Intro to Communication Week II: Foundations Slide 2 AGREE OR
DISAGREE? 1)Good communicators are born, not made. Slide 3 AGREE OR
DISAGREE? 1)Good communicators are born, not made. 2)The more you
communicate, the better at it you will be. Slide 4 AGREE OR
DISAGREE? 1)Good communicators are born, not made. 2)The more you
communicate, the better at it you will be. 3)In your interpersonal
communications, a good guide to follow is to be as open,
empathetic, and supportive as you can be. Slide 5 AGREE OR
DISAGREE? 1)Good communicators are born, not made. 2)The more you
communicate, the better at it you will be. 3)In your interpersonal
communications, a good guide to follow is to be as open,
empathetic, and supportive as you can be. 4)The best guide to
follow when communicating with people from other cultures is to
ignore the differences and treat the other person just as youd
treat members of your own culture. Slide 6 AGREE OR DISAGREE?
1)Good communicators are born, not made. 2)The more you
communicate, the better at it you will be. 3)In your interpersonal
communications, a good guide to follow is to be as open,
empathetic, and supportive as you can be. 4)The best guide to
follow when communicating with people from other cultures is to
ignore the differences and treat the other person just as youd
treat members of your own culture. 5)Fear of meeting new people is
detrimental and must be eliminated. Slide 7 AGREE OR DISAGREE?
1)Good communicators are born, not made. 2)The more you
communicate, the better at it you will be. 3)In your interpersonal
communications, a good guide to follow is to be as open,
empathetic, and supportive as you can be. 4)The best guide to
follow when communicating with people from other cultures is to
ignore the differences and treat the other person just as youd
treat members of your own culture. 5)Fear of meeting new people is
detrimental and must be eliminated. 6)When there is conflict, your
relationship is in trouble. Slide 8 TRUE OR FALSE? 1)Good
communicators are born, not made. 1)False! Effective communication
is a learned skill and can be improved, no matter the personality.
Slide 9 TRUE OR FALSE? 1)Good communicators are born, not made.
1)False! Effective communication is a learned skill and can be
improved, no matter the personality. 2)The more you communicate,
the better at it you will be. 1)False! Its not the amount of
communication people engage in, but the quality that matters.
Practice bad habits = grow less effective. Slide 10 TRUE OR FALSE?
1)Good communicators are born, not made. 1)False! Effective
communication is a learned skill and can be improved, no matter the
personality. 2)The more you communicate, the better at it you will
be. 1)False! Its not the amount of communication people engage in,
but the quality that matters. Practice bad habits = grow less
effective. 3)In your interpersonal communications, a good guide to
follow is to be as open, empathetic, and supportive as you can be.
1)False! Each interpersonal situation is unique, therefore the type
of comm. Appropriate in one situation may not be in another. Slide
11 TRUE OR FALSE? 1)The best guide to follow when communicating
with people from other cultures is to ignore the differences and
treat the other person just as youd treat members of your own
culture. 1)False! People from different cultures often attribute
different meanings to a message, and also follow different rules
for what is and is not appropriate in interpersonal comm. Slide 12
TRUE OR FALSE? 1)The best guide to follow when communicating with
people from other cultures is to ignore the differences and treat
the other person just as youd treat members of your own culture.
1)False! People from different cultures often attribute different
meanings to a message, and also follow different rules for what is
and is not appropriate in interpersonal comm. 2)Fear of meeting new
people is detrimental and must be eliminated. 1)False. Many people
are nervous meeting new people. It may not be possible to eliminate
fear; but it is possible to manage it. Slide 13 TRUE OR FALSE?
1)The best guide to follow when communicating with people from
other cultures is to ignore the differences and treat the other
person just as youd treat members of your own culture. 1)False!
