Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 1081 (1960): Code of practice for fixing and glazing ofmetal (steel and aluminium) doors, windows and ventilators[CED 11: Doors, Windows and Shutter]

IS : 1081 ·1960(Reaffirmed 2006)

REAFFIRMED

Gr 7

Indian Standard

CODE OF PRACTICE FORFIXING AND GLAZING OF METAL

( STEEL AND ALUMINIUM) DOORS,WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS

Tenth Reprint MARCH 2006( Including Amendment No.1)

UDC 69.028.1/.2: 691.714.694.6

© Copyright 1960

BUR E A U OF I N D I A N S TAN D A D SMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

September 1960

R

IS: 1.1-"

Indian StandardCODE OF PRACTICE FOR

FIXING AND GLAZING OF METAL(STEEL AND ALUMINIUM) DOORS,

WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS

Doors, Windows and Building FurnitureSectiona1 Committee, RDC 11

Chairman8HRI D. P. ASAR :O::;uudCl'dflS ...t. Co, BOlnbay

MembersSEBI B. D. AHUJA Oentrat Public \\Torks Departmeut , New Delhi

SURI A. L. RAO ( Alternate)SRBI Axsnoy BOSE Ballardie Thompson & ~letthowR Ltd, CalcuttaSBKI R. K. CRABI Indian Alumirriurn Co Ltd, Ca.lcutta

SHRI K. SRINIVAS ( Alternate)DlRBC~'OR Central Building RA-4t1fi,,'ch Inst.it.ute (CSIR),

Roorkee .SUBI I)lN ESU MOHAN ( Alternate )

IB.I M. C. GANDHI Man Industrial Corporation Ltd, -JalpurSHRI K. R. ANANTHASWAMY (Alternate)

SIIBI K. 1\'1. GUPTA Hind Const.ruct.ion Ltd, CalcuttaSDRI K. N. ARORA ( Alternate)

SRBIM. J. JAr. Oodrej & Boyce Mnnufacturiug Co Ltd, BombaySRBI S. K. JOGLJt;KAR Central Public \\Ynrk~ Depart.ment., New Delhi

SURI V. M. PUNDJ..tK ( Alternate ~SKill L. S. LULLA Bombn.y State Road Transport. Oorporation,

BOlllbl\ySHRI J. N. MULI.AX ( Alternate)

SKRI C. P. MALIK Nat iorml lluildiugs Orgunizat iou (Mini~try of\Vorks, HOIJHi nJ{ &, Supply)

SUBI SHRI KIU8HNA ( Alternate iCAPT N. J. MASANI Forest Research Lnst.itute & Col leges, Debra DUll~"'Rt R. P. 1\1'HATRF: H'induatan Housing Ft,otol'Y· Privato .Ltd,

New DelhiI:.:NUJNJs:.l!:R.IN.CHARU~, \\"OOD

Won.Ks jl":PARTMfo':N1' l Alternate)

( Continued 011 pale 2 )

BlJR.:AlJ 01. INDIAN Sl'ANDl\RllSl\1ANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAIIADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARCY

NE\V DELHI 110002

Hope. lI.taI Windo•• ( IDdia ) Ltd, CatoattaDirectorate OeMral of Health 8ervi08ll ( lIiaiu."

of B...th ). IIIId Indian lutitate orArohiteoU, Bombay

Indian Inatitute of Architects, Bombay

Daputy Director ( Bid.). Indian StaDdardaIn8titution

Aui8taDt Director (Biela), Indian Standud8ID8titutiOD

( Co,,,'''''.d frDm Ptl6~ 1 )M."""88.81 8. K. Kt1LLIOK8.al J. D. SR~'TBI

Sma D. A~r.r.A 81J1J1A

BBBIC.D.SHARMA(All.,..'. )

8... 14'. B. 8-.0"" Railway Boud ( Ministry of Ballways )81m1 B. TBOll8OlI Plywood Proclaata, 8itapur

8JDd G. W. II. WSITTLB ( AI,er"ate)Da LA!.o.V.BIIAN ( Ex-officio) Director, Indian Standards In8titution

