IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Formlieth.ucdavis.edu/pub/RepLim/RepLim265 Mesotrione G... · The Cotoneaster plants suffered heat stress during the third week

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form

Researcher(s): Heiner Lieth, UC Davis PRNumber(s): 27077, 27101, 27133, 27233, 27201

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Project Title: Phytotoxicity of Mesotrione G applied over the top to selected woody ornamental plants Protocol #: 08-010 Narrative Summary (Results/Discussion) Note: The protocol specified a high concentration of 300 lb per acre (3X) Mesotrione G. For these trials, a high concentration of 400 lb. per acre (4X) was used. Abelia Phytotoxicity. The phytotoxicity index values for the Abelia plants in the 1X treatment group rose dramatically with a mean of 2.3 by week 4 and 4.1 by week 10 (Tables 1a and 6a, Figures 1a and 2). The phytotoxicity index levels in the 2X and 4X treatment groups were even greater. Symptoms included bleaching of leaves followed by necrosis. Mesotrione is not safe on Abelia at any of the tested levels. Plant Growth. While the variability in height and width changes resulted in no treatment effect, the volume index did show a significant treatment effect with the plants in the control group growing and the plants in the 2X and 4X treatments losing canopy volume (Tables 2 and 6a, Figure 3a). Mesotrione caused growth inhibition for Abelia. Berberis Phytotoxicity and Plant Growth. The first Mesotrione application resulted in no phytotoxic effect on Berberis. After the second application the levels of phytotoxicity index were above 2 for all treatment plants and below 1 for the control plants (Tables 1b and 6b, Figure 1a). Symptoms included leaf necrosis and subsequent abscission. It bears noting that one of the control plants had some very serious damage while all others had none. There was also substantial variability in each of the treatment groups. The result was that despite the dramatic effect that appears to be present in Figure 1a, the statistical analysis could not separate out the treatments. The data were reanalyzed to lump all plants receiving Mesotrione and to compare the effect of control against herbicide without regard to concentration. This analysis showed that there is a treatment difference in phytotoxicity index at the 90% level (Table 1b). The original as well as lumped analysis did not show significant differences in growth reduction with use of the herbicide (Tables 2 and 6b, Figure 3b). Phytotoxicity resulted on plants treated with Mesotirone especially after the second application. Mesotrione is not safe on Berberis. Cotoneaster Phytotoxicity. The Cotoneaster plants suffered heat stress during the third week of the experiment when maximum temperatures ranged from 92°F to 101°F (Table 4a). This resulted in damage ratings near 2 for the control plants at week 4 (Tables 1a and 6c, Figures 1a and 2). The symptoms included bleached leaf margins, leaf necrosis and abscission. At the same time there



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were significant treatment effects at weeks 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8 with the 2X and 4X treatments showing average phytotoxicity levels significantly greater than the control or 1X. By the end of the trial, however, all groups showed elevated damage ratings and no significant differences so that the trial should be considered inconclusive. Plant Growth. The plants grew in height and width over the course of the experiment (Tables 2 and 6c, Figure 3c). There were no treatment differences in growth. Rhaphiolepis Phytotoxicity. No phytotoxicity was evident on any Rhaphiolepis plants for the first 7 weeks of the trial (Tables 1a and 6d, Figure 1a). At week 8 slight leaf chlorosis appeared on some plants exposed to Mesotrione at the 2X and 4X rate, with average phytotoxicity index levels of below 1. This level of damage would not affect plant salability. Plant Growth. There were no significant differences in height increase among the control and the treatment groups (Tables 2 and 6d, Figure 3d). The average width increase of 7.6 cm for the control plants was significantly greater than that for the plants in the 1X and 4X treatment groups (4.5 and 4.2 cm respectively). Consequently, the Rhaphiolepis plants exposed to Mesotrione showed significantly less volume increase. This significant reduction in growth over the 10 week period for plants treated with the herbicide suggests that Mesotrione is not safe on Rhaphiolepis. Nepeta Phytotoxicity. The phytotoxicity mean values for Nepeta plants treated with the 1X rate of Mesotrione were 2 or greater for week 4, 7 and 10 indicating significant phytotoxicity (Tables 1a and 6e, Figure 1b). Phytotoxicity index means were even higher for the 2X and 4X treatment groups. Symptoms included bleaching of leaves followed by leaf necrosis. The treatment effect was significant at all observation dates indicating Mesotrione is not safe on Nepeta. Plant Growth. Both average height increase and average width increase showed significant treatment effects (Tables 2 and 6e, Figure 3e). While height increase in the Control, 1X and 2X treatments were not significantly different from each other, the height increase in the 4X treatment was significantly lower. For the width increase, all Mesotrione treatments resulted in significantly lower values suggesting that Mesotrione causes growth inhibition on Nepeta. Materials & Methods: Plant Material and Culture. The plants for these trials were grown as indicated in Table 3. The experiment ran from May 28, 2008 to August 6, 2008 for the Abelia, Berberis, Cotoneaster and Rhaphiolepis plants. The Nepeta experiment ran from August 14, 2008 to October 23, 2008. Both experiments took place in an outdoor nursery under full sun. The plants were irrigated daily during the 10-week experiment using an automatic overhead sprinkler sustem delivering 1.5L



