Intro1 M14 Short-Topics

Chapter 14

Short Topics

Training Manual

Chapter 14 – Short Topics

OverviewIN

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• In this chapter, we will present some general tips and “tricks” on how to use ANSYS more efficiently O

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February 7, 2006Inventory #002268

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A. Toolbar and AbbreviationsIN

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• An abbreviation is a short-cut to commonly used functions. It is a character string that represents one or more ANSYS commands. O

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• Whenever you define an abbreviation, it appears as a button in the ANSYS Toolbar, giving you one-button access to the desired function. O

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• There are five predefined abbreviations when you first start ANSYS, but you can modify them or add your own — up to 100 total abbreviations

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total abbreviations.

Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1


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Training Manual


…Toolbar and AbbreviationsIN

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• As an example, to display line numbers on a line plot, you would need to do the following:

Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Numbering > Line numbers On > OK

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– Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Numbering… > Line numbers On > OK– Utility Menu > Plot > Lines

Later, to turn off line numbers, you would have to use the same menus again

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again.

• Instead, you could define three abbreviations:– LINE_ON for the command string *ABBR,LINE_ON,/pnum,line,on

LINE OFF f *ABBR LINE OFF / li ff

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– LINE_OFF for *ABBR,LINE_OFF,/pnum,line,off– LPLOT for the command string *ABBR,LPLOT,lplot

and simply press the appropriate combinations of buttons in the toolbar to turn line numbering on or off For example hit followed by to


turn line numbering on or off. For example, hit followed by to turn line numbering on and display a line plot.


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• The following information is needed for an abbreviation:– The short-cut name

The command string it represents To find out the command for a particular

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– The command string it represents. To find out the command for a particular function, first execute the function using the GUI, then list the log file (Utility Menu > List > Files > Log File).

• Use the *ABBR command to define abbreviations:

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Use the ABBR command to define abbreviations:

– *ABBR, name, command_string

A convenient dialog box is available for this: NSYS

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A convenient dialog box is available for this:– Utility Menu > MenuCtrls > Edit Toolbar…– or Utility Menu > Macro > Edit Abbreviations…



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• Abbreviations are stored in the standard ANSYS database, so they get saved to the .db file when you save the database. O

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• You can also write abbreviations to an ASCII file, jobname.abbr:– Utility Menu > MenuCtrls > Save Toolbar…– or Utility Menu > Macro > Save Abbr

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or Utility Menu > Macro > Save Abbr…– or ABBSAV command

• To restore abbreviations from a file, use: NSYS

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– Utility Menu > MenuCtrls > Restore Toolbar…– or Utility Menu > Macro > Restore Abbr…– or ABBRES command Part 1

Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1


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• By creating a series of .abbr files and with a clever use of ABBSAVand ABBRES functions, you can create “nested” toolbars —b tt th t b i ti l t f b tt d t

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buttons that bring up an entirely new set of buttons — and put together a menu of your own!

• Once you master the ANSYS command language, there is virtually ON

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y g g , yno limit to the power and usefulness of abbreviations!

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• Demo:– Resume rib.db O

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– Create abbreviations EPLOT, APLOT, LPLOT, KPLOT– Delete KPLOT abbreviation– Save abbreviations to file.abbr, then list the file

Now list the log file and show the ABBSAVE command (This is how

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– Now list the log file and show the ABBSAVE command. (This is how you can find out the commands for a given function.)

– Resume rib.db again– Restore abbreviations from file.abbr and use the buttons N

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B. Start FileIN

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• Whenever you start ANSYS, it reads a start file called start100.ans(or start90.ans, start81.ans, etc. depending on ANSYS revision). O

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• You can include any commands in the start file. The most common ones are abbreviation definitions. O

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• ANSYS checks for the start file first in the working directory and then in your home directory. If no file is found, it will read the “default” start file in the ANSYS apdl directory (..\v100\ansys\apdl).

Th “d f lt” t t fil t i l t d bb i ti ll f

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– The “default” start file contains several suggested abbreviations, all of them commented out. You can make a copy of it and “uncomment” the ones you want to use.



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Training Manual


C. APDLIN

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• APDL is an acronym for ANSYS Parametric Design Language, a powerful scripting language that allows you to parameterize your

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model and automate common tasks.

• Using APDL, you can:– input model dimensions, material properties, etc. in terms of

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input model dimensions, material properties, etc. in terms of parameters rather than numbers.

– retrieve information from the ANSYS database, such as a node location or maximum stress.perform mathematical calculations among parameters including

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– perform mathematical calculations among parameters, including vector and matrix operations.

– define abbreviations (short cuts) for frequently used commands or macros. Part 1


– create a macro to execute a sequence of tasks, with if-then-else branching, do-loops, and user prompts.


