Introduction to Human Settlements and Urban Form Determinants

8/10/2019 Introduction to Human Settlements and Urban Form Determinants

1/84

Fjbgsbd` @. Qde gtfrfife Gydr

Fssgstfet roadssor

Afhukty oa Frhbgtdhturd IG\

BTIFE XD\\KDIDE\XKDH\TZD 6


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3/84

Buife sdttkdidets bfvd fkwfys jdde hrdftdl jy ife's iovgec ge spfhd fel

ldagegec tbd jouelfrgds oa bgs tdrrgtorgfk getdrdst fel tbdrdaord oa bgs sdttkdidets,

aor wbghb bd kftdr hrdftdl f pbysghfk fel gestgtutgoefk struhturd.


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Ge cdocrfpby, stftgstghs fel frhbfdokocy, f sdttkdidet, kohfkgty or popukftdl pkfhd gs f

hoiiuegty ge wbghb pdopkd kgvd. F sdttkdidet hfe rfecd ge sgzd aroi f sifkk euijdroa lwdkkgecs croupdl tocdtbdr to tbd kfrcdst oa hgtgds wgtb surrouelgec urjfegzdl frdfs.

Xdttkdidets ify gehkuld bfikdts, vgkkfcds, towes fel hgtgds.


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Ldagegec Buife Xdttkdidets

Buife sdttkdidets ldaged pdopkds

dxgstdehd. \bdy frd pkfhds kfrcd fel sifkk,urjfe fel rurfk, aorifk fel geaorifk wbdrd

pdopkd kgvd, kdfre, wor`, fel hrdftd.

\bdy fkso hoiprgsd fe giportfet hoipoedet oa tbd

detgrd devgroeidet, efidky tbd jugkt

devgroeidet.

\bd afjrgh oa buife sdttkdidets hoesgsts oapbysghfk dkdidets fel sdrvghds to wbghb tbdsd

dkdidets provgld tbd iftdrgfk support. \bd

pbysghfk hoipoedets hoiprgsd sbdktdr, g.d.tbd supdrstruhturds oa lgaadrdet sbfpd, sgzd, typd

fel iftdrgfks drdhtdl jy ife`gel aor sdhurgty,

prgvfhy, fel protdhtgoe aroi tbd dkdidets fel aorbgs sgecukfrgty wgtbge f hoiiuegty0 gearfstruhturd,

g.d. tbd hoipkdx edtwor`s ldsgcedl to ldkgvdr or

rdiovd aroi tbd sbdktdr pdopkd, cools, dedrcy oa

geaoriftgoe.

Xdrvghds hovdr tbosd rdqugrdl jy f hoiiuegty aor

tbd aukagkkidet oa gts auehtgoes fs f sohgfk joly, suhb

fs dluhftgoe, bdfktb, hukturd, wdkafrd, rdhrdftgoefel eutrgtgoe.


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Buife sdttkdidets idfes tbd totfkgty oa tbd buife hoiiuegty - wbdtbdr hgty,

towe or vgkkfcd - wgtb fkk tbd sohgfk, iftdrgfk, orcfegzftgoefk, spgrgtufk fel

hukturfk dkdidets tbft sustfge gt. \bd afjrgh oa buife sdttkdidets hoesgsts oa pbysghfk

dkdidets fel sdrvghds to wbghb tbdsd dkdidets provgld tbd iftdrgfk support. \bd

pbysghfk hoipoedets hoiprgsd=

Xbdktdr, g.d. tbd supdrstruhturds oa lgaadrdet sbfpds, sgzd, typd fel iftdrgfks

drdhtdl jy ife`gel aor sdhurgty, prgvfhy fel protdhtgoe aroi tbd dkdidets fel

aor bgs sgecukfrgty wgtbge f hoiiuegty0

Gearfstruhturd, g.d. tbd hoipkdx edtwor`s ldsgcedl to ldkgvdr to or rdiovd aroi

tbd sbdktdr pdopkd, cools, dedrcy or geaoriftgoe0

Xdrvghds hovdr tbosd rdqugrdl jy f hoiiuegty aor tbd aukagkkidet oa gts auehtgoes

fs f sohgfk joly, suhb fs dluhftgoe, bdfktb, hukturd, wdkafrd, rdhrdftgoe fel

eutrgtgoe.


