IOS110Introduction to Operating Systems using Windows

Session 9

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Objectives:

•Printers•Administering Printers•Troubleshooting

Printer – the software interface between the O/S and the print device

Print Device – the physical device that produces print output

Print queue – a list of jobs waiting to be printed

Printer drivers – converts graphics commands into instructions a particular print device can understand

Printer ports – software interface between PC and print device (COM1: COM2:, LPT1:...)

Print spooling – writing the contents of a print job to disk before sending to the print device

Print Server – a computer that controls all of the printing on a network

WYSIWYG – (wizzy-wig) - What You See Is What You Get. A term to indicate that the image on the video terminal will be faithfully reproduced on another media (e.g. print)

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Terminology

Printers

Print Process

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Printers

User creates a document,then clicks Print

WinXP creates a Print Job, includingdocument and printer commands

1WinXP queries Print Serverfor most recent version of PrintDriver, and downloads it

2Graphics Device Interface (GDI) and print driver may convert the print job into a rendered WinXP enhanced metafile (EMF) or into RAW format

EMFRAW

GDI

Spooler

Print Process

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Printers

Spooler

Client Server

RPC

Print Router

Print Processor

EMF RAW

Print Provider

Separator PageProcessor

PrintMonitor

Job spooled to Print Serveror local disk

Check kind of data received and pass to appropriate Print Processor of Print Provider

Convert EMF to RAW if necessary

Print Setups

Local Printing

Small peer-to-peer Network

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Printers

Print Setups

Central Print Server

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Printers

Print Setups

Remote or Internet Printing

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Printers

Creating a Local Printer

WinXP has limitations that are not in Win2K or .NET Server

Which groups have permission to create a local printer?

3 ways to configure a print device• Local• Remote• Network

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Printers

Setting up TCP/IP PrintingPrint Devices that have their own Network Interface Card

If Windows is servicing non-Microsoft clients, add ons are available:•Services for MacIntosh•Services for UNIX 2.0•File and Print Services for NetWare

If Windows accessing UNIX Print Server:•Print Services for UNIX

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Printers

Administering Printers

Printer PermissionsLike NTFS Files and Folders, printers also have ACLs.

Permissions:•Print•Manage Printers•Manage Documents

Conflicting Permissions – receives highest level (except when denied)

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Administering Printers

Auditing Printers – Best Practices•Configure auditing of both success and failure events for Change Permissions and Take Ownership operations on printers with restrictive permissions•Configure auditing of failure events for Print operations on printers with restrictive permissions•Configure auditing of success and failure events for Full Control operations•Configure auditing of success events for Delete operations on printers with less restrictive permissions

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Administering Printers

Printer Pools•Multiple print devices acting under the same name under control of a print server•Speeds up printing, as jobs are no longer processed serially

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Administering Printers

Printer Priorities•Opposite of printer pools•Many printers pointing to a single print device, where each printer has its own priority (1 lowest (default), 99 highest)

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Administering Printers

Spool Settings•When jobs get stuck (paper jams etc.) you may need to restart the Print Spooler Service•Spool settings can be set on a per printer basis:

• Spool print documents so program finishes printing faster• Print directly to the printer• Hold mismatched documents• Print spooled documents first• Keep documents after they have printed• Enable advanced printing features

Separator Pages•Used to identify client who created job, when the job was submitted

Redirecting Printing•If printer has a failure, or needs to be taken off-line for maintenance•Redirects all documents for the server•Cannot redirect individual documents•Cannot redirect a document that is already printing – if there has been a printer failure, the user may need to resubmit their job.

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Administering Printers

Taking Ownership of a Printer•The person that adds the printer is the owner – if, for example, they leave the company, the ownership may need to change•Requires Manage Printers permission (Administrators and Power Users built-in groups have this permission)

Connecting to an Internet Printer•Remote Win2K/.NET print server needs to be running Internet Information Service (IIS)•Can be installed on WinXP, however WinXP supports a maximum of _______ connections•The printer is available through an HTTP connection, as if it was a Webpage.

FAX Service•Requires FAX modem to be attached•The FAX modem is treated as a print device•Can send and receive faxes•Can be set up with name/address displayed on outgoing faxes, cover pages, notification

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Administering Printers

Troubleshooting

Common Problems'Cannot print'

Access Denied

Garbled output

Hard disk thrashing or documents not printing

Remember, only Administrators have Load and Unload Device Drivers permission – should be added to Power Users.

Bidirectional printing problems – disable it

Improperly configured ports – bidirectional printing set up for a print device that does not support it

TCP/IP has its own set of issues (check for SNMP support to help with diagnostics)

Graphic images do not print – disable enhanced metafile spooling

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Troubleshooting