Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP)

Sponsored by:OSU Extension Master Gardener Program

OSU Extension Metro ProgramsOregon Department of Agriculture

Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP)

Class 2

Safe and Effective Pesticide Use

• Introductions

• Review of Last Week’s Class• Overview of UPRP and Class Surveys (IRB)• Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Pesticides• What is a Pesticide?

• Plan for Next Two Weeks

Review of Class 1

• Three classes

• Class 1: Overview of UPRP. Pesticides defined. Assess your pesticide use in the home, garden and lawn.

• Class 2: Reading a pesticide label. Proper use, storage and disposal of pesticides.

• Class 3: Environmental fate of pesticides. Alternatives to pesticides for pest management. Prevention rather than reaction.

Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP)

Logistics/Announcements

• Toxicity and Risks of Pesticides

• Reading a Label

• Safe Use, Storage and Disposal of Pesticides

Today’s Agenda

• Toxicity and Risks of Pesticides

• Reading a Label

• Safe Use, Storage and Disposal of Pesticides

Today’s Agenda

• Acute toxicity – damage resulting from a one-time or limited exposure.

• Chronic toxicity – damage resulting from long-term (repeated) exposure.• Cancer• Birth Defects• Tumor Growth• Liver Damage, jaundice, fibrosis, cirrhosis• Reduces sperm count, miscarriage• Nerve Damage• Development of allergies to pesticides or

chemicals in pesticide formulations

Toxicity

• Acute toxicity is usually determined by animal testing in a dose-response study.

• LOEL = Lowest Observed Effect Level• Lowest does with any observable effect.

• NOEL = No Observed Effect Level• Highest dose with no observable effect.• Basis for tolerances (residue levels in food or feed crops).

• LD50 = “lethal dose fifty”• Dose that killed half of the test animals.• Basis for Signal Words on pesticide labels.• The smaller this number, the more poisonous the

pesticide.

How is toxicity determined?

• table salt 3750 mg/kg• aspirin 1750

mg/kg• Diazinon 1250 mg/kg• caffeine 200 mg/kg• rotenone 130 mg/kg• nicotine 55 mg/kg

Examples of LD50

The smaller this number, the more poisonous the substance.

• table salt 3750 mg/kg = 1.5 to 2 cups• aspirin 1750 mg/kg = 350 aspirin• Diazinon 1250 mg/kg• caffeine 200 mg/kg = 160 cups• rotenone 130 mg/kg• nicotine 55 mg/kg = 25-55 cigarettes

How much is thatfor a 175 pound (80 kg) person?

Symptoms occur at levels far below LD50 values.

Signal Words: potential to harm or poison

Caution(Cat. IV)

Caution(Cat. III)

Warning(Cat. II)

DangerDanger – Poison(Cat. I)

Oral LD50> 5000 mg/kg 500-5000

mg/kg50-500 mg/kg < 50 mg/kg

Inhalation LD50

> 20 mg/l 2-20 mg/l 0.2-2 mg/l < 0.2 mg/l

Dermal LD50

> 5000 mg/kg 2000-5000 mg/kg

200-2000 mg/kg

< 200 mg/kg

Eye Effects No Irritation Reverses in 7 Days

More than 7 Days

Corrosive

Skin Effects Mild Irritation Moderate Irritation

Severe Irritation

Corrosive

True False The signal words ‘DANGER’, ‘CAUTION’ and

‘WARNING’ refer to a pesticide’s potential hazards to human health

True False The signal words ‘DANGER’, ‘CAUTION’ and

‘WARNING’ refer to a pesticide’s potential hazards to environmental health

Self Assessment Tool

• Skin• Breathing through nose or

mouth• Eyes

• Swallowing

• Once a pesticide enters your body, it doesn’t matter how it got there!

• Symptoms of pesticide poisoning should be removed from the point of contact

4 Routes of Entry

Mild or early symptoms:FatigueHeadacheDizzinessBlurred visionExcessive sweatingExcessive salivationNausea and vomitingStomach crampsDiarrheaTingling or numbness

Common Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning

Moderate symptoms:Inability to walkWeaknessChest discomfortMuscle twitchesPupil constriction

Severe symptoms:Renal FailureUnconsciousnessConvulsionsDifficulty breathingDeath

Risk = toxicity * exposure

High toxicity * good management = Low risk

Low toxicity * poor management = High risk

Zero exposure = zero risk

Risk of Pesticide Poisoning

• Beware of ANY unusual symptoms!

• Carefully read labels prior to use • Know what to expect and how symptoms may be treated

• Pesticide Emergencies• Poison Control Center: 1-800-222-1222

• Keep label accessible: EPA registration number

• 911• Keep label accessible: EPA registration number

Pesticide Poisoning

• Toxicity and Risks of Pesticides

• Reading a Label

• Safe Use, Storage and Disposal of Pesticides

Today’s Agenda

• Brand name• Product/Trade name• Chemical name• Ingredient statement• Type of formulation• Net contents• Name and address of manufacturer• Registration number• Establishment number• Precautionary statements

Pesticide Labels:A LOT of Information

• Environmental hazards• Physical & chemical

hazards• Signal words and symbols• Statement of practical

treatment• Directions for use• Preharvest interval• Restricted entry interval• Storage & disposal

directions• Misuse statement

The format of pesticide labels is not standard!

