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Domestication
The animals : Valued $$$ Breeding is subject to human control Survival depends on humans
Behavior is changed in domestication Feed and water is controlled!
DomesticationSpecie When Where Why
Dog 14,000 Years Ago. Old World Companionship
Sheep 10,700 Years Ago. Old World Food, Milk and Clothing
Goat 9,000 Years Ago. Old World Food, Clothing and Milk
Pig 9,000 Years Ago. Old World Food & Sport
Cattle 6,500 Years Ago. Old World Religious Reasons
Chicken 5,500 Years Ago. India Food, Cockfights, Religion
Horse 5,000 Years Ago. Old World Food & Transport
Domestication
Terms: Wild Animal:
Not genetically altered by selective breeding. Exotic Animal:
Wild animal not native to country. Example, not from USA or Canada, etc…
Domestication
Terms: Feral Animal:
A domestic animal that lives in the wild with no human assistance.
Breed: A population of domestic animals, that the
individual may vary in genotype and phenotype.
Historical Perspective
8,000 BC Domestication
776 BC First Olympic Games
334 BC Alexander the Great used Calvary to conquer
1066 AD Stirrups invented
1598 AD Cattle brought into the US by Spanish
1867 AD Cattle Drives to Railroad
Historical Perspective
1884 AD USDA began
1905 AD DHIA was Established(Dairy Records)
1914 AD Extension Service
Homestead Act played a huge part of the livestock industry in the US
•Land was free rather then cheap
Animal Contributions
Food Meat Milk Eggs
Clothing Wool Leather Hair Fur
Power Horse Mules Donkeys, Burrows Oxen
Recreation Pleasure Horses Livestock Show
Competition Rodeo
Animal Science Industry
Dairy Cattle Beef Cattle Sheep Swine Goats Horses Poultry
What is considered Animal Science ? Ostrich & Emu Deer Bison Aquaculture Llamas Rare Breeds Small Animals
Top Producing States Dairy Production Industry
1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Pennsylvania 5. Michigan 6. Idaho
Top Producing States Sheep Production Industry
1. Texas 2. California 3. Wyoming 4. Colorado 5. South Dakota
Top Producing States
Swine Production Industry 1. Iowa 2. North Carolina 3. Michigan 4. Illinois 5. Indiana
Top Producing States
Layers Production Industry 1. California 2. Ohio 3. Indiana 4. Pennsylvania 5. Iowa
Top Producing States-----
Broilers Production Industry 1. Arkansas 2. Georgia 3. Alabama 4. North Carolina 5. Mississippi
Animal Production - General Purebred Producer
Commercial Producers
Farm Herd or Flock
Commercial Feedlot
Direct to Processor
Auction or Market
Terminal Market
Farm Feeding
Gender Terms for Livestock Beef:
Cow – Female that has had offspring Heifer – Female that has never given birth Bull – Male with testicles Steer – Castrated Bull
Gender Terms for Livestock Swine:
Sow – Female that has had offspring Guilt – Female that has never given birth Boar – Male with testicles Barrow – Castrated Boar