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per hour. Environmental conditions during the trials are indicated in Table 4a for the Abelia, Berberis, Cotoneaster and Rhaphiolepis experiment and in Table 4b for the Nepeta experiment. Experimental Procedure. Thirty-six plants were randomly chosen and individually tagged for treatment with 0 (Control), 1X, 2X or 4X rates of the herbicide with 9 replicates per treatment. These dosages were prescribed in IR4 Ornamental Protocol 08-010 (Appendix A). The plants were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 blocks and 3 replicate plants per block. The Abelia, Berberis, Cotoneaster and Rhaphiolepis plants received the first application on May 28, 2008 and the second application 6 weeks later on July 9, 2008. The Nepeta plants received the first application on August 14, 2008 and the second application 6 weeks later on September 25, 2008. Data Collection. Phytotoxicity ratings were taken at week 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 10.The dates for those observations were May 28, June 4, 11, July 9, 16, 23, and August 6, 2008 for the Abelia, Berberis, Cotoneaster and Rhaphiolepis plants. The observation dates were August 14, 21, 28, September 11, 25, October 2, 9, and 23, 2008 for the Nepeta plants. Visual phytotoxicity evaluations were based on a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (no injury) to 10 (complete kill) (Table 5). Plant height and width were measured at week 0 and week 10. Plant height (cm) was measured from the container soil surface to the top of the canopy. Plant width (cm) was measured twice along perpendicular lines at the widest part of the plant, resulting in W1 and W2. For each observation a canopy volume index was calculated so as to be able to determine if canopy volume was affected by the application of herbicide. The calculation was made as H*W1*W2, where H is the height and W1 and W2 are two width measurements. The usefulness of this index is based on the fact that many of the models for such a volume calculation are of the form a*H*W1*W2. The constant “a” depends on the assumption of the shape of the canopy. Since analyses of variance are scale-independent, the conclusion will thus be for the volume of the plant canopy. Statistical Analysis. The data were analyzed using Proc GLM of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The phytotoxicity and change in mean value from the starting plant height, width and volume index were analyzed for significant differences using t-tests. Acknowledgements: The research was supported through funding from the USDA IR-4 Program, Western Region based at UC Davis, Davis, CA. Personnel involved in this project included Linda Dodge (trial coordination, data collection, report compilation), Ron Lane (pesticide application, pest management), Marian Shahid, Jennifer Orsi, Katie Gross, Hsin Yi Cheng, Yan Zhaung and Dylan Portnoff (plant culture, data collection). The materials being tested were supplied by the manufacturer/distributor. The plants were supplied by Monrovia Nursery, Visalia CA.



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Table 1a. Phytotoxicity changes over 10 weeks for Abelia, Cotoneaster, Rhaphiolepis and Nepeta plants treated with 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6. Differing letters a, b, c… designate significant differences among the four means; "Yes" or "no" indicates whether there was an overall significant treatment effect at the 5% level (NA means no variation in data; "yes at 10%" means treatment effect was significant at 10% but not at the 5% level). Means ± SD (n=9) Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Abelia PR# 27077 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week no 2 weeks yes 4 weeks yes 6 weeks yes 7 weeks yes 8 weeks yes 10 week yes 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 c 0.22 ± 0.15 c 0.22 ± 0.15 c 0.11 ± 0.11 d 0.33 ± 0.33 c 0.33 ± 0.33 c 1X 0.22 ± 0.22 a 0.44 ± 0.29 c 2.33 ± 0.50 b 2.33 ± 0.50 b 2.89 ± 0.42 c 3.89 ± 0.11 b 4.11 ± 0.11 b 2X 0.22 ± 0.15 a 1.22 ± 0.32 b 3.89 ± 0.54 a 3.89 ± 0.54 a 4.22 ± 0.40 b 4.56 ± 0.24 b 4.78 ± 0.22 b 4X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 2.67 ± 0.24 a 4.67 ± 0.24 a 4.67 ± 0.24 a 6.33 ± 0.58 a 6.44 ± 0.50 a 6.89 ± 0.45 a Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Cotoneaster PR# 27133 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week (NA) 2 weeks yes 4 weeks yes 6 weeks yes 7 weeks yes 8 weeks yes 10 week no 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 2.11 ± 0.31 b 2.11 ± 0.31 b 3.00 ± 0.00 c 3.00 ± 0.00 c 3.33 ± 0.24 b 1X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.22 ± 0.15 b 2.67 ± 0.29 b 2.67 ± 0.29 b 3.22 ± 0.15 bc 3.44 ± 0.18 b 3.56 ± 0.18 ab 2X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.33 ± 0.24 b 3.56 ± 0.24 a 3.56 ± 0.24 a 3.56 ± 0.18 b 3.78 ± 0.15 a 3.67 ± 0.17 ab 4X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 1.44 ± 0.24 a 3.67 ± 0.17 a 3.67 ± 0.17 a 4.00 ± 0.00 a 4.00 ± 0.00 a 4.00 ± 0.00 a Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Rhaphiolepis PR# 27233 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week (NA) 2 weeks (NA) 4 weeks (NA) 6 weeks (NA) 7 weeks yes at 10% 8 weeks yes 10 week yes at 10% 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.00 ± 0.00 b 1X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.00 ± 0.00 b 2X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.22 ± 0.15 a 0.56 ± 0.18 a 0.22 ± 0.15 ab 4X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.44 ± 0.29 a 0.89 ± 0.45 a Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Nepeta PR# 27201 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week yes 2 weeks yes 4 weeks yes 6 weeks yes 7 weeks yes 8 weeks yes 10 week yes 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 c 0.00 ± 0.00 c 0.00 ± 0.00 c 0.33 ± 0.33 c 0.67 ± 0.44 b 0.44 ± 0.29 d 0.89 ± 0.35 c 1X 0.67 ± 0.33 c 0.78 ± 0.40 c 2.00 ± 0.00 b 1.78 ± 0.28 b 2.56 ± 0.29 a 1.56 ± 0.29 c 4.67 ± 0.71 a 2X 1.89 ± 0.48 b 1.89 ± 0.48 b 2.00 ± 0.00 b 2.22 ± 0.15 ab 3.00 ± 0.00 a 2.89 ± 0.11 b 1.56 ± 0.29 bc 4X 3.00 ± 0.00 a 3.00 ± 0.00 a 3.00 ± 0.00 a 2.67 ± 0.17 a 3.00 ± 0.00 a 3.89 ± 0.11 a 2.56 ± 0.18 b



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Table 1b. Phytotoxicity changes over 10 weeks for Berberis plants treated with 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6. Differing letters a, b, c… designate significant differences among the four means; "Yes" or "no" indicates whether there was an overall significant treatment effect at the 5% level (NA means no variation in data; "yes at 10%" means treatment effect was significant at 10% but not at the 5% level). Means ± SD (n=9) Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Berberis PR# 27101 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week (NA) 2 weeks (NA) 4 weeks no 6 weeks no 7 weeks no 8 weeks no 10 week no 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.33 ± 0.33 b 0.67 ± 0.67 b 1X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.22 ± 0.22 a 0.22 ± 0.22 a 2.11 ± 0.93 ab 2.56 ± 1.03 ab 3.78 ± 1.46 ab 2X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.44 ± 0.29 a 0.44 ± 0.29 a 2.89 ± 1.29 a 2.89 ± 1.29 ab 3.56 ± 1.38 ab 4X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.44 ± 0.44 a 0.44 ± 0.44 a 3.56 ± 0.94 a 4.44 ± 0.91 a 5.67 ± 1.14 a Phytotoxicity Effect of Mesotrione on Berberis PR# 27101 Phytotoxicity Index Increase from beginning of trial until: Treatment 1 week (NA) 2 weeks (NA) 4 weeks no 6 weeks no 7 weeks yes at 10% 8 weeks yes at 10% 10 week yes at 10% 0X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 b 0.33 ± 0.33 b 0.67 ± 0.67 b 1X, 2X, 4X 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.00 ± 0.00 a 0.37 ± 0.19 a 0.37 ± 0.19 a 2.85 ± 0.60 a 3.30 ± 0.62 a 4.33 ± 0.76 a



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Figure 1a. Phytotoxicity ratings for Abelia, Berberis, Cotoneaster and Rhaphiolepis plants exposed to two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6 (arrows). See Table 5 for explanation of ratings.