People from different cultures often attribute different meanings
to a message, and also follow different rules for what is and is
not appropriate in interpersonal comm. 2)Fear of meeting new people
is detrimental and must be eliminated. 1)False. Many people are
nervous meeting new people. It may not be possible to eliminate
fear; but it is possible to manage it. 3)When there is conflict,
your relationship is in trouble. 1)False. All meaningful
relationships experience conflict; relationships are not in trouble
when there is conflict, though dealing with conflict ineffectively
can often damage the relationship. Slide 14 Impersonal
CommunicationPersonal Communication Example: A server and a
customer Examples: A father and his son Two long-time lovers Based
on social roles: Interact according to the social roles you are
currently playing not as unique individuals. Based on personal
information: React to each other as unique individuals. Governed by
social rules: For example, a server and customer abide by the rules
& expectations of society. Governed by personally established
rules: The way they address each other, their touching behavior,
degree of closeness are unique to them and established by them, not
society. Slide 15 Impersonal CommunicationPersonal Communication
Example: A server and a customer Examples: A father and his son Two
long-time lovers Impersonal messages: Little personal information
exchanged Little emotional content in the messages exchanged
Personal messages: Lots of personal information exchanged Broad
range of topics (i.e. food, parents divorce, etc.) Slide 16 Slide
17 Slide 18 1. Encoding: the act of producing messages Slide 19 2.
Decoding: the act of understanding messages Slide 20 1. Encoding:
the act of producing messages 2. Decoding: the act of understanding
messages 3. Messages: signals that serve as stimuli for a receiver
and are received by one of our senses: auditory, visual, tactile,
olfactory, gustatory, or any combination of these senses. 1. *What
messages am I sending right now? Slide 21 1. Encoding: the act of
producing messages 2. Decoding: the act of understanding messages
3. Messages: signals that serve as stimuli for a receiver and are
received by one of our senses: auditory, visual, tactile,
olfactory, gustatory, or any combination of these senses. 1. *What
messages am I sending right now? 4. Feedback Messages: messages
sent back to the speaker concerning reactions to what is said Slide
22 1. Encoding: the act of producing messages 2. Decoding: the act
of understanding messages 3. Messages: signals that serve as
stimuli for a receiver and are received by one of our senses:
auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, or any combination
of these senses. 1. *What messages am I sending right now? 4.
Feedback Messages: messages sent back to the speaker concerning
reactions to what is said 5. Channel: the medium through which
messages pass 1. *Often, multiple channels are used simultaneously.
What channels am I communicating with right now? Slide 23 1. Noise:
anything that distorts a message. Ex. Slide 24 1. Noise: anything
that distorts a message. Ex. A) Physical noise (Such as?) B)
Physiological noise (Such as?) C)Psychological noise (Such as?) D)
Semantic noise (Such as?) Slide 25 1. Noise: anything that distorts
a message. Ex. A) Physical noise (Such as?) B) Physiological noise
(Such as?) C)Psychological noise (Such as?) D) Semantic noise (Such
as?) 1. Context: environment where communication always takes place
in, that influences the form and content of your message Slide 26
1. Noise: anything that distorts a message. Ex. A) Physical noise
(Such as?) B) Physiological noise (Such as?) C)Psychological noise
(Such as?) D) Semantic noise (Such as?) 1. Context: environment
where communication always takes place in, that influences the form
and content of your message 1. For example, compare the differences
among communicating in a funeral home, football stadium, formal
restaurant, and a rock concert. Slide 27 1. Noise: anything that
distorts a message. Ex. A) Physical noise (Such as?) B)
Physiological noise (Such as?) C)Psychological noise (Such as?) D)
Semantic noise (Such as?) 1. Context: environment where
communication always takes place in, that influences the form and
content of your message 1. For example, compare the differences
among communicating in a funeral home, football stadium, formal
restaurant, and a rock concert. 2. How does context relate to
noise? Slide 28 1. Noise: anything that distorts a message. Ex. A)
Physical noise (Such as?) B) Physiological noise (Such as?)
C)Psychological noise (Such as?) D) Semantic noise (Such as?) 1.
Context: environment where communication always takes place in,
that influences the form and content of your message 1. For
example, compare the differences among communicating in a funeral
home, football stadium, formal restaurant, and a rock concert. 2.
How does context relate to noise? 3. Context can be: 1. Physical
dimension 2. Temporal dimension (time) 3. Social-Psychological
dimension 4. Cultural dimension 5. Ethical dimension Slide 29
Discussion: 1. Could your model also serve as a model of
intrapersonal communication? A model of small group, public, or
mass communication? 2. What elements or concepts other than those
noted here might be added to the model? Slide 30 Slide 31 Slide 32
What specific actions could you take to communicate effectively in
the following scenarios? 1. You are a person without visual
impairment and are talking with a visually impaired person 1. (for
example, Identify yourself.) 2. You are a person with visual
impairment and are talking with a person without visual impairment
1. (For example, If you want your surroundings described, ask.)
