Introduction Physics Motivation Major Milestones Progress in the NICA CDR

21 February 2008 V.Kekelidze, JINR Scientific Council

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Introduction

Physics Motivation

Major Milestones

Progress in the NICA CDR

Progress in the MPD LoI

Organizational aspects

Conclusion

NICANICA / / MPDMPD project preparation status report

V. Kekelidze


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New strategic course of the JINR in particle physics & relativistic heavy ions is based on:

- the development of the home accelerator facility NICA providing relativistic heavy ions & polarized beams

- the relevant scientific program including:

Introduction

Physics of relativistic heavy ions at MPD:study of various phases of strongly interacting matter

& search for the mixed phase & critical end-point

Spin physics of low nucleon systems & nucleon spin structure (at NICA)

Flavour physics: check of the OZI rulestudy of exotic nuclei, search for multiquark states

Innovation projects: radiotherapy technologies, transmutation, etc.


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Collider NICA complex allocation

MPD

225 m

IP2


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A study of hot & dense baryonic matter could provide relevant information on:

in-medium properties of hadrons & nuclear matter equation of state

de-confinement and/or chiral symmetry restoration, - phase transition, mixed phase & critical end-point

the Early Universe evolution & formation of the neutron stars

Physics motivationfor relativistic heavy ions

The MPD experiment is proposed to operate at NICA collider

in collisions of heavy ion (over atomic mass range A = 1-238)

by scanning of the energy region SNN = 3-9 GeV


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Physics motivation

The phase diagram in terms of the reduced energy density

The evolution trajectories calculated with hybrid model o open markers:

QGSM

steps:0.3 fm/c & 0.5 fm/c

• filled markers:evolution within

3D relativistic hydrodynamics

for relativistic heavy ions


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Event-by-event fluctuation in hadron productions (multiplicity, Pt etc.)

HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the systems involving π, K, p, Λ

(possible changes close to the de-confinement point)

Directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons

Multi-strange hyperon production: yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases)

MPD experiment – first stage targets

the effects to be studied on energy & centrality scanning:


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Competitiveness

Fixed target experiments NA61 at SPS CERN and CBM at SIS100/300 GSI

advantages of collider experiments:

possibility to have 4acceptance !

energy scan do not introduce significant variation on critical density of detected

particles Collider experiments running at high energies: STAR & Fenix at RHIC BNL, ALICE at LHC CERN

STAR plans to run at low energies (SNN = 4-9 GeV, for U92+) with limited luminocity (falls down)


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Operation mode

Collider (pp,pd, p(d)A) fixed target (gaseuos)spp = (20+) GeV

Intermediate energy (fixed target):- pp elastic scattering (analyzing powers & correlation coefficients)- meson production in pp near the threshold-pd (3-nucleon forces, analyzing powers & correlation coefficients)

new facility will provide intensive beams of polarized p,d (n)

& different polarization of proton target

Spin physics at NICA

High energy (collider- IP2):-Transversity distribution (Drell-Yann & J/Ψ)-Spin transfer to hyperons


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COMPASS & J-PARK - non direct measurements with polarized target

& not polarized hadron beams

PAX - plans to access transversity via measurement of double polarized asymmetry in Drell-Yan process with antiprotons- luminosity limited by polarized antiprotons

RICH - covers a different (limited) kinematic region of x

Competitive experiments


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2007 -2009 Nuclotron upgrade to Nuclotron-M(incl. d beam (POLARIS) & polarized proton target)

NICA CDR & MPD LoI preparationpreparation of NICA TRD

Major Milestones

2008 -2012 project detailed designintensive R&D works for both NICA & MPD

NICA & MPD parts productioninfrastructure development

2013 – 2014 Commissioning & putting in operation

2010 - 2012 assembly & integrationinfrastructure development


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Progress in the NICA Conceptual Design Report

• New version of CDR is available

• Some parameters of the facility complex are clarified and corrected

• Subproject NUCLOTRON-M was considered & supported by PAC

• New perspectives of project realization are considered taking into account available R&D’s and production technologies

• Next step – preparation of TDR


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Collider NICA working schema

