie2 ............................................................................................ 8=
1.1.9. Alhre ld E`rimtlrs2 .................................................................................... 8=
1.1.4. Ahgnirs ld tci Mlkphgy2 .......................................................................... 8=
1.1.:. Hue`t Mlkk`ttii2 ...................................................................................... 8=
1.1.3. Mlkphgy ]imrithry/ Mc`id D`ghgm`ho Ldd`mir2 .......................................... 85
1.1.0. Qij`stirie Ldd`mi2 ...................................................................................... 85
1.1.86. ]chri Qij`strhr2 ......................................................................................... 85
1.1.88. Hue`tlrs2 .................................................................................................... 85
1.=. K`oos2 ................................................................................................................. 85
1.=.8. RHC@EBII ]p`gg`gj Yg`t-82 .................................................................... 85
1.=.1. RHC@EBII ]p`gg`gj Yg`t-12 .................................................................... 85
1.=.=. RHC@EBII Zihv`gj Yg`t2 ........................................................................ 89
1.=.5. RHC@EBII ]t`tmc`gj Yg`t2 ........................................................................ 89
1.5. Eiphrtkigts ld RHC@EBII2 ............................................................................. 84
1.9. Khmc`giry2 ........................................................................................................ 8:
1.4. Vrlpirty, Vohgt Hge Iqu`pkigt2 ....................................................................... 83
1.:. ]chri Mhp`tho2 .................................................................................................... 83
1.:.8. Hutclr`zie Mhp`tho2.................................................................................... 83
1.:.1. @ssuie, ]uasmr`aie Hge Vh`e Yp Mhp`tho2 .................................................. 80
1.3. D`ghgm`ho Qisuots2 .............................................................................................. 80
1.0. Ahohgmi ]ciit2 ................................................................................................... 16
1.86. Xuho`ty @gsurhgmi2 ............................................................................................. 18
1.86.8. Mirt`d`mht`lg2 .............................................................................................. 181.86.1. Xuho`ty Hssurhgmi Eiphrtkigt2................................................................. 18
1.86.=. Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo Oha2 .................................................................................. 11
1.86.5. Xuho`ty Vlo`my2 ........................................................................................... 11
1.88. Oihe`gj dhmtlrs2 ................................................................................................ 1=
MCHVUIQ GL.= ]UQYMUYQI HGE EIVHQUKIGU] ..................................... 15
=.8. Lrjhg`zht`lgho Mchrt2 ........................................................................................ 19=.1. Vrleumt`lg, Vohgg`gj hge Mlgtrlo Eiphrtkigt2 ................................................ 14
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v`
=.1.8. Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo2 ......................................................................................... 14
=.1.1. Xuho`ty Hssurhgmi Eiphrtkigt2................................................................. 14
=.=. Kirmchge`s`gj Eiphrtkigt2.............................................................................. 1:
=.5. @geustr`ho Igj`giir`gj Eiphrtkigt2 .................................................................. 1:
=.5.8. ]thgehre Hoolwie K`gutis (]HK)2 ........................................................... 13
=.5.1. Kihsur`gj Idd`m`igmy2 ............................................................................... 10
=.5.=. Kihsur`gj Virdlrkhgmi2 ............................................................................ 10
=.9. Khrnit`gj Eiphrtkigt2 ..................................................................................... 10
=.9.8. Khrnit ]ijkigtht`lg2................................................................................ 10
=.9.1. Qisihrmc Vrlmiss2 ...................................................................................... 10
=.9.=. Vr`m`gj ]trhtijy2 ........................................................................................ =6
=.9.5. Mustlkir Qitigt`lg2 .................................................................................. =8
=.4. @.U Eiphrtkigt2 ................................................................................................. =8
=.:. Cukhg Qislurmis2 ............................................................................................ =1
=.:.8. Oiheirsc`p ]tyoi2 ....................................................................................... ==
=.3. D`ghgmi Eiphrtkigt2 ......................................................................................... ==
=.3.8. D`ghgm`ho Khghjikigt2 ............................................................................. ==
=.3.1. C`irhrmcy Mchrt ld D`ghgmi2 ...................................................................... =9
=.0. Hmmlugts Eiphrtkigt2 ...................................................................................... =4
=.86. Dlrwhre`gj Eiphrtkigt2 ................................................................................... =4
=.86.8. Dugmt`lgs ld Dlrwhre`gj2 .......................................................................... =:
=.86.1. Klei ld Urhgsplrtht`lg2 ............................................................................ =:
=.86.=. A`oo ld Ohe`gj2 ........................................................................................... =:
=.86.5. Mlkkirm`ho @gvl`mi2 ................................................................................. =3
MCHVUIQ GL.5 KP @GUIQG]C@V VQLJQHK ................................................ =0 5.8. @gtrleumt`lg ld tci Cihe Ldd`mi2 ....................................................................... 56
5.1. ]thrt`gj hge Ige`gj Ehtis2 ............................................................................... 56
5.=. Ghkis ld tci Eiphrtkigts hge Urh`g`gj Eurht`lg2 .......................................... 56
5.5. D`ghgmi /Hmmlugts Eiphrtkigt2 ........................................................................ 56
5.5.8. ]iquigmi ld Zlrn2 .................................................................................... 58
5.5.1. Ixmchgji Qhti2 .......................................................................................... 51
5.5.=. @gsurhgmi2 ................................................................................................... 5=5.5.5. Tlumcirs2 ................................................................................................... 5=
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v``
5.5.9. Ahgn Tlumcir/ Ahgn Hmmlugt Urhgsdir2 ................................................... 55
5.5.4. Vhykigt Tlumcir2 ..................................................................................... 55
5.5.:. Mrie`t Tlumcir2 ......................................................................................... 59
5.5.3. Jigirho Tlumcir2 ....................................................................................... 59
5.5.0. Mhsc Alln2 ................................................................................................ 54
5.5.86. Ahgn Alln2 ................................................................................................ 54
5.5.88. Alujct Ehy Alln2 ..................................................................................... 5:
5.5.81. ]hois Ehy Alln ......................................................................................... 53
5.5.8=. Ixpigsis Hmmlugt2 .................................................................................... 50
5.5.85. @gtirgho Hue`t Eiphrtkigt2 ........................................................................ 50
5.9. Ixplrt / Olmho Khrnit`gj Eiphrtkigt2 ............................................................. 98
5.9.8. Ixplrt Eiphrtkigt2 ................................................................................... 98
5.9.1. Ixplrt Vrlmiss2 .......................................................................................... 98
5.9.=. @kplrt Eiphrtkigt2 ................................................................................... 94
5.9.5. Olmho ]hois Eiphrtkigt2 ............................................................................ 94
5.4. Virslgho Mlkkigts halut Eiphrtkigts2 .......................................................... 9:
MCHVUIQ GL.9 VI]U HGE ]ZLU HGHOP]@] ................................................. 93
9.8. VI]U Hghoys`s2 ................................................................................................. 90
9.8.8. Vlo`t`mho Dhmtlrs2 ........................................................................................ 90
9.8.1. Imlglk`m Dhmtlrs2 ..................................................................................... 46
9.8.=. ]lm`ho Dhmtlrs2 ........................................................................................... 46
9.8.5. Uimcglolj`mho Dhmtlrs2 .............................................................................. 48
9.1. ]ZLU Hghoys`s2 ............................................................................................... 41
9.1.8. ]trigjtcs2 ................................................................................................... 41
9.1.1. Zihngissis2 ............................................................................................... 459.1.=. Lpplrtug`t`is2 ............................................................................................ 49
9.1.5. Ucrihts2 ...................................................................................................... 49
MCHVUIQ GL.4 MLGMOY]@LG HGE QIMLKKIGEHU@LG] ...................... 4:
4.8. Mlgmous`lg2 ....................................................................................................... 43
4.1. Qimlkkigeht`lgs2 ............................................................................................ 40
Qidirigmis ................................................................................................................... :8
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v```
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8
8. MCHVUIQ GL. 8
UISU@OI @GEY]UQP LD VHN@]UHG
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1
8.8. @gtrleumt`lg2
Hmmlre`gj tl Jlvirgkigt ld Vhn`sthg K`g`stry ld Uixt`oi @geustry (Kl@U, 1685) tci
tixt`oi simtlr `g Vhn`sthg chs hg lvirwciok`gj `kphmt lg tci imlglky, mlgtr`aut`gj9:% tl tci mlugtrys ixplrts. @g tlehys c`jcoy mlkpit`t`vi jolaho igv`rlgkigt, tci
tixt`oi simtlr giies tl upjrhei `ts suppoy mch`g, `kprlvi prleumt`v`ty, hge khx`k`zi
vhoui-hee`t`lg tl ai haoi tl surv`vi. Uci labimt`vis ld tci Uixt`oi @geustry E`v`s`lg
hri tl dlrkuohti strhtij`is hge prljrhk tl ighaoi tci tixt`oi simtlr tl kiit tcisi
mchooigjis hge htth`g jolaho mlkpit`t`vi.
Uci tixt`oi `geustry ld tci mlugtry why ahmn `g 809: lrjhg`zie `tsiod `gtl wcht
aimhki tci prik`ir tixt`oi `geustry hsslm`ht`lg ld tci mlugtry. 866% ld tci mlugtrystixt`oi ixplrts hge klri tchg 96% ld tci mlugtrys moltc`gj ixplrts ikhghti drlk
Kikair K`oos tcht mlgst`tuti tci Hoo Vhn`sthg Uixt`oi K`oos Hsslm`ht`lg (HVUKH).
Uci tixt`oi `geustry `s tci kh`gsthy ld lur imlglky. @t mlgtr`autis 3.9% tl JEV hge
ikpolys lvir 56% ld tci khgudhmtur`gj simtlr wlrndlrmi. Ais`eis, tci sp`gg`gj
`geustry ai`gj tci sloi mlgsukir ld mlttlg wlrtc $9 a`oo`lg, susth`gs tci ohrjist mhsc
mrlp ld tci Vhn`sthg.
8.1. Drii Khrnit Kimchg`sk2
Mlgsiquigt tl Vhn`sthgs hmmiss`lg tl tci Zlroe Urhei Hjriikigt, tci mlugtrys
trhei imlglky chs aiig `gtijrhtie w`tc jolaho trhei tcht lpirhtis lg tci pr`gm`poi ld
drii hge lpig `gtirght`lgho trhei. Uc`s `s phrt`muohroy trui ld Vhn`sthgs tixt`ois hge
moltc`gj simtlr, tcht whs `gtijrhtie `gtl tci upmlk`gj $366 a`oo`lg `gtirght`lgho
tixt`ois hge moltc`gj trhei. Uci `gtirght`lgho tixt`ois hge moltc`gj khrnit `s `gtigsioy
mlkpit`t`vi hge lpirhtis lg viry olw khrj`gs. Hgy simtlr lr sijkigt chs tl ai
mlkpit`t`vi iglujc tl surv`vi `g tci qulth-drii wlroe ld `gtirght`lgho trhei. Z`tc hg
iyi lg tci mchrhmtir`st`ms hge riqu`rikigts ld tci ZUL rij`ki hge tl ai haoi tl
mlkpiti tciri`g, tci sp`gg`gj `geustry khei $ =.9 a`oo`lg `gvistkigts s`gmi tci qulth-
rij`ki ld HUM whs elgi hwhy w`tc `g dhvlr ld lpig hge drii `gtirght`lgho trhei.
@t `s gltiwlrtcy tcht tci sp`gg`gj `geustry lpirhtis `g h drii mlkpit`t`vi igv`rlgkigt
ispim`hooy w`tc rijhres tl tci usi hge hvh`oha`o`ty ld rhw khtir`hos. @t prlmuris 88.9
k`oo`lg ahois elkist`mhooy hge = k`oo`lg ahois drlk tci `gtirght`lgho khrnit lg
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=
`gtirght`lgho tirks. @gtirght`lgho prlmurikigt aimhki gimisshry eui tl `gsudd`m`igt
mlttlg mrlp s`gmi ohst tig yihrs. @t `s tciridlri pirdimtoy oij`t`khti dlr `t tl ixpimt tci
oht`tuei tl khrnit hge sioo `ts prleumts `g tci `gtirght`lgho khrnit lg tci shki
pr`gm`pois. Chv`gj elgi sl kumc tl htth`g `gtirght`lgho mlkpit`t`vigiss, tci drii
khrnit kimchg`sk `s ht tci cihrt ld lur `gtirist hge pc`olslpcy.
Uci drii khrnit rij`ki ighaoie h s`jg`d`mhgt rislurmi trhgsdir tl tci dhrk simtlr lg
hmmlugt ld mlttlg shoi prlmiies ht `gtirght`lgho pr`mis. Hs h risuot hg hee`t`lgho Qs.
166 a`oo`lg chs aiig trhgsdirrie tl tci hjr`muoturho simtlr tc`s yihr. Uixt`oi ixplrts
chvi hosl `gmrihsie `g prlplrt`lg hge o`nioy tl kh`gth`g tci klkigtuk ay `gmrihs`gj
up tl $ 5 a`oo`lg tc`s yihr.