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Figure 1b. Phytotoxicity ratings for Nepeta plants exposed to two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6 (arrows). See Table 5 for explanation of ratings.

Figure 2. Phytotoxicity symptoms seen on Abelia (left) and Cotoneaster (right) 6 weeks after the first application of 1X (100 lb. per acre) Mesotrione G. Leaves appeared bleached on the margins or over much of the surface.



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Table 2. Growth changes over 10 weeks for plants treated with 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6. Differing letters a, b, c… designate significant differences among the four means; "Yes" or "no" indicates whether there was an overall significant treatment effect at the 5% level (NA means no variation in data; "yes at 10%" means treatment effect was significant at 10% but not at the 5% level). Means ± SD (n=9) Growth Effect of Mesotrione on Abelia Increase by week 10 of: Crop Treatment Height (cm) no Average Width (cm) no Volume Index yes Abelia 0X 0.22 ± 1.19 a 5.11 ± 2.69 a 7240.26 ±3153.47 a PR# 27077 1X -4.17 ± 2.02 b 4.00 ± 3.16 a 1529.60 ±5743.52 a 2X -3.78 ± 1.26 ab 2.97 ± 2.29 ab -2857.2 ±5822.93 ab 4X -4.94 ± 1.21 b -4.42 ± 2.21 b -14683 ±5473.48 b Treatment Height (cm) no Average Width (cm) no Volume Index no Berberis 0X -0.50 ± 1.66 a 8.58 ± 1.53 a 7701.03 ±2421.40 a PR# 27101 1X -0.56 ± 2.06 a 8.03 ± 1.84 a 7033.72 ±2456.04 a 2X -0.11 ± 2.47 a 5.86 ± 1.48 a 5553.75 ±2138.13 a 4X -5.61 ± 1.89 a 4.39 ± 1.48 a 2421.49 ±1715.34 a Treatment Height (cm) no Average Width (cm) no Volume Index no Berberis 0X -0.50 ± 1.66 a 8.58 ± 1.53 a 7701.03 ±2421.40 a PR# 27101 1X, 2X, 4X -2.09 ± 1.29 a 6.09 ± 0.94 a 5002.99 ±1237.56 a Treatment Height (cm) no Average Width (cm) no Volume Index no Cotoneaster 0X 3.78 ± 0.51 a 3.72 ± 1.02 a 4146.93 ± 990.67 a PR# 27133 1X 2.44 ± 0.38 b 2.61 ± 0.57 a 2517.90 ± 453.26 ab 2X 3.00 ± 0.56 ab 3.06 ± 1.17 a 3180.33 ±1454.60 ab 4X 2.00 ± 0.31 b 1.42 ± 0.31 a 1446.79 ± 325.64 b Treatment Height (cm) yes at 10% Average Width (cm) yes at 10% Volume Index yes Rhaphiolepis 0X 3.11 ± 0.76 ab 7.64 ± 0.87 a 6625.25 ±1128.79 a PR# 27233 1X 4.44 ± 0.94 a 4.50 ± 0.80 b 3042.97 ± 650.89 b 2X 2.22 ± 0.71 b 6.11 ± 0.94 ab 4016.25 ± 812.63 b 4X 1.67 ± 0.54 b 4.33 ± 0.70 b 2568.06 ± 483.36 b Treatment Height (cm) yes Average Width (cm) yes Volume Index yes Nepeta 0X 5.94 ± 0.71 ab 16.83 ± 1.66 a 28650.7 ±3003.80 a PR# 27201 1X 7.39 ± 1.17 a 11.33 ± 1.94 b 20917.4 ±3403.55 a 2X 6.28 ± 0.71 ab 11.50 ± 1.57 b 21086.5 ±2991.28 a 4X 4.00 ± 0.75 b 7.94 ± 0.62 b 12170.8 ±1390.16 b



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Block A

Block B

Block C CONTROL 1X 2X 4X Figure 3a. Abelia plants 10 weeks after two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6.



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Block A

Block B

Block C CONTROL 1X 2X 4X Figure 3b. Berberis plants 10 weeks after two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6.



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Block A

Block B

Block C CONTROL 1X 2X 4X Figure 3c. Cotoneaster plants 10 weeks after two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6.



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Block A

Block B

Block C CONTROL 1X 2X 4X Figure 3d. Rhaphiolepis plants 10 weeks after two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6.



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Block A

Block B

Block C CONTROL 1X 2X 4X Figure 3e. Nepeta plants 10 weeks after two applications of 0 (Control), 100 (1X), 200 (2X), or 400 (4X) lb. per acre Mesotrione G at weeks 0 and 6.



