INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING ENERGY …152.66.45.150/wordpress/pdf/BuildingServices1/Building_Energy...2017. 11. 16. 7 DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING ENERGETICS AND BUILDING SERVICE ENGINEERING

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INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONAsst. Prof. Dr. Norbert Harmathy

http://www.wallcoo.net/cartoon/3d_commercial_architectural_renderings_02/wallpapers/1920x1200/Commercial%20Building%203D%20Architectural%20Renderings%20CSJZXG_2019.jpg

Budapest University of Technology and Economics

Department of Building Energetics and Building Service Engineering BUILDING SERVICE ENGINEERING 1

Subject contents

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING ENERGETICS AND BUILDING SERVICE ENGINEERING

Norbert Harmathy PhD

Theoretical partPrinciples of building energetics Principles of energy efficiency using simulationOverview of software and calculation methodologyIntegrated and strategic design process

Practical partUnderstanding the basics of a simulation engineCreating a simplified multi-zone modelRunning an energy simulation

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Integrated Design Process

Dr. Magyar Zoltán – Building Services 1, lecture



Building

Energy demandsHuman

interference

Building constructionand materials

Building envelope

Building function: residential, public, industrial etc.

Orientation, shading, exposure

Meteorologicaldata

Urban data

heating

cooling

Electric energy

WaterSolar data

Active / Passive

Operation and maintenance cost

Complex relationsDr. Magyar Zoltán – Building Services 1, lecture



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1 STEP

Creating a multi-disciplinary design team from the first

day, who have adequate knowledge from energy efficiency and

environmental technologies.

2 STEP

The analysis of boundary conditions and the client’s needs,

in order to formulate general goals of the project.

3 STEP

Creating a quality assurance program and quality control

program




4 STEP

At the beginning workshops are organized for all members of

the team during the design process.

5 STEP

Concept Plan Preparation - close cooperation between the

architects and engineers

6 STEP

Quality Control Plan update and energy efficiency

documentation

7 STEP

Preparation of operation and maintenance manual


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• Application: physics, nanotechnology, technical sciences,medicine, biotechnology etc.

• Dynamic simulation is the analysis of a numerical model’s orsystem’s behavior and it’s representation in the function oftime.

• The simulation runs in the function of time intervals, and it’saim is to assess a system’s behavior and functionality in highdetail. It can be used for optimization of processes.

• The system or numerical model are described with complexdifferential equations and mathematical processes.

Dynamic simulation



Building energy simulation defines for a building or group of buildings the utilization of software to predict the energy use of a building.

Application:• Building design: Many modern commercial or residential building codes require minimum

energy performance. Energy modeling can be used to demonstrate compliance, or predict energy consumption of proposed developments.

• Energy retrofit analysis: In conjunction with an energy audit, or deep energy retrofit an energy model can be used to predict savings associated to proposed energy cost measures.

• Life-cycle cost analysis: Comparing different building design alternatives to determine which is the least cost, including capital costs and (at a minimum) energy costs. Sometimes referred to as Total Cost of Ownership analysis.

Dynamic building energy simulation



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Accuracy of building simulation

• There are normally occurring uncertainties in building design and building energy assessment.

• Yezioro, Dong and Leite developed an artificial intelligence approach towards assessing building performance simulation results and found that more detailed simulation tools have the best simulation performance in terms of heating and cooling electricity consumption within 3% of mean absolute error.(Yezioro, A; Dong, B; Leite, F (2008). An applied artificial intelligence approach towards assessing building performance simulation tools. Energy and Buildings 40 (4): 612. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.04.014)




Professional Associations supporting energy modeling:

• International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA)

• American Society of Heating, Refrigration and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE)

• Association of Energy Engineers (AEE)

• Certification: LEED, BREEM

Hungarian TNM regulation 7/2006 prescribes:

Dynamic energy simulation software utilization is encouraged for detailedbuilding energy performance assessment.




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Climatological data

Urban data

Construction and materials

Characteristics of building envelope

Building function

Occupancy intensity

Equipment operation schedule

Internal energy loads:

Occupants

Electric equipment

Electric lighting

Solar radiation

Natural ventilation

HVAC system

Thermal comfort parameters of occupants

Factors which influence building energy performance





Factors which influence building energy performanceIndoor heat sources and heat gains

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OCCUPANTS

Intensity

Activity

Time intervals

ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT

Intensity

Schedules

Time intervals

OCCUPANT SCHEDULES AND INTENSITY

ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT SCHEDULE AND INTENSITY


Annual Sun path

Building orientation

Prevailing winds

Shading

Rem Koolhaas, OMA building, Singaporehttp://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FC-ls9dleIo/VTO9IUJhL0I/AAAAAAABbus/2NS23V5Gak0/s1600/Interlace_Pano1.jpg



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http://media.except.nl/media/cache/uploaded_images/asset_image/San_Francisco_Bay_Terminal_-_Diagram_-_2007_plain_pure_image.jpg

Climatolgical data – Earth’s climate zones



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Climatolgical dataASHRAE climate zones

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1 - Very Hot 2 - Hot 3 - Warm 4 - Mixed 5 - Cool 6 - Cold 7 - Very Cold 8 – Subarctic (Alaska)



Climatolgical dataEU climate zones

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Europe#/media/File:Europe_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.svg



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Climatological data

Meteonorm V7 database

MeteotestGenossenschaft

Bern, Switzerland

Climate data package(time interval 15 min, 1h, 24h)

Mont

hTa G_Gh Td RH G_Dh FF DD IRD

Jan 0.4 46.3 -2.3 81.9 26 2.6 270 271

Feb 2.3 84.5 -1.3 76.8 41.1 2.8 113 274

Mar 7.3 137.7 1.2 65 60.5 3.1 113 291

Apr 12.7 191 5.8 62.7 93.5 2.9 113 313

May 18 241.8 10.9 63.3 105.5 2.4 113 343

Jun 20.8 258.8 14.2 65.9 118.4 2.1 270 356

Jul 22.4 268.5 15.3 64.2 100.2 2.1 293 366

Aug 22.2 226.8 14.9 63.3 98.3 1.9 113 364

Sep 16.9 161.5 11.1 68.6 77.1 2 113 344

Oct 12.6 107.5 8 73.6 58.8 2.3 113 326

Nov 7.1 63 3.7 78.7 35 2.6 113 299

Dec 1.7 38.7 -0.7 83.8 23.2 2.6 270 282

Year 12 152.2 6.7 70.7 69.9 2.5 127 319



Annual solar energy gains per sqmeter [W/m2] Annual cloud coverage in percents

Annual relative humidity



Climatological data

Meteo. station

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Data formats are software dependent:

• Detail

• Calculation method

Climate data formats

More than 35

data formats!

Formats: CSV

TMY2 TMY3

EPW PVSol, PVSyst, Polysun stb.



Model preparation for the simulation

Autodesk Revit, ArchiCAD

Ecotect, Radiance

DesignBuilder

OpenStudio

EnergyPlus

BIM



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BIM technology’s advantage in energy modelling

BIM model incorporates:

Architecture, function, zone division+

Building construction+

Building services, piping, heating and cooling system



Architecture, function, zone division




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Construction Building services




Construction and finishing works




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Basics of energy modelling

• Overview of calculation methods

• Overview of simulation engines

Following



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INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING ENERGY …152.66.45.150/wordpress/pdf/BuildingServices1/Building_Energy...2017. 11. 16. 7 DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING ENERGETICS AND BUILDING SERVICE ENGINEERING