S.cretIJr'esn.B. c. VI8V_V..AYA

Metal and Composite Doors and WindowsSubcommittee BOO 11: 2

CO",.".,8BA1I1. J. In Godrej & Boyoe Manufacturing Co Ltd, Bombay

Members8J1a1B. K. CaDI Indian AlamiDium 00 Ltd, Caloatta

8JIU It. 8BU1IV.a.8 ( Alternat. )8JIaI .. C. GA1U)BI Man Industrial Corporation Ltd, Jaipur

8BaI P. B. G. MBNON (Alter1llJte )8JIaI 8. K. IIULLIOJ[ HO~8 Ketal Windows ( India) Ltd, CaloattaS..W. B. Boon Radwa,. Boud ( Kiniatry of Railways )

2

AMEJI)MENT 110. 1 OCTOBER 1980

TO15:1081-1960 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR FIXINGAND GLAZING OF METAL (STEEL AND ALUMINIUM)

DOORS. WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS

Alterations~--- .. -

(Page 4 (p~g. , of .epriftt.). ot~u•• I.J] -Subltitute the following tor the exi.tiDI claus.

'l-! !ult~ - Putty used tor slazlDg .etal door.window and YeDtilator shall contora to 18:419-1967.'

(P4g_ 5 of R.ppi"t.~ foot-~ot.) - Delete.

[Page 8 (page 9 of Reprints). eZauae 6.1!~.econd aftd third ae"te"eea] - Substitute thefollowing for the existing seDteDces:

'It 1s recoamended to fix by vood screws intovooden plugs or tiller plugs or ravl plugspositioned in the conerete. These plugs shallbe set in the concrete when pouring or castingand sball be set very accurately tor tixingholes in tbe unit.'

[Page 12 (page 13 of Repi"t.)~ clause 10.~]Substitute the tollov1ng tor the existing clau8e:

'10.5 Glass shall be secured by special springglazing clips ( •• e 15:1038-1975 regarding Dumberor clips) vbich sball be inserted in boles alreadyproy!ded in steel door. vi~dov or ventilator.before app171ng the front putty.'

[Pag. 12 (page 13 of R.p~int.). cZause 10.e] -Delete and renumber the subsequent elausesaeeordil1g17.

(EDC 11)

Printed at Prahhat Offset Press, New Dclhi-Z

3

Indian StandardCODE OF PRACTICE FOR

FIXING AND GLAZING OF METAL(STEEL AND ALUM,INIUM) DOORS,

WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS

I. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards IDilitu-tion on 25 June 1960, after the draft finalized by the doors, Windowsand Building Furniture Sectional Committee had been approved by theBuilding Division Council.

0.2 Indian Standard Specification for Steel Doors, Windows and venti-lators (eiS : 1038-19S7) covers the requirements for steel doors, windowsand ventilators for general buildings and Indian Standard Specificationfor Steel Windows for Industrial Buildings (IS: 1361-1959) coven therequirements for industrial windows. Specifications for the same unitlusing extruded aluminium alloy sections are under preparation. Theutility of metal doors, windows and ventilaton depends very largely 011the manner in which fixing and glazing are carried out. Fixing andglazing here refer to securing metal doors, windows or ventilaton instructural or masonry surrounds, fixing fittings and accessories andsecuring glass to the metal frame. The work needs to be carried out byskilled and qualified craftsmen. The methods of fixing and glazingadopted should be such that movement of the structure to which thesecuring is done does not transmit strain to windows, doors or ventilaton.This code has been prepared with a view to providing essential Ruidancr-in this regard,

0.3 Every installation presents its own problems and different surrounddetails may require different techniques. Further, doors, large compositewindows and bay windows are rather complicated to install andwherever special windows are being fixed, a careful] study of thedrawings and specialized training and skill are called for. A trainedfitter in metal window fixing knows how to make adjustments to bring awindow out of wind and to take out any twist or bend in the section.Close adherence to the practices detailed in this code will greatly auistin getting the job correctly done.