• Never choose or recommend products based on brand or trade names alone. Read the active ingredients on the label.

• Several names appear on pesticide labels:• Brand name (e.g., SevinTM, RoundupTM)• Common chemical name (e.g., carbaryl)

• Different manufacturers may market the same active ingredient under different brand names.

Pesticide Names

• Put in picture of two different products with same ai

• And put in pics with same looking product but two different ai’s

• Use the pesticide that you brought from home for this activity.

• If you do not have a pesticide, you can use the Ortho Insect Killer Label.

• As a class, we will complete the label activity worksheet, as we work through the next set of slides.

Label Activity

Generic Product Label

http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/label/

Product Name• Manufacturer Name• Trade or Brand Name

Ingredients Statement – Active Ingredients

Identifies the ‘active ingredient(s)’, which is/are the ingredient(s)

that control the pest.

Ingredients Statement - Inert Ingredients

Gives the % of other/inert ingredientsThese ingredients do not control

the pest, but serves another purpose.This purpose may be to dissolve

the active ingredient(s) or to affect how the product works.

Net Contents Statement

Identifies how much pesticide product is in the container.

Directions for Use• What the product controls• Where, when and how to use• Booklet or toll free number may be given for consumers use and information

Signal Word One of three danger words:

(1) Caution(2) Warning

(3) Danger or Danger Poison

These words represent the product’s potential hazards to

humans.

Caution is least hazardous.Danger Poison is the most hazardous.

Precautionary Statements

• Potential hazards to people and pets

• Steps you can take to reduce hazards

• May include information on how to protect children and/or pets

Environmental Hazards

If the product is potentially harmfulto wildlife, fish, endangered plants oranimals, or may adversely impactwetlands and water resources.

Physical and Chemical Hazards

Notes hazards such as Corrosiveness or flammability

Storage and Disposal Instructions

• How best to store the product• What to do with unused product• What to do with the empty container

Statement of First Aid

What to do if someone swallows,breathes or contacts the product, orgets the product on their skin or in

their eyesA ‘Note to Physicians’, which provides

Drs. with specific information, mayalso be included.

EPA Registration Number

EPA Registration Number

EPA Establishment Number

EPA Establishment Number

Contact Information of Manufacturer or Distributor

Name, address and sometimesphone number of the

manufacturer or distributor.

Warranty Statement

Statement intended to limit acompany’s liability, or to act

as a disclaimer, or to actas a product warranty.

• What label violations have you seen, or can you imagine?

• Think about violations in the home and garden, but also in the workplace.

Common Label Violations

• Toxicity and Risks of Pesticides

• Reading a Label

• Safe Use, Storage and Disposal of Pesticides

Today’s Agenda

Personal Protective Equipment

**Label will commonly require “long-sleeved shirt and long pants” (not defined as PPE).**

Copyright 2006, Oregon State University, all rights reserved.

Ready to Use Products

Copyright 2006, Oregon State University, all rights reserved.

Hose End and Compression Sprayers

Hose-end Sprayers• Hose-end sprayers are proportioners that mix

a concentrated pesticide with water and emit a spray of diluted pesticide.

Container

Lid

(Siphon TubeInside Container)

Hose-end sprayer• Place anti-siphon device between sprayer and

water source to prevent back siphoning of pesticides into your water system.

Anti-backflowdevice

Compression Sprayers• Requires extra

precautions due to:• Breezes• Splashing• Pesticides in

concentrated forms

• Require regular pumping for effective spray application.

Hand-held Compression Sprayer

Pesticide Storage• Keep pesticides to a minimum, to reduce storage

needs.

• Follow label instructions.

Pesticide Storage• Keep pesticides in original containers!

• Store in leak-proof containers.

Pesticide Storage• Store out of reach of children and pets.

• Never store near food, feed or medicines.

• Avoid temperature extremes and moisture.

Disposal of Pesticide Containers

• Metro operates two household hazardous waste collection facilities in the Portland area.

• Facility locations, hours of operation• Metro Recycling Information: 503-234-3000.

• Community collection events in the tri-county-area• Call 503-234-3000 for information.

• We will be discussing environmental fate of pesticides and alternatives to pesticides for pest management.

Reminders for Next Class

Photos Credits • Growing Gardens• Metro Regional Government

• Sustainable Living• DHS • OSU Extension Metro Master Gardener Program• http://flickr.com/photos/judyandpaul/2469337608/• http://www.audubon.org/bird/at_home/images/

IPM_ReducePesticides-12.jpg• http://www.proudtobecanadian.ca/images/p-r/

Pesticide_stockpile_email.jpg

• http://www.phillipmartin.info/clipart/misc_welcome2.gif• http://www.lusd.net/board/agendaClipArt.jpeg• http://www.baileypto.org/• http://www.state.me.us/agriculture/bpc/index.html• http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/images/digtlc

mr.gif• http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/label/

Clip Art Credits