Injector: 2109 ions/pulse of 238U32+ at energy 6 MeV/u

Booster (25Tm): 2 single-turn injectionsstorage of 3.2109 ionse - cooling at 100 MeV/ubunching & acceleration

up to 400 MeV/u

Collider (36 Tm): storage of

15 bunches 1109 ions / ringat 3.5 GeV/u max

e-cooling

Nuclotron-M (36 Tm): injections of one bunch

of 1.1109 ionsacceleration up to

3.5 GeV/u max

2x15 injection cycles


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NUCLOTRON

BOOSTER

Synchrophasotron basement

• two single-turn injections • storage 3×109 of 238U32+

• electron cooling at 100 MeV/u

• acceleration up to 400 MeV/u

• extraction & stripping

Booster (B = 25 Tm, C = 216 m)


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NICA ring parameters

Booster Nuclotron-M Collider

Ring circumference, m 216 251.52 225

Injection energy, MeV/u 6 400 1000 - 3500

Final kinetic energy, MeV/u 400 1000 - 3500 1000 - 3500

Magnetic rigidity, Tm 2.4 - 25 8.2 - 36 14 - 36

Bending radius, m 14 22 9

Magnetic field, T 0.17 – 1.8 0.37 – 1.64 1.56 – 4

Number of dipole magnets 40 96 24

Number of quadrupoles 48 64 32

Magnetic field ramp time, s 2.65* 1.27 >25

dB/dt, T/s 1 1 0

RF harmonics number 4 / 1 1 90

RF frequency range, MHz 0.6 – 1 0.857 – 1.17 105 – 117

RF voltage, kV 4 15** 100

Residual gas pressure (equivalent for N at room t0), Torr

10-11 10-8 10-10


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UNK dipole magnets (NICA collider)

• UNK magnet (6T)

technology is available

•This magnet could be considered as a

prototype for NICA collider magnets


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Collider NICA major parameters

Ring circumference, m 225

Interaction points 2

Beta function at interaction point *, m

0.5

Momentum spread (rms) 0.001

Bunch length, m 0.3

Particle number per bunch 109

Bunch number 15

Ion kinetic energy, E[GeV/u], min/max

1/3.5

Luminosity, L [cm-2s-1], average 1027


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Progress in the MPD Letter of Intent

• The first LoI version is available • MPD conceptual design is proposed with an acceptance close to 4

• Major parts of the detector are based on the known technologies & R&D’s

• Alternative solutions are indicated for some of the subdetectors

• Rough estimation of the cost is presented


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longitudinal (z-axis) space limited by ~ 800 cm between collider optics

radial scale limited by engineering problems & cost

(R < 200 cm)

Initial constrains:

MPD – conceptual design

Solution:

compact solenoid with major parts of detector working in the magnetic

field

design of superconducting magnet with closed yoke geometry

to provide homogeneous magnetic field


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General View



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Major tracker - TPC

+ Inner Tracker - silicon strip detector / micromegas chamber

for tracking close to the interaction region

+ Outer Tracker straw barrel (optional)

Time Of Flight RPC (+ start/stop sys.) for charged particle ID

ECAL shashlyk type - for e, , 0 reconstruction

MPD MPD Barrel part

tracking, precise momentum measurement &particle ID in the region -1 < <1


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Inner Tracker - MMGC (optional)

Number of double mesh chambers: 32

Covered area: 3,2 m2

N of RO channels: 20000


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End Cap Tracker Straw Wheels (stereo radial)

Beam Beam Counters for centrality determination & reconstruction of the interaction point

+ start /stop system for ToF

Zero Degree Calorimeter for centrality determination, measurement of fluctuations

MPD MPD End-Cap parts

for tracking & momentum measurement at | >1 + reaction plane determination


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ECT straw wheels

occupancy /straw < 15 %

Carbon inner ring

Carbon outer ring

straw

Carbon inner ring

Carbon outer ring

straw


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ECT straw wheel

Stereo wheel construction:

each stereo wheel contains4 layers of radial straws with different orientation


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ECT straw wheel

Number of track hits = f(R)

is related to reconstruction efficiency

Pseudorapidity correlation with track hit numbers


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Towards 4 acceptance:to cover a wide pseudorapidity

range


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Pseudorapidity spectra

Observables


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Track reconstruction efficiency