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Table 3. Materials & Methods/Recordkeeping Protocol number

08-010 08-010 08-010 08-010 08-010

Product Short Name

Mesotrione G Mesotrione G Mesotrione G Mesotrione G Mesotrione G

Production Site Description

Field Container

Field Container

Field Container

Field Container

Field Container

PR Number 27077 27101 27133 27233 27201 Crop Latin Name

Abelia sp. Berberis thunbergii

Cotoneaster horizontalis

Rhaphiolepis indica

Nepeta x faassenii

Crop Common Name

Abelia Barberry Cotoneaster Indian Hawthorn

Catmint

Crop Cultivar Edward Goucher

Crimson Pygmy

Perpusillus Indian Princess none

Plant Source Liners from Monrovia 2008_03_18

Liners from Monrovia 2008_03_18



propagated from UCD stock plants

Transplant Date

2008_05_12 2008_05_05 2008_05_19 2008_05_22 2008_07_05

Potting Mix UC Mix UC Mix UC Mix UC Mix UC Mix Pot Size 1-gallon 1-gallon 1-gallon 1-gallon 1-gallon Spacing Pot-to-pot Pot-to-pot Pot-to-pot Pot-to-pot Pot-to-pot Expt. Design RCB RCB RCB RCB RCB Number of Reps

3 blocks with 3 reps per block = 9





Fertilizer Type Osmocote 15-9-12

Osmocote 15-9-12

Osmocote 15-9-12

Osmocote 15-9-12

Osmocote 15-9-12

Fertilizer Application Date

2008_05_12 2008_05_05 2008_05_19 2008_05_22 2008_07_05

Irrigation type and frequency

automatic overhead sprinklers daily





First Application and Measurements Date

2008_05_28 2008_05_28 2008_05_28 2008_05_28 2008_08_14

Second Application Date

2008_07_09 2008_07_09 2008_07_09 2008_07_09 2008_09_25

Final Measurements Date

2008_08_06 2008_08_06 2008_08_06 2008_08_06 2008_10_23



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Table 4a. Environmental conditions during the experiment from 2008_05_28 to 2008_08_06

Date Sol Rad (Ly/day)

Max Air Temp (°F)

Min Air Temp (°F)

Avg Vap (mBars)

Avg wSpd (MPH) Precip (in)

CIMIS ETo (in)

Avg Rel Hum (%)

5/28/2008 657 71.9 46.4 9.3 6.9 0 0.24 53 5/29/2008 658 73.3 47.8 10.2 6.7 0 0.24 57 5/30/2008 643 78.5 45.4 10.3 5.8 0 0.24 55 5/31/2008 663 76.1 51 11.1 8.2 0 0.24 58

6/1/2008 660 79.3 47.9 11.1 5.5 0 0.24 55 6/2/2008 662 82.3 48 10.6 5.5 0 0.25 50 6/3/2008 606 80.4 52.2 11 7.6 0 0.26 49 6/4/2008 666 78.6 54.9 7 9.9 0 0.33 31 6/5/2008 656 85 56.5 8.9 8.2 0 0.31 35 6/6/2008 679 79.5 49.6 8.9 6.6 0 0.28 42 6/7/2008 693 84.7 52.1 6.6 12.8 0 0.39 26 6/8/2008 692 90.8 60 7.3 8.4 0 0.35 24 6/9/2008 764 94.9 -- 10.7 5.6 0 0.29 26

6/10/2008 814 84.4 65.3 5.8 15.7 0 0.48 20 6/11/2008 800 87.9 61.6 5.4 15.2 0 0.45 -- 6/12/2008 787 92 65.5 6.1 11.7 0 0.42 18 6/13/2008 720 95.1 56.1 9.7 4 0 0.29 32 6/14/2008 720 86.9 53.4 12 5.6 0 0.28 50 6/15/2008 778 86.9 50.1 11.9 5.4 0 0.28 53 6/16/2008 772 84 48.3 11.9 5.5 0 0.27 57 6/17/2008 751 92.4 47.8 9.9 4.7 0 0.29 38 6/18/2008 769 93.4 52.8 6.8 5.3 0 0.32 22 6/19/2008 709 94 57.1 8.6 5.8 0 0.32 26 6/20/2008 730 99.4 57.2 9.8 3.9 0 0.31 27 6/21/2008 729 101 64.6 9.1 5.8 0 0.36 24 6/22/2008 727 89.9 56.4 10.3 4.2 0 0.28 38 6/23/2008 701 83.6 51.5 11.6 4.8 0 0.26 52 6/24/2008 624 89.3 51.6 11.7 5.8 0 0.27 49 6/25/2008 615 84.1 51.7 12.6 4.7 0 0.23 57 6/26/2008 507 86 53 13.3 3.7 0 0.2 56 6/27/2008 564 89.9 57.6 13.7 4.9 0 0.24 51 6/28/2008 631 87.5 55.1 12.7 5.7 0 0.26 51 6/29/2008 691 88.8 52.8 11.4 6 0 0.29 47 6/30/2008 702 87.3 51 12.5 5.8 0 0.27 53

7/1/2008 682 86.5 50.9 12.9 4.8 0 0.25 56 7/2/2008 675 89.4 53.3 12.6 5.3 0 0.28 48 7/3/2008 680 89.6 55.9 13.3 7.9 0 0.3 50 7/4/2008 673 81.9 53.9 14 5.7 0 0.25 59 7/5/2008 666 90.5 56.4 14.8 4.2 0 0.26 53 7/6/2008 638 94.6 59.4 15.6 4 0 0.27 48 7/7/2008 610 102.5 61.8 14.9 3.7 0 0.27 39 7/8/2008 620 104.8 65.9 14.5 6.9 0 0.34 35 7/9/2008 607 105.6 65.6 15.4 4.7 0 0.3 37

7/10/2008 458 96.6 63.6 16 4.8 0 0.21 48 7/11/2008 502 90.2 60.3 15.5 5.2 0 0.22 55 7/12/2008 574 89.1 61 14.3 4.8 0 0.24 49 7/13/2008 622 92.6 59.9 15.2 5.2 0 0.27 50 7/14/2008 649 89.3 60.3 14.5 7.5 0 0.28 53 7/15/2008 647 86 58.3 13.8 7 0 0.26 55 7/16/2008 658 89.7 54.2 14.2 4.6 0 0.25 56 7/17/2008 679 88.4 53.4 13.6 4.7 0 0.26 54 7/18/2008 668 92.2 50.6 12.9 4.1 0 0.26 50 7/19/2008 648 90.2 54.9 13 5.3 0 0.26 51 7/20/2008 662 78.9 51.4 11.8 8.2 0 0.25 60 7/21/2008 663 78.8 48 11.9 6.2 0 0.23 62 7/22/2008 623 89.7 46 11.6 3.8 0 0.23 50 7/23/2008 629 92.3 55.3 12.8 4.2 0 0.25 47



