UPOV: The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) is an

intergovernmental organization with headquarters in Geneva (Switzerland).

UPOV was established by the International Convention for the Protection of New

Varieties of Plants. The Convention was adopted in Paris in 1961 and it was revised

in 1972, 1978 and 1991. The objective of the Convention is the protection of new

varieties of plants by an intellectual property right.

TLT – Trade mark Law Treaty Nature of Marks (a) This Treaty shall apply to marks consisting of visible signs, provided that only those Contracting Parties which accept for registration three-dimensional marks shall be obliged to apply this Treaty to such marks. (b) This Treaty shall not apply to hologram marks and to marks not consisting of visible signs, in particular, sound marks and olfactory marks. Kinds of Marks (a) This Treaty shall apply to marks relating to goods (trademarks) or services (service marks) or both goods and services. (b) This Treaty shall not apply to collective marks, certification marks and guarantee marks. Budapest treaty: Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure Done at Budapest on April 28, 1977, and amended on September 26, 1980 Rome convention: Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations Berne convention: Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works Paris convention: Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property