IONIC AND COVALENT BONDS

By: Hanna Peterson, Danilo Kamenko, Gavin Rein, Madeline Carroll, and Donla Gyalnub

Definitions

Covalent Bond is a bond made by atoms that share electrons. Ionic bonds occur when atoms

bond from being positively or negatively charged.

Covalent Bond

Ionic Bond

By: Madeline

Ionic Bonds Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic

attraction between oppositely charged atoms. An ionic bond is like a magnet. To form an ionic bond you need a positively charged atom and a negatively charged atom. It is not possible for a charge to be completely ionic. An ionic charge is considered ionic bond when there is more electronegativity than positivity. Ionic compounds are typically not a solid and they have a relatively high melting point. You may wonder if it is possible to create a full ionic bond. The answer is no. This is because ions contain some covalent structure. It isn’t physically possible to have a full

ionic structure, it has to contain some covalent elements.

By: Hanna

Covalent BondsThere are two main chemical bonds. Covalent bonding, the stronger of the

two, is when two atoms share a pair of valence electrons, the outermost layer of the atom. These bonds are created when the two electrons have similar electronegativity. When two atoms are near each other, two similar electrons feel some attraction to the proton in the corresponding nucleus of the other atom. These attractions pull the electrons so close together, that once close enough, they become shared, creating a single bond. You might think, if this creates a single bond, can there be a double bond and beyond creating more than two electrons being shared? The answer is yes. There can also even be triple bonds. You may also think, what is the purpose of atoms coming together? This is because bonded atoms have a lower energy and are therefore more stable.

By: Donla

Comparing Ionic and Covalent BondsCovalent

● melting point is low● two components don’t share

electrons● more electropositivity● polarity is low● occurs between two non- metals● could be in any state in room

temperature

Ionic

● melting point is relatively high● two components share electrons● more electronegativity● polarity is high● occurs between one metal and

one non-metals● normally solid in room

temperature

By: Donla and Hanna

polarityChemical polarity is when the electrons being transferred are not always

distributed equally. One atom may apply more force on the electron than the other. One atom may also have a bigger electronegativity, how many electrons it can attract. These differences create uneven sharing in covalent bonds.

By: Donla

Investigative Questions

1. Is it possible to have 2 of the same atoms and 1 totally different atom to share electrons in a covalent bond?

2. Can a covalent bond take place with only 1 electron being shared? Or is that too few?

By: Gavin

Real World ExamplesOne example of an ionic bond is table salt or NaCl. Salt is formed when sodium and chloride

combine to form an ionic bond. We then use this salt on our foods and we can also put rock salt which is the same substance only less refined on icy or snowy roads to melt the snow so people can drive safely.

One example of a covalent bond is water or H20. It is a covalent and more specifically a polar covalent bond since water has more electronegativity than hydrogen. So that means that the electrons move more toward the oxygen nucleus than the hydrogen nucleus. Finally we use water in many ways such as drinking it, swimming in it, and using it for washing dishes.

By: Danilo

The EndtHANK YOU FOR WATCHING~