8.=. HVUKH T`s`lg2
@g niip`gj w`tc `ts rislouti eitirk`ght`lg tl riho`zi `ts v`s`lg, tci tixt`oi `geustry
pirdlrkie tl `kprlvi `ts pirdlrkhgmi tciriay ighao`gj `t tl ri-`gvist `ts ihrg`gjs `g
prleumt`vi hssits. Zi v`suho`zi hg ixplrt pltigt`ho ld $ 19 a`oo`lg ay 1685 w`tc hg
`gvistkigt ld $ 1 a`oo`lg pir hgguk risuot`gj `g mriht`lg ld bla lpplrtug`t`is dlr h
wlrn dlrmi ld lgi k`oo`lg hge hg `gmrihsi `g ixplrts ay $5 a`oo`lg (HVUKH, 1685)
8.5. Imlglk`m Uurghrluge2
Uciri `s h e`ri giie tl dhst-trhmn tci imlglky. H aij`gg`gj chs tl ai khei `gvlov`gj
ht t`kis ph`gduo hge e`dd`muot eim`s`lgs. Ighao`gj mlge`t`lgs wluoe chvi tl ai
prlv`eie dlr `gmrihs`gj prleumt`lg, ixplrts hge ikpolykigt lpplrtug`t`is. Uci
pr`khry pririqu`s`ti dlr hoo tcisi `s `gvistkigt. @gvistkigt `g `geustry `s urjigtoy
riqu`rie tl `kphrt `gcirigt strigjtc tl tci imlglky hge mlgdir lg `t tci ris`o`igmi tl
khghji sclmns hge `g tci olgj tirk muri tci imlglky ld `gdoht`lghry prlpigs`t`is hge
tci o`ni. Uciri `s hg `gvirsi rioht`lgsc`p aitwiig `geustr`ho `gvistkigt hge `gtirist
rhtis. C`jc `gtirist rhtis wc`oi niip`gj `gdoht`lg olw chvi howhys e`shaoie `gvistkigt
`g `geustry. Dlr hmc`iv`gj hg imlglk`m turghrluge h spim`ho o`gi ld mrie`t dlr `geustry
ht `gtirght`lghooy mlkpit`t`vi `gtirist rhtis `s `kpirht`vi.
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5
8.9. Qhw Khtir`hos2
Mlkpit`t`vi hvh`oha`o`ty ld quho`ty rhw khtir`hos, mlttlg hs wioo hs khg-khei d`airs `s
viry `kplrthgt dlr tci tixt`oi `geustry. Hmmoh`kie timcgloljy dlr prleumt`lg ldjigit`mhooy kle`d`ie, c`jc y`ioe`gj hge pist-ris`sthgt mlttlg scluoe ai helptie tl
kiit tci pirs`stigt sclrthji ld mlttlg hge tci jrlw`gj jhp aitwiig mlgsukpt`lg hge
prleumt`lg.
HVUKH `s duge`gj mlttlg risihrmc ay mlgtr`aut`gj Qs. 196 k`oo`lg hs risihrmc lg
mlttlg hge tc`s mlgtr`aut`lg `s ai`gj `gmrihsie ay 196%. Uciri `s giie dlr mlttlg
risihrmc khghjikigt tl ai ri-strumturie tl `gvlovi dhrkirs hge tci `geustry `g h
kihg`gjduo why.
Uci eiviolpkigt ld tci tixt`oi `geustry `s ristr`mtie ay tci olw usi ld Khg-Khei
D`airs `g tci d`air-k`x. Lur KKD hge mlttlg usi rht`l `s 16236 hs hjh`gst tci wlroe-
w`ei 46256 usi. Mlrrimt`lg ld lur d`air-k`x rht`l w`oo ar`gj halut quho`tht`vi
`kprlvikigt tl lur prleumt rhgji hs wioo hs arlheig tci rhgji `tsiod. Ulwhres tc`s
ige `t `s `kpirht`vi tcht
Hoo eut`is lg `kplrt ld KKD ai elgi hwhy w`tc hotljitcir.
@g-lpirht`lgho elkist`m mhphm`ty ai riv`vie w`tclut eiohy hge
Giw `gvistkigt igmlurhjie sl tcht KKD sclrthji `s lvirmlki.
8.4. C`jc @gtirist Qhti Qij`ki2
Hg `gtirght`lghooy mlkpit`t`vi `gtirist rhti rij`ki `s h kust dlr prisigt `gvistkigt tl
aihr dru`t hge dlr glt eitirr`gj giw `gvistkigt `gdolw. Uciri `s hg `gixtr`mhaoi o`gn,
hg `gvirsi rioht`lgsc`p aitwiig `gvistkigt hge `gtirist rhtis. @gvistkigt `g tci tixt`oi
`geustry `gmrihsie eur`gj tci pir`le tci `gtirist rhtis wiri olw hge eimrihsie w`tc
r`si `g `gtirist rhtis. Hosl, w`tc r`si `g `gtirist rhtis tciri mhki halut hg `gmrihsi ld
glg-pirdlrk`gj olhgs. Gijht`vi dhoolut ld c`jcir `gtirist rhtis whs tci wc`tto`gj elwg
ld ixplrts. @g sp`ti ld tci dhmt tcht tci tixt`oi `geustry `gsthooie s`zhaoi hee`t`lgho
mhphm`ty tl mrihti ixplrthaoi surpous, tixt`oi ixplrts i`tcir eimo`gie lr sthjghtie, altc
`g quhgt`ty tirks hs wioo hs vhoui-w`si. Ucus, olw `gtirist rhtis hri mlgeum`vi tl
`gvistkigt `gdolws. Uci `gtirght`lgho ahgn rhti privhoigt prisigtoy `s glt klri tchg
1%. @g tci m`rmuksthgmis lur `gtirist rhtis ld hrluge 89% hri glt v`haoi hge jlle
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iglujc dlr hgy `gvistkigt tl mlki halut. Ygeir tci Uixt`oi @gvistkigt ]upplrt Duge
(U@]D) h spim`ho `gtirist rhti mlkphrhaoi w`tc tci `gtirght`lgho `gtirist rhti wluoe
igmlurhji giw `gvistkigts. Qij`lgho mlkpit`tlrs, drlk 1669 lgwhres `geumie
`gvistkigt tl eiviolp s`zhaoi mhphm`ty hge hs h risuot tci tixt`oi ixplrts ld lur
pr`gm`pho mlkpit`tlr `gmrihsie drlk $ 81 a`oo`lg tl $ =6 a`oo`lg. Uci `gstrukigt usie
whs tci Uimcgloljy Yp-jrheht`lg Duge ]mciki (UYD]) tcht prlv`eie dlr h rik`ss`lg
ld `gtirist rhti up tl 96% dlr `gvistkigt. ]`k`ohr smcikis v`suho`zie ciri e`e glt
khtir`ho`zi aimhusi ld tci mchrhmtir`st`m jhp aitwiig plo`my hge `kpoikigtht`lg.
8.:. Khrnit Hmmiss2
Aittir khrnit hmmiss `s `kplrthgt dlr tci ixplrt lr`igtie tixt`oi `geustry. Uci k`ge-
sit ld lur wistirg trhe`gj phrtgirs chs tl ai mchgjie. Uciy v`iw khrnit hmmiss tl
Vhn`sthg hs h n`ge ld mchr`ty lr mlgmiss`lg ixtigeie ug`ohtirhooy hge jrhtu`tlusoy.
Ucisi mlugtr`is hri glt sigs`t`zie tl tci aureig tcht `geustry `g Vhn`sthg alri hge `s
aihr`gj `g tirks ld e`shrrhyie `gdrhstrumturi, strh`gie imlglky, e`solmht`lg ld glrkho
wlrn`gj mlge`t`lgs, olst ixplrts hge `rlg`mhooy ugmchr`thaoi trhvio hev`slr`is, lg
hmmlugt ld Vhn`sthg ugeirthn`gj tci whr lg tirrlr. Eiviolpie mlugtr`is scluoe sii
w`eig`gj ld khrnit hmmiss tl Vhn`sthg hs h rim`prlmho kihsuri dlr wcht chs horihey
aiig alrgi ay tci mlugtry hge `ts `geustry dlr h mhusi tcht `s eihr tl hoo r`jct-tc`gn`gj
cukhg`ty hge `s hs kumc `gtirght`lgho hs `t `s ght`lgho. @ tc`gn wi el glt hmmipt tcht
khrnit hmmiss tl Vhn`sthg hs h ug`ohtirho jisturi. Zi hsn dlr tci eui, tci mlgs`eirht`lg
dlr wc`mc chs horihey aiig khei.
8.3. Qidlrkie Jigirho ]hois Uhx2
@ el glt cloe hgy lp`g`lg hjh`gst tci oivy ld Qidlrkie Jigirho ]hois Uhx (QJ]U).
Qhtcir @ diio tcht tc`s oivy w`oo ar`gj lg alhre ltcir simtlrs tl schri tci risplgs`a`o`ty
ld mlgtr`aut`gj tl tci ixmciquir, c`tcirtl ai`gj alrgi ay `geustry. Ky mlgmirg `s w`tc
rispimt tl tci lvir Qs. 98: a`oo`lg ld tci tixt`oi `geustry duges tcht w`oo rikh`g stumn
hs glg- prleumt`vi hssit hwh`t`gj riduge hs 39% ld tci tixt`oi `geustrys prleumi `s
ixplrtie. @t `s lppriss`vi tcht dlr mlooimt`lg ld Qs.19 a`oo`lg thx lg elkist`m
mlgsukpt`lg, tci `geustry ai sheeoie w`tc h aureig ld Qs. 98: a`oo`lg (HVUKH,
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1685). Dlr tc`s rihslg tci zirl-rhti thx rij`ki dlr simtlrs drlk j`gg`gj tl jhrkigt`gj
scluoe ai mlgt`guie dlr Vhn`sthg` tixt`ois tl rikh`g mlkpit`t`vi `g tci `gtirght`lgho
khrnit. Vriv`lus `kpls`t`lg ld 89 pirmigt shois thx lg `geustry prlvie h dh`ouri hge
tci jlvirgkigt zirl rhtie tci ixplrt-lr`igtie `geustry hdtir riho`z`gj tcht riduges
wiri dhr `g ixmiss ld mlooimt`lg ld tci shois thx.
Ygprimieigtie `gmrihsi `g mlttlg pr`mis chs horihey `kphmtie tci tixt`oi `geustry.
Uciridlri, `t mhgglt susth`g hee`t`lgho o`qu`e`ty riqu`rikigt ld 89 pirmigt ugeir tci
QJ]U. Ahgns hri rioumthgt tl d`ghgmi tixt`oi `geustry tl prlmuri swioo`gj mlttlg
pr`mis hge tci ]AV rijuoht`lgs el glt hoolw d`ghgm`gj ld shois thx phrt.
Uciri wiri e`dd`muot`is `g lath`g`gj hebustkigts/riduges hjh`gst shois, hs tci sp`gg`gj
`geustry prlmuris mlttlg `g tcrii klgtcs hge mlgsukis `t eur`gj twiovi klgtcs tl
khgudhmturi hge sioo yhrg tl tci wihv`gj hge ng`tt`gj `geustry.
8.0. Vhn Mc`gh @gvistkigt @g`t`ht`vi2
Mc`ghs murrigt prljriss `g tixt`ois hge tci mlgt`gu`gj sc`dt ld `ts dlmus lg
elwgstrihk simtlrs j`vis hg lpplrtug`ty tl Vhn`sthg tl d`oo up tci hrih `g sp`gg`gj hge
wihv`gj ai`gj vhmhtie ay Mc`gh. Uc`s `s hg lpplrtug`ty tcht scluoe glt ai k`ssie.
]p`gg`gj hge wihv`gj `geustry ld Vhn`sthg kust thni aigid`t ld tci rhp`e imlglk`m
prljriss ld Mc`gh hge ighaoi sygirj`is ld lpirht`lg tl ai hmc`ivie.
Uciy hri mlkk`ttie tl tci prljriss hge prlspir`ty ld Vhn`sthg hge w`oo mlgt`gui tl
ixirt tciksiovis dlr khn`gj Vhn`sthg h v`arhgt hge siod-rio`hgt imlglky.
8.86. @kplrthgmi ld Uixt`oi @geustry2
Uci tixt`oi `geustry `s mlgs`eirie hs tci mhsc mlw dlr tci imlglky ld Vhn`sthg. Hs
kigt`lgie `g Vhn`sthg Uixt`oi Blurgho (168=). Uixt`oi hge moltc`gj ixplrts hri halut
46% ld tci tltho ixplrts drlk Vhn`sthg. Vhn`sthg `s tci 3tc ohrjist ixplrtir ld tixt`oi
prleumts `g Hs`h. Uc`s simtlr mlgtr`autis 3.9% tl tci JEV hge prlv`eis ikpolykigt
tl halut 89 k`oo`lg pilpoi `.i. =6% ld tci 50 k`oo`lg wlrndlrmi ld tci mlugtry.
Vhn`sthgs schri `s hrluge lgi pirmigt `g tci vlouki ld tltho wlroe tixt`oi trhei ld
halut Y]$83 tr`oo`lg pir hgguk. Vhn`sthg `s tci 5tc ohrjist prleumir ld mlttlg
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(~81kog ahois/yr), w`tc tci tc`re ohrjist sp`gg`gj mhphm`ty `g Hs`h hdtir Mc`gh hge
@ge`h.