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^rgigtgvd Xdttkdidets

Eoe - orcfegzdl sdttkdidets orcfegzdl sdttkdidets


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Hgrhukfr Kfyout


9/84

Fel wbde wd sfw fkk tbosd hgtgds fel vgkkfcds jugkt ge

tbd wftdr fel otbdr crdft towes oe lry kfel, fel tbft

strfgcbt fel kdvdk hfusdwfy kdflgec to \deohbtgtkfe, wd

wdrd fifzdlGelddl, soid oa our soklgdrs fs`dl ga gt

wfs eot fkk f lrdfi (Xpfegsb hbroeghkdr, Jdrefk Lgfz

ldk Hfstgkko)

ldshrgjgec Fztdh Hbgefipf fcrghukturd


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IFE GX F XOHGFK FEGIFK


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\bd Dxtdet oa Buife Xdttkdidet Efturd fel dxtdet oa buife sdttkdidets, hoeausds ife wgtb tbdgr pbysghfk

struhturd ("tbd jugkt-up frdf gs tbd hgty") or tbdgr gestgtutgoefk arfid ("tbd

iueghgpfkgty gs tbd hgty")0

Jut buife sdttkdidets bfvd fkwfys jdde hrdftdl jy ife's iovgec ge spfhd fel

ldagegec tbd jouelfrgds oa bgs tdrrgtorgfk getdrdst fel tbdrdaord oa bgs

sdttkdidets, aor wbghb bd kftdr hrdftdl f pbysghfk fel gestgtutgoefk struhturd0

Sbde wd vgdw buife sdttkdidets fs systdis oa dedrcy iojgkgzdl jy ife - dgtbdrfs jfsfk idtfjokgh or fs iushukfr or, rdhdetky, fs hoiidrhgfk dedrcy systdis

wd cdt edw gesgcbts.


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^rgifrgky oed afhtor wbghb ldageds tbd dxtdet oa buife sdttkdidets= tbd lgstfehd ife wfets to

co or hfe co ge tbd hoursd oa bgs lfgky kgad0

\bd sbortdst oa tbd two lgstfehds ldageds tbd dxtdet oa tbd rdfk buife sdttkdidet, tbroucb

ldagegtgoe oa f "lfgky urjfe systdi


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Bgdrfrhby oa Xdttkdidets typds


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Ldagegec \bd Hgty


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Trjfe Frdf Fe urjfe frdf gs hbfrfhtdrgzdl jy bgcbdr popukftgoe ldesgty fel vfst buife adfturds ge

hoipfrgsoe to frdfs surrouelgec gt.

Trjfe frdfs ify jd hgtgds, towes or hoeurjftgoes, jut tbd tdri gs eot hoiioeky dxtdeldlto rurfk sdttkdidets suhb fs vgkkfcds fel bfikdts.

Trjfe frdfs frd hrdftdl fel aurtbdr ldvdkopdl jy tbd prohdss oa urjfegzftgoe.

Idfsurgec tbd dxtdet oa fe urjfe frdf bdkps ge fefkysgec popukftgoe ldesgty fel urjfe

sprfwk, fel ge ldtdrigegec urjfe fel rurfk popukftgoes.


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Tekg`d fe urjfe frdf, f

idtropokgtfe frdf gehkulds eot

oeky tbd urjfe frdf, jut fkso

sftdkkgtd hgtgds pkus getdrvdegec

rurfk kfel tbft gs sohgo-

dhoeoighfkky hoeedhtdl to tbd

urjfe hord hgty, typghfkky jy

dipkoyidet tgds tbroucb

hoiiutgec wgtb tbd urjfe hord0

hgty jdgec tbd prgifry kfjorifr`dt.

Ge afht, urjfegzdl frdfs

fcckoidrftd fel crow fs tbd

hord popukftgoe/dhoeoigh

fhtgvgty hdetdr wgtbge f kfrcdridtropokgtfe frdf or devdkopd.


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Ldagegec tbd Hgty

Hoehdpt oa urjfe fel pbdeoideoe oa urjfegzftgoe frd soid bow edw tobuife popukftgoe.