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Training Manual


D. Defining ParametersIN

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• To define a parameter, use the format

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Name=Value– Can be typed in the input window or in

the Scalar Parameters dialog (Utility Menu > Parameters > Scalar Parameters...) O

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– Name is the parameter name, thirty-two alphanumeric characters or less.

– Value may be a number, a previously defined parameter a mathematical N

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defined parameter, a mathematical function, a parametric expression, or a character string (enclosed in single quotes).Can be kept in start## ans file for


– Can be kept in start##.ans file for commonly used parameters, such as PI = acos(-1)


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...Defining ParametersIN

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• Examples:inrad=2.5 g=386 O

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outrad=8.2numholes=4thick=outrad-inrade=2 7e6

massdens=density/gcircumf=2*pi*radarea=pi*r**2dist=sqrt((y2 y1)**2+(x2 x1)**2)

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e=2.7e6density=0.283bb=cos(30)pi=acos(-1)

dist=sqrt((y2-y1) 2+(x2-x1) 2)slope=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)theta=atan(slope)jobname=‘proj1’ N

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p ( ) j p j



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See *SET command for a list of valid function

Training Manual



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• The examples above are scalar parameters, which have a single value — either numeric or character. O

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• ANSYS also supports array parameters, which have multiple values. Both numeric and character arrays are available. Array parameters will not be discussed in this course. O

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28 7 j b1

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28.7-9.2-2.151.0

xvalues =

job1job2job3job4

filnam = Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1

0.0 jjob5


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Some naming rules:

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• Parameter names must be thirty-two characters or less, beginning with a letter.

• Only letters, numbers, and the underscore character are ON

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• Avoid underscore _ as starting character… reserved for ANSYS use

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use.

• Names are not case-sensitive, i.e, “RAD” and “Rad” are the same. All parameters are internally stored in capital letters. Part 1

Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1• Avoid common ANSYS labels such as STAT, DEFA, and ALL.


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Training Manual


E. Using ParametersIN

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• To use a parameter, simply enter its name in the appropriate field in the dialog box or on the command. O

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• For example, to define a rectangle using the parameters w=10 and h=5,

– you can use the menu: ON

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you can use the menu:Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Area > Rectangle > By 2 Corners

– or commands: NSYS

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/prep7blc4,,,w,h



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...Using ParametersIN

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Note:

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• Whenever you use parameters, ANSYS immediately substitutes their values.

The rectangle in the previous example is stored as a 10x5 area, ON

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g p p ,not as w x h. That is, if you change the value of w or h aftercreating the rectangle, the area will NOT be updated.

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...Using ParametersIN

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• Other examples of using parameters:jobname=‘proj1’ O

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/filnam,jobname ! Jobname/prep7youngs=30e6 O

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y gmp,ex,1,youngs ! Young’s modulusforce=500fk,2,fy,-force ! Force at KP 2 N

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yfk,6,fx,force/2 ! Force at KP 6



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F. Retrieving Database InformationIN

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• To retrieve information from the database and assign it to a parameter, use the *GET command or Utility Menu > Parameters > G t S l D t

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Get Scalar Data...

• A vast amount of information is available, including model and results data. Refer to the *GET command description for details. O

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...Retrieving Database InformationIN

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• Examples:*get,x1,node,1,loc,x ! x1 = X coordinate of node 1 [CSYS]* O

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/post1*get,sx25,node,25,s,x ! sx25 = X stress at node 25 [RSYS]**get,uz44,node,44,u,z ! uz44 = UZ displacement at node 44 [RSYS]*nsort s eqv ! Sort nodes by von Mises stress

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nsort,s,eqv ! Sort nodes by von Mises stress*get,smax,sort,,max ! smax = maximum of last sortetable,vol,volu ! Store element volumes as volssum ! Sum all element table columns N

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*get,totvol,ssum,,vol ! totvol = sum of vol column

*CSYS = In the active coordinate system (CSYS) Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1

RSYS = In the active results coordinate system (RSYS)


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• Some data can be retrieved with a get function.

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Examples:x1=nx(1) ! x1 = X coordinate of node 1 [CSYS]*nn=node(2.5,3,0) ! nn = node at or near (2.5,3,0) [CSYS]*/post1

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/post1ux25=ux(25) ! ux25 = UX at node 25 [RSYS]*temp93=temp(93) ! temp93 = temperature at node 93width=distnd(23,88) ! width = distance between nodes 23 & 88 N

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SYS ---PPPPart 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1*CSYS = In the active coordinate system (CSYS)

RSYS = In the active results coordinate system (RSYS)


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• You can use a get function directly in a field, just like a parameter. For example: O

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k,10,kx(1),ky(3) ! KP 10 at X of KP 1, Y of KP 3 [CSYS]*k,11,kx(1)*2,ky(3) ! [CSYS]*f,node(2,2,0),fx,100 ! FX force at node(2,2,0) [CSYS]* O

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*CSYS = In the active coordinate system (CSYS)

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G. Batch ModeIN

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• In batch mode, ANSYS reads commands from an input file you supply, and writes responses to an output file. The process runs i th b k d f i t f th k

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in the background, freeing up your computer for other work.