·Since re\'i..d.

IS : I.... 1960

0.4 Generally the responsibilities of the fixer and glazer and various otherparties concerned are not clearly stated or understood and that has ledto some confusion in the work being carried out. The generallyaccepted cunditions governing fixing and glazing, except where other-wise agreed to between the parties are Riven in Appendix A for generalinformation.

o.s This standard requires reference to the following Indian Standards:*IS : 401·1954 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PRESBRVATION OF TIMBER

( Tentative)IS : 420-1953 SPECIFICATION f'OR PUTTY, ."UR USE ON M"ETAL FRAMES

0.5.1 Wherever a reference to any Indian Standard mentionedunder 0.5 or otherwise appears in this code, it shall be taken as areference to the latest version of the standard.

0.6 Metric system has been adopted in India and all quantities anddimensions in this standard have been given in this system. Non-metricvalues to which the industry has been accustomed are also given inbrackets, wherever necessary, for t he sake of smooth changeover byDecember 1966.

0.7 This code is intended chiefly to lay down recommended methods offixing and glazing of metal doors, windows and ventilators, and does notinclude all the necessary provisions of a contract.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This code covers the recommended methods for fixing and glazing ofsteel and aluminium doors, windows and ventilators.

2. TERMINOLO(;Y

1.0 For the purpose of this code, the fol low ing definitions shall apply.

1.1 CoupliDg - Joining door, window or ventilator units, side by side orone on the top of another or any combination of these units withmullions or transomes,

1.2 FlxlDI- Securing metal door, window or ventilator to prepar~dstructural or masonry surrounds and fixing of fittings and accessories.

·Sccond revision in 1967.tSiDce withdrawn. l Se" IS: 419.1967 Specification for putrv, (or use on window (rames

(fia' NI1;';Oll ). ]4

IS: 1081-1_

2.3 FI••le - The flange of the metal section on the inside is called, inner flange' and the flange exposed to the outside is called the' outerflange '.

2.4 Glazing - Securing of glass ill the metal door, window or ventilator.

%.4.1 Glazing Bead - Strips of metal or timber used for glazing inaddition to putty.

2.5 Holdlast - A metal lug used for fixing door, window or ventilator.

2.6 Jamb - The vertical sides of the door, window or ventilator opening.

2.7 Mastic - A weather proofing compound usually with a putty basewhich remains pliable and plastic.

2.8 Putty Bedding - 'Putty which is placed in the glazing rebate of t hedoor, window or ventilator into which glass is bedded.

2.9 Putty Back - Portion of the bedding putty remaining between theglass and rebate after the glass has been pressed into position in theglazing rebate of the section.

2.10 Putty Front - Putty forming a mitred filling between the surface ofthe glass and the front edge of the section.

2.11 Rendering - Plastering of the outside face of the wall and the outerreveal.

2.12 Reveal- The depth of the wa ll revealed beyond the frame in thesides of the opening. The reveal on the inner side is called the 'innerreveal ) and the reveal exposed to outside is called the ' outer reveal J.

2.12.1 Flush Reveal - A reveal which is not rebated.

2.12.2 Rebated Reveal- A reveal which CorD1S an' angle or sometimesa groove into which the outer flange of the steel window section fits.

1.13 Still ( Cill ) - The lower boundary of a door, window or ventilatoropenings.

1.14 Threshold _. The portion of the door frame which is fixed to floor.

1.15 Unit - Refers to the door, window or ventilator.

3. MATERIALS

3.1 Putty - Putty used for glazing metal door, window or ventilator shallconform to *IS :420-1953.

··Since withdrawn, LSee IS: 419-1967 Specification for putty, for use on window frames(firs' "'JiJ;U1I ). ]

5

IS: 1011·1_

3.2 MMtlc - The requirements of maltic used in fixing metal doorwindow and ventilator shall be as agreed to between the purchaser andthe supplier.

4: TYPE AND SIZE OF OPENINGS

4.1 ,.". of Ope_.... - Metal doors, windows or ventilators may berequired to be fiXed to either masonry openings (including brick,concrete. stone and marble) or timber openings or steelwork openin,s.