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7/24/2008 637 92.8 51.4 12.7 4.3 0 0.25 48 7/25/2008 612 92.2 54.2 12.8 3.8 0 0.25 45 7/26/2008 637 98.3 57.4 12.1 5.3 0 0.28 40 7/27/2008 663 86.1 56.4 14 6.7 0 0.26 58 7/28/2008 649 85.3 51.7 13 5.6 0 0.24 58 7/29/2008 628 89.3 56.4 12.4 5.6 0 0.25 51 7/30/2008 639 89.4 52.6 13 4.9 0 0.24 54 7/31/2008 634 89 53.4 12.3 5.5 0 0.26 50

8/1/2008 635 91 51.9 13 4.7 0 0.24 51 8/2/2008 625 95.3 56.4 12.5 4.8 0 0.26 43 8/3/2008 653 86.3 53.1 12 5 0 0.24 51 8/4/2008 641 89.1 50.4 12.3 4.9 0 0.25 52 8/5/2008 609 89.7 50.3 12.2 5 0 0.24 50 8/6/2008 592 92.4 58.7 12.3 4.8 0 0.25 43

Table 4b. Environmental conditions during the Nepeta experiment from 2008_08_14 to 2008_10_23

Date Net Rad (Ly/day)

Max Air Temp (°F)

Min Air Temp (°F)

Avg Vap (mBars)

Avg wSpd (MPH)

Precip (in)

CIMIS ETo (in)

Avg Rel Hum (%)

8/14/2008 315 103.3 59.9 13.4 4.8 0 0.26 41 8/15/2008 308 104.6 58.5 13 4.7 0 0.26 39 8/16/2008 304 92.3 60.5 13.7 6.2 0 0.24 48 8/17/2008 323 83.2 58.3 13.9 8.1 0 0.24 58 8/18/2008 324 81.1 56.9 13.8 8.5 0 0.24 61 8/19/2008 299 82.1 55.5 13.8 5 0 0.2 60 8/20/2008 308 87.9 54 15.4 4.9 0 0.22 60 8/21/2008 308 88.6 62.1 16.5 4.9 0 0.23 56 8/22/2008 300 92.3 57.2 15.2 4.3 0 0.22 53 8/23/2008 303 90.6 55.7 14.8 4.3 0 0.22 56 8/24/2008 302 94.1 53.5 14.2 4.4 0 0.23 51 8/25/2008 295 94.4 56.7 12.6 6.9 0 0.27 45 8/26/2008 293 94 55.1 11 5.4 0 0.25 39 8/27/2008 276 100.5 55.7 10.1 4.9 0 0.27 30 8/28/2008 296 101.9 67.6 10.9 7.1 0 0.3 27 8/29/2008 279 101.9 59.4 12.1 4.1 0 0.25 35 8/30/2008 280 93.7 59.2 12.7 6.6 0 0.25 45 8/31/2008 271 82.6 52.8 8.2 6.9 0 0.25 34

9/1/2008 254 85.4 62.2 5.2 16 0 0.4 19 9/2/2008 247 91.6 56.4 6.6 3.7 0 0.22 23 9/3/2008 239 97.6 58.3 7.8 5.1 0 0.25 25 9/4/2008 248 98.6 57.8 9.2 4.3 0 0.24 29 9/5/2008 248 100.3 54.5 10.1 3.9 0 0.23 30 9/6/2008 244 99.2 56.8 10.2 3.8 0 0.22 31 9/7/2008 245 96.1 56.5 11.4 4.3 0 0.21 40 9/8/2008 253 88.7 49.8 11.4 4.4 0 0.2 48 9/9/2008 246 77.7 50.5 12.3 7 0 0.18 61

9/10/2008 236 88.2 50.5 12.4 4.2 0 0.17 57 9/11/2008 236 88.7 50.6 12.6 4 0 0.18 54 9/12/2008 241 84.1 48 11.5 4.5 0 0.17 56 9/13/2008 221 87.6 44.7 10.8 3.5 0 0.16 54 9/14/2008 226 91.4 45.7 10.9 3.5 0 0.17 50 9/15/2008 221 90 49.6 11.6 3.7 0 0.17 50 9/16/2008 159 86 50.1 11.5 4.5 0 0.14 53 9/17/2008 223 76.6 49.1 9.8 6.8 0 0.18 52 9/18/2008 214 77.8 41.7 9.2 4.9 0 0.16 52 9/19/2008 210 78.3 48.8 11.3 5.2 0 0.16 58 9/20/2008 202 78 50 13.5 3.9 0 0.14 66 9/21/2008 207 79.9 49.3 12.3 4.1 0 0.16 59 9/22/2008 199 84.9 51.9 8.3 6.8 0 0.22 35 9/23/2008 196 90.6 45 7.4 2.9 0 0.17 32



17

9/24/2008 190 89.4 46.9 7.9 3.3 0 0.17 34 9/25/2008 179 90.4 52.5 8 3.2 0 0.17 31 9/26/2008 188 91.2 55.6 10.2 3.5 0 0.17 39 9/27/2008 180 94.1 54.4 9.7 4.3 0 0.19 35 9/28/2008 178 98.9 58.6 9.1 4.8 0 0.2 30 9/29/2008 176 88.9 55 11.9 4.7 0 0.16 50 9/30/2008 174 88.2 55.1 11.3 3.2 0 0.16 44 10/1/2008 152 90.2 53.1 10.3 3.8 0 0.16 39 10/2/2008 132 76.6 32 13.7 7.7 0 0.14 55 10/3/2008 25 70.3 52.8 13 6.4 0.04 0.06 70 10/4/2008 165 73.2 51.3 13.6 7.7 0.04 0.14 69 10/5/2008 171 75.1 43.9 11 3 0 0.12 63 10/6/2008 172 81.8 46.3 11.8 3 0 0.13 58 10/7/2008 165 86.8 50.6 10.6 3.7 0 0.15 47 10/8/2008 158 84.1 52.8 8.3 5.7 0 0.18 36 10/9/2008 147 72.4 52.1 4.4 13.2 0 0.28 23

10/10/2008 144 64.7 49.9 4 16.6 0 0.27 25 10/11/2008 141 65.4 47.9 3.5 13.5 0 0.24 22 10/12/2008 133 70.2 45.7 3.2 10.5 0 0.22 20 10/13/2008 134 81 49 4.3 8.3 0 0.21 22 10/14/2008 139 80.3 39.4 5.6 2.2 0 0.12 32 10/15/2008 142 82.8 42.6 6.6 2.6 0 0.13 36 10/16/2008 134 84.9 45.4 6.6 4.1 0 0.16 32 10/17/2008 117 84.7 43.4 7.6 2.2 0 0.11 39 10/18/2008 123 84.1 51.5 8.1 5 0 0.14 40 10/19/2008 132 76.9 43.6 9.2 3.4 0 0.11 56 10/20/2008 127 76 40.7 9.6 3 0 0.09 60 10/21/2008 108 79.9 46.5 5.8 11.2 0 0.24 27 10/22/2008 106 82.3 50.3 4.8 5.1 0 0.16 23 10/23/2008 108 87.2 45.4 5.6 2.9 0 0.13 29

Table 5. Numerical plant damage rating scale used for phytotoxicity determinations.

