Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

Introduction and Cell Organization

1. Microbiology (p 13 ff)

A. Bacteriology C. Mycology

B. Virology D. Protozoology

2. Eukaryotic Cells (Chapter 4)

A. Cellular Organization

i. Eukaryotic Review (pp 98-105)

a. Plasma Membrane (p. 100)

• Integral Proteins

b. Membrane Transport

• Endocytosis* Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

• Phagocytosis and Lysosomes (p. 104)

1. Pseudopodia form

around food

Phagosome

Phagolysosome

Exocytosis

Lysosome

c. Ribosome

• 60S and 40S Ribosomal Subunits

d. Protein Synthesis

• Transcription and Translation

Transcription TranslationDNA mRNA Proteins

e. Protein Synthesis for Storage and Secretion• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum• Transport Vesicles• Golgi Complex (Apparatus)• Various Vesicles

f. Mitochhondria (pp. 104 - 105)

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

CH2OH

OH

OH

OH

O

+ O2

CO2 + H2O

ADP + P

Cellular WorkCellular Respiration

ATP Amino Acids

Protein

g. Cilia

• Bordetella pertussis ( “whooping cough”)

3. Prokaryotic Cells (pp 77 - 97)

A. Chromosome

B. Ribosomes

i. 30s and 50s Ribosomal Subunits

a. (Eukaryotic Cells: 40s and 60s)

C. Flagella

i. Chemotaxis

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

ii. Divisions -

a. Monotrichous

b. Amphitrichous

c. Lophotrichous

d. Peritrichous

D. Cell Inclusions (Inclusion Bodies) (p. 95)

• Rabies

E. Cell Wall (pp. 85 - 87)

i. Function

ii. Structure

a. Peptidoglycan

* N-acetylglucosamine ( )

* N-acetylmuramic acid ( )

* “Cross Bridges” ( )

b. Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria (See figure 4.13, p. 86)

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

* Lysozyme

* Penicillin

F. Capsule (pp. 79-81)

i Glycocalyx

ii Unorganized Glycocalyx (Slime Layer)

a. Examples

• Streptococcus pneumoniae ( Pneumonia)

• Bacillus anthracis ( Anthrax)

iii Organized Glycocalyx (Rigid Layer)

a. Examples

• Streptococcus mutans ( Dental Caries)

G. Fimbriae (pp. 83-84)

• Neisseria gonorrhoeae

H. Plasmids (p. 95)

I. Pili (see also, figure 8.25 and 26) (pp. 83-84)

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

• Conjugation

• F+ and F-

J. Endospores (pp. 96 - 98)

• Sporulation or Sporogenesis

• Germination

• Clostridium botulinum ( Botulism)

• Bacillus anthracis ( Anthrax)

K. DNA

4. Morphology of Bacteria (pp 78-80)

A. Coccus

i. Coccus

ii. Diplococci

a. Neisseria gonorrhea ( Gonorrhea)

iii. Streptococci

a. Streptococcus mutans ( Dental Caries)

iv. Staphylococci

a. Staphylococcus aureus ( Skin Infections)

B. Bacillus

i. Bacillus

a. Bacillus anthracis ( Anthrax)

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

ii. Streptobacilli

C. Spiral

i. Vibrios

a. Vibrio cholerae ( Cholera)

ii. Spirochetes

a. Endoflagella

b. Treponema pallidum ( Syphilis)

c. Borrelia burgdorferi ( Lyme Disease)

5. Intermicrobial Relationships (Symbiosis)

A. Mutualism

• Intestinal Flora

B. Commensalism

• Bacterial Flora on Skin

C. Synergism

• Trench Mouth

D. Parasitism

• Borrelia burgdorferi ( Lyme Disease)

6. Overview of Organisms

A. Typical Bacteria

B. Atypical Organisms

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

i. Rickettsiae

a. Rickettsia rickettsiae ( Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)

b. Rickettsiae burnettii ( Q Fever)

ii. Clamydiae

a. Chlamydia psittaci ( Psittacosis)

iii. Mycoplasmas

a. Mycoplasma pneumoneae ( Atypical Pneumonia)

E. Cyanobacteria

F. Protozoa

G. Fungi

i. Yeasts

a. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ii. Molds

a. Penicillium chrysogenum ( makes penicillin)

H. Algae

i. Diatoms

ii. Dinoflagellates ( Red Tide)

I. Viruses

7. Nomenclature - Binomial nomenclature.

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Microbiology Student Outline – Introduction and Cell Organization

• Yersinia pestis or Yersinia pestis

• Escherichia coli or Escherichia coli

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