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Interstates/HighwaystoBoulevardsResearch
TheCoPIRGFoundationandgroupscounterto thewideningof the Central 70 project have referenced highway-to-boulevard conversions in their argument for urban freewayremoval. Below are examples of highways that have beenconvertedtoboulevardsorremoved,aswellasprojectsthatareunderdebateandhavenotbeenremoved.
Frequentlyusedexamplesofhighwayconversions:
WestSideElevatedHighway–NewYork,NYo Connectionsateachend:South:I-478inManhattan;North:NY9AinManhattan,NYo Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:5.29mileso Lanes:Sixo Traffic:80,000dailyvehicleso Status:Highwayremovedduetocollapsein1973andconvertedtowideboulevard
§ Laneswereconsideredtoonarrowcouldnotaccommodatetruckso Trafficengineersfoundthattrafficdissipatedafterremoval
RiverfrontParkway–Chattanooga,TN
o Connectionsateachend:RunsfromRiversideDr.toW20St.o Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:3mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:20,000dailyvehicleso Status:Highwayreplacedwithboulevardtobetterusespaceinearly2000s
§ Highwaywasbuiltin1960s
HarborDrive–Portland,OR
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectedUS99WtodowntownPortlandalongthewesternbankoftheWillametteRiver
o Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:3mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:24,000dailyvehicleso Status:Permanentlyclosedin1974forconstructionofnewpark
§ Asmorefreewayswerebuiltinthecityduringthe1960s--includingInterstate5ontheeasternbankoftheWillametteandInterstate405,awesternbypassarounddowntown--HarborDrivebecamelessimportantasalong-haulfreewayroute
CentralFreeway–SanFrancisco,CA
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectedBayshoreFreeway–theapproachtotheSanFrancisco–OaklandBayBridge–throughdowntownSanFranciscotoBroadwaySt.
o Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:2mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:100,000dailyvehicleso Status:Earthquakedamagedfreewayin1989andwascompletelyremovedin1992;replacedwith
thesurface-levelboulevard
EmbarcaderoFreeway–SanFrancisco,CA
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectedBroadwayalongtheEmbarcaderototheBayBridgeo Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:-o Lanes:Four(twoineachdirection)o Traffic:100,000dailyvehicleso Status:Earthquakedamagedthefreewayin1989;closed&eventuallyremovedin1991o Convertedtomulti-useboulevard
§ Containstwobanksofthoroughfaretraffic,3lanesgoingineachdirectionandastreetcarlinedownthecenter
ParkEastFreeway–Milwaukee,WI
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectedLakeFreewayatthenortheastcornerofdowntownand
proceededwesterlyacrossthenorthsideofdowntowntoajunctionwiththeNorth-SouthFreeway
o Interstatebeforeconversion?Noo Length:1mileo Lanes:-o Traffic:54,000dailyvehicleso Status:Demolishedin2002andreplacedwithsix-laneboulevard
Highways/InterstatesUnderDebateforRemoval:I-345–Dallas,TX
o Connectionsateachend:North:I-70South:I-35o Interstate:Yeso Length:1.4mileso Lanes:Threeo Traffic:170,00dailyvehicleso Status:Projectproposalpendingtodemolishtheelevatedstructureoftheinterstate
§ Proponentswantitreplacedwithanat-gradeparkwayandreconnectedstreets§ Bridgewasdesignedandbuiltin1974
I-10/ClaiborneOverpass–NewOrleans,LA
o Connectionsateachend:ElevatedportionofI-10(theinterstateconnectsPacificOceanatStateRoute1inSantaMonica,CA,toI-95inJacksonville,FL)builtdirectlyoverClaiborneAvenue
o Interstate:Yeso Length:2.2mileso Lanes:Sixo Traffic:70,000-110,000dailyvehicleso Status:Active
§ IncreasingcallsfromlocalneighborhoodstoremoveoverpassafterdamagedsustainedfromHurricaneKatrina
§ Proponentsofremovalsayitwouldreconnectneighborhoods,reclaimcityblocksandreplenishoaktrees
I-81–Syracuse,NY
