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Inventions of the Late Inventions of the Late 1800’s1800’s
Alan RussellAlan Russell
ED 639ED 639
10th Grade American 10th Grade American HistoryHistory
Chapter 6 – The Industrial Chapter 6 – The Industrial RevolutionRevolution
ObjectivesObjectives
Students should be able to explain effects Students should be able to explain effects of new technology during the industrial of new technology during the industrial revolution on work and home life.revolution on work and home life.
Students should be able to list and discuss Students should be able to list and discuss the importance of these new technologies.the importance of these new technologies.
Students should be able to explain the Students should be able to explain the modernization of Agricultural.modernization of Agricultural.
Academic Content StandardsAcademic Content Standards
1010thth Grade History: Benchmark B. Grade History: Benchmark B.
Explain the social, political, and economic Explain the social, political, and economic effects of industrialization.effects of industrialization.
New Forms of TechnologyNew Forms of Technology
We will discuss new forms of technology in We will discuss new forms of technology in the fields of:the fields of:
EnergyEnergyCommunicationCommunicationTransportation Transportation And AgriculturalAnd Agricultural
New Forms of EnergyNew Forms of Energy
Edwin L. DrakeEdwin L. Drake
Develops new technology Develops new technology for obtaining oil from the for obtaining oil from the ground.ground.
In 1859, Drake strikes oil in In 1859, Drake strikes oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania.Titusville, Pennsylvania.
New Forms of EnergyNew Forms of Energy
Before Drake, oil was Before Drake, oil was obtain by melting the obtain by melting the fat of whales or by fat of whales or by digging large pits.digging large pits.
Gaining oil was now Gaining oil was now cheaper and more cheaper and more efficient.efficient.
New uses for oil New uses for oil developed and the developed and the industry boomed.industry boomed.
An oil derrick today.An oil derrick today.
New Forms of EnergyNew Forms of Energy
Thomas A. EdisonThomas A. Edison
Native of OhioNative of Ohio
Holds over 1,000 Holds over 1,000 patents for his patents for his inventions.inventions.
New Forms of EnergyNew Forms of Energy After numerous mistrials, in After numerous mistrials, in
1880, Edison invented the 1880, Edison invented the light bulb.light bulb.
Edison also developed the Edison also developed the idea for a central power idea for a central power station to make electricity station to make electricity more affordable and more more affordable and more widespread.widespread.
The light bulb and power The light bulb and power stations allowed the work day stations allowed the work day to be extended past dusk. It to be extended past dusk. It also allowed homes to be lit also allowed homes to be lit well into the night.well into the night.
The early light bulb.The early light bulb.
New Forms of EnergyNew Forms of Energy
Invented a way to Invented a way to transmit electricity transmit electricity through an alternating through an alternating current. current.
This allowed This allowed electricity to be sent electricity to be sent farther distances and farther distances and for less money.for less money.
It made the use of It made the use of electricity in the home electricity in the home more practicable and more practicable and affordable.affordable.
George WestinghouseGeorge Westinghouse
New Forms of CommunicationsNew Forms of Communications
Samuel F. B. MorseSamuel F. B. Morse Perfected the telegraph Perfected the telegraph
(did not invent the first (did not invent the first telegraph).telegraph).
Developed an alphabet Developed an alphabet of dots and dashes, of dots and dashes, called Morse code, to called Morse code, to communicate.communicate.
Started the Started the communications communications revolution.revolution.
New Forms of CommunicationsNew Forms of Communications
The telegraph machines were connected The telegraph machines were connected by wires that transmitted an electrical by wires that transmitted an electrical impulse used for communication.impulse used for communication.
By 1900, over 900,000 miles of wire were By 1900, over 900,000 miles of wire were sending messages to cities all over the sending messages to cities all over the nation.nation.
This new invention allowed for easier, long This new invention allowed for easier, long distance communications, and allowed for distance communications, and allowed for cities to be connected to each other. cities to be connected to each other.
New Forms of CommunicationsNew Forms of Communications
Alexander Graham Alexander Graham BellBell
Invented the “talking Invented the “talking telegraph” or telegraph” or telephone while telephone while experimenting with experimenting with inventions to help inventions to help people hear in 1876.people hear in 1876.
By 1900, 1.5 million By 1900, 1.5 million telephones were in telephones were in operation. operation.
