Introduction:Introduction:

Essence of tourism phenomenon

What composes the essence of the tourism phenomenon?

Culture and arts – food, souvenir, folk performance, festivals, customs, etc.

Heritage and tradition – development history, the past, life style, etc.

Modernity and fashion – the changing face, the fashion glamour, the architecture style, etc.

Leisure and recreation – amusement parks, nightclubs, etc.

Environment and natural resources – Mai Po Mangrove Trees Natural Reserve, outlaying islands, etc.

Geography? Sociology? Anthropology? Psychology? etc?

Movement, interaction, relationship of people from difference places

TOURISM IS

COLOUR OF LIFE COLOUR OF LIFE

it reflects various aspects of

the CULTURE

of a society

What is associated with tourism business?

Catering services (food and beverage)

Hotels (accommodation)

Airlines, buses, cruise ship, etc (transportation)

The Peak, markets and fishing villages, natural reserves, etc. (attractions and sightseeing)

Souvenirs, arts and crafts, fashion clothes, etc. (retail business of various kinds)

Hospitality (host’s attitude, service, smile, etc.???)

It’s tourist dollars:

A PILLAR ofour economy!

So, tourism is both a socio-cultural

and economic phenomenon!

GEOG2056 Tourism and the Shrinking World

#1.2 Geography and Cross-disciplinary Approaches to Tourism Studies

Lecture Objectives:Lecture Objectives:introduce the spatial system of tourism

examine the range & contents of tourism geography

review cross-disciplinary nature of tourism study

References

Mill, R. C & Morrison, A. M. (2006) The Tourism System Dubuque, Iowa, U.S.A.: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company (Chapter 15)

Belén Gómez Martín, M. (2005). Weather, Climate and Tourism: a Geographical Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research 32 (3): 671-591).

The Core of Geographic Study

Place

Space

Time

humans and,

environment

THE SPATIAL SYSTEM OF TOURISM

Please refer to your text book (Mill & Morrison 2006, pp. 364)Please refer to your text book (Mill & Morrison 2006, pp. 364)

What are the 3 major elements of tourism system?

TouristPlace: origin / demand

Resource Place: destination / supply

Travel industryService: product distribution channel / sale

Effects of geographic conditions on tourism

Tourist(ORIGIN):

- generation- movement- scale- behavior

Resource (DESTINATION)

- formation- value- exploitation

Industry (CHANNEL)

- development within the limit of:

*generating market

* resource * various aspects of the economic geography of the tourism system

Basic terms of tourism geography

Geography of recreation and tourism

Recreation geography

Leisure geography

觀光地理

旅游地理

*It is a study of how tourism activities are geographically constructed and socially and/or economically related

Cross-disciplinary nature of tourism studyCross-disciplinary nature of tourism study

1)Physical geography:

Modeling Tourism Development ProcessResort Life Cycle

Modeling Travel, Transportation & Tourist Behavior

Routing Systems and modes of travel

2) Human/cultural geography and theories

Cultural Geography

Cultural Ecology / Anthropo-geography (hosts vs, guests)

New Cultural Geography

Sense of Place

• Tourism as a part of the larger place experience

Why Travel ? -- The Meaning of Travel

3) Applied Tourism Geography (Public sector)

Government: & Quasi-governmental WorkPublic-oriented Tourism Agencies

• Local, National & Regional Governments• NGOs / Non-Profit Groups - Public-Private Partnerships

Tourism for The Common Good • Relation / impact on community – Public Participation

Community Development• Economic Development

Societal GuidanceRational Planning

• Objective Advice to Elected Decision Makers

Environmental / Natural Resource Management Ecotourism, Adventure Tourism, Outdoor Recreation

4) Applied Tourism Geography (Private sector)

Tourism BusinessesMarketing

• Destination Mix

• Place Perception, Motivations & Behavior models

Tour and Travel Agencies• Product Development - built on Regional Geography