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10/15/2012
1
Introduction to the Introduction to the
Sacraments and the Sacraments and the
Liturgy: CC110Liturgy: CC110
Introduction to the Introduction to the
Sacraments and the Sacraments and the
Liturgy: CC110Liturgy: CC110
Oct. 17Oct. 17–– Dec. 14, 2012Dec. 14, 2012
Kino InstituteKino Institute
Rev. John Muir, S.T.B., S.T.L.Rev. John Muir, S.T.B., S.T.L.
Class Description
� Building upon an introductory understanding of Catholic doctrine and practice, this class
aims to deepen understanding of Church’s catechesis of the liturgy and sacraments,using the Catechism of the Catholic Church
and Sacred Scripture. Targeted toward second year students in the Kino Institutes, the class is intended to encourage reflection
on Catholic liturgy with regards to catechesis and mystagogy.
Course Objectives
� Understand the Trinitarian dimensions of Catholic liturgy with respect to the “economy of salvation.”
� Articulate the role of the sacraments in the context of salvation history with respect to Jesus Christ
� Express the role of conversion and faith in the individual’s participation in the sacraments
� Name the role of matter/form, effects, recipient, minister, and institution of the seven sacraments.
� Describe the implications of the Second Vatican Council on the liturgical and sacramental life of the Church.
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Course MaterialsCourse Materials
� Catechism of the Catholic Church
Course MaterialsCourse Materials
� Catechism of the Catholic Church
� Peter Kreeft, Catholic Christianity, Part III, Chapters 1-8
Course MaterialsCourse Materials
� Catechism of the Catholic Church
� Peter Kreeft, Catholic Christianity, Part III, Chapters 1-8
� The General Instruction of the Roman Missal
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Course MaterialsCourse Materials
� Catechism of the Catholic Church
� Peter Kreeft, Catholic Christianity, Part III, Chapters 1-8
� The General Instruction of the Roman Missal
� Additional reading material will be distributed in class.
Class Expectations
� On time class attendance
� In class participation: engaging the material!
� Weekly quizzes
� Weekly writing assignments, as requested
� End of class writing assignment
Class Layout
� 1. The Celebration of the Christian Mystery
� 2. The Sacraments of Initiation
� 3. The Holy Eucharist
� 4. The Sacraments of Healing
� 5. The Sacraments at the Service of Communion:
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Class One
� The Celebration of the Christian Mystery(CCC 1066-1209)
THEOLOGY OF THE LITURGY
� “The presentation of the theology of the liturgy in the Catechism of the Catholic
Church (CCC 1077-1112) is fundamental.
�Joseph Ratzinger (The Spirit of
the Liturgy, 225):
The Liturgy as a Twofold Mystery
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The Liturgy as a Twofold Mystery (cf. CCC 236)
� Mystery of the Holy Trinity: God in himself
� (Gk theologia)
The Liturgy as a Twofold Mystery
� Mystery of the Holy Trinity:
God in himself (Gk
theologia)
� Mystery of the Divine
Economy: God’s plan of
salvation (Gk oikonomia)
The Liturgy as a Twofold Mystery
� theologia revealed through
oikonomia
� CCC 236
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Mystery of the Holy Trinity� CCC 234: “The mystery of
the Holy Trinity is the
central mystery of Christian faith and life. It is the
mystery of God in himself.
It is therefore the source of
all the other mysteries of
faith, the light that
enlightens them.”
� CCC 1073
Mystery of the Divine Economy
Mystery of the Divine Economy
� The plan of salvation history.
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Mystery of the Divine Economy
� The plan of salvation history.
� How God interacts, namely
creates, redeems & sanctifies
His creation
Relationship between theologia and oikonomia
Relationship between theologia and oikonomia
� The economy of salvation
reveals the invisible mystery of
God, and so…
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Relationship between theologia and oikonomia
� The economy of salvation
reveals the invisible mystery of
God, and so…
� The sacramental economy
reveals the invisible mystery of
God in Christ
Saint Paul and the “Plan of the Mystery”
Saint Paul and the “Plan of the Mystery”
� To unite all things in heaven and
on earth in Christ (Eph 1:9-10)
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Saint Paul and the “Plan of the Mystery”
� To unite all things in heaven and
on earth in Christ (Eph 1:9-10)
� Recapitulation: gathering up all
of history and creation in Christ
(CCC 668)
Saint Paul and the “Plan of the Mystery”
� To unite all things in heaven and
on earth in Christ (Eph 1:9-10)
� Recapitulation: gathering up all
of history and creation in Christ
(CCC 668)
� The “Mystery” hidden for ages in
God (Eph 3:7-13)
The Plan of the Mystery
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The Plan of the Mystery
� Age of the Shadows
The Plan of the Mystery
� Age of the Shadows
� Creation
� Fall
The Plan of the Mystery
� Age of the Shadows
� Creation
� Fall
� The Old Covenant
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The Plan of the Mystery
� Age of the Shadows
� Creation
� Fall
� The Old Covenant
� Age of the Church
The Plan of the Mystery
� Age of the Shadows
� Creation
� Fall
� Old Covenant
� Age of the Church
� Age of the Reality
What is the “Sacramental What is the “Sacramental Economy”?Economy”?