New Forms of CommunicationsNew Forms of Communications
This allowed people This allowed people to communicate to communicate through talking and through talking and not the telegraph not the telegraph process.process.
Farther united citizens Farther united citizens and cities through and cities through communications.communications.An early telephone
New Forms of TransportationNew Forms of Transportation
Henry Bessemer Henry Bessemer developed the developed the Bessemer Process.Bessemer Process.
This process This process transformed iron ore transformed iron ore into the lighter, into the lighter, stronger, and more stronger, and more flexible steel.flexible steel.
He found a way to He found a way to make the steel make the steel cheaper and easier.cheaper and easier.
New Forms of TransportationNew Forms of Transportation
This new process in producing mass This new process in producing mass quantities of steel led to vast quantities of steel led to vast improvements in the transportation improvements in the transportation industry.industry.
In 1869, the Transcontinental Railroad In 1869, the Transcontinental Railroad was completed that connected the cities was completed that connected the cities and industry of the east to the Pacific and industry of the east to the Pacific ocean. ocean.
The transfer of people, goods, mail, or The transfer of people, goods, mail, or troops was now easier than ever.troops was now easier than ever.
New Forms of Transportation.New Forms of Transportation.
The Bessemer The Bessemer process also process also improved the improved the structure of buildings structure of buildings and bridges.and bridges.
The Brooklyn Bridge, The Brooklyn Bridge, finished 1883, was finished 1883, was another example of another example of how steel improved how steel improved transportation in transportation in America.America.
Improvements in AgriculturalImprovements in Agricultural
In the 1880’s more than 60% of the In the 1880’s more than 60% of the American work force worked in American work force worked in Agricultural.Agricultural.
Due to improvements in Ag more crops Due to improvements in Ag more crops could be produced while using less could be produced while using less laborers.laborers.
By 1920, only 50% worked on farms. By 1920, only 50% worked on farms. While today approximately 2% of laborers While today approximately 2% of laborers
work on farms.work on farms.
Improvements in AgriculturalImprovements in Agricultural
A stronger plough A stronger plough was developed using was developed using steel.steel.
The The multi-row ploughmulti-row plough allowed several allowed several furrows to be dug at furrows to be dug at once.once.
This made the This made the farming process more farming process more efficient.efficient.
Improvements in AgriculturalImprovements in Agricultural
The ReaperThe Reaper A horse drawn and A horse drawn and
powered machine to powered machine to cut the crops at the cut the crops at the stem.stem.
Prior to this invention Prior to this invention crops were harvested crops were harvested by hand.by hand.
Improvements in AgriculturalImprovements in Agricultural
The ThresherThe Thresher Horse powered Horse powered
machine used to machine used to separate the separate the grain from the grain from the stalks or hulks of stalks or hulks of the plants.the plants.
Previously done Previously done by hand which by hand which was time was time consuming and consuming and labor intensive.labor intensive.
Student ActivitiesStudent Activities
Students will choose 3 of the 5 Students will choose 3 of the 5 assignments to complete.assignments to complete.
1. Students will choose one invention and 1. Students will choose one invention and describe how it changed life in a one page describe how it changed life in a one page paper.paper.
2. Students will compose one poem or song 2. Students will compose one poem or song lyrics discussing the use of at least one lyrics discussing the use of at least one invention.invention.
Student ActivitiesStudent Activities
3.3. Students will write a letter to someone in Students will write a letter to someone in the late 1800’s, while choosing one the late 1800’s, while choosing one invention, describing what life was like invention, describing what life was like before and then after they received the before and then after they received the invention.invention.
4.4. Students will answer questions 1-5 on Students will answer questions 1-5 on page 268 in the text book.page 268 in the text book.
5.5. Students will choose one inventor and Students will choose one inventor and write a two page biography on his life.write a two page biography on his life.
Websites For Your ConsiderationWebsites For Your Consideration
www.wikipedia.orgwww.wikipedia.orgwww.scholar.google.com/www.scholar.google.com/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/
blsteel.htmblsteel.htmInformation on the life of Henry Bessemer.Information on the life of Henry Bessemer.
http://www.thomasedison.com/http://www.thomasedison.com/Information on the life of Thomas EdisonInformation on the life of Thomas Edison
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/theymadeamerica/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/drake_hi.htmlwhomade/drake_hi.html
Information of Edwin DrakeInformation of Edwin Drake