o Connectionsateachend:InterstatesegmentrunseastofdowntownandconnectswithI-690o Interstate:Yeso Length:1.4mileso Lanes:Threeo Traffic:43,000-90,000dailyvehicleso Status:Active
§ Localpoliticalanduniversityleadersarepushingtoremovetheelevatedinterstate§ Removaladvocateswantanurbanboulevardthatwouldreconnectdowntown
neighborhoods• Supporterssayitwillbelesscostlytomaintainandincreaseeconomicactivity
alongthecorridor
GardinerExpressway–Toronto,ON
o Connectionsateachend:Majoreast-westthoroughfarethatconnectsdowntownTorontotoitswesternsuburbs
o Interstate:Noo Length:1.5mileso Lanes:Eighto Traffic:120,000vehiclesdailyo Status:Active
§ Localcitizenshavecalledfortheremovalofa1.5milestretchoftheelevatedexpresswayasitrunsfromfromJarvisStreettojusteastoftheDanValleyParkway
§ Removalsupportedbylocalofficials§ Afareasternportionofthefreewaywassuccessfullyremovedin1999
Route5/Skyway–Buffalo,NY
o Connectionsateachend:BeginsattheInnerHarbordowntown,crossestheBuffaloRiverandtouchesdownasRoute5intheOuterHarbor
o Interstate:Noo Length:1.4mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:41,500dailyvehicleso Status:Activebridgeo Localcitizensandcivicorganizationscallforremovalandreplacementofbridgewithsurface
boulevard§ Removaladvocatestoutenvironmentalandeconomicbenefitsfordowntownand
waterfrontredevelopment
InnerLoop–Rochester,NY
o Connectionsateachend:West:I-490exit13;East:I-490exits15and16directlysouthofdowntown
o Interstate:Noo Length:2.68mileso Lanes:12o Traffic:10,500-46,500dailyvehicleso Status:Underconstructiono Planinmotiontoreconstructa2/3milestretchoftheeasternsegmentbetweenMonroeAvenue
andCharlotteStreetwithat-gradeboulevardo Sectionswereshutdownin2015andarecurrentlyunderconstructiono Removaladvocatessayitwillbeautifythecityandcouldimproveeconomicallydistressedareas
I-70–St.Louis,MO
o Connectionsateachend:PassesthroughSt.LouisfromEastofWentzvilletothecityofSt.Charles
o Interstate:Yeso Length:1.4mileso Lanes:13o Traffic:165,000dailyvehicleso Status:Activeo Changedroutestonorthofdowntown;formerrouteisnowI-44o Advocatescalledforthereplacementwithurbanboulevard,renovationplansnevermaterializedo Instead,anenhancedpedestrianaccessandlandscapingovertopwasimplementedondepressed
portionofI-70,named"ParkOvertheHighway"
I-280–SanFrancisco,CA
o Connectionsateachend:Connects4thandKingStreetssouthto16thStreeto Interstate:Yeso Length:1.2mileso Lanes:Eighto Traffic:11,000to226,000dailyvehicleso Status:Active
§ MayorispushingproposaltoremovestretchofI-280andreplacewithboulevard§ Proposalcallsforaneventualconnectionwithraillineservice
I-375–Detroit,MI
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectssouthernmostlegoftheWalterP.ChryslerFreewayandaspurofI-75intodowntownDetroit,endingatBSInterstate375
o Interstate:Yeso Length:1.06mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:17,101to41,512dailyvehicleso Status:Active
§ MDOThasindefinitelydelayedanycourseofactiononthehighwayremoval§ SixalternativeproposalsforrebuildingI-375wereunveiledbyMDOTinJune2014
• Proposalsincludedrebuilding,replacingwithboulevard,upgradingexistingfreewaytoincludebikelanesandotherpedestrian-friendlyfeatures
TerminalIslandFreeway–LongBeach,CA
o Connectionsateachend:ConnectsSeasideFreewaytoWillowStreeto Interstate:Noo Length:1.6mileso Lanes:Fouro Traffic:11,000vehiclesperdayo Status:Active
§ TheLongBeachCityCouncilvotedunanimouslyin2015toconductanenvironmentalstudyfortheremovalofthefreeway
§ Wouldbereplacedwithparks
AetnaViaduct–Hartford,CT
o Connectionsateachend:ElevatedI-84viaductthatbeginsatSissonAvenueandrunsthroughtheheartofdowntownHartford
o Interstate:Noo Length:¾mileo Lanes:Twoo Traffic:175,000dailyvehicleso Status:Active
§ A2010studyreinforcedideaofreplacingthedeterioratingviaduct;prospectsforreplacingtheithavesincefaded
§ DOTexpectedtofinalizeplanin2016