IOT based Parking System using Android and Google Mapsripublication.com/ijaer18/ijaerv13n20_32.pdf · detail such as testing of features of parking management, Parking space occupancies

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 13, Number 20 (2018) pp. 14689-14697

© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

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IOT based Parking System using Android and Google Maps

Yousuf Sulaiman Ali Al Waili1, Shaik Mazhar Hussain2, Kamaludin Mohamed Yusof 3,

Shaik Ashfaq Hussain 4, Rolito Asuncion5, Anilloy Frank6

1, 2, 5,6Middle East College, 2, 3, 4 University Teknologi Malaysia Muscat. Oman1, 2, 5, 6 Malaysia, Johor Bahru2, 3, 4

Abstract

The advent of IOT has alleviated major issues of people living

in rural and urban areas. It has expanded its feathers almost in

all areas of applications such as Smart Homes, Smart Farming,

Smart Supply Chain, Smart Retail, Smart Health Monitoring

Systems, Automobile Industry, Smart grid Systems and Smart

Cities. The proposed work is mainly focused on providing

solution to one of the smart city problem which is vehicle

parking Management System. The proposed work is

implemented using Arduino Mega, Ultrasonic Sensors, Wi-Fi

Module, Android and Google maps. The proposed system is

designed to track the vacant parking slots through the IOT

technology utilizing Android application and Google maps.

The Wi-Fi Module is used to send the information to the server.

The proposed work will reduce the time and exertion of looking

for empty parking slots. Finally, detailed results were presented

in this paper.

INTRODUCTION

Intelligent Transportation aims at providing benefits to the

Social, Energy and Economic. For this ITS makes use of

various kinds of Information and Communication technologies.

In recent years, various ITS projects have been carried out

focusing on traffic and road issues. One of the major functions

of ITS system is to improve Transportation system.

Some of the functions carried by Intelligent Transportation

Systems are Collecting Information, Processing the

information, integrating the Information and providing results

in real time [1] [2] [3]. ITS provides access to end users with

more coordination and intelligent operation considering any

kind of scenario such as Water, Rail, air etc.

As mentioned in [4] One of the basic ideas to build ITS is using

internet of things. In [5], IOT Intelligent transportation system

is developed to monitor different weather conditions based on

which proper precautions could be taken. Internet of things is

an agglomeration of Physical devices connected to the internet

to exchange useful Information. The term first coined by Kevin

Ashton. IOT finds its applications almost in all areas such as

Consumer applications-Smart Home, Enterprise application

such as Agriculture, Manufacturing, Energy Management,

Environmental Monitoring, Building automations and home

automations.

IOT also finds its application in medical, transportation etc.

One of the major issues that is found in daily routine is with

traffic congestion and hence vehicle parking systems. As

mentioned in [6] [7], IOT is one of the emerging technologies

which could be applied to make the cities as Smart Cities.

Various technologies have been used to resolve the problems

of transportation system.

In [8], Cloud MIMO technology is used for Smart Parking

system. This technique is based on cloud version where a

parking sensor antenna transmitter is deployed which transmits

the signals to distributed receiver antennas. In [9], a pilot

project is implemented where several cases were studied in

detail such as testing of features of parking management,

Parking space occupancies etc. In another paper [10] , a detailed

analysis is carried out in Melbourne city using Parking

guidance system. A detailed Analysis is done and an

improvement is shown with the existing systems.

In another paper [11], an effective technique is utilized to

implement smart parking system. An Anonymous smart

parking and payment scheme (ASAP) is used and showed

improved analytical results. Several technologies and

techniques have been implemented and Researchers have

contributed to the development of Smart Parking system across

the world. Due to the increase in Vehicles, Pollution and Traffic

congestion are few factors that can adversely affect the

transportation system. As mentioned in [12], Precise and

Appropriate measurements are the key factors in

Transportation system since Knowing travelling paths and

modes is crucial for the success of Transportation system.

Intelligent Transportation Conceptual model is shown in

Figure 1.

Figure 1: ITS Conceptual model [13]



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Several other approaches have been adapted to analyze

intelligent transportation system. One of the approach that is

adapted to analyze intelligent transportation system (ITS) is

Simulation based approaches as mentioned in [13]. An ITS

modelling language is shown in figure 2.

Figure 2. ITS Modelling Language [13]

The paper is organized in various sections. Section II discusses

about Existing works, Section III discusses about methodology,

Section IV discusses about proposed system. Lastly,

Conclusion summarizes the research work.

EXISTING WORK

Several Research works have been studied and analyzed.