Rating Description of plant damage 0 No damage 1 No visible damage but unintended (non-permanent) impact 2 Slight leaf/tissue damage (curling leaves, necrosis, etc.) 3 Marginal chlorosis on some leaves (damage on up to 10% of plant) 4 10% – 20% of plant damaged 5 Significant damage to much of plant (30% - 40%) 6 40% – 60% of plant damaged 7 Chlorosis or necrosis on most of plant (60% - 70%) 8 Abscised leaves, branch dieback 9 Tissue severely damaged (80% - 100% of plant) 10 Complete kill



18

Table 6a Raw Data for Abelia Phytotoxicity Report Form Abelia Mesotrione IR4 Trial Phytotoxicity at week Plant Size at week 0 Plant Size at week 10 Height Width1 Width 2 Height Width1 Width 2 Treatment Block Rep 0 1 2 4 6 7 8 10 (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)

Control A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 43 17.5 20 67 24 Control A 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 14.5 28.5 19 14 32 21 Control A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.5 33 48 20 41 35 Control B 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 22.5 25 44 19.5 36 43 Control B 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 19 36 22 19 40 36 Control B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 52 37.5 19.5 36 36 Control C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31.5 23 57 30 49 32 Control C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16.5 21 22 22.5 53 21 Control C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26.5 41.5 27.5 23.5 51 36.5

Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 20.7 33.7 32.7 20.9 45.0 31.6 1X A 1 0 0 2 3 3 4 4 4 19.5 44 31.5 15 63 27 1X A 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 4 35 42 51.5 30 53 26.5 1X A 3 0 0 0 2 2 2 4 4 19.5 21 21 19 58.5 29 1X B 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 4 4 21.5 32 28 19 56 40 1X B 2 0 2 2 4 4 4 4 5 16 29 39 27 59.5 24.5 1X B 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 26 64.5 17.5 17 40 38 1X C 1 0 0 0 3 3 4 4 4 26 18 45 19 44.5 17 1X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 4 28 36 24 19.5 48 27 1X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 22.5 63 18.5 21 70.5 34.5 Mean 0.0 0.2 0.4 2.3 2.3 2.9 3.9 4.1 23.8 38.8 30.7 20.7 54.8 29.3

2X A 1 0 0 1 4 4 4 4 5 23.5 31.5 82 18 50 21 2X A 2 0 0 1 4 4 4 4 5 32.5 45 24 27 63.5 19.5 2X A 3 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 4 28 40 32 19.5 42.5 32 2X B 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 4 15 51 37 20.5 39 26.5 2X B 2 0 0 2 5 5 6 6 6 30.5 31 22 14 41 23 2X B 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 33 41.5 18 15 66 27 2X C 1 0 0 1 5 5 5 5 5 18 17 58 21.5 53 24.5 2X C 2 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 20 41 39.5 27.5 42.5 32.5 2X C 3 0 0 2 5 5 5 5 5 23.5 48.5 25.5 17 57 18.5 Mean 0.0 0.0 1.2 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.8 24.9 38.5 37.6 20.0 50.5 24.9

4X A 1 0 2 2 4 4 5 5 6 20.5 49.5 44.5 14 47 23 4X A 2 0 0 3 5 5 8 8 9 21.5 68.5 58 20 63.5 38 4X A 3 0 0 1 3 3 3 4 5 34.5 32 50 22 53 32.5 4X B 1 0 0 3 5 5 7 7 7 19 47.5 23 17.5 42 19.5 4X B 2 0 0 3 5 5 6 6 6 40 33 20 35.5 41 28.5 4X B 3 0 0 3 5 5 7 7 7 21 43 45 14.5 57 12 4X C 1 0 0 3 5 5 6 6 6 12.5 39.5 27 11 26 30 4X C 2 0 0 3 5 5 9 9 9 13 27 28 10 36 14 4X C 3 0 0 3 5 5 6 6 7 24.5 40 32 17.5 46 19 Mean 0.0 0.2 2.7 4.7 4.7 6.3 6.4 6.9 22.9 42.2 36.4 18.0 45.7 24.1



19

Table 6b Raw Data for Berberis Phytotoxicity Report Form Berberis Mesotrione IR4 Trial Phytotoxicity at week Plant Size at week 0 Plant Size at week 10 Height Width1 Width 2 Height Width1 Width 2

Treatment Block Rep 0 1 2 4 6 7 8 10 (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) Control A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 17.5 11 31 37 21 Control A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 12.5 11.5 22 21 14 Control A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 22 18 17.5 10 26.5 13 Control B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 24 10 23 33 26 Control B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 19 12 30 24.5 20 Control B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 19 11 22 37 24 Control C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 18 7 20 19 18 Control C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 16 6.5 25 23 15 Control C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20.5 24 15 21 41 11

Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.7 23.2 18.7 11.3 22.7 29.1 18.0 1X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 11 6 30 35.5 24 1X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 17 8 24.5 26 22 1X A 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 10 26 8 14 31.5 21 12 1X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 19 19 27.5 22.5 16 1X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 10 26 6 8 19.5 22 12 1X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 28.5 11 7 24.5 19 14 1X C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 16 7 23 30 20.5 1X C 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 25 11 12 17.5 24 10 1X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 31 20 7 20 20 13 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 2.1 2.6 3.8 25.1 13.2 9.8 24.2 24.4 15.9

2X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 5 19 10 9 17 9 7 2X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 17 9 30 25.5 27 2X A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 24 7 26.5 25 13 2X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 14 6.5 29.5 32 22.5 2X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 21 17 7 22 20 8.5 2X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 10 10 33.5 21 12.5 2X C 1 0 0 0 2 2 9 9 10 27 25 6 23.5 14 12 2X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 22 12 14 26.5 21.5 12 2X C 3 0 0 0 2 2 9 9 10 25 11 10.5 16 19 11 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.9 3.6 24.8 15.6 8.8 24.9 20.8 13.9

