Introduction to Geo.tech. Engineering-Sivakugan

7/27/2019 Introduction to Geo.tech. Engineering-Sivakugan

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SIVA

1

Introduction to Geotechnical

Engineering

N. Sivakugan

ground

Duration: 11 min 56 s


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SIVA Copyright 2001

2

Typical Geotechnical Project

construction site

Geo-Laboratory

~ for testing

Design Office

~ for design & analysissoil properties


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SIVA Copyright 2001

4bed rock

firm

ground

Shallow Foundations

~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground

~ mostly for firm soils or light loads


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Shallow Foundations


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6bed rock

weak soil

Deep Foundations

P

I

L

E

~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground

~ mostly for weak soils or heavy loads


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7

Deep Foundations

Driven timber piles, Pacific Highway



8

Retaining Walls

~ for retaining soils from spreading laterally

Road

Train

retaining

wall



9

Earth Dams

~ for impounding water

soil

reservoir

clay

core shell



10

Concrete Dams

reservoir

soil

concrete dam



Concrete Dams

Three Gorges Dam, Hong Kong



Concrete Dams



Earthworks

Roadwork, Pacific Highway

~ preparing the ground prior to construction



Construction hazard

~ an unwelcome visitor at an earthwork site.

A dead Anaconda python (courtesy: J. Brunskill)

What does it haveto do with Geo?#!



15

Geofabrics

~ used for reinforcement, separation, filtration and

drainage in roads, retaining walls, embankments

Geofabrics used on Pacific Highway



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Reinforced Earth Walls

~ using geofabrics to strengthen the soil



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Soil Nailing

~ steel rods placed into holes drilled into the walls

and grouted



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Sheet Piles

~ sheets of interlockingsteel or timber driven intothe ground, forming a continuous sheet

ship

warehouse

sheet pile



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Sheet Piles

~ resist lateral earth pressures~ used in excavations, waterfront structures, ..


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Sheet Piles

~ used in temporary works


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Sheet Piles

~ interlocking sections


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Cofferdam

~ sheet pile walls enclosing an area, to

prevent water seeping in


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Landslides


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Shoring

propping and supporting the exposed walls to

resist lateral earth pressures


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Tunneling


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Blasting

For ore recovery in mines


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Ground Improvement

Impact Rollerto Compact the Ground


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Ground Improvement

Sheepsfoot Rollerto Compact Clay Soils


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Ground Improvement

Smooth-wheeled Roller


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Ground Improvement

Big weights droppedfrom 25 m, compacting

the ground.

Craters formed in compaction


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Environmental Geomechanics

Waste Disposal in Landfills


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Instrumentation

~ to monitor the performances of earth and

earth supported structures

~ to measure loads, pressures, deformations,

strains,


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Soil Testing

Cone Penetration Test Truck Lavarach Barracks, Townsville


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Soil Testing

Triaxial Test on Soil Sample in Laboratory


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Soil Testing

Variety of Field Testing Devices

S


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Soil Testing

Being Pushed around by my Supervisors

Purdue University, USA

T i l S f F


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Typical Safety Factors

Type of Design Safety

Factor

Probability of

Failure

Earthworks 1.3-1.5 1/500

Retaining

structures

1.5-2.0 1/1500

Foundations 2.0-3.0 1/5000

S h f Ci il E i i


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Some unsung heroes of Civil Engineering

buried right under your feet.

foundations soilexploration

tunneling


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Great Contributors to the Developments

in Geotechnical Engineering


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Karl Terzaghi

1883-1963

C.A.Coulomb

1736-1806

WJM Rankine

1820-1872 A.Casagrande

1902-1981

L. Bjerrum1918-1973 A.W.Skempton1914- G.F.Sowers1921-1996 G.A. Leonards1921-1997

Sivas teacher in USA deserves gold frame


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Geotechnical Engineering Landmarks

L i T f Pi


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Leaning Tower of Pisa

Our blunders become monuments!

H D USA


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Hoover Dam, USA

Tallest (221 m) concrete dam

P t T M l i


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Petronas Tower, Malaysia

Tallest building in the

world

M t


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and.

Monuments


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P ti l


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Practicals

~ five practical sessions~ closed footwear must be worn in the lab

L b t St ff


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Laboratory Staff

Neville Hines & Rudd Rankine

Q i es


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Quizzes

about 4-6, 50 minutes each

open book

How?

Why? to reinforce main points

provides a wake up call

form of assessment

Past CS2005 Grades


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Past CS2005 Grades

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

HD 5 1 1 3 3 0

?

D 4 2 3 2 9 6

C 15 12 6 7 7 2

P 12 8 8 6 10 8

P- 6 0 2 4 1 5

N 12 10 12 14 9 13X 0 0 3 3 3 1

Total 54 33 35 39 42 35

Some Suggestions


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Some Suggestions

Attend the lectures.

Develop a good feel for the subject.

It takes longer to understand

from the lecture notes

It is practical, interesting andmakes lot of sense.

Some Suggestions


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Some Suggestions

Work in groups.


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Exams


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Exams

My mama always said, Exam is like a box

of chocolates; you never know what youare gonna get

Documents

Introduction to Geo.tech. Engineering-Sivakugan