Ge tbd detgrd bgstory oa buife dvokutgoe, gts jdde oeky afgrky rdhdetky tbft pdopkd bfvd jdcueto kgvd ge rdkftgvdky ldesd urjfe fcckoidrftgoe.

Jdaord 624>FL eo sohgdty houkl jd ldshrgjdl fs jdgec urjfe sohgdtgds.

Ldspgtd tbgs rfpgl trfesaoriftgoe fel crowtb oa urjfe

hdetrds, tbd eotgoe oa urjfe rdifges

\rfesgtory

Hbfecgec aroi tgid to tgid

Lgaadrgec fhross pokgtghfk jouelfrgds

Jdgec iolgagdl ldpdelgec oe tbd purposd tbft tbd ldagegtgoe oa

urjfe houkl sdrvd.


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Ft tgids, urjfe popukftgoes frd ldagedl ge tdris oaDhokocghfk afhtor suhb fs ldesgty fel popukftgoe sgzd.

Gt gs lgaaghukt dvde to hoipfrd houetrgds jfsdl oe tbd pdrhdetfcd oaurjfe popukftgoe sgehd ifey houetrgds bfvd lgaadrdet ldagegtgoes oa

wbft sgzd popukftgoe gs edhdssfry to if`d f hoiiuegty "urjfe.

Aor dxfipkd0

Ge Xwdlde fel Ldeifr`, f vgkkfcd oa :>> pdopkd gs houetdl fs fe

"urjfe" popukftgoe jut gt tf`ds f hgty oa 8>,>>> ge Mfpfe.

Iost otbdr houetrgds afkk soidwbdrd ge jdtwdde. Fustrfkgf felHfeflf usd 6>>>, Gsrfdk fel Arfehd usd :>>> fel tbd Tegtdl Xtftds

fel Idxgho hfkk f towe oa :4>> rdsgldets urjfe. Ge Gelgf Gt eddl to

jd iord tbfe 4>,>>>


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Ge orldr to ueldrstfel f hgty oa tolfys hoetdxt jfsgh ueldrstfelgec rdqugrdl frd=

^fst, prdsdet fel auturd trdels ge urjfe crowtb0 Bgstory oa urjfe aoriftgoe

\rdels ge urjfe crowtb

Idfegec oa tbd tdri urjfe

Hoehdpts hoehdregec tbd idfegec oa tbd tdri urjfe jfsdl oe hdrtfge hrgtdrgf suhb

fs auehtgoe fel spfhd.


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Trjfe Crowtb= ^fst, ^rdsdet fel Auturd

Gt gs aouel tbft hgtgds didrcdl ge tbd workl fs dfrky fs 4,44> ydfrs fco, tbd agrst oa wbghb wdrdge Idsopotfigf fel Egkd Qfkkdy, tbd Gelus Qfkkdy fel tbd Bofec-Bo Qfkkdy0

\bdrd wdrd sdvdrfk orcfegzftgoefk afhtors tbft ify bfvd prdhgpgtftdl tbd aoriftgoe oa dfrky

hgtgds, gehkulgec hoiidrhgfk fel trfld, rdkgcgous fel pokgtghfk afhtors0

\bdrd gs dvgldehd tbft rdkftgvdky kfrcd fcckoidrftgoes dxgstgec ge Jfjykoe (:4>,>>>),

^ftef (84>,>>>) fel Zoid (14>,>>>) jdtwdde fjout > JH to FL 6>>0


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Zflgo-hdetrgh Kfyout


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Zflgo-hdetrgh Kfyout


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Fhropokgs

T j F G lg H


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Trjfe frdf= Fs pdr Gelgfe HdesusLdagegtgoe oa hdesus aor fe urjfe sdttkdidet fs pdr tbd Hdesus oa Gelgf :>66, tbd ldagegtgoe oa

urjfe frdf gs fs aokkows0

6. Fkk pkfhds wgtb f iueghgpfkgty, horporftgoe, hfetoeidet jofrl or eotgagdl towe frdf

hoiigttdd, dth.

:. Fkk otbdr pkfhds wbghb sftgsagdl tbd aokkowgec hrgtdrgf=

f. F igegiui popukftgoe oa 4,>>>0

j. Ft kdfst 34 pdr hdet oa tbd ifkd ifge wor`gec popukftgoe decfcdl ge eoe-fcrghukturfk

pursugts0 fel

h. F ldesgty oa popukftgoe oa ft kdfst > pdrsoes pdr sq. ì.