• Of the three main phases of an analysis — preprocessing, solution, postprocessing — the solution phase is best suited for O

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, p p g pbatch mode. Thus a batch input file could be as simple as:

/batchresume,... ! Resume database from preprocessing session N

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/solusolvefinish Part 1



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H. Input filesIN

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• ANSYS is a command-driven program and can accept commands from several sources:

f GUI di l b ( hi h i l “ d” d t ANSYS

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– from GUI dialog boxes (which simply “send” commands to ANSYS when you press OK or Apply)

– from the keyboard– from input files O

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• An efficient way to run ANSYS, especially when you are rerunninga previous analysis, is to use input files containing the desired command sequence: N

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command sequence:– Utility Menu > File > Read Input from…– or the /INPUT command


(The start file is just an input file that is automatically read at start-up by a built-in /input command.)

• The path of the input file can have a maximum length of 250


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• The path of the input file can have a maximum length of 250 characters (path and filename) plus an eight character extension

Training Manual


…Input filesIN

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• For example, you can create a file called rectangle.inp containing the following lines: O

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/prep7 ! Enter preprocessorrect,0,3,0,1 ! Create a 3x1 rectangleaplot O

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and then read it into ANSYS:/input,rectangle,inp ! or File > Read Input from…

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• The ! character above indicates a comment and can be used to:– annotate the input file with explanations.– “comment out” an entire command. Part 1

Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1Part 1• Note: Cutting and pasting commands into the Input window is

NOT a supported feature.


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…Input filesIN

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• When an input file ( or a macro ) is executed in the wrong module, repeated warnings occur. Upon encountering five such warnings

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a dialog box appears allowing you to stop and exit cleanly.

• You can use the log file jobname.log as an input file. Keep in mind the following points when you do this: O

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g p y– The log file records all commands executed during an ANSYS session.– Always use a copy of the log file, don’t just rename it.– It may be helpful to edit the copy first and: N

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• add descriptive comments• “clean it up” by removing erroneous commands and graphics

commands (/view, /focus, /dist, etc.)add prompting commands (*ASK)


• add prompting commands (*ASK)


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…Input filesIN

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The *ASK Command

*ASK t th f i t d i th t

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• *ASK prompts the user for input and assigns the response to a parameter. For example, you can modify rectangle.inp as follows:

/prep7 ! Enter preprocessor*ask w WIDTH OF RECTANGLE 3

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ask,w,WIDTH OF RECTANGLE,3rect,0,w,0,1 ! Create a wx1 rectangleaplot

Wh i t thi fil i t ANSYS ill th t

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When you input this file into ANSYS, you will see the prompt shown below. Your response, say 5.2, is assigned to the parameter w, which is used in the subsequent RECT command.



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…Input filesIN

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• *ASK, Par, Query, DVAL– Par is the parameter name to which the response value is assigned. O

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– Query is the prompt string, up to 32 characters. The word ENTER automatically appears as the first word of the prompt.

– DVAL is the default value assigned to Par if the response is blank. ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

ANN

SYS N

SYS N

SYS ---PPPN

SYS N

SYS N



14-27

Training Manual


I. Session EditorIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

O

• Session Editor– Powerful ANSYS “Undo” O

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIO

– ANSYS keeps a running copy of your log file from your last save command.

– By modifying the values in the Session Editor window and clicking OK, the modified commands O

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

N

g ,are read back into ANSYS.

– Main Menu > Session Editor…

NSYS

NSYS

NSYS ---PPP

NSYS

NSYS

NSYS ---PPPPart 1



14-28

Training Manual


SummaryIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

O

Summary:

D fi t i th f t N V l

yO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIO

• Define parameters using the format Name=Value.

• Value may be a number, a previously defined parameter, a mathematical function, a parametric expression, or a character O

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

N

, p p ,string.

• Use *GET or get functions to retrieve data from the ANSYS database

NSYS

NSYS

NSYS ---PPP

NSYS

NSYS

NSYS ---PPP

database.

• ANSYS stores data in their actual form (numbers or strings), not in the form of parameter names. Part 1



14-29

Training Manual


J. WorkshopsIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

OIN

TRO

INTR

O

• Refer to your Workshop Supplement for instructions on:W14A Abbreviations O

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIOO

DU

CTIO

OD

UC

TIO

W14B 2-D Bracket Using Parameters

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

AN

ON

TO A

NO

N TO

ANN

SYS N

SYS N

SYS ---PPPN

SYS N

SYS N



14-30

Documents

Intro1 M14 Short-Topics