Various technologies have been recognized. Several pitfalls

were identified. A comparative analysis is done to figure out

the pros and cons of the existing works and to relate with the

proposed system. In [14] [15] [16], the smart parking system is

designed based on wireless sensor networks (WSN’s) to find

free parking places. In this work, sensor nodes have been

deployed at each parking slot. The status of the parking slot will

be communicated to web servers via deployed communication

networks and accordingly the users can know their parking

slots using mobile applications. However, the system is

implemented using a basic microcontroller. Raising few pitfalls

of sensor nodes such as high power consumption, deployment

costs, the authors in paper [17] have developed narrow band

IOT based on wide area applications. However, a pool of papers

have been already working on solving issues on Low cost, Low

Power smart parking system for smart cities [18] [19] [20]. One

of the real time project published in [21] implements the car

parking system using RFID. However, aside RFID benefits it

possess few disadvantages such as more expensive,

maintenance and complexity. In [22] , advanced system for car

parking is developed where cars are parked underground. To

achieve this, various sensors, motors and software’s have been

used. In [23] [24] , Image processing technique is used.

Counting the number of vehicles and availability of stalls. The

system works in such a way that the car images are captured by

installing the camera near parking slots and accordingly

information is given to the drivers. However, one of the

disadvantage of digital cameras is fragile storage. In [25] [26]

[27] the authors have proposed a technique for smart car

parking system using microcontroller, GSM and android

application.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system is implemented considering the real time

issues faced in engineering colleges especially for part time

students attending evening classes. This is a crucial time since

everyone is in a hurry to back home from their jobs facing huge

traffic congestion and parking problems. Considering this, A

system is designed and developed for part time students who

can access the information about the parking slots in the college

remotely, while driving, even if they are few meters away from

the campus. Hence once they reach campus, there is no need of

wasting time for searching parking slots since remotely one can

know the free parking slot and through google and android

applications they can easily be Navigable. Hence the proposed

system ensures saving time, reduces student efforts and hence

the proposed system is user friendly. To execute this, a specific

methodology is chosen called as V-Methodology as the

proposed system is based on both Hardware and Software

Implementation.

METHODOLOGY

V-Methodology is the extended version of Water Fall

Methodology. It has got seven different phases as shown below.

Each phase is discussed in brief relates to the proposed system.

The V- Methodology is shown in figure 3.

1. Requirement Phase

2. System Design

3. Function Testing

4. Implementation

5. Validation

1. Requirement Phase: This phase includes the requirement

of the proposed work carried out such as data sheet of

hardware components and analyzing the user needs. The

requirement phase describes the requirements of hardware

but not software.

2. System Design: This phase describes the user requirement

analyzed by the designers. Any issue found in the

requirement stage would be sorted out and solved

accordingly

3. Function Testing Phase : The function testing is carried

out using simulation software and hard ware function

testing is carried out using various hardware testing

techniques

4. Implementation Phase: After ensuring function testing,

the next phase is implementing the hardware design

5. Validation: This phase consists of various testing phases

such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing and

user acceptance testing. In unit testing, each unit is tested

separately. After passing through this phase, all units are

integrated and tested. The final phase is system testing.



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Figure 3. V-Methodology [28]

As shown in the figure 3, V-Methodology consists of several

phases that is essential for any kind of Hardware and software

based designs. The methodology starts with Requirement phase

and ends with Validation phase.

The below figure 4 shows the block diagram of proposed

system.

Figure 4. System Block Diagram

As shown in Figure 4 , Arduino Mega 2560 is used where the

other components are integrated and interfaced to arduinio

mega. Such components include GPS module which is used to

navigate the parking slots for the users. Ultrasonic sensors are

placed in the parking areas that senses the presence of vehicles

and accordingly transmits the information to the user.ESP 8266

is used to send the information to a cloud platform called

Thinkspeak where any user can access the information about

the free and occupied parking slots. Below figure 5 shows the

data flow of the proposed work.

Figure 5. Flowchart of the proposed work



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As shown in figure 5, the system starts by initializing

Ultrasonic sensor, GPS module and ESP 8266. If the parking

slots are empty / occupied, the information is updated and any

user can access the updated information based on which

necessary actions could be executed. Below Figures shows the

Simulation results of the proposed work.

Figure 6. Simulation of Proposed work

Figure 7. LCD is initialized

Figure 8. LCD is displaying startup messages



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Figure 9. LCD displays “Parking Empty” Message

Figure 10. LCD displays message “Parking Full”

Figure 11. LCD displays status of parking slots



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Hardware Design and Implementation :

Figure 12. Hardware Connection 1




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CONCLUSION

The proposed work is designed considering the issues of part

time students who often find difficulty for searching empty

parking slots. The designed system could be very helpful for

tracking the empty parking slots and hence saves time. To

achieve the objectives and to ensure the effectiveness of the

design, V-Methodology is adapted. The developed model also

reduces the problem of traffic congestion at parking places

since the user can know the empty parking slots using Android

application and can easily navigable through GPS and google

maps. Further, In future this design could be enhanced and

implemented in public areas and crowded places.

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IOT based Parking System using Android and Google Mapsripublication.com/ijaer18/ijaerv13n20_32.pdf · detail such as testing of features of parking management, Parking space occupancies