TPC

ECT ECT

ECT complements TPC to extend pseudorapidity range


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DAQ & Computing

events ~2 10 10

disk space 10 000 TB PC’s ~ 1800L1 TTC

L2CTP

L0

DRE

LDC

DAQ NETWORK

DRE

LDC

DRE

LDC

GDC GDC GDC

TPC80 000ch4.5 GB/s

MICROMEGAS50 000 ch3 MB/s

ZDC300 ch55 MB/s

BBC78 ch

RPC27 600 ch20 MB/s

EMC41 700 ch70 MB/s

STRAW82 000 ch120 MB/s

MICROSTRIP215 500 ch3 MB/s

DDL

Au+Au6 000 ev/s

10 GbE

10 GbE

L1 TTC

L2CTP

L0

DRE

LDC

DAQ NETWORK

DRE

LDC

DRE

LDC

GDCGDC GDCGDC GDCGDC

TPC80 000ch4.5 GB/s

MICROMEGAS50 000 ch3 MB/s

ZDC300 ch55 MB/s

BBC78 ch

RPC27 600 ch20 MB/s

EMC41 700 ch70 MB/s

STRAW82 000 ch120 MB/s

MICROSTRIP215 500 ch3 MB/s

DDL

Au+Au6 000 ev/s

10 GbE

10 GbE

FEDL FEDL FEDLTRQ TRQ TRQ

DTTC

TTCL0DDL

READOUT CARD

FEC FEC FEC

FEDL FEDL FEDLTRQ TRQ TRQ

DTTC

TTCL0DDL

READOUT CARD

FEC FEC FEC


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Engineering + auxiliaries

Require essential reconstruction of the intersection area to provide access for works & for necessary auxiliaries


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Cost Estimation in k$(very preliminary)

Magnet - 3 138TPC - 9 500IT (SSD /MM) - 3 600 / 750OT - 4 000TOF - 4 000ECAL (shashlyk / crystal) - 5 624 / 14 356ECT - 7 900BBC - 390TDAQ - 3 000ZDC - 598Slow Control - 280Computing - 1 460Engineering - 2 000_________________ _________Total 41 490


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The project Coordination Committee led by A.N.Sissakian is successfully working since 2007. The committee is represented by project leaders & known scientists from the Russian, US & European centers

NICA/MPD Center (director – A.S.Sorin) was organized in the framework of the LHE to concentrate efforts on main directions of the project preparation


A new Scientific-Technical council of LHE with the representatives from different accelerator centers was actively working in 2007 to provide a regular expertise of the NICA/MPD project preparation

Two round tables were carried out (the 3-rd one will be in June ‘08) for project comprehensive review by international team of experts


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An essential reorganization of the JINR structure has started for the creation of new laboratory (perm. staff ~820 incl. accel. div.)

- Veksler Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics

aimed to concentrate the resources (manpower, financial & infrastructural) on the realization of ambitious scientific program:

- the construction of modern accelerator complex

NICA - to carry out frontier researches in relativistic

heavy ions & particle physics


A new accelerator division (staff ~ 350) led by G.V.Trubnikov is organized in 2007 by joining the LPP & LHE corresponding staff. This division took responsibility on the existing accelerator projects, maintenance of Nuclotron runs, preparation of the NICA project (incl. Nuclotron-M), corresponding R&D & power infrastructure.


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A special grant was allocated & used in 2007 for the project preparation & acquisition of necessary equipment for Nuclotron-M

A dedicated grant is allocated in 2008 for the works on Nuclotron-M, R&D’s for NICA and MPD, TDR preparation,

infrastructure development


Resources


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Internal Beams

ETA-NUCLEI, DELTA-2, LNS

External beams

ALPOM, BECQUEREL, DELTA-SIGMA, ENERGY & TRANSMUTATION, FAZA-3, GAMMA-2, GIBS, MARUSYA, NIS, KRISTAL, TPD, STRELA,

Med-Nuclotron, Radiobiological investigations

Present International Cooperation

related to Nuclotron Users


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Recent meetings of the JINR director Prof. A.N.Sissakian with the leaders of Russian and European scientific centers (INR RAS, IHEP, INR MSU, GSI, CERN, Helmholtz association and others) are resulted in expression of common interests in cooperation around the NICA project


Towards a wide international cooperation

The dedicated workshops took places: - in Dubna (Nov. ’07) with the CBM collaboration representatives, deciding to create a consortium for the silicon vertex detector development & production – in Protvino (Feb. ’08) with IHEP, expressing an interest to participate in NICA / MPD project preparation


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MPD Collaboration


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Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NASUk Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF Institute of Allied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova

__________///________ open for extension

MPD – Collaboration

At first approximation - all sub-detectors could be designed & constructed at JINR

based on the existing expertise & infrastructure

some sub-detectors could have alternative designs in order to provide possibility for potential collaborators to

substitute/accomplish corresponding groups in future

Your participation is highly Your participation is highly appreciated !appreciated !