\bd agrst hftdcory oa urjfe uegts gs èowe fs Xtftutory \owes. \bdsd towes frd eotgagdl ueldr kfwjy tbd hoehdredl Xtftd/T\ Covdreidet fel bfvd kohfk jolgds kg`d iueghgpfk horporftgoes,

iueghgpfkgtgds, iueghgpfk hoiigttdds, dth., grrdspdhtgvd oa tbdgr ldiocrfpbgh hbfrfhtdrgstghs fs

rdhòedl oe 86st Ldhdijdr :>>7. Dxfipkds= Qflolfrf (I Horp.), Xbgikf (I Horp.) dth.

\bd sdhoel hftdcory oa \owes gs èowe fs Hdesus \owe. \bdsd wdrd gldetgagdl oe tbd jfsgs oa

Hdesus :>>6 lftf.


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Trjfe Fcckoidrftgoe

\bd outcrowtbs oa urjfe frdfs bfvd fkso jdde gehorporftdl gekfrcdr urjfe frdfs fel frd ldsgceftdl fs urjfe fcckoidrftgoe

wbghb hoiprgsd=

Fe urjfe frdf wgtb hoetgeuous urjfe outcrowtb wbghb gs outsgld tbd

stftutory urjfe kgigts jut afkkgec wgtbge tbd jouelfrgds oa tbd flmogegecvgkkfcd or vgkkfcds0

\wo or iord flmogegec urjfe frdfs wgtb tbdgr outcrowtbs, so fs to aori

f hoetgeuous urjfe sprdfl0

\wo or iord flmogegec frdfs wgtbout outcrowtbs, jut wbghb aori f

hoetgeuous urjfe sprdfl


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Trjfe aori ldtdrigefets frd afhtors fel geakudehds.

Ge tbd bgstory tbd aoris oa sdttkdidets ft jotb rurfk/vgkkfcd, urjfe/ hgty

stftus bfvd jdde ldtdrigedl jy tbdsd afhtors.

Efturfk workl ldtdrigefets

\bgs bfs pkfydl fe giportfet rokd ge sbfpgec oa fkk bgstorgh urjfe aoris

Ife Ifld ldtdrigefets

\bgs hfe jd fppkgdl to jotb orcfegh crowtb fel pkfeedl towes

(aortgaghftgoe)

Kohftgoefk Ldtdrigefets


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F-\wo hbfrfhtdrgstgh `geloa orcfegh crowtb= wdstdre

Duropdfe provglgec strddt

aroetfcd pkot ldvdkopidet

fel Idsopotfigfe/ Gskfighwgtb bousgec fhhdss Huk-ld-sfh

J- \bd crgl-groe fs tbdusufk jfsgs oa pkfeedl urjfe

aori

H-Orcfegh crowtb

euhkdus wgtb pkfeedl crgl

groe dxtdesgoe0

L- ^kfeedl crgl-groeeuhkdus wgtb orcfegh crowtb

dxtdesgoe

D- tbd spdhgfk wdstdreDuropdfe hgrhuistfehds.

Dfrky Idlgdvfk orcfegh

crowtb


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Hfrhfssoeed, Kfecudloh-Zoussgkkoe, Arfehd

\bd spdhgfk wdstdre Duropdfe

hgrhuistfehds. Dfrky Idlgdvfk orcfegh

crowtb


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\GICFL - \BD ^F\\DZE OA F ZOIFE HFI^

\bd crgl-groe fs tbdusufk jfsgs oa pkfeedl urjfe

aori


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\GICFL

ZOFL FEL FZHB OA \ZFMFE

QGDS AZOI AOZTI FZDF

\bd crgl-groe fs tbd

usufk jfsgs oa pkfeedl urjfe

aori

E t k S kl L t g t


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Efturfk Sorkl Ldtdrigefets

\opocrfpby

\bd tdrrfge oe wbghb f sdttkdidet jdhfid dstfjkgsbdl, or ovdr wbghb gt dxpfeldl.