Uci tixt`oi simtlr mlgtr`autis 9% tl tci jolaho sp`gg`gj mhphm`ty. ]`gmi tci dluge`gj
ld Vhn`sthg, tci eiviolpkigt ld tci Khgudhmtur`gj ]imtlr chs aiig j`vig tci c`jcist
pr`lr`ty w`tc khblr striss lg Hjrl-Ahsie @geustr`is. Dlr Vhn`sthg wc`mc whs lgi ld
tci oihe`gj prleumirs ld mlttlg `g tci wlroe, tci eiviolpkigt ld h Uixt`oi @geustry
khn`gj duoo usi ld `ts haugehgt rislurmis ld mlttlg chs aiig h pr`lr`ty hrih tlwhres
`geustr`ho`zht`lg. Ht prisigt, tciri hri 8,118 j`gg`gj ug`ts, 551 sp`gg`gj ug`ts, 815
ohrji sp`gg`gj ug`ts hge 519 skhoo ug`ts wc`mc prleumi tixt`oi prleumts riplrtie ay
(I]V, 1686).
Uci tixt`oi `geustry ld Vhn`sthg `s dhm`gj mr`s`s eui tl khgy mchooigjis. Ioimtr`m`ty
arihn elwgs, jhs olhe-sciee`gj, ugsht`sdhmtlry ohw hge lreir s`tuht`lg, tirrlr`sk,
thrjit n`oo`gj hge c`jc mlst ld prleumt`lg hri slki ld tci khblr prlaoiks ai`gj dhmie
ay tci tixt`oi hge ltcir `geustr`is. Hphrt drlk tc`s, oiss mlgmirg dlr quho`ty, `gidd`m`igt
hge lasloiti systik tl mhrry lg prleumt`lg hge ohmn ld mustlkir dlmus `s h jrhvi
riho`ty.
Dlri`jg `kplrtirs ld jhrkigts hge tixt`oi prleumts hri ugw`oo`gj tl v`s`t Nhrhmc`,
Ohclri hge Dh`shohahe tl `gspimt tci quho`ty ld tixt`oi prleumts lddirie dlr vige`gj.
@gstihe tciy sujjist Euah`, Mlolkal hge Echnh hs pohmis dlr sumc v`s`ts. @t `s hosl
riplrtie tcht sivirho khgudhmturirs hri mlgs`eir`gj sc`dt`gj ld tci`r prleumt`lg
dhm`o`t`is tl Ahgjoheisc, ]r`-Ohgnh hge ltcir mlugtr`is.
Z`tc o`k`tht`lgs tl hoo tcisi prlaoiks tci tixt`oi simtlr ld Vugbha st`oo j`vis :6% ld
tci riviguis jigirhtie ay tixt`oi simtlr ld tci mlugtry. Uci tixt`oi prleumts hri
mlgsukie wlroe lvir hge `ts quho`ty chs aiig h aurg`gj `ssui, sl, quho`ty `g`t`ht`vis
hri howhys giieie tl isthao`sc hge kh`gth`g tci aus`giss jigirhtie tcrlujc tixt`oi
hrluge tci jolai hs kigt`lgie lg tci wias`ti ld Dh`shohahe Mchkair ld Mlkkirmihge @geustry (DMM@).
@g tci Imlglk`m ]urviy ld Vhn`sthg (I]V, 1686) `t `s ripihtieoy ikpchs`zie tcht
aus`giss igv`rlgkigt ld Vhn`sthg `s aist ridoimtie `g tci ]KI ]imtlr. Uci aittir tc`s
simtlr pirdlrks tci c`jcir wluoe ai tci quho`ty ld jlles hge sirv`mis `g Vhn`sthg. Hs
tixt`oi ug`ts ld skhoo, kie`uk hge ohrji smhoi hri iquhooy `gmoueie `g tci plpuoht`lg
ld tc`s stuey tci prlplrt`lg ld ]KIs `s klri hs mlkphrie tl ohrji smhoi aus`gissis. @g
tci tixt`oi `geustry, prleumt quho`ty `s mhomuohtie `g tirks ld quho`ty hge sthgehre ld
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d`airs, yhrgs, dhar`m mlgstrumt`lg, mlolr dhstgiss, eis`jgs hge tci d`gho d`g`scie phmnie
prleumt.
Zcig `gvist`jht`gj tci typi hge `kphmt ld quho`ty tllos hge prhmt`mis hppo`ie tl
tixt`oi ug`ts hri ai`gj e`smussie tci`r mlkpls`t`lg mhgglt ai `jglrie. Uciri hri twl
dlrks ld tixt`oi khgudhmtur`gj sit ups `g Vhn`sthg ghkioy mlkpls`ti hge `ge`v`euho.
8.86.8. Mlkpls`ti Uixt`oi Yg`ts2
@g tci ihro`ist yihrs ld `geipigeigmi t`oo 8096s hge 46s sumc typi ld pohgts wiri
`gsthooie tl khni yhrg, wihvi rhw moltc lr d`g`scie moltc, eyi`gj hge st`tmc`gj hoo
elgi `g lgi pohgt situp hge olmht`lg. Uc`s whs elgi kh`goy tl lvirmlki tci prlaoiks
ld mhp`tho sclrthji hge ixpirt`si riqu`rie tl el ihmc wlrn `g `geipigeigt sitt`gjs.
8.86.1. @ge`v`euho Uixt`oi Yg`ts2
]llg hdtir tci jlvirgkigt prlv`eie `gmigt`vis hge niip`gj `g v`iw tci hvh`oha`o`ty ld
ohalr, mlkphrht`vi hevhgthji ld vhr`lus olmht`lgs, eiviolpkigt ld `gdrhstrumturi itm.,
`ge`v`euho tixt`oi ug`ts wiri dlrkie hge prlvie klri prld`thaoi hge idd`m`igt.
Glwhehys, sp`gg`gj pohgts, wihv`gj pohgts, ng`tt`gj pohgts, eyi`gj pohgts hge
st`tmc`gj ug`ts hri wlrn`gj `ge`v`euhooy w`tc vhry`gj mhphm`t`is.
8.88. Mlgtr`aut`lg tl Ixplrts2
Hmmlre`gj tl rimigt d`juris, tci Vhn`sthg tixt`oi `geustry mlgtr`autis klri tchg 46%
ld tci mlugtrys tltho ixplrts ohst yihr, Vhn`sthg ixplrtie hrluge $8= a`oo`lg wlrtc ld
tixt`oi prleumts, Uci `geustry mlgtr`autis hrluge 54% tl tci tltho lutput prleumie `g
tci mlugtry. @g Hs`h, Vhn`sthg `s tci 3tc ohrjist ixplrtir ld tixt`oi prleumts.
Hoo Vhn`sthg Uixt`oi K`oos Hsslm`ht`lg (HVUKH) Mch`rkhg Phs`g ]`ee`n sh`e tcht tci
mlugtrys (tixt`oi) ixplrts mhg c`t $89 a`oo`lg `g d`smho 168= -85
8.81. Mlgtr`aut`lg tl JEV hge Ikpolykigt2
Uixt`oi ai`gj ohrjist `geustr`ho simtlr jigirhtis tci mlugtrys c`jcist ix plrt ihrg`gjs
ld halut 99%> prlv`e`gj tci auon ld ikpolykigt (=0%), hge mlgtr`autis 3.9% tl
JEV.
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8.8=. D`g`sc`gj Olln hge Mlgtrlo Mlkplgigts2
Uci prleumts khgudhmturie olmhooy, wcig e`spohyie hjh`gst dlri`jg jlles -lddir h
pllr olln pr`khr`oy aimhusi ld tci ugs`jctoy d`g`sc`gj ld wioe`gj sihks,ioimtrlpoht`gj, ph`gt`gj hge ltcir surdhmi trihtkigts. @g hee`t`lg, tci helpt`lg ld
wrlgj eis`jg phrhkitirs, lr tci httikpt tl rieumi tci mlst ld prleumt`lg, oihe tl tci
`gmlrplrht`lg ld ugeir-s`zie ioimtr`mho kltlrs hge ioimtr`mho / ioimtrlg`m mlgtrlo
phgios.
8.85. Giie dlr Urh`g`gj @gst`tut`lgs2
E`polkh Oivio Mlursis lg tci phttirg ld Vhn-]w`ss Urh`g`gj Migtri `g Nhrhmc`
scluoe hosl ai lpigie `g tci Uixt`oi @gst`tut`lgs `g Dh`shohahe hge Nhrhmc` hge klri
sumc mlursis scluoe ai `gtrleumie `g tci Vloytimcg`ms `g hrihs o`ni Kuothg,
Cyeirhahe, Ohclri hge Jubrhgwhoh
8.89. Ixc`a`t`lgs2
Klst ld tcisi skhoo wlrnsclps hri scy lr hdrh`e ld jitt`gj rij`stirie lr e`spohy`gj
tci`r prleumts, kh`goy drlk tci dihr ld tci rivigui mlooimt`lg, ohalur mlgtrloo`gj hge
ltcir jlvirgkigt rijuoht`gj hjigm`is. Uc`s dihr niips tcik hwhy drlk tci
kh`gstrihk @geustry. Uc`s hosl oihes tl tci ohmn ld `gtirhmt`lg hklgj tci skhoo smhoi,
kie`uk smhoi hge c`jcir oivio `geustry dlr h purplsiduo vigelr eiviolpkigt.
Ght`lgho Ixc`a`t`lgs cioe hgguhooy mhg ai viry ciopduo `g ar`gj`gj lut tci sn`oos, tci
rhgji ld prleumts hge lpplrtug`t`is ld jrlup mloohalrht`lg. @t w`oo ciop tci pohggirshge ohrji smhoi igj`giir`gj `geustry `g eid`g`gj tci why dlr eiviolp`gj sn`oos `g lreir
tl khni tc`s simtlr strlgj hge v`haoi. Uci `gtirhmt`lg aitwiig tci dlri`jg tixt`oi
khgudhmtur`gj `geustr`is mluoe hosl ai igchgmie ay dhm`o`tht`gj tci `ge`jiglus Uixt`oi
Igj`giir`gj @geustry tl phrt`m`phti `g tci spim`ho`zie Ixc`a`t`lgs hge dh`rs ai`gj cioe
`g tclsi mlugtr`is
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8.84. Mlkpit`t`lg2
Vhn`sthg kust mlkpiti w`tc ltcir prleumirs s`k`ohr `g mlge`t`lgs hge mlkphrht`vi
hevhgthji. Uci Vhn`sthg` Uixt`oi `geustry's a`jjist mlkpit`tlrs hri Mc`gh, @ge`h,Ahgjoheisc, @gelgis`h hge Uurniy. Uci mlst ld plwir `g Vhn`sthg `s mlkphrht`vioy
c`jc.
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1. MCHVUIQ GL. 1
RHC@EBII UISU@OI K@OO] OUE
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1.8. @gtrleumt`lg2
Rhc`ebii Uixt`oi K`oos O`k`tie (tci Mlkphgy) `s `gmlrplrhtie `g Vhn`sthg lg Buoy 8:,
8006 hs h puao`m o`k`tie mlkphgy ugeir tci Mlkphg`is Lre`ghgmi, 8035. UciMlkphgy `s o`stie lg Nhrhmc` hge Ohclri stlmn ixmchgjis. Uci pr`gm`pho aus`giss ld
tci Mlkphgy `s ixplrt ld hoo n`ges ld vhoui heeie dhar`ms hge tixt`oi khei-ups. Uci
Mlkphgy `s hosl igjhjie `g tci aus`giss ld khgudhmtur`gj hge shoi ld yhrg. Uci
d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts hri prisigtie `g Vhn`sthg` Qupii, wc`mc `s tci Mlkphgy's
dugmt`lgho hge prisigtht`lg murrigmy.
RHC@EBII chs aiig tci ghki ld lgi ld tci klst `gglvht`vi tixt`oi prleumirs. Ulehy
RHC@EBII `s lgi ld tci oihe`gj prleumirs ld tixt`ois. Uci`r timcg`mho pirdimt`lg,quho`ty sthgehres hge `gglvht`vi `kphmt hri ug`qui. RHC@EBII chs aimlki lgi ld
tci oihe`gj sykalos ld quho`ty prleumts `g tci tixt`oi `geustry.
RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos O`k`tie che `gsthooie tci Ohtist Khmc`giry w`tc mhphm`ty tl
prleumis Vrik`uk quho`ty Dhar`m Vm Hge Mlttlg wc`mc c`jcoy rimlkkigeie dlr
ixplrt purplsis sthti ld tci hrt tixt`oi sp`gg`gj hri ahsie lg tci aist hvh`ohaoi
timcglolj`is `g Vhn`sthg hge `gtirght`lgho khrnit. Uci`r timcgloljy phrtgirs @s Qi`tir
wcl `s dhklus dlr prlv`e`gj tci C`jc quho`ty sp`gg`gj `gtijrhtie `gsthooht`lg systiks,
wc`mc ighaois tci prleumi c`jc prik`uk quho`ty Dhar`m dlr tci olmho hge tci
`gtirght`lgho khrnit. Uci`r Vohgts hri `g migtrhooy eust prlld igv`rlgkigt hge tciy
kh`gth`gie quho`ty sthgehre dlr wlrn`gj strigjtcs ld pilpoi.
Uci Mlkphgy's prlbimts ld sp`gg`gj hge wihv`gj ug`ts hri ugeir `kpoikigtht`lg. Uci
Alhre ld e`rimtlrs ld tci Mlkphgy chs rislovie tl `ssui r`jct schris F846% ht phr
(Qs. 86 pir schris) `.i. 84 lre`ghry schris dlr 86 lre`ghry schris tl d`ghgmi tci giw
prlbimts.