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The JINR strategic plans in HEP is well defined & include the accelerator complex development

& relevant scientific program realizationin the framework of

- the flagship project NICA / MPD

ConclusionsConclusions

the corresponding NICA CDR& MPD LoI have been completed & are available

the project I stage (Nuclotron-M) has started,its successful realization has a principal importance for critical appreciation of the proposed plans


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R&D works for NICA & MPD& a partial infrastructure development are supported by necessary resources& are strengthened by the structural

reorganization

The organization of wide dedicated The organization of wide dedicated cooperationcooperation

is a high priority task ! is a high priority task !

The Proposed Physics program in both parts- relativistic heavy ions

- & spin physicsis competitive & attractive

Conclusions Conclusions (cont.)


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Did you already join Did you already join NICA / MPD Collaboration ?NICA / MPD Collaboration ?


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The large tree grows from the small one.The 1000 le trip starts from the first step.

Dao de Tsin, VI-V BC

Thank you !


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Spare


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Schedule of polarization studies

Polarized proton target

Polarized proton target

ALPOM

Delta 2

TENSOR

NO

VECTOR

neutrons & protons

deuterons

LNS, pHe3

STRELA

LNS, pHe3Internaltarget

“S P D”

Polarized nucleons

61010 10 75“P O L A R I S”

109876 1010101010

dpol

deuteron beamintensity, 1/sec

nucleon beamintensity, 1/sec


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Basic Equipment for ”Spin Physics” (polarization of few nucleon systems & NN interaction):

Source of Polarized Deuterons (CIPIOS based)for Nuclotron / NICA complex

1. SPD assembly2. Extraction block3. Spin-precessor4. Pre-accelerator tube5. High voltage terminal 6. Supply rack

must be in operation in 2 years

It will provide 1010

per pulse polarized deuterons fromNuclotron-M


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Physics motivation


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~ 450

First stage of simulation based on UrQMD & GEANT4in the framework of MPD-Root shell:

Au+Au collisions with total energy of 4.5 + 4.5 AGeV Central interaction within b: 0 – 3 fm Minimum bias within b: 0 – 15.8 fm Collision rate at L=1027 cm-2s-1: ~ 6 kHz

Observables

all

B=0

<P>= 0.4 GeV/c

central collision |η| < 1, p >100 MeV/ccharged particle multiplicity (primary) momentum spectrum


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Charged particles Multiplicity

Observables


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Relative yield of Charged kaons

Observables


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Elliptic flow, v2

Observables


51limited by collider optics

2700


basic geometry preliminary

Defined as a compromise between:

-TOF requirement-tracker resolution

- magnetic field formation - the cost


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Magnenic field

superconducting solenoidal magnet

magnetic field 0.5 T

cryostat inner radius ~ 1.5 m (region available for the detector)

iron yoke is used to form a homogeneous magnetic

field

color step 5 Gauss (~1 pm) - good homogeneity

feasible for TPC


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Magnetic field



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EE

400 V / cm

field cage

High Voltage electrode~ 25 kV

~80 000 readout channels

12 readoutChambers

Electric Field ~ 200 v/cm

Rout=110 cm

Rin=20 cm

TPC – major tracker


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specification (preliminary)Outer radius ~ 110 cmInner radius

20 cmDrift length ~135 cmNumber of sections (each side) 12Total number of readout chambers 24 (12 – each side)Drift time ~ 20-30 sMultiplicity for charged particles (central collision) ~ 500Total pad/channels number ~ 80000dE/dx resolution ~ 6% (50 samples x 2cm)Special resolution ( x R x z) 3 x 0.4 x 3 mmMaximal rate 10 kHz