Bgkktop frdfs-Idlgdvfk Duropdfe Jurcs

Kgigtkdss ^rfgrgd- O`kfboif Hgty

Lgrdhtgoe oa Crowtb (Xdf sgld/ Zgvdrsgld)- Hfgro, Jfcblfl

Zglcd top hgtgds-Dlgejurcb

Zgvdr Qfkkdy/ ^degesukfr-Lurbfi, Igkdtus, Fkdxfelrgf

Zflghfk cdocrfpbghfk flmustidets-Fehgdet Zoid, Dxpfesgoe oa Idxgho

\opocrfpby bfs pkfydl f ifmor pfrt ge tbd hrdftgoe oa urjfe tbgrl lgidesgoe- Qgsufk daadht

Hbfrfhtdrgstgh topocrfpbghfk L- Akft fel opde


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hgrhuistfehds aor urjfe sdttkdidets fel

sujsdqudet crowtb

F- Xdfaroet, gskfel fel pdegesukfr orgcges0

J-Zgvdrjfe` Orgcge, gegtgfkkywgtb adrry or aorl kgigtftgoe oe

hross rgvdr sdttkdidets0

H- Bgkk fel Zglcd

top orgcge

prfgrgd wgtb eo

ifmor

topocrfpbghfk

crowtb


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^kfe oa

Jfrhdkoef,Xpfge

\W^DX OA XDFAZOE\ LDQDKO^IDE\X - EF\TZFK


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XFE AZFEHGXHO - JFW EDS OZKDFEX - CTKA

AGZD GXKFELX - JFZZGDZ

QDEGHD- KFCOOE

\W^DX OA XDFAZOE\ LDQDKO^IDE\X IFE IFLD


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Jugklgec gskfels oe sdf - Lujfg

Zdhkfgigec kfel aroi sdf - Bokkfel


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Qdeghd


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Zgvdrjfe` Orgcge= Idlgdvfk Hgty oa Bdgldkjdrc


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Zgvdrjfe` Orgcge=Idlgdvfk Hgty oa Bdgldkjdrc


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Zgvdrjfe` Orgcge= Qfrfefsg

Bgkktop Orgcge= ^rfcud, \bd ^rfcud hfstkd ovdrkoo`s tbd wbokd hgty aroi ftop f bgkk


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Hkgiftd

lgaadrdet aoris ldpdelgec oe kohfk hkgiftgh

hgrhuistfehds.

Croupgec oa roois, eo. oa storgds, wgtb oa tbd

kfed, hourtyfrls, usd oa sbfld fel sue,

frhbgtdhturfk dkdidets, ^rgvfhy aor woide oa

tbd afigky wdrd tbd hruhgfk hkgiftgh afhtors

ldhgldl tbd aori oa tbd sdttkdidets ge Bot fel lry

hkgiftd kdl to ldsgce oa hkgiftd rdspoesd sbdktdr.

Xdttkdidets ge bot buigl rdqugrdl bousds tojd hoestruhtdl oe sdvdrfk stordys wgtb shrddedl

jfy wgelows opdegec oeto tbd pujkgh strddts.

F- (egcbt) \bd hourtyfrls fel roois

wdrd agkkdl wgtb hook fgr0

J- (eooe) tbd hourt gs bdftdl jy tbdsue,fel bot fgr rgsds hrdftgec hookgec

hoevdhtgoe hurrdet ge tbd rooi0

H- (fatdreooe) Hourtyfrls fel roois

ft tbdgr bottdst jut hoevdhtgoe hurrdets

gehrdfsgecky hfusdl jy sbflow

hookgec

\bd \rflgtgoefk hourtyfrl ge Lrfvglgfe Frhbgtdhturd


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Hoestruhtgoe Iftdrgfk fel \dhbeokocy

Hoestrfgets lud to pdraorifehd oa kohfkky

fvfgkfjkd iftdrgfks.

Kohfk vdrefhukfr - Eddl aor iftdrgfk ge

juk` qufetgty edhdssgtftdl tbd usd oa kohfkky

fvfgkfjkd iftdrgfk.