4X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 25 25 12 22.5 25.5 18.5 4X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 10 25 8 15 18.5 16.5 5 4X A 3 0 0 0 4 4 7 8 10 28 16 11 10 21 16.5 4X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 30 23 8 25 36.5 23 4X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 27 17 12 19 31 11 4X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 7 27.5 25 6 27 24 9 4X C 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 4 20 13 15 13 20.5 17.5 4X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 4 21 9 8 23 11.5 6 4X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 7 28.5 16 5 23.5 19 11 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 3.6 4.4 5.7 25.8 16.9 10.2 20.2 22.8 13.1



20

Table 6c Raw Data for Cotoneaster Phytotoxicity Report Form Cotoneaster Mesotrione IR4 Trial Phytotoxicity at week Plant Size at week 0 Plant Size at week 10 Height Width1 Width 2 Height Width1 Width 2

Treatment Block Rep 0 1 2 4 6 7 8 10 (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) Control A 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 21.5 17.5 11.5 26.5 22.5 16 Control A 2 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 19.5 17 15 23 22.5 13.5 Control A 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 11 13.5 11 16 16.5 14 Control B 1 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 20.5 15 12 26 22 13.5 Control B 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 17 18 18 21 25 21.5 Control B 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 5 19.5 22 19.5 22 27.5 22 Control C 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 16 19 13 21 24 18 Control C 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 20 21 14.5 22.5 16 13.5 Control C 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 24 19.5 16 25 27 25

Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 2.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 18.8 18.1 14.5 22.6 22.6 17.4 1X A 1 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 22.5 17 12 15 21 13 1X A 2 0 0 1 2 2 3 3 3 12.5 14.5 12 21 19 12.5 1X A 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 4 13 18.5 10 23 21 13 1X B 1 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 20.5 24 23 21 25 14 1X B 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 17 19 15 23.5 29 17 1X B 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 13.5 12 7.5 23.5 27 17 1X C 1 0 0 1 3 3 3 4 3 20 16.5 14.5 15.5 28 20 1X C 2 0 0 0 3 3 3 4 4 17.5 20.5 19 21 23 18 1X C 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 4 17 12 11.5 16.5 19 18.5 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.7 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.6 17.1 17.1 13.8 20.0 23.6 15.9

2X A 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 4 4 11.5 17.5 15.5 29 17 14 2X A 2 0 0 1 3 3 4 4 3 20 15 10 14.5 17 14.5 2X A 3 0 0 0 3 3 4 4 4 20.5 19.5 13 15.5 19.5 14 2X B 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 18 21 17 22 27.5 26 2X B 2 0 0 2 4 4 3 4 4 21 23 14 18.5 22 13 2X B 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 23 25 13 18 18 10 2X C 1 0 0 0 5 5 4 4 4 13.5 24 18 22 20 14 2X C 2 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 3 18 20.5 15 21.5 34 29 2X C 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 12.5 15 12 19.5 13 11 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.7 17.6 20.1 14.2 20.1 20.9 16.2

4X A 1 0 0 1 3 3 4 4 4 15.5 12.5 12.5 19 14.5 11 4X A 2 0 0 1 3 3 4 4 4 19 21 12 20 22.5 13 4X A 3 0 0 1 3 3 4 4 4 21 26.5 11 23.5 26 15 4X B 1 0 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 18.5 18.5 16 19.5 19 18 4X B 2 0 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 18.5 16 13.5 20 15 15 4X B 3 0 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 25.5 18 12 28.5 23 13 4X C 1 0 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 18 13 12 20.5 16 14 4X C 2 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 11.5 15 11 12.5 17 12 4X C 3 0 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 20 19 12 22 20 13 Mean 0.0 0.0 1.4 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.0 18.6 17.7 12.4 20.6 19.2 13.8



21

Table 6d Raw Data for Rhaphiolepis Phytotoxicity Report Form Rhaphiolepis Mesotrione IR4 Trial Phytotoxicity at week Plant Size at week 0 Plant Size at week 10 Height Width1 Width 2 Height Width1 Width 2

Treatment Block Rep 0 1 2 4 6 7 8 10 (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) Control A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 21.5 12.5 15.5 30 16 Control A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22.5 20 14 21 27 16 Control A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 17.5 10 20 28 15 Control B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19.5 22 14 25 30 21 Control B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 20 10.5 13.5 25 14 Control B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16.5 21 10.5 19 29.5 23 Control C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 17 7.5 25 25.5 23.5 Control C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 15.5 10 23 23 17 Control C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21.5 15 9.5 25 26 16

Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.7 18.8 10.9 20.8 27.1 17.9 1X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 17 14 17 23.5 11.5 1X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 19.5 8.5 21 20.5 9 1X A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 15 11 18 19.5 14 1X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 16 12 19 17 10 1X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20.5 17 12 22 14 7.5 1X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10.5 9 27 19.5 11 1X C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 16 8 24.5 27 15 1X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 11 7 25.5 20.5 16 1X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.5 17 12 18.5 19 8 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.6 15.4 10.4 21.4 20.1 11.3

2X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5 13 7 17.5 30.5 20 2X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16.5 14 8 24 32 12 2X A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16.5 11 8 21 22.5 13 2X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 14.5 10 8 24.5 24 15.5 2X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 22.5 9 8 21 32 17 2X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.5 12 12 20.5 18 14 2X C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 20 21 10 20.5 20 9 2X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 19 17 7 21 21 9 2X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 13.5 16.5 10 17 22 11 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.2 16.9 13.7 8.7 20.8 24.7 13.4

4X A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12 14 7 13.5 19.5 9 4X A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5 17 14 14 26 15 4X A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 16 8 21 26 12 4X B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23.5 16 10 21 22 16 4X B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 18.5 19 7 21 24 8 4X B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 16 6.5 18.5 18.5 11 4X C 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 29.5 10 8 32 17 13 4X C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 11 8 15.5 9.5 9.5 4X C 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 15 15 11.5 17.5 19.5 16.5 Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.9 17.7 14.9 8.9 19.3 20.2 12.2