TPC – major tracker


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Complementary detector for track precise reconstruction

in the region close to the interaction piont

Cylindrical geometry (4 layers) covering the interaction region ~ 50 cm along the

beam axis

Inner Tracker (silicon strips)

35 cm

Possible contribution to dE/dx measurements

for charged particles


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12 x 2 (R+L) double modulesoccupancy ~ 4%for segmented straw with the lengths: 330mm (central), 500 mm & 700 mm

FEE

FEE

70 50 33

FEE

FEE

70 50 33

OuterTracker - Straw barrel (optional)

to enhance tracking parameters in |η| < 1


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Time of Flight

TOF Barrel system

TOF detector covers the region |η| < 1 with an acceptance ~ 93% The barrel surface ~ 30 m2 (length 4 m, radius of 1,3 m)The counters are placed in 12 modules, 560 counters in total The total number of readout channels is 27600Time resolution ~ 100 ps


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Distribution of RPCs in the barrel

multigap RPCs distribution in the module box.

the basic element of RPC

multigap RPC counter is 7 cm x 67 cm,

it has 150 pads with size 2.3cm x 2 cm.

Time of Flight


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Specification:

the RPC TOF system looks like barrel

with the length 4 m and radius of 1,3 m.

the barrel surface is about 33 m2

the dimensions of one RPC counter is 7 cm x 100 cm

it has 150 pads with size 2,3cm x 2 cm.

the full barrel is covered by 160 counters

the total number of readout channels is 24000

Time resolution ~ 100 ps

Time of Flight


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Time of Flight track momenta

mass reconstruction for central events


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Κ

πspectr N

NR

Κ

πplot mass N

NR

bluered

Time of Flight

momentum spectra ratios for primary K / particles

no essential bias on momentum

for the separation


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Electromagnetic Calorimeter

0 1.0 2.0 GeV

photon energy spectrum 500 1000 1500 photon multiplicity

(from π0 decay in red)

requires high granularity:average occupancy in barrel for 3x3 cm crystals < 3%

Photons in the barrel


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Electromagnetic Calorimeter

Requirements for 0 reconstruction


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ECAL -Pb- scintillator 10x10 cm2 Module - 18 X0 ~ 30.6 cm

AMPD read-out

ECal Shashlyk


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ECal PbWO4 (optional)

basic element -PbWO4 (3x3x16cm3), wrapped in Tyvek & coated with black tubea light detector is glued onto the outer face of the crystalOne module (24x24x22 cm3) - 64 crystals including light detectors & preamps The module has 0.5 mm thick walls of a folded Al plate fixed to the Al supportIn total 510 modules with 32640 crystals


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Pseudorapidy region: 1.5 4.5 (out of the TPC acceptance)

usable for centrality /min bias triggers

Beam Beam Counter

small tiles - within 12 cm diameter, large tiles x 4 larger .

R= 110 cm

Expected number of charged track accepted vs. impact parameter (Hijing predictions).


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INR RAN

measurement of centrality: b ~ A - Nspect selection of centrality at trigger level

measurement of event-by-event fluctuations to exclude the fluctuation of participants

monitor of beam intensity by detecting

the neutrons from electromagnetic dissociation

εe / εh = 1 - compensated calorimeter

Lead / Scintillator sandwich

Zero Degree Calorimeter


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Full beam intensity. -minimum 16 modules.

Zero Degree Calorimeter

XZ

Beam hole


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Development of radiotherapy methods with proton & heavy ion beams of the Nuclotron

- Biomedical research on the proton & ion beam to develop new methods for oncology diseases therapy

(S.I.Tyutyunnikov, E.A.Krasavin, J.Ruzicka) - Design accelerator facility & beam transport system for medical

therapy (N.N.Agapov, A.D.Kovalenko)- Study of chromosome aberration in human lymphocytes exposed by heavy ions at the Nuclotron (E.A.Krasavin)

Study of transmutation of spent fuel from nuclear power plants (V.M.Golovatyuk, M.I.Krivopustov)

Accelerators for radiation technologies (S.I.Tyutyunnikov)

Micro-pixel (avalanche) photodiodes (Z.Sadygov)

Innovation Projects

Documents

Introduction Physics Motivation Major Milestones Progress in the NICA CDR