Fppkghftgoe oa buife shfkd-

kgigtdl bdgcbt oa tbd wfkk, tbd wgltb oa tbdopdegec fel tbd hkdfr spfe oa akoors

\dhbeokocghfk ldvdkopidet bfs fktdrdl tbgs

urjfe tbgrl lgidesgoe fel defjkdl tbd suj-

urjfe dxpfesgoe jdyoel prdvgous efturfk

jouelfrgds.

Hbfrfhtdrgstghs oa tbd rooi sgzds,

bdgcbt oa jugklgec fel sgzd oa tbd

opdegec ge wfkks, fs hoestrfgedl jy

trflgtgoefk kohfk vdrefhukfr

iftdrgfks fel tdhbeokocy rdkftdl totbd shfkd oa buife agcurd.

Ife-ifld Ldtdrigefets


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^rgifry iotgvftgec aorhds frd trfld, pokgtghfk, sohgfk powdr fel rdkgcgoe0

Dhoeoigh jfsd ge tbd aori oa tbd didrcdehd oa f suaaghgdet surpkus gs tbd auelfidetfk prdrdqugsgtd0

Fjovd fkk rdkgcgoe wfs f prgifry hfusftgvd afhtor, gt pdridftdl fkk fhtgvgtgds, gestgtutgoefk

hbfecds fel aohusdl oe sohgfk kgad.\bd wfkk oa Xgdef

lgvglds tbd wdkk

covdredl hgty aroi gts

houetrysgld.

Fijrocgo Kordezdttgs

ardsho ge tbd ^fkfzzgo

^ujjkgho, pfgetdlh.68

Dhoeoigh


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Dhoeoiy sbfpdl tbd rokd oa tbd hgty fs ifr`dt-pkfhd, wbghb rdqugrdl jugklgecs, spfhds aor if`gec fel

sfkd oa cools0

Ge Duropdfe towes urjfe spfhds bfvd fhhoiiolftdl hoiiuefk trflgec fhtgvgtgds kftdr trfesaoridl to

ifmor ifr`dts fel hovdrdl ifr`dt bfkks

Ge Idlgdvfk towes tbd detgrd hgty wfs f ifr`dt.

Ge Gskfigh hgtgds f hkdfr lgstgehtgoe jdtwdde boid fel wor`sbop fel trflgec usdl tf`d pkfhd ge

wgld ifr`dt strddt wgtb tdiporfry stfkks.

^okgtghfk


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^okgtghfk \bd hgty fs f igkgtfry fel kfttdrky Jfkkot-jox powdr jfsd dijolgdl tbd hgtfldks, hfstkds,

fel pkfhds oa pfst rukgec dkgtds.

Zdkgcgous \bd hgty fs f ldvotgoefk hdetrd Hbfrfhtdrs- \fkkdst, vgsufkky iost fssdrtgvd spgrd, towdrsfel loids fs s`ykged dkdidets

^roiotdl dxtdesgvd jugklgec fhtgvgtgds fhross tbd workl


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\bd Cdrife \owe oa

Bdgldkjdrc, tbd hburhb

gs tbd tfkkdst jugklgec

wgtb f vgsufkky

loigefet spgrd.

Ife ifld Ldtdrigefets


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\bd prd-urjfe Hflfstrd Gt gs tbd iostusdauk tdri rdadrs to tbd pfttdre oa prd dxgstgec

ife-ifld rurfk propdrty jouelfrgds, rdcgoefk

routds, lrfgefcd lgthbds, dth.


Ldadehd

Eddl aor ldadehd fcfgest dxtdrefk fttfh`

jdhfid prgifry ge idlgdvfk hgtgds.

\urge(Gtfky) aroi tbd Eortbdfst, 634>. \bd hgty rgsds fjovd f jrofl jfel jfstgoedl wfkks, ioftfel dfrtbwor`s


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fel dfrtbwor`s.



62/84

Ife ifld Ldtdrigefets

Fccrfelgzdidet

Aroi dfrkgdst tgids, rdkgcgous,

ioefrhbghfk, pokgtghfk fel otbdr

vdstdl getdrdsts bfvd jdde ckorgagdlge hgtgds.