4.Ll Malon" Ope,,'"'' - Masonry openings may be either rebatedor lush. and in either case they may either have external renderingapplied or be C fair-faced' (that is, without external rendering ). It isusual for stone and marble masonry to be fair-faced.

~L2 Timber O,e"i"g, - Timber openings are invariably rebated.

4.1.3 S,~~/wo,k O~";,,gs - Steelwork openings vary in detaileddesign, but shall be so designed that the outer flange of the door,window or ventilator frame sections overlaps a steel surface eithereJdernally or internally.

U Size of Ope_lap - The overall size of both flush or rebated openingsto which the units are to be fixed shall allow a clearance between frameaDd opening, and the amount of clearance depends on whether theopening is externally rendered or fair-faced.

UI Flrula Openings - Rendered flush openings shall allow aclearance between frame and opening equal to the thickness of thereDderiDJ (see Fig. lA and IB). Fair-faced flush openings' shall allow• dearance of 3 mm ( or i in ) between frame and opening (lee Fig. 2).

U2 Rebated Openblpa) Fair-faced masonry openings and timber openings shall allow a

clearance of 3 IBID (or I in) between the opening and the innerftange of the frame as well as between the opening and theouter hoge or the frames. The depth of rebate shall thereforebe equal to the distance between the inner and outer ftangel ofthe door, window or ventilator frame. The rebate shall be12·5 DUD ( or I in ) in the case of gen~ral building and industrialwindows (,~~ Fig. 3A, 3B and 4 ).

b) :Rendered masonry openings shall allow a clearance of 3 mm(or 1 inJ between the opening and the inner flange of theframe an a clearance equal to the thickness of the renderingbetween the opening and the outer (lange of the frame. Thedepth of rebate shall therefore be adjust~d accordingly (,,~Fis- 5).

6

IS: 1011-1_

4.2.3 Steelwork openings shall be designed to allow the outer langeof the window frame section to overlap the steel surface by )0 mm (orI in) (see Fig. 6A) e

NOTE - ,- Th('. M.izes of Indian St.andard doora, windows and ventilatora, bothfor general building and industrial purposes, are designed for naodular openinpJ2-3 mm ( or i in ) which are lartter all round than the doors, windows, etc. Thi.I(ap of 12·5 nun ( or i in ) is for the PUI'po8e of fixing of the units in the openin.a.In tIl. case of masonry opeuings the gap iA flll~d up with mastic cement and pluterGfter tho up it is, in position. In the case of steel or timber rnodular openin.l.oxt ra "t~fll 0." timber flJlatlll ,,~iJJ he nl~('",.ary to cover this Ilftp of 12'J)mm lor f in )( see Fig, 6R ).

5. HANDLING OF DOORS, WINDOWS AND \'ENTILATORS

5.1 Care shall be taken in unloading and stacking windows and venti-lators at site. They shall he examined for any damage that may haveoccurred in transit and shall then be stacked upright ( on their sills) onlevel ground, preferably on wooden battens and shall not come intocontact with dirt or ashes. Doors shall be stacked upside down, withthe kick plates at the top. Doors shall not be allowed to stand for longthe right way up before being fixed so as to avoid the doors getting outof true and the hing-es being strained and the shutters dropping.

S.Z Care shall he taken in ensuring that aluminium frames are notallowed to ~et into direct contact with wet cement and mortar. Duringthe period of storage, aluminium should be protected from loose cementand mortar by means of suitable covering such as tarpaulin.

The tarpaulin should be hung loosely on temporary framing to per-mit circulation of air to prevent condensation.

6. PROCEDUR E FOR FIXING SINGLE UNITS

6.1 Doors, windows or ventilators shall be fixed into prepared openings.They shall not be 'built-in' as the wa lls go up as this practice oftenresults in brickwork being brought right up to the frame with norleara nce allowed and usually distorts the units and increases the likeli-hood of damage being dour to the unit during subsequent building work.Placing of scaffolding on the frames or (itlazing bars shall on no accountbe done,

6.% The size of the opening shall first be checked and cleaned of allobstructions. '[he position of the unit in the reveal shall be taken offthe drawings and a vertical chalk line shall be marked on the reveal atthe jams, using a plumb-line, at the correct distance from the face ofthe wall ( see Fit-{. 1). This chalk line shall also he run along head sillof the opening.

