IPS Chapter 4IPS Chapter 4

SolubilitySolubility

DefinitionsDefinitions

MixtureMixture A physical combination of elements A physical combination of elements

and/or compounds. and/or compounds. Components keep their identityComponents keep their identity

DefinitionsDefinitions

– Homogeneous- Consistent Homogeneous- Consistent

composition within the sample composition within the sample (Solution)(Solution) Coke, Gatorade, airCoke, Gatorade, air

– Heterogeneous- Different Heterogeneous- Different composition within same samplecomposition within same sample Blood, pizza, rocksBlood, pizza, rocks

Parts of a SolutionParts of a Solution

SoluteSolute– Part which is dissolved- usually solidPart which is dissolved- usually solid

SolventSolvent– Part in which solute is dissolved- usually Part in which solute is dissolved- usually

liquidliquid PrecipitatePrecipitate

– Undissolved solidUndissolved solid

How much is dissolved?How much is dissolved?

SaturatedSaturated– No more solute can be dissolvedNo more solute can be dissolved

UnsaturatedUnsaturated– More can be dissolvedMore can be dissolved

SupersaturatedSupersaturated– More solute is added than can be More solute is added than can be

dissolved- dissolved- PrecipitatePrecipitate forms forms

ConcentrationConcentration

How much solute is dissolved in a How much solute is dissolved in a solventsolvent

Expressed in g/cmExpressed in g/cm33

How does this differ from density since How does this differ from density since density uses the same unit?density uses the same unit?

Density refers to one substance, while Density refers to one substance, while concentration refers to two.concentration refers to two.

Divide mass of solute by volume of Divide mass of solute by volume of solvent to determine concentrationsolvent to determine concentration

SolubilitySolubility

The maximum amount of solute that The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent.can be dissolved in a solvent.

The concentration of a saturated The concentration of a saturated solutionsolution

Expressed in g/100cmExpressed in g/100cm33

Multiply concentration by 100Multiply concentration by 100 Is a Characteristic property of the solute Is a Characteristic property of the solute

in that solvent.in that solvent. Dependent on temperatureDependent on temperature

Other definitionsOther definitions

SolubleSoluble– Can be dissolvedCan be dissolved

InsolubleInsoluble– Cannot be dissolvedCannot be dissolved

Mixtures of gases Mixtures of gases and liquidsand liquids

MiscibleMiscible– Can be mixedCan be mixed

ImmiscibleImmiscible– Cannot be mixedCannot be mixed