F- F typghfk Xuidrgfe hgty wgtb gts ]gccurft 0

J- Bfrfppfe hgty wgtb gts wdstdre hgtfldk0

H- Fe fehgdet Crdd` wgtb tdipkd oe gtsfhropokgs0

L- F Eorife hfstkd 66tb hdetury , Deckfel0

D- F hburhb ge Idlgdvfk Duropdfe Qgkkfcd0

A- F hburhb ge Kftge Fidrghfe Hgty0

C- F royfk Xtftud squfrd ge frgs0

B- Zoyfk Fccrfelgzdidet ft Qdrsfgkkds0

M- Ldiohrftgh fccrfelgzdidet ft Sfsbgectoe


63/84

F typghfk Xuidrgfe hgty wgtb gts ]gccurft


64/84

Eorife hfstkd 66tb hdetury , Deckfel


65/84

F Hburhb ge Dttkgecde, @frksrubd, Cdrifey


66/84

Fhropokgs

\bd Crgl groe


67/84

\bd Crgl-groe

Gt wfs rdhtgkgedfr crgl-groe pfttdre oa kfel

sujlgvgsgoe aoridl tbd jfsgs oa pkfeedl

sdttkdidets.

F Crgl-groe pkfe orlgefrgky hoiprgsds feortbocoefk edtwor` oa strddts lgvgec tbd

pkfeedl frdf geto prgifry jugklgec jkoh`s

wbghb frd aurtbdr lgvgldl geto rdhtgkgedfr

gelgvglufk pkots fs f jfsgs oa urjfe kfel

lgstrgjutgoe.

Fttdipts ifld ge tbd bgstory6) Bfrfppfe Hgtgds,

:) Crdd`

^kfeedl Hgtgds,

8) Zoifes wgtb tbdgr gipdrgfk urjfe

pkfeegec

pokghgds,


68/84

T E IO

Idfsurds tf`de to gehrdfsd

hfpfhgty oa fe dxgstgec systdi,

wgtbout faadhtgec urjfe aori0 ^kfeegec oa dxtdesgoes fel

fktdrftgoe oa tbd dxgstgec systdi-

hfe bfvd rflghfk daadht.


69/84

Oehd, Ldkbgs Hbfeleg Hbow` frdf bfl :< trfis rueegec. @ok`ftf gs tbd oeky Gelgfe hgty to

bfvd rdtfgedl trfis to tbgs lftd.


70/84


71/84

Jfkfehd fel Xyiidtry fjout fe fxgs ge Qftghfe Hgty.


72/84

Ge f hkfssgh dxfipkd oa Jfroqud pkfeegec, tbd dehgrhkgec fris oa tbd hokoeefld oa Jdregegs Xt

^dtdrs jfsgkghf, hrowedl wgtb shukpturds jy tbd sfid frtgst, rdfhb out geto tbd wgldr vgstf

towfrls tbd \gjdr rgvdr. (\boifs Ifwsoe, Hgvgh Frt, 6766, p6>3)

Jfkfehd fel Xyiidtry fjout fe fxgs ge @frksrubd Xhbkoss


73/84

^gfzzf Lg Hfipglockgo,Zoid


74/84


75/84

gk Hfipglockgo or Ioetd Hfpgtokgeo


76/84

Fpprofhb aroi tbd hdetrfk vgstf to Zfsbtrfpftg Jbfvfe


77/84

\bd Zfsbtrfpftg Jbfvfe gs crflufkky rdvdfkdl fel tbd iystdry hukigeftds

Dfhb vgdw dekfrcgec tbd hdetrd oa tbd prdvgous vgdw & jrgecgec us edfr to tbd tdrigefk jugklgec

Zokd oa kdvdks & shrddegec

X D Z G K Q G X G O E


78/84

Dxfipkd oa Hkfss sdcrdcftgoe

fel giprovdidet oa urjfe


79/84

fel giprovdidet oa urjfe

gearfstruhturd ge Qgdeef, tbd

okl hgty wfkk crflufkky cfvd wfy

to f rgec rofl.


80/84


81/84

\bd Hgrhus fel tbd Zoyfk Hrdshdet, Jftb, Xoidrsdt, Deckfel.


82/84


83/84


84/84

Fjbgsbd` @. Qde gtfrfife Gydr

Fssgstfet roadssor

Afhukty oa Frhbgtdhturd IG\

\BFE@ WOT

Documents

Introduction to Human Settlements and Urban Form Determinants