6.3 The fixing hole positions ..hall be taken from the unit and marked ont.his chalk line at the corresponding points, In case of masonry, holes

7

IS : 1.1 • 1960

for fixing the lugs or holdfasts shall be cut S em (or 2 in) square andS em to 10 em ( or 2 in to 4 in ) deep, unless it is possible to put slottedlugs into joints In brickwork. In the case of concrete or stone, fixingplugs are recommended to be embedded in the masonry during con-struction at the appropriate places.6.4 To ensure that all units are set at the appropriate heights in theiropenings, the datum line for the sill of the door, window or ventilatorshall be taken from a fixed point on the wall or from finished floor orceiling with the help of a level. The datum level for the sill of thedoor, window or ventilator unit shall be given by the builder to the fixer.

6.5 Door, Window and Ventilator units shall be checked to ensure thatthey are square and working satisfactorily. The unit shall then be setin its opening by using wooden wedges at jambs, head and sill, and shallbe plumbed to the line chalked round the reveal. A spirit level shall beused to ensure that the frame is square and true and free from any warpand twist. When adjusting to the correct line, the wedges shall be struckwith the hammer, care being taken so as not to strike the frame. Thewedges shall not be inserted so firmly as to distort the frames. andwherever possible. they shall he placed near the points where a glazingbar meets the frame.6.6 The unit shall be put in position and the lugs screwed on tight.Every hole in the frame need not be fixed with a lug; some holes areincidental to manufacture ( being guide holes for the welding jig) andare not necessa rily fixin~ holes, I..ugs sha 11 he placed in t he specifiedpositions.6.7 The lugs shall then be grouted into their holes with cement mortar,and the wedges round the frame shall be left in position until this cementhas hardened and the lugs firmly set (see Fig. 1). The gap betweenunit and surround shall then be filled with cement mortar while fixin~to flush openings. .

6.8 When fixing to flush surrounds without rendering, the 3 mm (or 1in)clearance round the frame shall be pointed with mastic on the outside.This mastic shall be applied after the unit has been fixed into positionand before the internal plaster is applied. The mastic shall be appliedfrom inside. squeezed into the channel of the frame until it oozes outthrough the narrower outside joint. The internal gap shall be filledabout one-thi rd with mastic and rest of the space be filled with cementmortar. The mastic shall then be cut off square outside and smootheddown (see Fig. 2).6.9 When fixing to flush surrounds with internal plaster and rendering,the plaster and rendering shall be applied to surrounds after the lugshave firmly set taking care to keep it clear of hinges and not to bring ittoo close to the opening frame of casement. Hinges shall be wrappedin gunny to prevent plaster from adhering to them or being splashed on

8

IS : tOIl • 1'"

them. Before applying the rendering, the joint of unit and the mortarshall be pointed with mastic from the outside.

6.10 When fixing to rebated surrounds without rendering, the frameshall be bedded in mastic. This shall be applied freely to the channeloftbe outside frame before offering it up to the rebated opening. In thecase of the sill the mastic shall be applied to the sill of the opening andthe unit placed on it with the other three sides' buttered' with mastic.After the unit is firmly fixed in position, surplus mastic shall he cut awayand smoothed down (see Fig. 3A and 3B ).

6.11 When fixing to rebated surrounds with rendering, after fixing asin 6.10, plaster shall be applied on the outside. The hinges shall bewrapped with gunny before plastering to prevent plaster from adheringto them or being splashed on to them.

6.12 When fixing to concrete, lug may be used, but the reinforcing rodsin the concrete usually prevent the holes for the lugs being cut to therequired depth. It is recommended to fix by wood screws into plugspositioned in the concrete. These plugs may be wooden blocks set inthe concrete when pouring or casting; but these have to he set veryaccurately for the fixing holes in the unit.