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What is the “Sacramental What is the “Sacramental Economy”?Economy”?
�� CCC 1076CCC 1076
What is the “Sacramental What is the “Sacramental Economy”?Economy”?
�� CCC 1076CCC 1076
�� This refers to how Christ communicates his work of This refers to how Christ communicates his work of salvation during the Age of the Churchsalvation during the Age of the Church
What is the “Sacramental What is the “Sacramental Economy”?Economy”?
�� CCC 1076CCC 1076
�� This refers to how Christ communicates his work of This refers to how Christ communicates his work of salvation during the Age of the Churchsalvation during the Age of the Church
�� Namely, through sacramental signsNamely, through sacramental signs
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“Sacramental Economy” “Sacramental Economy” foreshadowed in Divine Economy foreshadowed in Divine Economy
(OT)(OT)
�� Biblical types of seven sacramentsBiblical types of seven sacraments
�� Genesis (eg., creation= baptism; tree of life=Eucharist; Genesis (eg., creation= baptism; tree of life=Eucharist; Adam/Eve=marriage; penance; priesthood (2:15), etc.)Adam/Eve=marriage; penance; priesthood (2:15), etc.)
�� IsraelIsrael
�� Jesus’ earthly life: anticipated by words/deed (CCC Jesus’ earthly life: anticipated by words/deed (CCC 1085)1085)
�� Rev. and 7 churches (if you want to really go for it...!)Rev. and 7 churches (if you want to really go for it...!)
The Liturgy celebrates “above all” the Paschal Mystery (CCC
1067)
The Liturgy celebrates “above all” the Paschal Mystery (CCC
1067)
Last Supper
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The Divine Economy and the Paschal Mystery
The Divine Economy and the Paschal Mystery
� The Divine Economy is revealed and accomplished in the Paschal Mystery
CCC 1068: In the liturgy the “work of our redemption is
accomplished”
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CCC 1069: What does the word “liturgy” mean?
Key passage in Second Vatican Council on liturgy
� SC 7 “For it is the liturgy, especially the
divine sacrifice of the Eucharist, that ‘the work of our redemption is accomplished,’
and it is through the liturgy especially that
the faithful are enabled to express in their lives and manifest to others the mystery of
Christ and the real nature of the true
Church.”
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CCC 1069b: “the participation of the people of God in the
‘work of God’” (opus Dei)
4747
CCC 1070: ...Through the liturgy the inner man is rooted and
grounded in the “great love with which the Father loved us” in
His beloved Son.
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Why do we go to Mass?
Why do we go to Mass? � CCC 1070:
� In the liturgy the sanctification of the
man is signified by signs perceptible to
the senses, and is effected in a way which corresponds with each of these
signs;
� in the liturgy the whole public worship is
performed by the Mystical Body of Jesus Christ, that is, by the Head and His
members.
� Summary: The Church’s liturgy has two
purposes:
� Worship of God
� Sanctification of Men
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Who does the liturgy?
� The mystical body of Jesus Christ, head
and members
Who does the liturgy?
� VCII: “From this it follows that every
liturgical celebration, because it is an action of Christ the priest and of His
Body which is the Church, is a sacred
action surpassing all others; no other action of the Church can equal its
efficacy by the same title and to the
same degree.” (SC 7)
Who does the liturgy?