Vursuhgt tl smciki ld hrrhgjikigt hpprlvie ay tci Clglrhaoi Ohclri C`jc Mlurt,
Ohclri, hssits, o`ha`o`t`is hge risirvis ld RHC@EBII Dhar`ms O`k`tie wiri kirjie
w`tc tci hssits, o`ha`o`t`is hge risirvis ld RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos O`k`tie w`tc
iddimt drlk Buoy 68, 1664.
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1.1. Mlkphgy Vrld`oi2
1.1.8. K`ss`lg2
Ul hee vhoui tl schricloeirs hge tci imlglky ay igjhj`gj Vrld`thaoi `g Uixt`oiVrleumts.
1.1.1. T`s`lg2
Ul ai hge rikh`g quho`ty oiheir hge mlkpit`t`vi `g tci `gtirght`lgho khrnit.
1.1.=. Thouis2
Ul mlgeumt aus`giss hs h slm`hooy risplgs`aoi mlrplrhti m`t`zig.
1.1.5. @]L Mirt`d`ie2
Hg @]L 0668-1666 Mirt`d`ie Mlkphgy.
1.1.9. Alhre ld E`rimtlrs2
Kr. Kuchkkhe Rhc`e Mch`rkhg / Mc`id Iximut`vi
Kst. Cukh Rhc`e
Kst. Dhuz`h ]chchg`
Kst. ]ch`sth Ahoquiis
Kr. Kuchkkhe Hkbhe
Kr. Kuchkkhe Ghwhz
Kr. Kuchkkhe Bhksch`e
1.1.4. Ahgnirs ld tci Mlkphgy2
Hoo`ie Ahgn O`k`tie
Dhysho Ahgn O`k`tie
Ght`lgho Ahgn ld Vhn`sthg
Uci Ahgn ld Vugbha
Yg`tie Ahgn O`k`tie
1.1.:. Hue`t Mlkk`ttii2
Kst. Cukh Rhc`e (Mch`rkhg)
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Kst. ]ch`sth Ahoquiis
Kr. Kuchkkhe Hkbhe
1.1.3. Mlkphgy ]imrithry/ Mc`id D`ghgm`ho Ldd`mir2
Kr. ]chcha-Ye-E`g Nchg
1.1.0. Qij`stirie Ldd`mi2
16, A`oho Qlhe,M`v`o O`gis, Dh`shohahe
1.1.86. ]chri Qij`strhr2
Mlgsuot`gj Lgi (Vr`vhti) O`k`tie 5:3-E Vilpois Mlolgy Gl.8
Uio2 + 01-58-3958849/3958049
Dhx2 + 01-58-3951:49
1.1.88. Hue`tlrs2
Hvh`s Cyeir O`hquht Ghukhg Mchrtirie Hmmlugthgts Dh`shohahe
1.=. K`oos2
1.=.8. RHC@EBII ]p`gg`gj Yg`t-82
RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos Ote Yg`t-8 `s olmhtie ht =1 NK. ]ci`ncupurh Qlhe, E`str`mt
Dh`shohahe `g tci Vrlv`gmi ld Vugbha, Vhn`sthg. RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos O`k`tie
]p`gg`gj Yg`t-8 chs (984) sp`geois w`tc mhphm`ty ld prleum`gj aist quho`ty yhrg,
wc`mc c`jcoy rimlkkigeie dlr ixplrt purplsis. Uci sthti ld tci hrt tixt`ois
sp`gg`gj hri ahsie lg tci aist hvh`ohaoi timcgloljy `g tci `gtirght`lgho khrnit.
Uci`r timcgloljy phrtgir `s Qi`tir wcl `s dhklus dlr prlv`e`gj quho`ty sp`gg`gj
`gtijrhtie `gsthooht`lg systiks, wc`mc ighaoi tcik tl prleumi prik`uk quho`ty yhrg
dlr olmho hge `gtirght`lgho khrnit.
1.=.1. RHC@EBII ]p`gg`gj Yg`t-12
RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos Ote Yg`t-1 `s olmhtie ht =1 NK. ]ci`ncupurh Qlhe, E`str`mt
Dh`shohahe `g tci Vrlv`gmi ld Vugbha, Vhn`sthg. Kleirg`zht`lg iddlrts chvi arlujct
khblr mchgjis tl tci Vhn`sthg tixt`oi `geustry, sp`gg`gj `s mlri ld `t. RHC@EBII
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]p`gg`gj K`oos chvi sthti ld tci hrt sp`gg`gj dhm`o`t`is mlvir`gj mlkpoiti spciri ld
yhrg khgudhmtur`gj `gmoue`gj uotrhkleirg hutlkhtie sit up w`tc c`jc spiie r`gj
drhkis.
@g tci`r k`oos, lpig`gj ld mlttlg ahois t`oo phmn`gj ld yhrg hoo `s duooy hutlkhtie, ivig
tci`r quho`ty mlgtrlo `s risplgs`aoi tl khni suri ug`dlrk aoige ld d`air. Ul igsuri,
giw c`jc spiie hutlkhtie diie`gj iqu`pkigt, pirdlrks ht pihn idd`m`igmy hge d`air
prlpirt`is hri mlgs`stigt.
1.=.=. RHC@EBII Zihv`gj Yg`t2 RHC@EBII Zihv`gj `s olmhtie ht =1 NK. ]ht`hgh-Uhgeho`hg whoh Qlhe, E`str`mt
Dh`shohahe `g tci Vrlv`gmi ld Vugbha, Vhn`sthg. RHC@EBII chvi hg ixtigs`vi
wihv`gj sit up chv`gj vhr`ity ld khmc`gis. H tihk ld mlkpitigt, ixpir`igmi hge
sn`ooie prldiss`lghos `gmoue`gj tixt`oi hge kimchg`mho igj`giirs `g wihv`gj e`v`s`lg
wlrn tljitcir tl khni quho`ty prleumts dlr mustlkir. Uci mlkphgy chs dhm`o`ty tl
stlmn jriy dhar`m hge kh`gth`gs `gvigtlry ld 89 16 K`oo`lgs kitirs dhar`m dlr `ts
rijuohr mustlkirs `g altc skhooir tl w`eir w`etcs . Uci dhar`m `s priphrie ugeir
mlkpricigs`vi quho`ty mlgtrlo phrhkitirs ahsie lg Dlur Vl`gts @gspimt`lg systik.
@t lpirhtis r`jct drlk rhw khtir`hos `g put quho`ty oivio tl tci ige prleumt hmmlre`gj
tl tci riqu`rikigts ld tci`r wlrtcy mustlkirs. Uci pr`ki labimt`vis hri tl prlv`ei
quho`ty prleumts hge tl igsuri lg t`ki eio`vir`is.
1.=.5. RHC@EBII ]t`tmc`gj Yg`t2
RHC@EBII ]t`tmc`gj ug`t `s olmhtie ht 63 NK. 9 Vuo` Qlhe, Gihr @sik`o Khsbhe,
E`str`mt Dh`shohahe `g tci Vrlv`gmi ld Vugbha, Vhn`sthg. RHC@EBII lpirht`gj lgi ld
tci ohrjist mut hge siws dhm`o`ty `g tci `geustry riqu`ris pirdimt`lg ld sn`oos, supira
chges lg khghjikigt hge uotrh eie`mht`lg wc`mc mhg lgoy mlki w`tc h phss`lg dlrquho`ty hge t`kioy pirdlrkhgmi RHC@EBII eie`mhtie ug`ts dlr aiee`gj, qu`ot`gj,
murth`gs hge thaoi o`gig sht`sdy tci klst e`smirg`gj mustlkir eikhges dlr pirdimt`lg
hge pirdlrkhgmi. Uci ]t`tmc`gj ug`t `s sprihe lvir 966,666 squhri diit ld ohge
mlkpr`s`gj ld lvir 466 ]t`tmc`gj Khmc`gis, 15 Xu`ot`gj Khmc`gis, Khmc`gis tl
prleumi whee`gj dlr mlkdlrtir d`oos hge durtcirklri prlv`eis us w`tc tci mhpha`o`ty
ld mlgvirt`gj 8.9 k`oo`lg kitirs ld dhar`m `gtl h w`ei vhr`ity ld d`g`scie prleumts
iviry klgtc.
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1.5. Eiphrtkigts ld RHC@EBII2
Eiphrtkigt Dugmt`lg
Hmmlugts Eiphrtkigt Ul priphri klgtcoy, quhrtiroy hge hgguho hmmlugts,Mlst`gj, Auejit`gj & Dlrimhst`gj. Ul chgeoi phyhaoi
hge `gsurhgmi, O.Ms, @gvigtlry & ]tlris itm.
D`ghgmi Eiphrtkigt Hrrhgj`gj D`ghgmi hge gijlt`hti lvir mlht ld d`ghgmi, Ul
chgeoi shoi, rimi`vhaoi, eiatlr hj`gj, mhsc hge ahgn itm.
@gtirgho Hue`t Ul klg`tlr tci `kpoikigtht`lg ld `gtirgho prlmieuris,
plo`m`is, `gtirgho mlgtrlo systiks hge riplrt hgy
v`loht`lg. Eitimt`lg hge mlgtrlo ld d`ghgm`ho r`sn hgedrhues.
@gdlrkht`lg Uimcgloljy
Eiphrtkigt
Eiviolpkigt ld lrhmoi ahsi prljrhk, Gitwlrn`gj,
Chrewhri Kh`gtighgmi.
Hek`g`strht`lg
Eiphrtkigt
Eiho`gj sthnicloeirs `g jigirho `ssuis.
Cukhg Qislurmi C`r`gj giw khgplwir, sht`sdhmt`lg, Klt`vht`lg,
Hpprh`shos itm.
Vrleumt`lg Eiphrtkigt Ul ugeirthni prleumt`lg hmt`v`ty hge kh`gth`g eis`rie
prleumt`lg vlouki
Ioimtr`mho & @gstrukigt Kh`gth`g hge imlglk`is ioimtr`m`ty mlgsukpt`lg,
@gsthooht`lg hge kh`gtighgmi ld Ioimtr`mho & Ioimtrlg`ms
@gstrukigts
Kimchg`mho Eiphrtkigt @gsthooht`lg hge kh`gtighgmi ld pohgt hge khmc`giry.
Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo Kh`gth`g quho`ty hge eiho`gj w`tc mlkpoh`gts
Khrnit`gj & ]hoi Ul `gmrihsi ix`st`gj eikhge, tl wlrn hs hg
lrjhg`zht`lgs `gtioo`jigmi `g tci ohrji lutir
igv`rlgkigt, mustlkir sht`sdhmt`lg, hevirt`sikigt,
sklltc e`sphtmc, rht`lg`gj ld prleumts `g mhsi ld ixmiss
eikhge
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1.9. Khmc`giry2
].Gl Khmc`giry Eismr`pt`lg KHNI LQ@J@G KLEIO
68 Mlkpoiti aolw rllk Hutl
poumnir
Mc`gh 1666
61 Mlkpoiti mhres Q`itir Jirkhgy 1669
6= Erhw`gj c`jc spiie arihnir (]A-
E89)
Q`itir Jirkhgy 1669
65 Erhw`gj c`jc spiie d`g`scir
(Q]A-E=9)
Q`itir Jirkhgy 1669
69 ]`kpoix (Doy drhki) UBDH 593 Mc`gh 1669
64 Mlkairs w`tc Yg`ohp I:/9 Q`itir Jirkhgy 1669
6: Q`gj ]p`gg`gj Drhki
D8916(B`gjwi`)
Q`itir Mc`gh 1669
63 Q`gj ]p`gg`gj Drhki IBK-
843(]chgjh` )
Q`itir Mc`gh 1669
60 Hutl mlgi Kurhth prlmiss Mlgir
stiio eruk sp`geoi (46) M-
18(Kurhth)
18-m
Kurhth
Bhphg 1669
86 Mlkprisslr ]hgml Mlkphri
88 Mlkprisslr Kib` Mlkphri
81 Mlkprisslr Alji-8 Mlkphri
8= Mlkpoiti H`r Mlge`t`lg`gj Chb`
Ahsc`r
Mlkp Vhn`sthg 1664
85 Ystir YU5-]i (]ik` Hutlkht`m)
Ystir Hutlslrtir YH]-5
K`mrljrhpc Kleio :=6
K`mrlgh`ri Kleio ::9
]tiolkitir kleio :95
]w`ss 1669
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1.4. Vrlpirty, Vohgt Hge Iqu`pkigt2
Yg-hue`tie Hue`tie
Eimikair =8, Bugi =6,
168= 168=
Qupiis Qupiis
Lpirht`gj hssits 8,358,:15,:53 8,36=,5:0,390
Mhp`tho wlrn `g prljriss ==5,0=9,3:: 810,:41,933
Hevhgmi hjh`gst purmchsi ld 2
Ohge :,=03,666 81,666,666
Vohgt hge khmc`giry 50,98=,80= \\\\\\\\\\\\
1,1==,9:8,383 8,059,151,55:
1.:. ]chri Mhp`tho2
1.:.8. Hutclr`zie Mhp`tho2
Hue`tie Yg-hue`tie Yg-hue`tie Hue`tie
Bugi =6, Eimikair =8, Eimikair =8, Bugi =6,
168= 168= 168= 168=
Gukair ld ]chris Qupiis Qupiis46,666,666 8=9,666,666 F Qs. 86/- ihmc 8,=96,666,666 466,666,666
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1.:.1. @ssuie, ]uasmr`aie Hge Vh`e Yp Mhp`tho2
Hue`tie Yg-hue`tie Yg-hue`tie Hue`tie
Bugi =6, Eimikair =8, Eimikair =8, Bugi =6,168= 168= 168= 168=
Gukair ld ]chris Qupiis Qupiis
88,660,=66 88,660,=66 F Qs. 86/- ihmc 886,60=,666 886,60=,666
1=,658,465 1=,658,465 F Qs. 86/- ihmc 1=6,584,656 1=6,584,656
4,386,836 F Qs. 86/- ihmc 43,868,366
4,386,836 3,8:1,184 F Qs. 86/- ihmc 38,:11,846 43,868,366
56,348,6385 50,6==,=66 506,===,666 563,486,356
1.3. D`ghgm`ho Qisuots2
Uci sho`igt dihturis ld tci mlkphgys d`ghgm`ho pirdlrkhgmi hri j`vig
Chod yihr igeie Eimikair =8,
168= 1681Qupiis Qupiis
]hois =,639,343,=03 8,04:,:4:,4=:
Jrlss Vrld`t 58:,=:3,=0= 101,46=,:54
Vrithx prld`t 154,0=5,:94 8:3,433,883
Hdtir thx prld`t 8:6,640,543 816,09=,=::
Ihrg`gjs pir schri - Ahs`m hge e`outie =.5: 1.04
Uciri `s s`jg`d`mhgt c`ni `g git prld`t dlr tci chod yihr mlkphrie tl mlrrisplge`gj
pir`le. Uc`s `s kh`goy eui tl `gmrihsi `g shois vlouki hge str`mt klg`tlr`gj ld
lpirht`gj ixpigsis. Uci shois vlouki `gmrihsie eui tl spoige`e khrnit strhtijy
mlupoie w`tc c`jc quho`ty sthgehres ld prleumt`lg.