6.12.1 In case the plugs could not be set in accurately, the fixer shalldrill and plug the surrounds. White metal plugs are recommended forthis purpos~ from the point of view of efficiency in fixing (see Fi~. 3D ).

6.13 Dressed stone and marble surrounds shall be drilled and pluggedfor wood screws in the same manner as recommended in 6.11"

6.14 Wood surrounds shall normally be rebated and when fixing to thesemastic shall be' applied to the sill of the opening and the unit placed oftit with the jambs and head buttered with mastic. This shall be appliedfreely to the channel of the outside frame before offering. it up to therebated opening, The unit shall be screwed with wood screws ($~~Fig. 4 ).6.1S When fixing to steelwork, mastic shall be applied as describedin 6.14 and the unit shall be fixed with special fixing clips supplied withthe unit (see FiK. 6A) or with nuts and bolts ( see Fig. 6B).

6.16 The external doors normally have a threshold ( see Fig. 8). Whendoors are required for internal use, the threshold shall be substitutedwith a flat tie ba I. In this case, the door shutters shall be of usual size,but as 4 em ( or I-5 in ) finish has to be allowed for over the structuralftoor level, a special base tie bar shall be fixed to the jamb member ofthe frame which projects below the finished floor ( set Fig. 9).

NOTE .... Doors which t\l"e required for internal use 81'\,· nut required to have.threehold. Thi:4 shall be .pacifl~d at the time of placing t he o..de r aM 8ubAtitut.ionor" flat t·ift hRr for threRhold i. not polt"ihle art,er the door haR Men fixed.

9

IS : 1011· 1960

6.17 In case of aluminium frame., the lurfacel that will be anchored indirect contact with masonry, metal or wood surrounds, lhall be protectedwith 2 coats ofalkali-resistant bituminous paint, to avoid direct chemicalattack from alkaline or acid solutions formed by moisture and the sur-rounding materials.

6.18 All splatter and drips from wet cement and plaster during fixing ofaluminium frames should be removed immediately.

7. FIXING MATERIALS

7.1 The materials for fixing of doors, windows or ventilators to the sur-rounding shall be as given in Table I.

TABLE I MATERIALS FOR FIXING OF DOORS, WINDOWSAND VENTILATORS

SL No.

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

SUAROUND ASD METHOD OJ' }4~IXING

When fixed to wooden frame rebated on theoutside

When fixe4 to plugs in concrete, stone orbrick work rebated on the outside

'Vhen fixed to plugs in concrete, stone orbrick work not rebated on the outside( that is, plain or square jambs)

When fixed direct to brick work or masonry( that is, plain or square (jamba) ,

When fixed to st,eelwork

F,XING MATEBIAr.

38 rom (or Ii in ) X No. 10galvanized wood.leN••.

do

63 mm ( or 2i in) X No. 10galvanized wood-Iorew.

Slotted steel adjustable lug.oC size. shown in Fi,. 10.

Standard clips and 8 mm(or II in) galvanized bolt.with hexagona! nut••

I. PROCEDURE FOR FIXING COMPOSITE UNITS.

8.0 GeDeral- The fixing procedure for composite doors, windows andventilators shall generally be the same as described in 6 and in additionshall conform to provisions laid down in 8.1 to 8.6.

-8.1 Whcre larger units are formed by coupling individual units altogether,the mullions and transomes shall be bedded in mastic to ensure weathertightness. Mastic shall be applied liberally to the channels of the out-side frame sections before assembly, and the two units being coupledshall be drawn together tight with clamps, the mastic being squeezed

10

IS : 1081 • lMO

out and cut off neatly when the units shall be screwed together ti,ht(.I•• Fig. I1A to I1H).

8.2 Coupling screws vary in length for different types of coupling butmanufacturers shall supply correct sizes and quantities, if couplingrequirements are detailed when ordering. A common fault is to usecoupling screws too long for the particular coupling and to leave a lengthof screw projecting through the frame of the unit to interfere with theclosing of the casement or with the glass of fixed light. The offendinglength of screw shall be .cut off, if this occurs.