22

Table 6e Raw Data for Nepeta Phytotoxicity Report Form Nepeta Mesotrione IR4 Trial Phytotoxicity at week Plant Size at week 0 Plant Size at week 10 Height Width1 Width 2 Height Width1 Width 2

Treatment Block Rep 0 1 2 4 6 7 8 10 (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) Control A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 24 21 30 39 36 Control A 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 21 20 27 40 38 Control A 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 20 25 23 26 49 36 Control B 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 26 22 27 48 30 Control B 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 18 26 21 22 50 33 Control B 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 23 17 25 38 32 Control C 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 2 16 23 19 21.5 29 29 Control C 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 24 20 22 50 48 Control C 3 0 0 0 0 3 3 2 2 21 26 20 24 44 35

Mean 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.9 19.0 24.2 20.3 24.9 43.0 35.2 1X A 1 0 2 0 2 1 3 2 7 21 30 25 26 40 30 1X A 2 0 0 2 2 1 1 0 7 19 25 23 27 32 28 1X A 3 0 0 0 2 3 3 2 4 20 23 22 26 38 31 1X B 1 0 2 2 2 3 3 2 8 18 25 23 31 32 25 1X B 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 2 3 17 21 19 26 55 35 1X B 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 2 3 20 27 24 23 36 28 1X C 1 0 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 19 24 24 26 35 30 1X C 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 4 18 25 21 25.5 32 29 1X C 3 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 4 19 26 19 30 42 35 Mean 0.0 0.7 0.8 2.0 1.8 2.6 1.6 4.7 19.0 25.1 22.2 26.7 38.0 30.1

2X A 1 0 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 16 20 20 30 40 37 2X A 2 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 0 20 27 24 28 37 37 2X A 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 0 21 24 24 25.5 35 31 2X B 1 0 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 17 25 20 22 36 30 2X B 2 0 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 19 24 19 22 30 24 2X B 3 0 2 0 2 3 3 3 2 19.5 23 19 29 40 34 2X C 1 0 0 3 2 2 3 3 2 23 25 24 23 42 37 2X C 2 0 0 3 2 2 3 3 2 18.5 24 20 23 53 35 2X C 3 0 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 20 24 23 25 31 24 Mean 0.0 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.2 3.0 2.9 1.6 19.3 24.0 21.4 25.3 38.2 32.1

4X A 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 2 18 24 20 23 30 25 4X A 2 0 0 3 3 2 3 4 2 20 25 22 27 37 29 4X A 3 0 2 3 3 3 3 4 2 19 29 23 19 41 24 4X B 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 3 18 28 21 22 36 27 4X B 2 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 3 20 25 24 25 42 26 4X B 3 0 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 21 28 21 27 35 28 4X C 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 4 3 20 24 22 21 34 27 4X C 2 0 0 3 3 2 3 4 3 18 26 21 22 36 26 4X C 3 0 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 19 28 19 23 41 29 Mean 0.0 0.9 3.0 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.9 2.6 19.2 26.3 21.4 23.2 36.9 26.8



23

Appendix A 2008/2009 Crop Safety with Over-the-top Applications of Select Herbicide Materials Ornamental Protocol Number: 08-010 Objective: Determine phytotoxicity of BAS 656EC, BAS 659G, Broadstar 0.25G VC1604, Mesotrione G, and V-10161 G to

woody ornamental plants and BAS 659G on herbaceous perennials.

Experimental Design: Plot Size: Must be adequate to reflect actual use conditions.

Replicates: Minimum of 3 replications (preferably 4) with 3 plants per replicate

Application Instructions: Depending upon research site and plant materials, various experiments can be established. Two applications are to be made approximately 6 weeks apart, with the first application within 7 days after potting, preferable between 24 and 48 hours. However, plant materials must have broken dormancy prior to first application. See notes below for Broadstar New Formulation. For liquid applications, use a minimum of 20 gal per acre. Applications should be made over the top of the plants using application equipment consistent with conventional commercial equipment. For all materials, target dry foliage. If dew is present at the time of application, note it. Irrigate with ½ inch water between 1 and 4 hours after application. Note: Liquid materials need at least 1 hour drying time prior to irrigation.

Plant Materials: Contact your Regional Coordinator for an up-to-date list. Plants grown in field containers are preferred to in-ground.

Evaluations: Record plant height & width at initial and final evaluations only. At 1, 2, and 4 weeks after each application, record phytotoxicity on a scale of 0 to 10 (0 = No phytotoxicity; 10 = Complete kill). If appropriate, also include ratings for chlorosis, defoliation, stunting or other growth effects on a scale of 0 to 10 (0 = No effect; 10 = Complete plant affected). If any phytotoxicity is observed in treated plants, take pictures comparing treated and untreated plant material.

Recordkeeping: Keep detailed records of weather conditions including temperature and precipitation, soil-type or soil-less media, application equipment, irrigation, liner size, plant height & width, and plant growth stage at application and data collection dates.

Treatments: Product Rate Special Instructions Contact Information to obtain materials

BAS 656h 63.9%EC (dimethenamid-p)

21 fl oz per acre (0.97 lb ai)



Woody ornamentals only BASF, Kathie Kalmowitz, 919-270-4592, [email protected]

BAS 659h 1.75G (dimethenamid-p + pendimethalin)

150 lb per acre (2.65 lb ai

300 lb per acre (5.3 lb ai)


BASF, Kathie Kalmowitz, 919-270-4592, [email protected]

Broadstar 0.25G VC1604 150 lb per acre (0.375 lb ai)



Do not apply at the first application timing within 7 days after potting; only apply at the second application timing.

Valent, Joe Chamberlin, 770-985-0303, [email protected]

Mesotrione G 100 lb product per acre (2.1 lb ai/A)

200 lb product per acre (4.2 lb ai/A

300 lb product per acre (6.3 lb ai/A)

Woody ornamentals only Syngenta, Nancy Rechsigl, 941-708-9338, [email protected]

V-10142 0.5G 150 lb per acre (0.75 lb ai/acre)

300 lb per acre (1.5 lb ai/acre)

600 lb per acre (3.0 lb ai/acre)

Valent, Joe Chamberlin, 770-985-0303, [email protected]

Untreated

Documents

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Formlieth.ucdavis.edu/pub/RepLim/RepLim265 Mesotrione G... · The Cotoneaster plants suffered heat stress during the third week