Vrld`t aidlri thx `s Qs. 154,0=5,:94/- hs mlkphrie tci prld`t ld Qs. 8:3,433,883/- ld
tci mlrrisplge`gj pir`le ld ohst yihr.
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1.0. Ahohgmi ]ciit2
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1.86. Xuho`ty @gsurhgmi2
1.86.8. Mirt`d`mht`lg2
Jolaho`zht`lg chs oihe tl khss hwhrigiss ld ]lm`ho Hmmlugtha`o`ty ht hoo oivios. Uciriputht`lg ld Mlrplrhti hge Jlvirgkigt ale`is hri ldtig hevirsioy hddimtie eui tl
`gheiquhti wlrn-pohmi mlge`t`lgs. Hmmlugtha`o`ty hge mlkpo`hgmi tl oijho glrks hri
wlroe-w`ei mlgmirgs, hge RHC@EBII K`oos igsuri mlkpo`hgmi w`tc `gtirght`lgho
sthgehres hge Ohalr Ohws.
Lur niy ]lm`ho Mlkpo`hgmi Hspimts hri2
@]L 0661 Mirt`d`ie
Lnl-Uix ]thgehre 866
A]M@ (Aus`giss ]lm`ho Mlkpo`hgmi @g`t`ht`vi)
Mc`oe Ohalr
Cihotc hge ]hdity
Mlkpigsht`lg
Zlrn`gj Clurs
E`smr`k`ght`lg
E`sm`po`ghry Vrhmt`mis
Driielk ld Hsslm`ht`lg
Igv`rlgkigtho Mlge`t`lgs
Khghjikigt ]ystiks
1.86.1. Xuho`ty Hssurhgmi Eiphrtkigt2
Uci XH pchsi (D`gho @gspimt`lgs) `s wcht siphrhtis tcik drlk tci`r mlkpit`tlrs hge
wcht niips mustlkir sht`sdhmt`lg. RHC@EBII XHs igsuri tcht h prleumt ai`gj
eiviolpie `s kiit`gj spim`d`ie riqu`rikigts. RHC@EBII systik `s sh`e tl `gmrihsimlkphgys mrie`a`o`ty hge `kprlvi wlrn prlmissis hge idd`m`igmy w`tc suprikhmy ld
mustlkir hjriie sthgehres.
D`gho @gspimt`lg2
Uci pri-sc`pkigt d`gho `gspimt`lg thnis pohmi wcig tci kirmchge`si `s
mlkpoitie, phmnie, hge rihey dlr sc`pkigt. Gltc`gj jlis/sc`ppie Z/L
`gspimt`lg. @gspimt`lg `s elgi w`tc v`iw tl igsuri tcht tci mlgtrhmt
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spim`d`mht`lgs hri kit. ]ivig isthao`scie prlmieurho stips juhrhgtii tci
hmmurhmy ld `gspimt`lg.
Dhar`m @gspimt`lg2
Qhgelk Dhar`m `gspimt`lgs ahsie lg 5-pl`gt systik. Mlolr mle`gj dlr ihsy
ugeirsthge`gj hge `eigt`d`mht`lg lg dhar`m rloos. Iviry ]c`pkigt `s rioihsie
hdtir `ssuhgmi ld systik jigirhtie XH mlgth`gir mirt`d`mhti.
Hmmisslr`is @gspimt`lg2
Uciy chvi ug`qui hmmisslr`is quho`ty systik. Lgoy quho`ty mlgdlrkie
hmmisslry `tiks jit tl stlris hge prleumt`lg ug`ts. Glg-mlgdlrk`gj `tiks hri
hutlkht`mhooy sigt lut ld dhmtlry.
1.86.=. Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo Oha2
Hoo e`v`s`lgs w`tc`g RHC@EBII Jrlup hri iqu`ppie w`tc kleirg hge c`jcoy-
slpc`st`mhtie Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo Ohas wc`mc igsuris tci quho`ty hge rio`ha`o`ty ld iviry
prleumt. Ohtist prim`s`lg tist`gj `gstrukigts hge kleirg iqu`pkigt hssuris tcht
spim`d`m mustlkir sthgehres hri kit.
Uci c`jcoy-quho`d`ie hge ixpir`igmie Xuho`ty Hssurhgmi Igj`giirs hge sthdd hri
str`mtoy klg`tlrie hge hri rijuohroy trh`gie tl igsuri tcht tciy hri haoi tl mlpi w`tc
ivir- `gmrihs`gj quho`ty sthgehres hge mchgj`gj mustlkirs eikhges. Drlk tci
hmqu`s`t`lg ld rhw mlttlg tl prleumt`lg ld yhrg, tl jriy moltc, tl d`g`sc`gj, tl d`gho
prleumt ihmc hge iviry stip `s str`gjigtoy tistie hge vir`d`ie ay tci Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo
Oha tl igsuri prleumt quho`ty ht iviry sthji.
Uci Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo Ohas hge tci sthdd hri hosl mirt`d`ie hge hmmrie`tie tcrlujc
vhr`lus ght`lgho hge `gtirght`lgho `gst`tutis, lrjhg`zht`lg hge XH ale`is.
1.86.5. Xuho`ty Vlo`my2
Xuho`ty `s lgi ld lur klst `kplrthgt `gjrie`igt risplgs`aoi dlr tci `gmrie`aoi jrlwtc
ld RHC@EBII Jrlup lvir tci phst khgy yihrs. H tihk ld c`jcoy sn`ooie, prldiss`lgho
hge quho`d`ie XH igj`giirs mlgtr`autis idd`m`igtoy tlwhres hmc`iv`gj tci supir`lr-
quho`ty ld prleumts tcht RHC@EBII Jrlup `s nglwg dlr. Uciy chvi h trhmn rimlre ld
glt lgoy hmc`iv`gj aut ixmiie`gj tci`r mo`igts ixpimtht`lgs tcrlujclut tci wlroe
drlk kuot`ght`lgho auy`gj clusis tl ohrji mch`gs ld supirstlris.
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Uci`r Xuho`ty Vlo`my sthtis tcht tciy2
Mlgsthgtoy str`vi tl `kprlvi lur `gtirght`lghooy rimljg`zie quho`ty hssurhgmi
systik.
Vir`le`mhooy riv`iw hge hmmlre`gjoy upjrhei lur timcgloljy, systiks,
prlmieuris hge khmc`giry tl kiit tci ivir mchgj`gj eikhges ld quho`ty hge
mlst.
Igsuri tci rio`ha`o`ty, eurha`o`ty hge quho`ty ld ihmc hge iviry prleumt tcht `s
prleumie ay RHC@EBII Jrlup dlr ihmc hge iviry mo`igt.
]tr`mtoy klg`tlr, riv`iw hge ivhouhti tci pirdlrkhgmi ld lur suppoy mch`g.
1.88. Oihe`gj dhmtlrs2
Zioo trh`gie shois sthdd
C`jcoy sn`ooie mlkputir eis`jgirs
Ohtist ohaio wihv`gj, sldt whris
Ohtist khmc`giry dlr e`i mut & ahejis
Klri tchg 56 c`jc spiie wlvig ohaio khmc`gis
@g clusi eyi`gj dhm`o`ty
Ulp quho`ty rhw khtir`ho
]n`ooie hge idd`m`igt sthdd
]tr`mt @]L 06682 1666 khghjikigt hge quho`ty mlgtrlo systik
Hge h olt ld ltcir hspimts hss`st tcik tl kh`gth`g tci`r jllew`oo `g
olmho hge @gtirght`lgho khrnit.
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=. MCHVUIQ GL =
]UQYMUYQI HGE EIVHQUKIGU]
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=.8. Lrjhg`zht`lgho Mchrt2
MIL
E`rimtlr
Khghjir
Vurmchsi
@kplrtKhghjir
OlmhoVurmchsiKhghjir
KhghjirD`ghgmi Khrnit`gjKhghjir
IxplrtKhghjir
KhghjirHmmlugts
E`rimtlr
KhghjirVrlmiss`gj
KhghjirVr`gt`gj
KhghjirEyi`gj
Mc`idIgj`giir
Kimchg`mhoIgj`giir
Ioimtr`mhoIgj`giir
Xuho`tyHssurhgmiKhghjir
Xuho`tyMllre`ghtlr
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=.1. Vrleumt`lg, Vohgg`gj hge Mlgtrlo Eiphrtkigt2
Hs tci ghki ld eiphrtkigt sclws tcht tcisi pilpoi hri risplgs`aoi dlr khghjikigt
ld prleumt`lg. Uc`s eiphrtkigt, hdtir kirmchge`sir jit hpprlvho dlr auon prleumt`lg,sthrts pohgg`gj tci prleumt`lg. Uci VVM eiphrtkigt pohgs ivirytc`gj hmmlre`gj tl tci
Uimn-Vhmn. Uci pohgg`gj `gmoueis tcht `g clw kumc t`ki pir`le wi chvi tl sc`p tci
prleumt`lg. Uci pohgg`gj `gmoueis
Hmmisslr`is Vohgg`gj
Ciri tciy pohg halut tci auttlgs tcrihe hge sumc n`ge ld `ge`rimt
khtir`ho dlr tci prleumt`lg.
Dhar`m Vohgg`gj
Ciri tciy pohg halut tci dhar`m quhgt`ty, quho`ty hge oihe t`ki `g
wc`mc tciy scluoe chvi dhar`m tl khni jhrkigts.
Ygeir altc hmmisslr`is hge dhar`m pohgg`gj tciy mclsi tclsi suppo`irs wcl prlv`ei
tcik quho`ty prleumts ht r`jct t`ki ht olwir mlsts.
Uciy pohg tcht clw kumc wlrnirs, khmc`gis hge t`ki `s riqu`rie tl prleumi mirth`g
prleumt`lg.
=.1.8. Xuho`ty Mlgtrlo2
Uc`s `s tci eiphrtkigt wc`mc mhg ai sh`e hs hg hjigt drlk RHC@EBII OUE s`ei
wc`mc mcimns tci riqu`rie phrhkitirs hge rimlkkiges slout`lg ht ihmc oivio ld
prlmiss. @t chs twl simt`lgs>
Jriy ]imt`lg
Zc`mc mcimns tci dhar`m dlr dhuots,
O`gi ]imt`lg
Uc`s simt`lg mcimns tci d`g`scie hge eyie dhar`m dlr dhuots hmmlre`gj tl
riqu`rikigts.
=.1.1. Xuho`ty Hssurhgmi Eiphrtkigt2
Uc`s eiphrtkigt `s hosl risplgs`aoi dlr khn`gj tci prleumts quho`ty lr`igtie. Uc`s
eiphrtkigt hue`ts tci dhar`m hmmlre`gj tl k`o`thry sthgehres. Lg mlkpoit`gj tci hue`t
tc`s eiphrtkigt `ssuie e`ddirigt typi ld so`ps tl tci mlgmirg ug`t. Ucisi so`ps `gmouei
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Jriig ]o`p
Uc`s so`p `s `ssuie wcig tci phmn`gj hge d`g`sc`gj `s hmmlre`gj tl
riqu`rikigts.
Pioolw ]o`p
Uc`s so`p `s `ssuie wcig tciri `s hgy e`smriphgmy `g tci phmn`gj
riqu`rikigts.
V`gn ]o`p
Uc`s so`p `s `ssuie wcig tciri `s hgy e`smriphgmy `g tci d`g`sc`gj
riqu`rikigts.