1.3 If a composite unit is coupled in such a way that there is a crossjoint of mullion with transome, the shorter coupling unit shall runthrough unbroken. Mullions normally project 2'5 em (or 1 in) at headand sill into the brick, stone or concrete surround. Fabricated steelmullions shall be cut short when fixing to wood or steel surrounds orwhen meeting a continuous transome, so as to form a butt joint andaluminium mullions shall be supplied with ends cut to profile of windowframe.

8.4 Transomes shall be made to project 2·5 em (or 1 in) into brick,stone or concrete jambs, where the transome is the member which runsthrough unbroken in a cross coupling. Transomes may be cut to matchthe outer or inner flange of the frame section, as appropriate, or cut toprofllc of the frame section in the case of aluminium.

8.5 Pockets shall be cut in the surround to appropriate depth to take theprojection of the coupling member, when cutting holes for lugs.

1.6 Doors, Windows and Ventilators may have tubes as vertical couplingmembers to allow coupling at any desired angle so as to form a baycomposite unit. Standard galvanized iron pipes of nominal Zfior 32 mm( or 1 in or 11 in ) inside diameter are suitable for this purpose. Aftc 1·carefully setting out the unit to determine the exact angle required, thetube mullions shall be drilled and tapped with holes to match the fixingholes in the door, window or ventilator frame. Tube mullions arenormally supplied by the manufacturer ready drilled and tapped andtherefore full details of the setting out of the bay shall be provided whenordering.

Caps and bases of steel plate of suitable thickness and area shall bewelded to the top and bottom of tube mullions where these are requiredto bear a load. Otherwise tube muJlions are non-load bearing and~hall project 2'5 em ( or I in ) at head and sill as in 8~3 ( see Fig. 12A to12E).

Mastic shall be applied to tube mullions as described in 8.1, and theoutside joints subsequently pointed.

II

IS : 1011 - 1960

9. FlnlNGS AND HARDWARE

'.1 Any hardware, if fixed in position, shall be removed before hingtile unit in the surround and the moving part shall be secured with wireor Itma during erection and while the building work is being completedto prevent damage to the part.

9.2 Hardware shall be fixed as late as possible preferably just before thefinal coat of paint is applied. It shall be fitted in a workmanlikemanner, so that it may not work loose, and in such a way that screwsand pins are not marked and mutilated by hammers and screw drivers,It shall be tested for correct operation.

9i3 When side hung casement are fitted with friction hinges, the hingesshall be adjusted to the required tension by adjusting the nuts on topand bottom hinges equally. If one hinge is tighter than the other thecasement may get twisted when opening or closing, and there is a conse-quent danger of breakage of the glass panes.

9.3.1 The friction required depends on the location.. In an exposedsite where high winds are expected, more friction is needed than in asheltered location. For average conditions the normal setting of afriction hinge requires a pressure of 10 kg/em! (or 141b/inl ) to overcomeit. Friction shall be measured with gauges or judged. From time totime the nuts may require slight adjustment, but oil shall not beused on friction hinges.

9.4 Whereas the friction hinges are of the projecting type, the side hungcasements may have ordinary projecting type or non-projecting typehinges. The projecting type hinges project approximately 6·5 em ( or2·5/8 in ) and enable the outside surface of the glass panes to be cleanedfrom the inside. In case of double shutter casements the outside surfaceof the glass can be cleaned even though the hinges are not of theprojecting type. But in the case of all other side hung casementsprojecting hinges are necessary from the point of view of cleaning. Theprojecting hinges also enable the opening shutter of door or window tofold back against the wall which is not possible with the non-projectingtype. In order to enable the door or window shutters to fold back, thedoors or windows shall be set in the reveal as shown in Fig. 13A and13B.

10. GLAZING

10.1 Before glazing, all opening rarts shall be checked to see that theyare closing correctly and are wei bedded and not twisted in any way.

