Introduction to Persuasive Speaking

Part 1:

Communication, Speech Types & Purposes

John E. Clayton

Nanjing University, Spring, 2005

John Clayton• BS – Business, Brigham Young University MBA – Utah State University

• Joined IBM 1970 Retired 2003

• Currently teaching English Writing & Public Speaking at Nanjing University

• Married 36 years 8 children 17 grandchildren

My Family

I Was Once Skinny

Class Policy

• Your attendance at every class is expected. • If you miss a class, you must make-up the work missed. • Class starts on the hour – be on time. • 10 minute break between hours

• There is a 10 RMB materials fee for the class.

Class “Add” Policy

• Because of the nature of this speech class, only 30 students may participate and receive credit. • Additional students may audit the class, but they will not participate, and will not receive credit. • Audit students should try to sit toward the back of the classroom.

Syllabus02/28 Orientation; Photos; Communication; Speaking types &

purposes03/07 Persuasion and reasoning; Peer Criticism03/14 Speech 103/21 Review of speech 1; Audience analysis03/28 Speech writing process; 04/04 Speech components & outline; Monroe sequence04/11 Speech 204/18 Review of speech 2; Overcoming fear; 04/25 Selecting topic and thesis05/02 HOLIDAY – NO CLASS05/09 Researching & supporting material05/16 Speech 305/23 Review of speech 3; Speech delivery tips05/30 Using visual aids06/06 Clean-up – final review and preparation for speech 406/13 Speech 406/20 Speech contest prep; Final exam; Evening – speech contest

Objective – to Change & Improve

Types of Communication

Conversation

Small Group

Mass Communication

A speakerdelivers a messagewith a specific purposeto an audience who are present.

Public Speaking

Basic Elements of Communication

Speaker Listeners

Message

NO

ISE

Feedback

Basic Elements of Communication

Speaker - You

Listeners – Your audience

Message – The point you are trying to make

Noise – Barriers to communication

Feedback – Information back to the speaker

Feedback Information from the audience

• Is my message being received as planned?• Do I need to change anything?

Verbal clues – comments from the audience.

Non-verbal clues - gestures, facial expressions, body movements, sounds.

Noise

•Physical distractions noise, poor lighting, uncomfortable seating, unpleasant

smells, interruptions, restricted time, etc.

•Emotional distractions Pressures (work, health, money, etc.), mood, enforced

attendance, fear, shyness, aggression, resistance to learning, too old to learn, status differences, etc.

Barriers to Communication

• Language and cultural differences vocabulary, unusual words, gestures, etc.

Inform - training, new issues, etc.

Persuade - convince, motivate

Entertain - club, wedding, etc.

Purposes of Public Speaking

Goal: express opinions and viewpoints in an orderly, civil way, regardless whether or not the audience shares your viewpoint.

Types of Presentations• Impromptu

spontaneous, spur of the moment

• Extemporaneous some preparation; not memorized or written

• Manuscript speech read from a manuscript

• Memorized speech presented entirely from memory

Speech Grading

Content (6 points) Topic related to the assignment? Are facts accurate? Main points supported by evidence? Anything important missing?

Organization (7 points) Clear introduction? Purpose communicated in introduction? Clear conclusion? Conclusion reiterate main idea? Main points clearly articulated? Is the order logical?

Delivery (7 points) Eye contact with audience? Loud enough? Distracting mannerisms avoided? Appropriate gestures? Prepared enough not to need notes? Visual aids appropriate?

Key Points to Remember

Five Factors in CommunicationSpeaker, Listener, Message, Noise, Feedback

Why Use Public Speaking?Orderly way to express opinions & viewpoints

Three Key Uses Inform, Persuade, Entertain

Speech Types Impromptu, Extemporaneous,

Manuscript, Memorized

Homework

Begin preparing your first speech

• To be presented March 14th• 3 minutes • Written out • Topic: “Why you should visit my hometown”

Begin Now

Begin homework assignment

NOW, while I take your picture