Uc`s `ssuhgmi ld so`p elis glt chvi hgy iddimt lg tci hpprh`sho ld tci mlgmirg
eiphrtkigt aut tcisi so`ps surioy hddimt tci rispimt ld mlgmirg eiphrtkigt. ]lkit`kis
`d tciri `s a`j e`ddirigmi `g tci prleumt hge riqu`rikigts tcig pighoty khy ai `kplsie
lg tci mlgmirg prleumt`lg ug`t.
=.=. Kirmchge`s`gj Eiphrtkigt2
RHC@EBII kirmchge`s`gj eiphrtkigt `s viry hmt`vi. @t pirdlrks khrnit`gj
dugmt`lgs. Hs RHC@EBII `s h khrnit`gj lr`igtie mlkphgy sl tc`s eiphrtkigt chs tl
pohy h v`tho rloi `g mlkphgy. Ahs`m labimt`vi ld kirmchge`s`gj eiphrtkigt `s tl thni
lreirs drlk ix`st`gj mustlkirs hge tl httrhmt giw mustlkirs. @t olmhtis tci giw
mustlkir ay ixc`a`t`lgs hge ay prlv`e`gj shkpois tl tci pltigt`ho mustlkirs. @t `s
klst `kplrthgt risplgs`a`o`ty `s tl sht`sdy mustlkirs ay prlv`e`gj quho`ty prleumts
hge t`kioy eio`viry.
=.5. @geustr`ho Igj`giir`gj Eiphrtkigt2
Arhgmc ld igj`giir`gj tl `gmrihsi prleumt`v`ty ay us`gj hoo rislurmis `.i. cukhg,
mhp`tho, ohge hge igtriprigiursc`p
@.I aio`ivis `g tcht tciri scluoe ai pohmi dlr ivirytc`gj hge ivirytc`gj `g pohmi.
@.I chs tcrii e`v`s`lgs.
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@geustr`ho igj`giir`gj timcg`quis hri hppo`mhaoi ivirywciri, sthrt`gj drlk h skhoo
Ldd`mi, clki, trh`g`gj pohmis, skhoo `geustry tl h ohrji `geustry.
@t ciops `g2
8.
Aittir ohylut pohgg`gj.1. Eis`jg`gj wlrn h`es.
=. Qi strumtur`gj hg lrjhg`zht`lg/ Qi igj`giir`gj
5. Kitcles `kprlvikigt.
9. Urh`g`gj `g aittir kitcles
4. ]itt`gj ]HKs dlr tci aittir kitcles
:. Vrlaoik slov`gj us`gj stue`is ay sm`igt`d`m kitcles
Hevhgthjis2
8. Khghj`gj ixtrh wlrn `g tci shki hvh`ohaoi sphmi.
1. Thmht`gj ixtrh prik`sis jlt lg rigt.
=. @gmrihsie lutput w`tc tci shki khgplwir hge khmc`gis.
5. @gmrihsie quho`ty eui tl aittir khghj`gj/kitcles
9. Qieumie tcrlujcput /mymoi t`ki, us`gj rid`gie ohyluts.
@.I pirdlrks dloolw`gj dugmt`lgs2
=.5.8. ]thgehre Hoolwie K`gutis (]HK)2
Uc`s `s tci t`ki wc`mc `s riqu`rie tl pirdlrk spim`d`mht`lg. Uc`s `s hg
`kplrthgt thsn aimhusi `t tioos tcht `g clw kumc t`ki prleumt`lg w`oo ai
prleumie.
]HK `s mhomuohtie hs dloolw
]HK ; (Hvj. s`gjoi t`ki * Qht`gj)/Ahs`m U`ki + (Virslg hge Khmc`gi Eiohy)
+Augeoi Chgeo`gj U`ki (ACU)
@GEY]UQ@HOIGJ@GIIQ@GJ
KHMC@GI]CLV
UQH@G@GJMIGUIQ
VQLMI]]@KVQLTIKIGU]
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=.5.1. Kihsur`gj Idd`m`igmy2 Idd`m`igmy ld wlrnirs `s kihsurie hs dloolws2
((Lutput * ]HK) / ]c`dts K`gutis * Gl. ld Khmc`gis) * 866
=.5.=. Kihsur`gj Virdlrkhgmi2 Virdlrkhgmi ld wlrnir `s mhomuohtie hs dloolws2
((Lutput * ]HK) / (Molmn U`ki * Gl ld Khmc`gis))*866
=.9. Khrnit`gj Eiphrtkigt2
Khrnit`gj eiphrtkigt ld RHC@EBII Ote `s `gvlovie `g dloolw`gj hmt`v`t`is hge
prlmieuris.
=.9.8. Khrnit ]ijkigtht`lg2
Hs ivirylgi nglws tcht w`tc tci ciop ld `gdlrkht`lg timcgloljy wcloi wlroe
aimlkis h khrnit. Aut tci giies & whgts ld tci pilpoi ld e`ddirigt mlugtr`is hri
e`ddirigt. Uciy chvi e`ddirigt muoturis, aio`ids, vhouis wc`mc e`rimtoy hddimt tci`r giies
& whgts. @t `s glt plss`aoi tcht h prleumt priphrie dlr tci Vhn`sthg w`oo ai su`tie dlr
tci pilpoi ld Y.N & Mhgheh itm.
Ul mlvir tci giies & whgts ld `ts mustlkirs sht`sd`ie, RHC@EBII o`k`tie chs e`v`eie
tci khrnit `gtl e`ddirigt sijkigts. Ihmc sijkigt `s hss`jgie tl e`ddirigt khghjirs
tciy hri wlrn`gj tclrlujcoy lg h mustlkir ahs`s. Uciri hri tltho 3 ixplrt khghjirs ht
RHC@EBII. ]lki khghjirs v`s`t tci`r hss`jgie khrnit sijkigt hge mcimn tci giies
& whgts ld tci`r mustlkirs dloolwie ay tci`r muoturi, vhouie & aio`id.
=.9.1. Qisihrmc Vrlmiss2
Uci khrnit`gj eiphrtkigt ld tci RHC@EBII OUE usis slurmis dlr sihrmc`gj tci
mustlkirs drlk tci`r hss`jgie khrnit sijkigts. Iviry plss`aoi slurmi `s aist ut`o`zie
tl sihrmc tci mustlkir, `ts prld`oi, giies & whgts. H o`ttoi eith`o halut tci prlmiss `s
hs ugeir.
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=.9.1.8. Vr` khry ]lurmis2
@g hoo lvir tci wlroe wcirivir slki tixt`oi ixc`a`t`lgs/dh`rs hri ai`gj mlgvigie, klst
ld tci t`ki slki RHC@EBII OUEs riprisigtht`vis hrrhgji tci`r lutoit tl e`spohy
tci`r prleumts. Uci mustlkir v`s`ts tci lutoit hge sioimts tci mlkphgy prleumts. Uci`r
eikhges hri gltie `d hgytc`gj `s spim`ho ay tci mustlkir. @t `gmoueis tci pcys`mho phrt
ld tci mustlkir hge siooir rioht`lgsc`p. Durtcirklri tci mlkphgy hosl `gv`tis `ts
mustlkirs tl chvi h surviy ld Dhmtlry hs tci prleumt`lg `s `g prlmiss.
=.9.1.1. ]imlgehr y ]lur mis2
Uci `gtirgit dhm`o`ty `s j`vig tl tci khrnit`gj eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy tl jhtcir
`gdlrkht`lg halut tci auyirs ld ohaio prleumts. Uciy usi e`ddirigt sihrmc igj`gis o`ni
Jlljoi, Phcll, Cltkh`o, ixm`ti itm. Uci mlkphgy chs aiig suasmr`aie w`tc h diw
d`rks prlv`e`gj tci eith`o ld auyirs & siooirs ld prleumt drlk hoo lvir tci wlroe. Uciy
chvi aiig j`vig hg hgguho suasmr`pt`lg dii dlr tci`r sirv`mis. Lgo`gi e`rimtlr`is ld
e`ddirigt hsslm`ht`lgs & Jlvt `gst`tut`lgs hri usie tl sihrmc tci auyirs.
Urhei auooit`gs, E`rimtlr`is, blurghos, Aus`giss Khjhz`gis &giwsoittirs hri stue`ie tl
nglw halut tci auyirs eikhge, muoturi, vhouis & aio`ids ld tci pilpois ld e`ddirigt
mlugtr`is.
Hoo Vhn`sthg Uixt`oi Vrlmiss`gj K`oos Hsslm`ht`lg (HVUKH), Hoo Vhn`sthg Aie sciit
Yppir Cloi Khgudhmtur`gj Hsslm`ht`lg (HVAYKH), Vhn`sthg Uixt`oi Ixplrtir
Hsslm`ht`lg (VUIH) hge Dh`shohahe Mchkair ld mlkkirmi hge `geustry (DMM@) hri
slki ld tci pohtdlrks wc`mc hri hosl prlklt`gj trhei hge hri ciopduo `g tci
mlrrisplgeigmi aitwiig tci siooir hge auyir. Hs RHC@EBII `s hoklst rij`stirie w`tc
hoo ld tcisi `gst`tutis sl RHC@EBII OUE hosl chs hg hevirt`s`gj supplrt drlk tcisi
`gst`tutis.
=.9.=. Vr`m`gj ]trhtijy2
Uci mlkphgy usis e`ddirigt pr`m`gj strhtijy vhry`gj mustlkir tl mustlkir lg tci
ahs`s ld sijkigts. @d tci mlkphgy `s prleum`gj hgy prleumt lg h mlgtrhmt ahs`s, tcig
mlkphgy usis tci mlst pous pr`m`gj strhtijy.
Ul httrhmt tci giw auyir ld ltcir mlugtry tci khrnit pigitrht`lg plo`my `s usie. Eui
tl tci c`jc mlst ld ut`o`t`is hge plo`t`mho `gstha`o`t`is tci mlugtry `s `g mr`sis. @t's
aimlki chre tl kiit tci mustlkir riqu`rikigts `g olwist pr`mi, `g sp`ti ld tc`s, slki
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t`ki tl rith`g tci loe mustlkir lr tl clglr tci mlkk`tkigt tci aimlki aluge tl usi
tc`s strhtijy.
E`smlugts, hoolwhgmis & riahtis hri j`vig tl poihsi tci mustlkir wcig tci eihos hri
mlgmoueie lg c`jc rhtis aut ohtir pr`mis dhoo elwg. @g sclrt tci mlkphgy howhys tr`is
`ts aist tl helpt tci strhtijy wc`mc mluoe w`g tci mustlkir vhoui/sht`sdhmt`lg.
=.9.5. Mustlkir Qitigt`lg2
Uci d`rk rith`gs `ts mustlkirs `g h aittir khggir hs `t chs h pr`lr`ty tl phkpir tci
murrigt mustlkirs `gstihe ld rugg`gj dlr tci giw lgis. Eui tl tc`s hmt tci d`rk chs
hmqu`rie h gukair ld olyho mustlkirs, wc`mc hri hdd`o`htie w`tc RHC@EBII OUE dlr
h olgj t`ki. Uc`s hosl rieumis tci mlst ld risihrmc dlr tci d`rk hs tciy elgt chvi tl
wlrry halut d`ge`gj giw mustlkirs hs tci prisigt lgis hri iglujc dlr mlkphgy.
Durtcirklri, `t `s h aus`giss plo`my ld tci lrjhg`zht`lg tcht `t ixphges `ts aus`giss ay
d`ge`gj giw mustlkirs hge igtir`gj giw khrnits, aut tc`s hmt scluoe glt hddimt tci loe
mustlkirs. Uchts tci niy ld summiss wc`mc RHC@EBII O`e `s dloolw`gj.
Lrjhg`zht`lgs Thouis
Urust
@gtijr`ty
Qispimt
=.4. @.U Eiphrtkigt2
Uci Mlkphgy `s us`gj Dlx-prl, Lrhmoi 86j ahsi prljrhks `g tci`r hmmlugts & ]tlri,
& mlst`gj eiphrtkigts wc`mc ighaoi tci khghjikigt tl khni tci prlkpt eim`s`lgs
lg tci ahs`s ld up-tl-ehti `gdlrkht`lg.
Gitwlrn`gj ld mlkputir `g ihmc eiphrtkigt khnis tci K@] spiie`ist, idd`m`igt hge
mcihpir. Uci usi ld mlkputirs ht ihmc oivio ighaois tci mlkphgy tl mrihti h phpiroiss
igv`rlgkigt.
H tihk ld c`jcoy quho`d`ie @.U prldiss`lghos `s wlrn`gj w`tc tci d`rk hge h gukair ld
sldtwhri hge phmnhjis chvi aiig eiviolpie ay tcik dlr hutlkht`lg ld tci systiks.
@U Eiphrtkigt `s viry strlgj `g tci RHC@EBII. @g RHC@EBII h olmho hrih gitwlrn
`s usie wc`mc `s kh`gth`gie ay @.U eiphrtkigt. Uciy chvi purmchsie viry ixpigs`vi
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sld twhri drlk h dlri`jg sldtwhri eiviolpkigt mlkphgy hge glw `ts ai`gj lpirhtie
ay mlkpitigt sthdd ld tci`r lwg.