Slide 33 Ethics in Interpersonal Communication 1. What obligations
do you have to keep a secret? 2. What are your ethical obligations
as a listener? 3. Are ethical principles objective or subjective?
(for example, is lying always unethical?) 4. What are your ethical
obligations to reveal personal information to a relationship
partner? 5. Are there ethical and unethical ways to engage in
conflict and conflict resolution? Slide 34 1. Often ambiguous due
to noise & context 2. For example, lets say a guy and a girl
have had dinner together, just the two of them, six times in the
past month, when she asks him: Hey, what kind of relationship do we
have? 1. Do you like me? 2. Are we dating? 3. Do you want me to be
your girlfriend? 4. Do you want to go steady? 1. However, each of
these answers are still ambiguous. 2. How would you give a clear
answer in this situation? Slide 35 1. Sentences can also be
ambiguous due to the phrasing For example, what do these sentences
mean? 1. Visiting neighbors can be boring. 2. They are frying
chickens. 3. What has the cat in its paws? While these are obvious
examples, all interpersonal communication is ambiguous to a degree.
*Watch the video on bathroom signs Slide 36 Interpersonal Comm.
Refers to Content and Relationship -In any two communications, the
content dimension may be the same, but the relationship dimension
may be different (or vice versa). Ex. The judge may say to the
lawyer: You better see me immediately. May I please see you as soon
as possible? = Same content, different relationship. Slide 37
Interpersonal Comm. Refers to Content and Relationship Another
example: A daughter might say to her parents: May I go away this
weekend? May I use the car tonight? = Different content, same
relationship. Slide 38 Interpersonal Comm. Refers to Content and
Relationship He: Im going bowling tomorrow. The guys at the plant
are starting a team She: Why cant we ever do anything together? He:
We can do something together anytime; tomorrows the day theyre
organizing the team. Slide 39 Interpersonal Comm. Refers to Content
and Relationship *Research has found that men generally focus more
on the content while women focus more on the relationship
dimensions of communication. How would you adjust their responses
to include added sensitivity to each other? Slide 40 Interpersonal
Comm. Refers to Content and Relationship He: The guys at the plant
are organizing a bowling team. Id sure like to be on the team.
Would it be a problem if I went to the organizational meeting
tomorrow? She: That sounds great, but I was hoping we could do
something together. He: How about you meet me at Joes Pizza, and we
can have dinner after the meeting? She: That sounds great. Im dying
for pizza. Slide 41 Interpersonal Comm. Refers to Content and
Relationship He: The guys at the plant are organizing a bowling
team. Id sure like to be on the team. Would it be a problem if I
went to the organizational meeting tomorrow? She: That sounds
great, but I was hoping we could do something together. He: How
about you meet me at Joes Pizza, and we can have dinner after the
meeting? She: That sounds great. Im dying for pizza. -Although
focused on content, he is aware of the relationship dimensions and
include both in his comments by acknowledging their partnership,
asking her feelings, and expressing his desire rather than his
decision. -She focuses on the relationship dimension but also
acknowledges his content. -He responds to the relationship aspect
without abandoning his desire to join the team and incorporates it.
-She responds to both messages, approving of his joining the team
and their dinner date. Slide 42 Ethics in Interpersonal
Communication Here are a few communication situations that raise
ethical issues. Consider each of these five situations how do you
respond? Question [A friend asks your opinion]: How do I look?
Thought: You look terrible but I don't want to hurt your feelings.
Question [A romantic partner asks]: Do you love me? Thought: You
don't want to commit yourself but you don't want to end the
relationship either. You want to allow the relationship to progress
further before making any commitment. Slide 43 Ethics in
Interpersonal Communication Question [An interviewer asks]: You
seem a bit old for this type of job. How old are you? Thought: I am
old for this job but I need it anyway. I don't want to turn the
interviewer off because I really need this job. Yet, I don't want
to reveal my age either. Question [A parent asks]: Did my son (15
years old) tell you he was contemplating suicide? OR Is my daughter
(22 years old) taking drugs? Thought: Yes, but I promised I
wouldn't tell anyone.