� CCC 1136
� The Whole Christ (totus Christus)
� Head and Members
� Jesus Christ and his Body the Church
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The Call of the Second Vatican Council: liturgical participation
� CCC 1071
CCC 1071: The Call of the Second Vatican Council: liturgical
participation
� Sacrosanctum Concilium, 11: the faithful are urged toward participation that is:
� Fully conscious (scienter)
� Active (actuoso)
� Fruitful (fructuoso)
“actuoso participatio”• first used by Pope Pius X in motu propio “Tra le
solicitudini”
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“actuoso participatio”
• Pope Pius XII in 1943 and 1947 wrote that true participation is baptismal union with Christ and His Mystical Body the Church
“actuoso participatio”
• Holy See (1958) wrote:
• participatio must be INTERIOR (union with Christ the High Priest)
• But particiaption becomes FULLER when joined to external actions
• instruction is required
Liturgy and the Church’s activity
� CCC 1073-1074
� Liturgy as “summit” and “source”
� Culmen
� Fons
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Pause!
Sacrament and Mystery
Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery: the invisible reality
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Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery: the invisible reality
� Sacrament: the visible sign
Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality
� Sacrament (sacramentum): the visible
sign
� CCC 774
Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality
� Sacrament (sacramentum): the visible
sign
� CCC 774
� The “Sacrament,” generally speaking, has
two external components:
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Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality
� Sacrament (sacramentum): the
visible/external sign
� CCC 774
� The “Sacrament,” generally speaking, has
two external components:
� Matter (the physical dimension)
Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality
� Sacrament (sacramentum): the visible
sign
� CCC 774
� The “Sacrament,” generally speaking, has
two external components:
� Matter (the physical dimension)
� Form (the verbal dimension)
Sacrament and Mystery
� Mystery (mysterion): the invisible reality
� Sacrament (sacramentum): the visible sign
� CCC 774
� The “Sacrament,” generally speaking, has two external components:� Matter (the physical dimension)
� Form (the verbal dimension)
� E.g., Baptism= triple immersion (matter) & spoken formula (form)
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“Mystery”: the invisible reality
“Mystery”: the invisible reality
� CCC 1075: Mystagogy leads from the
“sacraments” to the “mysteries”
“Mystery”: the invisible reality
� CCC 1075: Mystagogy leads from the
“sacraments” to the “mysteries”
� This is liturgical catechesis
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“Mystery”: the invisible reality
� CCC 1075: Mystagogy leads from the
“sacraments” to the “mysteries”
� This is liturgical catechesis
� How can we do what p. 1075 is saying? What
does it look like? How have we experienced it?
What is a Sacrament?
What is a Sacrament?
� Classic definition
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What is a Sacrament?
� Classic definition
� “Efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us” (CCC 1131)
What is a Sacrament?
� Classic definition
� “Efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us” (CCC 1131)
� Fuller sense reclaimed
What is a Sacrament?
� Classic definition
� “Efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us” (CCC 1131)
� Fuller sense reclaimed
� Powers that come forth from the body of Christ (CCC 1116)
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7979
6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
Key 6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
How can we learn to think about the liturgy
and the Sacraments with the mind of the Church?
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6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
� 2. Christological
6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
� 2. Christological
� 3. Ecclesiological
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6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
� 2. Christological
� 3. Ecclesiological
� 4. Fideological
6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
� 2. Christological
� 3. Ecclesiological
� 4. Fideological
� 5. Soteriological
6 Key Dimensions of the Liturgy & Sacraments
� 1. Trinitarian
� 2. Christological
� 3. Ecclesiological
� 4. Fideological
� 5. Soteriological
� 6. Eschatological
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Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� “What was visible in our Savior has
passed over into his mysteries”
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� “What was visible in our Savior has
passed over into his mysteries”� St. Pope Leo the Great
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Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� “What was visible in our Savior has
passed over into his mysteries”� St. Pope Leo the Great
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� John 4: If you knew the gift of God!
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� John 4: If you knew the gift of God!
� John 12: I will draw all men to myself!
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Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� John 4: If you knew the gift of God!
� John 12: I will draw all men to myself!
� Do you know anyone who would benefit
from experiencing the “New Heavens and
the New Earth”?
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� John 4: If you knew the gift of God!
� John 12: I will draw all men to myself!
� Do you know anyone who would benefit
from experiencing the “New Heavens and
the New Earth”?
Why study the Liturgy and the Sacraments?
� John 4: If you knew the gift of God!
� John 12: I will draw all men to myself!
� Do you know anyone who would benefit
from experiencing the “New Heavens and
the New Earth”?
� But do you know any Catholics who think
Mass is “boring” or “irrelevant”?
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Next class:
� The Sacraments of Initiation
� Review material from class #1
� Be prepared for quiz on class #1—see sheet
� New material: Read CCC 1210 – 1321:
� Supplemental: Kreeft section on Baptism and Confirmation (pg 307-319)