Igtirpr`si rimlursi pohgg`gj (IQV)
Hmmlugt`gj hge D`ghgmi Khghjikigt (HDK)
Ixplrt Khghjikigt ]ystik (IK])
Hpphrio Khghjikigt ]ystik (HK])
Hpphrio Mlst`gj ]ystik (HM])
Dhar`m Khghjikigt ]ystik (DK])
@gvigtlry Khghjikigt ]ystik (@K])
Lrjhg`zht`lgho Vohgg`gj & Eiviolpkigt (LVE)
]ysmht
@.U pirdlrks khgy ltcir dugmt`lgs `g tci RHC@EBII OUE wc`mc hri hs ugeir2
Mhre ]mhgg`gj
Ahr Mlei lg D`g`scie Vrleumt
Ahr Mlei lg Vhmnie Vrleumt
Mhtir`gj
Khn`gj Jhti Vhss
=.:. Cukhg Qislurmis2
Uci Cukhg Qislurmis Eiphrtkigt `s wlrn`gj viry iddimt`vioy `g tci d`rk. @t chs h
jlle mcimn &ahohgmi `g tci `gtirgho hddh`rs. Uci riwhre systik ld ikpolyiis `s
mlgtrlooie ay tc`s eiphrtkigt. Klrilvir lvirt`ki `s ph`e viry iddimt`vioy hge spim`ho algus `d tci d`rk `s ugeir wlrn lg lmmhs`lgs o`ni I`e hge ltcir clo`ehys. Uciri `s h
p`mn hge erlp dhm`o`ty dlr tci ikpolyiis tl ihsi tcik hge ai pugmtuho. Dloolw`gj hri
slki pl`gts tci CQ eiphrtkigt ld tci d`rk dloolws.
Uci kh`g jlho `s tl klt`vhti tci ikpolyiis up tl khx`kuk oivio tl jit tci
aist lut ld tcik. Dlr tc`s purplsi ikpolyiis hri lddirie Khrr`hji hge eihtc
hoolwhgmis, `gsurhgmi, algusis, prld`t phrt`m`pht`lg hge kumc klri.
Hpprim`ht`lg hge ltcir trh`g`gj smcikis ht hoo oivios. Kie`mho hge Ieumht`lgho
dhm`o`t`is dlr tci ikpolyiis hge tci`r dhk`o`is.
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==
Ul `eigt`dy trh`g`gj giies hge prlv`ei riqu`rie trh`g`gj tl hoo mhtijlr`is ld
ikpolyiis.
Ul khni aist usi ld tci sn`oos hge ha`o`t`is ld hoo tclsi wcl hri ikpolyie `g
tci lrjhg`zht`lg.
CQ Eiphrtkigt `g RHC@EBII OUE `s `gvlovie `g e`ddirigt typis ld cukhg rislurmi
riohtie hmt`v`t`is wc`mc hri hs dloolw2
Qimru`tkigt
Urh`g`gj hge Eiviolpkigt
Mlkpigsht`lg
Virdlrkhgmi Hpprh`shos
Ikpolyii Ziodhri
Qiwhres hge Vug`sckigts
Qit`rikigt hge Uirk`ght`lg Aigid`ts
=.:.8. Oiheirsc`p ]tyoi2
Oiheirsc`p styoi ld RHC@EBII Ote `s glt viry `kpriss`vi. Khghjirs elgt j`vi
mchgmi tl olw oivio ikpolyiis tl j`vi hgy n`ge ld sujjist`lg `g hgy khttir. Uci`r
oiheirsc`p `s glt ixikpohry. Aichv`lr ld MIL `s qu`ti ruei hge tc`s `s tci rihslg ld
olw klt`vht`lg `g ikpolyiis.
=.3. D`ghgmi Eiphrtkigt2
Uci kh`g labimt`vi ld d`ghgmi eiphrtkigt ld RHC@EBII OUE `s tl khghji d`ghgmi `g
sumc why tcht khx`kuk lutput `s thnig ay k`g`kuk `gput.
RHC@EBII OUEs d`ghgm`ho hek`g`strht`lg `s viry str`mt `g j`v`gj `gdlrkht`lg.
Mlkphgy ruois hri viry str`mt dlr `t. Dloolw`gj hri tci kh`g dugmt`lgs ld d`ghgmi
eiphrtkigt.
=.3.8. D`ghgm`ho Khghjikigt2
@t eihos w`tc tci mhsc `gdolws hge mhsc lutdolws. Khblr mhsc `gdolws hri hs ugeir2
]hois Mlooimt`lg
@gtirist ld Eipls`ts
]hois ld Oidtlvir
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=5
Mhp`tho Jh`gs
Khblr lutdolws2
Vurmchsi ld Qhw Khtir`ho
Vurmchsi ld Vhmn`gj Khtir`hos
Vurmchsi ld Duio
Zhjis, ]hohr`is hge Vhykigts
Eut`is hge Uhxis
Khblr Ahgns wc`mc el aus`giss w`tc RHC@EBII OUE
Hoo`ie Ahgn O`k`tie
Dhysho Ahgn O`k`tie
Ght`lgho Ahgn ld Vhn`sthg
Uci Ahgn ld Vugbha
Yg`tie Ahgn O`k`tie
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=9
=.3.1. C`irhrmcy Mchrt ld D`ghgmi2
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=4
=.0. Hmmlugts Eiphrtkigt2
Hg hmmlugt`gj eiphrtkigt ld RHC@EBII pohy hg `kplrthgt rloi `g khghj`gj klgiy,
jhtcir`gj phykigts hge mlooimt`gj rimi`vhaois, phy`gj a`oos hge ut`o`t`is lg t`ki hge
igsur`gj tci mlkphgy niips h pls`t`vi git wlrtc vhoui. Hmmlugthgts ldtig sit jlhos
hge labimt`vis dlr tci igt`ri eiphrtkigt tl igsuri tci aus`giss pirdlrks tci aist
plss`aoi hmmlugt`gj prhmt`mis ht hgy j`vig t`ki.
Chgeoi jigirho hmmlugts.
Hppoy mlst hmmlugt`gj.
Vriphri auejit.
Vrleumi d`ghgm`ho riplrts.
Ygeirthni ixhk`ght`lg ld rimlres (hue`t`gj).
Khni aittir d`ghgm`ho eim`s`lgs.
Hghoyzi `gdlrkht`lg dlr pohgg`gj hge mlgtrlo.
Vriphri prlbimt prlplsho, hge hpprh`sho.
=.86. Dlrwhre`gj Eiphrtkigt2
Lrjhg`zi tci shdi hge idd`m`igt klvikigt ld jlles tcrlujc e`ddirigt klei ld
trhgsplrtht`lg.
Uciy usi tci klst iddimt`vi hge imlglk`mho kitcles ld trhgsplrt dlr jlles tcht k`jct
ai tci sirv`mis ld sc`pp`gj o`gis, h`ro`gis lr rlhe hge rh`o dri`jct lpirhtlrs. Uci
dlrwhre`gj eiphrtkigt pohy viry `kplrthgt rloi dlr sc`pkigt ld tixt`oi jlles tl
vhr`lus mlugtr`is w`tc us`gj ld khgy elmukigtht`lg.
Uciy usi mlgth`gir tl trhgsdir ld jlles o`ni 16dt, 56dt hge 56 dt CM.
Uciy usi tci dloolw`gj dlrkuohs tl mhomuohti tci Mhomuohti Mua`m Kitir (MAK).O * Z * C/ 4861= * Gl. ld mlttlg
Dlr h`r2
O * Z * C/ =44 * Gl. ld mlttlg
O;oigjtc
Z;w`etc
C;ci`jct
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=.86.8. Dugmt`lgs ld Dlrwhre`gj2 Qisihrmc hge pohgg`gj ld hpprlpr`hti rluti dlr sc`pkigt
Lath`g`gj, mcimn`gj hge priphr`gj elmukigtht`lg tl kiit mustlks hge
`gsurhgmi riqu`rikigts. Hrrhgj`gj h`r trhgsplrt dlr urjigt ahs`s.
Zlrn`gj molsioy w`tc mustlkir hge tc`re phrt`is tl `gsuri sklltc lpirht`lgs
tl eiheo`gis.
Kh`gth`g`gj murrigt nglwoieji ld rioivhgt oij`soht`lg, plo`t`mho s`tuht`lg hge
ltcir dhmtlrs tcht mluoe ai hddimtie.
Urhgsk`tt`gj ehth ay `gtirgit hge trhm`gj ld sc`pkigt
=.86.1. Klei ld Urhgsplrtht`lg 2
Qlhe trhgsplrtht`lg
Qh`o trhgsplrtht`lg
H`r trhgsplrtht`lg
]ih trhgsplrtht`lg
=.86.=. A`oo ld Ohe`gj2
H elmukigt tcht isthao`scis tci tirks ld h mlgtrhmt aitwiig h sc`ppir hge
trhgsplrtht`lg mlkphgy.
Uci dloolw`gj cihes `gmoueis>
]c`ppir ghki
Mlgs`jgii
Glt`dy phrty
Ixplrt ridirigmi gukairs
Hjigts ghki
Tissio gukair
Vlrt ld e`smchrji
Vohmi ld eio`viry
D`gho eist`ght`lg
Eismr`pt`lg ld jlles
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=.86.=.8. H`r why a`oo >Hg h`r why a`oo `s h elmukigthry prlld ld tci mlgtrhmt ld mhrr`hji aitwiig tci sc`ppir
hge tci mhrr`ir.
@t `gmoueis tci dloolw`gj cihes
]uppo`ir ghki
Mlgs`jgii
Dlrk ixplrt gukair
@gvl`mi gukair
Glt`dy phrty
H`rplrt ld e`smchrji
H`rplrt ld rimi`pt
H`rplrt ld olhe`gj
Eismr`pt`lg ld jlles
Jrlss /git wi`jct
O.M gukair
=.86.5. Mlkkirm`ho @gvl`mi2
Uci mlkkirm`ho `gvl`mi khei ay tci dlrwhre`gj eiphrtkigt wc`mc jlis tl tci auyir
ld prleumts.
@t `gmoueis tci dloolw`gj cihes
@gvl`mi gukair
]c`ppir ghki
Mlgs`jgii ghki
Glt`dy phrty
Hjigts ghki
Ixplrt rij`strht`lg gukair
Vhykigts tirks
E`smrit`lg ld jlles
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5. MCHVUIQ GL. 5
KP @GUIQG]C@V VQLJQHK
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5.5.8. ]iquigmi ld Zlrn2 Vurmchsi lreir rimi`vie.
Vrlmurikigt.
E`sphtmc.
@gvl`mi hmmlugt eiat.
Qimlre lg shois alln
Ixplrt Vrlmieuri
Vhrty tirk ld phykigt (i`tcir lg a`oo ld ohe`gj lr lg eio`viry).
Mcimn i`tcir h dlrwhre mlgtrhmt lr lg rihey ehti.
Gijlt`hti Ixmchgji rhtis ay e`ddirigt ahgns
Vriphri elmukigt riqu`rie ay ahgn dlr e`sphtmc`gj. Qimi`vi phykigt ahgn mrie`t lur hmmlugt.
Mrie`t hev`si scluoe ai usie `g lreir tl phss igtry ld phykigt.
E`str`auti hmmlre`gj tl eikhge ld eiphrtkigts w`tc hev`si ld MIL.
Uci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt `s pirdlrk`gj `ts eut`is ugeir tci supirv`s`lg ld Jigirho
Khghjir Hmmlugt> ci `s tci cihe ld tci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt. Uci hmmlugt eiphrtkigt
ld tci mlkphgy kh`gth`gs tci allns ld hmmlugts dlr tci mlkphgy. Uci Eiputy
khghjir hmmlugts pirdlrks c`s eut`is ugeir tci Jigirho khghjir hmmlugts wcl chvisualre`ghti Hmmlugts khghjir, durtcir c`irhrmcy `s e`smussie `g tci c`irhrmcy mchrt ld
tci mlkphgy. Uci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy `s us`gj ioimtrlg`m ehth dlr tci
jigirht`lg ld d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts. Uci d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts hri kh`gth`gie tcrlujc
Lrhmoi D`ghgm`hos". Uci siquigmi ld priphrht`lg ld d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts `s
`gtiro`gnie. Lgoy ehth `s plstie `g tci sldtwhri hge durtcir sthtikigts hri
hutlkht`mhooy jigirhtie ay tci sldtwhri.
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Uci hmmlugt eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy priphris shohry sciit dlr tci mlkphgy. @t
mhomuohti tci tltho shohry phyhaoi dlr tci pirkhgigt wlrnir hge shohry phyhaoi tl tci
pilpoi ht eh`oy whjis, durtcir tci mhomuoht`lg ld algus hge hgy d`ghgm`ho riwhre `s
hosl mhomuohtie ay tci hmmlugt eiphrtkigt.
Uci Hmmlugt Eiphrtkigt `s risplgs`aoi dlr tci igt`ri hmmlugt`gj prlmiss ld tci
lrjhg`zht`lg rijhre`gj tci rimlre`gj ld trhgshmt`lgs, eis`jg`gj tci hmmlugt`gj systik,
priphrht`lg ld d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts hge mlkputir hppo`mht`lg tl tci hmmlugt`gj
prlmiss.
5.5.1. Ixmchgji Qhti2
Ht RHC@EBII klst ld tci t`ki ixmchgji rhti `s pri simurie ay us`gj e`ddirigt
cihe`gj tllos hge tciy lgoy eihos w`tc N]H Nhrhmc` stlmn ixmchgji hge slki t`ki
tciy hosl e`smlugt Ohttir ld mrie`t aidlri eui ehti lr thni olhg lg `t.
