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Intervention Strategies for Mathematics Teachers
Intervention has become an important way for teachers to ensure
that all students
succeed in today's high stakes testing environment. Helping
students who are strugglingwith mathematics requires teachers to
choose an appropriate time and strategy for the
intervention. Without a systematic approach, this can be a
challenge for teachers who
have multiple students in need of help.
Following are some easy strategies to help you identify students
who may
benefit from intervention, and address the needs of those
students.
Step One: Identify
Use the following easy and effective strategies to help you
identify students
who may be struggling and who may benefit from intervention
strategies.
Use Formal and Informal Assessments
No single instructional strategy is more important than
effective,appropriate, and informative assessment. It is critical
that teachers are
well-informed about their students' understanding and mastery
ofcontent. But assessment should also be handled with
restrainttoo
much testing may produce students who are weary and
overwhelmed.
Use the following techniques when assessing your students.
o Use informal techniques frequently during regular class time
to
gauge student understanding.
o Use questioning that focuses on student thinking and
reasoning
to help you monitor your students.
o Incorporate writing activities and group work to observe
student thinking and identify misconceptions and gaps in
understanding.
o Have students illustrate concepts using drawings, graphs,
and
models.
Integrate Warm-Up Activities The use of quick warm-up
activitiesin class can be beneficial for several reasons. One of
the most
common reasons students may need intervention is that they have
notfully mastered prerequisites. You can use warm-up activities
to
review prerequisites and to gauge student mastery. Begin
your
lessons by having your students complete several problems that
cover
prerequisites. This technique will also give you time to
circulate
among your students and have quiet one-on-one conversations.
These
discussions can be used as valuable informal
assessmentopportunities.
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Warm-Up Activity
For a unit on solving systems of linear inequalities, ask
students to solve several inequalities
as a warm-up activity. Then have your students graph a few
inequalities.
Write to Learn
Having students write in math class can help you identify areas
of
misunderstanding and gaps in understanding. Begin your
instructionalunits by having your students write explanations of
several key
prerequisites. Students may feel more comfortable writing and
may
be more apt to expose their weaknesses in their writing. This
can be
especially true for struggling students who may be inclined to
stayquiet during discussions. Use math journals to have students
record
the steps they undertook to solve a problem. You can use
their
explanations as a form of error analysis to help you identify
gaps inunderstanding.
Assign Application Problems
Make sure that you utilize a variety of techniques to gauge
depth ofunderstanding in your students. Some students who have a
cursory
understanding of a topic may be able to perform relatively well
on
standard assessment questions. However, the lack of mastery of
a
concept can be illuminated via application problems. This
exercisecan be especially important prior to moving on to a new
concept. An
application problem can identify students who have not
thoroughlymastered a concept and who will likely require
intervention if they
move on to a new concept too soon.
Step Two: Address the Issues
Using the following instructional strategies to help you address
the needs of
your students.
Use Small Groups or Student Pairs
Having your students work in small groups or in student pairs is
a
beneficial instructional strategy for struggling students.
Students whoneed intervention may be insecure about their abilities
and
consequently unmotivated. Small groups or student pairs can be
lessintimidating for struggling students. Students may be more
likely to
ask questions and admit confusion when working in small groups
or
with another student.
Students can also benefit from explanations from fellow
students.
Often these explanations can make more sense to a student than
one
offered from an instructor. This instructional strategy can
enableteachers to spend time listening to and observing students as
they
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By relating a math topic to something relevant in a student's
life, you
can help increase a student's interest in the topic, and help
make
mathematics more meaningful. This can be especially beneficial
for
struggling students who may not be able to see how the math they
are
studying has any relevance to their daily lives. Many
real-lifeapplications of mathematics can make the content more
interesting to
struggling students. By increasing their interest, you can help
increasetheir motivation.
Learn About Tutoring Options
In addition to these instructional strategies, you should also
learn
about tutoring options that may be available to your
students.
Does your school have an after-school tutoring program?
Are there low-cost tutoring centers near your school?
Are there any mentoring programs available for your
students?Know the tutoring options that are available for the
students who mayneed something extra to help address their
needs.
Consider Seating Arrangements
Sometimes intervention can be as simple as where your students
sit in
your classroom. Sometimes physical placement can get
overlookedonce students reach the middle and upper grades.
Strategically seat
your struggling students in the best location in your classroom,
where
they feel most comfortable, can focus on the lesson, and may
benefit
from a helpful student peer nearby.
