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WHAT DO WE MEAN BY “COMMUNICATION”?

Communication can be defined as the transmission of sound, written symbols (written language), and images.  Today's instantaneous communication is made possible only because of the types of devices we use and the network systems that are in place to carry this information

People to people

People to machine

Machine to people

Machine to machine

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Messages are intended to: Inform – news papers, TV news casts Educate – texts, video, DVD’s, internet. Persuade - advertising Control – machines and tools such as Computer Numeric Control: A

type of programmable control system, directed by mathematical data, which uses microcomputers to carry out various machining operations; such as a mill or lathe.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

All communication systems include a message, a sender, a communication channel, and a receiver.

A communication channel is the path over which a message must travel to get from the sender to the receiver.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Like all systems, communication systems follow the universal systems model.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Inputs: People Information Materials Tools and machines Energy Capital Time

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Processes

OutputsPositive Outputs – The desired result of the system.Negative Outputs – The unwanted results created by the systems. Electromagnetic Radiation Telemarketing Calls Pollution - Old phones, computers, devices, etc.

FeedbackYour response to communications

HISTORY OF COMMUNICATIONS:

Ancient, Classical and Dark Ages (500 000 B.C. - 900 A.D.)

 

Discovery of Fire (c. 500 000 B.C.)

Use of Art to Communicate (c. 100 000 B.C.)

The First Calendar (4241 B.C., Egyptians)

The Invention of the Wheel (3500 B.C., Mesopotamia)

The First Written Language (3200 B.C., Sumerian

MIDDLE AGES, RENAISSANCE AND THE ENLIGHTENMENT (900 - 1800) The Invention of Movable Type (1041, Pi Cheng)

The Invention of the Printing Press (1450, Johannes Gutenburg)

The Adding Machine (1642, Blaise Pascal)

The Development of Binary Notation (1679, Gottfried Wilheim Von Leibniz)

The Invention of the Steam Engine (1698 Thomas Savery)

The First Network of Communication Towers (1790, Claude Chappe)

THE INDUSTRIAL AGE (1800S)

The Invention of the Photograph (1826, Joseph Niepce)

The Development of the Electrical Generator (1831, Michael Faraday)

The Invention of the First Mechanical Computer (1837 Charles Babbage)

The Invention of the Telegraph (1837, Cooke and Wheatstone)

The Development of Morse Code (1843, Samuel Morse)

The Invention of the Telephone (1876, Alexander Graham Bell)

THE MODERN AGE (1900 - 1960)

The First Transatlantic Radio Message (1901, Marconi)

The Invention of the Television (1926, John Logie Baird)

The Invention of the Walkie-Talkie (1938, Al Gross)

The Development of the Electronic Computer ENIAC (1946, Mouchly, Presper, and Eckert)

The Invention of the Transistor (1948, Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley)

The Development of the Integrated Circuit (1959, Jack St. Clair Kilby)

THE INFORMATION AGE (1960 -  PRESENT) The Invention of the First Communications Satellite {Telestar} (1962, Bell

Laboratories)

The Development of the Internet (1968, U.S. Army)

The Introduction of Fiber Optic Communications (1970, Robert Lauren, Donald Kreck, Peter Schultz)

The Invention of the Compact Disk (1970, James T. Russell)

The Invention of the Microprocessor (1971, Marcain Hoff)

HBO Invents Pay-TV Service for Cable (1972, Home Box Office)

The Design and Construction of the Personal Computer (1977, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak)

First Cellular Phone Communication Network Started in Japan (1979)

Sony Walkman Invented (1980)

The Mouse Becomes a Regular Part of Computers (1981)

First Cellular Phone Network Started in the United States (1983) 

American Government Releases Control of the Internet and WWW is Born (1994)

Major U.S. Newspaper Dailies Create National On-line Newspaper Network (1995)

Sony Demonstrates Flat TV Set (1995)

Widespread Computer Glitch, Y2K, Expected with the New Millennium (1999)

Virtual Keyboard Invented (2001, Canesta and VKB)

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Transmission ChannelsCopper Wire: Many older phones consist of two thin insulated copper wires twisted around each other.

Coaxial Cable: Carry many more messages all at once than twisted-pair wire. Consists of an outer tube made of a material that conducts electricity (usually copper). Inside the tube is an insulated central conductor (also copper). Several of these cables are combined into one bundle.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Optical Fibers: thin fibers of pure glass that carry signals in the form of pulses of light. Each optical fiber is surrounded by a reflective cladding and an outside protective coating. The light pulses are converted to electronic signals.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Microwaves can be used to carry phone conversations over long distances. Microwaves are very short electromagnetic waves that travel through the atmosphere and make communication without connecting wires possible.

In cell phones, sound waves are changed into microwaves. They are transmitted using an antenna (sent and received) and converted back to sound waves.