Dlr tc`s purplsi tciy usi
Lpt`lg Mlgtrhmts
Dlrwhre Mlgtrhmts
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5.5.=. @gsurhgmi2
Uciy howhys `gsuri tci`r hssits `ts euty ld d`ghgmi eiphrtkigt tl d`ge aist `gsurhgmi
phmnhjis hge khei tci`r phykigts. Klst ld tci t`ki tciy usi IDY `gsurhgmi
mlkphgy dlr tc`s purplsi.
@tiks tciy `gsurie hri2
Tic`mois
Mhsc eur`gj khguho trhgshmt`lg
Khmc`giry
Au`oe`gjs
5.5.5. Tlumcirs2
Uci prlmiss ld hmmlugt`gj systik sthrts drlk tci priphrht`lg ld vlumcir. Uci
dloolw`gj hri e`ddirigt typis ld vlumcirs priphrie ht RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos2 Ky
`gtirgsc`p pir`le `g hmmlugts eiphrtkigt whs viry `gtirist`gj. Ciri @ chvi oihrgt tcht
clw tci hmmlugt`gj eiphrtkigts ld e`ddirigt lrjhg`zht`lgs hri wlrn`gj. Hs o`ni tci
d`ghgmi eiphrtkigt tci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy `s hosl rugg`gj ugeir tci
supirv`s`lg ld h cihe, hge mhooie Jigirho Khghjir Hmmlugts. Uci hmmlugts
eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy `s viry risplgs`aoi hrihs ld bla. Ciri ihmc hmt`v`ty riohtie
tl mlkphgy lpirht`lgs hge d`ghgmi `s rimlreie. Uci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt rimi`vi
vlumcir drlk e`ddirigt eiphrtkigt o`ni shois, purmchsi hge hek`g`strht`lg eiphrtkigt,
ihmc hge iviry igtry `s siphrhtioy rimlreie `g siphrhti hmmlugt. Hs @ chvi ihro`ir
e`smussie tcht @ pirdlrkie ky eut`is hs hg lasirvir, aut ciri `g tc`s eiphrtkigt @
pirslghooy plstie igtr`is `g tci lrhmoi hmmlugt`gj sldtwhri. @t whs viry `gtirist`gj
hss`jgkigt. Dlr tcrii ehys @ plstie vlumcirs hge @ spigt twl ehys `g eiviolp`gj
vlumcirs dlr e`ddirigt eiphrtkigts. @t whs viry ixm`t`gj euty> ihmc hge iviry eith`o
whs wr`ttig lg tci vlumcirs lgi bust chs tl plst `t `g tci mlkputir sldtwhri. Durtcir @
che tl jit tci vlumcir hue`tie drlk hue`t eiphrtkigt.
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5.5.9. Ahgn Tlumcir/ Ahgn Hmmlugt Urhgsdir2
Uc`s Tlumcir `s priphrie wcig hgy hklugt `s eipls`tie lr w`tcerhwg drlk tci ahgn.
5.5.4. Vhykigt Tlumcir2
Uc`s Tlumcir `s priphrie ht tci t`ki ld khn`gj phykigts tl hgy phrty.
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5.5.:. Mrie`t Tlumcir2
Uc`s vlumcir `s priphrie wc`oi rimi`v`gj hgy hklugt drlk hgy phrty.
5.5.3. Jigirho Tlumcir2Uc`s `s hosl nglwg hs hebustkigt vlumcir. Uc`s vlumcir `s priphrie dlr hebust`gj hgy
igtry. Tlumcirs hri priphrie hdtir iviry trhgshmt`lg. Ucisi vlumcirs hri sigt tl tci
Mc`id Hmmlugthgt w`tc hoo supplrt`gj elmukigts. Uci mc`id Hmmlugthgt vir`d`is tcisi
vlumcirs hge sigt tcik tl tci E`rimtlr D`ghgmi. @d ci chs hgy `gqu`ry halut h tc`gj, ci
hsns tci rioivhgt pirslg. @d tciri `s glt hgy pl`gt dlr `gqu`ry tcig ci puts c`s s`jghturi
lg tci vlumcirs. Glw `t `s h t`ki tl rimlre tcisi vlumcirs `g tci allns ld hmmlugts.
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Ht eh`oy ahs`s e`ddirigt typi ld vlumcirs hri `gtirrie `g tci hmmlugts eiphrtkigt hge
tci hmmlugt`gj systik igth`o stip thni pohmi ciri. Hdtir rimi`v`gj tcisi vlumcir tcisi
vlumcir hri rimlreie `g tci lrhmoi sldtwhri.
Ucisi trhgshmt`lgs hri rimlreie `g tci gukair ld allns o`ni2
Hdtir rimlre`gj tci trhgshmt`lgs `g tci sldtwhri ld hmmlugts tcisi hri plstie `g tci
oiejirs. Uci `gtirgho hue`tlr tcig vir`d`is wcitcir tci trhgshmt`lgs hri prlpiroy
rimlreie `g tci kleuois (allns ld hmmlugts) lr glt.
5.5.0. Mhsc Alln2
@g tc`s alln mhsc phykigt hge rimi`pt vlumcirs hri rimlreie lg eh`oy ahs`s. Uci
vlumcirs hri gukairie sir`ho w`si hge mhsc mols`gj ahohgmi `s mhomuohtie
hutlkht`mhooy.
5.5.86. Ahgn Alln2
Uc`s alln `s kh`gth`gie dlr hoo tci ahgn hmmlugts ld tci mlkphgy. Zcig hgy hklugt
`s w`tcerhwg lr eipls`tie `g tci ahgn tcht hklugt `s hosl rimlreie `g tci ahgnalln.
Ht tci ige ld klgtc ahgn hmmlugt `s rimlgm`oie w`tc ahgn sthtikigts.
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5.5.88. Alujct Ehy Alln2
Uci alujct ehy alln `s kh`gth`gie dlr rimlre`gj tci purmchsis khei ay tci mlkphgy.
Uci ahohgmis dlrk tci alujct ehy alln `s igtirie `g tci rioivhgt suppo`ir oiejirs ht
tci ige ld tci klgtc tci ahohgmis drlk tci alujct ehy alln `s plstie hutlkht`mhooy `g
tci kh`g oiejir dlr mlgtrlo purplsis.
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5.5.81. ]hois Ehy Alln
@g tc`s alln shoi a`oos hri igtirie hge tcig plstie `g tci mustlkir oiejirs. Ht tci ige
ld tci klgtc tci ahohgmis hri plstie `g tci kh`g oiejir dlr mlgtrlo purplsis.
Zcig tci trhgshmt`lg `s prlpiroy rimlreie `g tci allns ld hmmlugts tcig tcisi
ahohgmis hri plstie `g tci oiejirs. Uci dloolw`gj hri tci typis ld oiejirs kh`gth`gie
ht RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos Ote.
8. Kh`g Oiejir
1. Vrld`t hge Olss Oiejir
=. Mustlkir Oiejir
5. ]uppo`ir Oiejir
9. ]thdd Oiejir
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5.5.8=. Ixpigsis Hmmlugt2 Khgudhmtur`gj Ixpigsis
Uciy hri o`ni purmchsi ld mlttlg, whjis hge shohr`is, duio, plwir, `gsurhgmi, riph`r
hge kh`gtighgmi ld pohgt, phmn`gj hge eiprim`ht`lg.
Hek`g Ixpigsis
Ucisi hri E`rimtlrs trhvio`gj ixpigsis, shohr`is, hge mlkkug`mht`lg ixpigsis o`ni dhx
tioix itm. rigt, ioimtr`m`ty, igtirth`gkigt, hge hevirt`s`gj, hge vic`moi, suasmr`pt`lg,
pr`gt`gj hge stht`lghry
]ioo`gj Ixpigsis
Ucisi `gmouei ixplrt ixpigsi, mlrplrhti dri`jct, hge olmho sioo`gj ixpigsi.
D`ghgm`ho Mchrjis
Uciy hri o`ni `gtirist lg olgj-tirk olhg, khrn-up lg sclrt-tirk d`ghgmis, olgj-tirk
d`ghgmis, ixmchgji r`sn mlvirhji dii, mlkk`ss`lg lg ahgn juhrhgtiis, O.M
mlkk`ss`lg, ixm`si euty lg olgj tirk hge sclrt tirk d`ghgmis.
K`sm. Mchrjis
Uciy `gmouei hue`tlrs dii, oijho hge prldiss`lgho mchrjis (ltcir tchg hue`tlrs),
elght`lgs, d`gis hge pighot`is.
5.5.85. @gtirgho Hue`t Eiphrtkigt2
Uci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy `s wlrn`gj ugeir tci supirv`s`lg ld
mc`id `gtirgho hue`tlr. Uci `gtirgho hue`t `s mlgeumtie lg mlgt`gulus ahs`s. Uc`s
eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy `s `gtiro`gnie w`tc d`ghgmi eiphrtkigt hge w`tc hmmlugts
eiphrtkigt. @t hue`ts tci d`ghgm`ho riplrts ld tci mlkphgy priphrie ay tci hmmlugts
eiphrtkigt. Aidlri tci sthtutlry hue`t tci eiphrtkigt ld `gtirgho hue`t, kust mlgeumt
tci `gtirgho hue`t, durtcir tciri hri slki quho`d`ie pirslgs wlrn`gj ugeir tci
supirv`s`lg ld mc`id `gtirgho hue`tlr. Ihmc hge iviry trhgshmt`lg aidlri plst`gj `g tci
allns ld hmmlugts `s hue`tie ay tci hue`t eiphrtkigt.
@gtirgho hue`t `s ky klst dhvlr`ti eiphrtkigt `g tc`s eiphrtkigt tci eut`is hri
hss`jgie tl tci sualre`ghtis ay mc`id `gtirgho hue`tlr hge ci khghjis tc`s eiphrtkigt
viry wioo. @gtirgho hue`t `s hg lgjl`gj prlmiss ihmc hge iviry trhgshmt`lg `s hue`tie
hge rlutie tcrlujc hue`t eiphrtkigt. Uci prlmiss ld `gtirgho hue`t mlkpr`sis ld twl
kh`g lpirht`lgs `.i. pri hue`t hge plst hue`t. @g pri hue`t hoo tci trhgshmt`lgs hri
hue`tie ay `gtirgho hue`tlrs aidlri plst`gj `g tci hmmlugt`gj sldtwhri. Hdtir plst`gj
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tcisi trhgshmt`lgs `g tci hmmlugt`gj sldtwhri tcisi hri hjh`g hue`tie ay tci hue`t
eiphrtkigt hge tc`s prlmiss `s mhooie plst hue`t.
Uci d`ghgmi eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy hrrhgjis dlr tci d`gho hue`t ld tci mlkphgy
mlooimtie ehth drlk e`ddirigt slurmis `gs`ei tci mlkphgy hge khghjis tclsi ehth dlr
hue`t prljrhk.
Uci hmmlugt eiphrtkigt ld tci mlkphgy upehtis tci d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts ht eh`oy
ahs`s. Hoo tci trhgshmt`lgs lmmur `g tci murrigt ehy hri rimlreie `g tci sldtwhri hge
sldtwhri upehtis hoo tci rioivhgt ld hmmlugts. Hdtir h spim`d`m t`ki ld pir`le tci
hmmlugt eiphrtkigt dlrwhres tci d`ghgm`ho sthtikigts tl tci hue`t eiphrtkigt wc`mc
hue`t tcisi d`ghgm`ho sthtikigt priphrie ay tci hmmlugt eiphrtkigt.
RHC@EBII Uixt`oi K`oos chs hosl h spim`ho eiphrtkigt dlr pirdlrk`gj tci `gtirgho
hue`t. Uci @gtirgho Hue`tlr cihes tc`s eiphrtkigt. Uci hue`t eiphrtkigt eiviolps
hue`t prljrhk aidlri mlgeumt`gj hg hue`t. Uc`s eiphrtkigt wlrns lg mlgt`guho ahs`s.
Uci `gtirgho hue`tlr ld tci mlkphgy v`s`ts tci k`oos lg wiinoy ahs`s hge mlgeumts tci
hue`t hmmlre`gj tl tci mcimno`st drhkie ay tci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt. Uci
eiphrtkigt `s risplgs`aoi tl niip `ts iyis lg tci `kpoikigtht`lg ld khghjikigt
plo`m`is. Uc`s eiphrtkigt `s hosl risplgs`aoi tl `gdlrk tci tlp khghjikigt rijhre`gj
tci hmmurhmy ld hoo hmmlugt`gj `gdlrkht`lg hge tci`r hghoys`s.
Dloolw`gj hri tci kh`g dugmt`lgs ld tci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt2
Qiv`s`lg ld tci ]ystik
Uci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt riv`sis tci systik `d tciri hr`sis hgy e`smriphgmy.
Mcimn lg tci ]ystik
Uci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt mcimns wcitcir tci riv`sie systik `s ai`gj
dloolwie lr glt. @d hr`sis hgy eiv`ht`lg tcht `s riplrtie tl tci khghjikigt.
Mcimn lg Kh`gtighgmi ld Allns ld Hmmlugts
Uc`s eiphrtkigt hosl ixhk`gis wcitcir khghjikigt plo`m`is hri dloolwie lr glt.
Vrlpir kh`gtighgmi ld Allns ld Hmmlugts
Uci `gtirgho hue`t eiphrtkigt hosl ixhk`gis wcitcir prlpir allns ld hmmlugts hri