10.2 The weight of glass in a side hung casement causes it to dropslightly on its hinges. Before glazing, therefore, the casement shall be

12

IS : lOll • 1H8

set in a slightly high position in its frame. The glass shall also be setslightly out of square in the frame, that is, high and towards the outside( handle) jamb. This can be effected by using little springs of wood towedge the glass at certain points ( see F~g. 14 ).

10.3 In case of newly galvanized doors, windows or ventilators not -exposed to the weather for at least three months, difficulty may beexperienced,when glazing as the putty may fail to stick to the frames.To overcome this, a thin film of raw linseed oil shall be applied to theglazing rebate with cloth soaked in linseed oil.

10.4 The frame shall be completely cleaned and bedding putty shall beplaced in the rebate before glazing. Glass shall then be cushioned intothis bedding putty properly and shall be fronted with front putty whichshall stop 2 to 3 mm ( or -l~6 t.o i in) from the sight line of the backrebate to enable the painting to be done up to the sight line, to seal theedge of the putty to the glass. The back putty which has oozed outover the glazing rebate shall then be cut off square and smoothed down.This back putty is necessary as apart from preventing contact of theglass with the steel at any point; it will also prevent glass rattle and theingress of moisture which rna y corrode the steel frame.

lO.S For doors and wiridows where pane size exceeds 60 >< 30 em( or 24 X 12 in) glass shall he secured by special spring glazing clip"which shall be inserted in holes already provided in the ste-el doors orwindows, before applying the front putty.

10.6 For outside ~la.~·~d windows whet (" paue siz es do not exceed60 X 30 tnt ((.if 24 ,,' 12 ill) sprini; .~lazing- clips art" not considerednecessary.

10.7 When glaz ing very large panes of glass, or when heavy winopressure may be experienced OJ' in any case where specially desired bythe user, glazing head may he used instead of front putty.

10.8 When A'lazing with bead instead of front putty, putty shall beapplied to the face of the bead which is in contact with glass, and barkputty would also he necessary. .

10.8. t Brad~~ ,;tlal1· be of durable t imbers of Class I and C:lass IIspecified in IS: 401- I954· 0 r 0 f 1"\1St P"no f ste e1 n r 0 r a1uminium. 'I'h ebead shall have mitred corners.

10.8.1 '[he position and size of the be ad may depend on the thicknessof glass used. The bead shall be fixed with screws spaced not more than10 em ( or 4 ill ) from each corner and not more than 20 em (or 8 in )apart and the doors or windows shall be drilled during manufacture with1101es accordingly.

*Sccond revision in 1(l67.

13

IS : 1011 ". 1960

lU The standard sections for domestic and industrial windOWl are Dotsuitable for double-glazing units, which require deeper rebates uulllazing nibs. Special frames, or special inserts for standard frames a._Breed between the purchaser and the vendor shall be used in such cues.

11. FINISHING

11.1 The site finishing of doors, windows and ventilators shall assure twopurposes:

a) protection of the metal (in the case of ungalvanized material),and

b) decoration of the assembly (for both galvanized and ungalvanizedmaterial ).

11.2 Site finishing shall consist of the application of an undercoat and a8niahing coat of paint, after any necessary touching up. In the case ofaluminium frames site painting is not necessary.

11.2.1 In the case of ungalvanized surfaces, the undercoat need notnecessarily contain rust inhibitive ingredients as it is not in direct contactwith the steel. It shall however be highly resistant to moisture and'tophysical and chemical disintegration by the weather, and compatiblewith the priming coat used by the manufacturer. Lead-based paints aregenerally suitable, but in case of doubt the manufacturer shall beconsulted.

The final finishing coat, chosen to suit the decorative scheme shalla110 conform to the above composition to a lesser degree. It shall be atough, hard, smooth paint designed for external use, and compatiblewith the undercoat.

11.2.2 In tile case of galvanized surfaces, the primary ccnsiderationfor the undercoat is to obtain good adhesion. Adhesion to newly-galvanized work is difficult to obtain, and consequently natural andchemical etching or the application of a suitable primer shall be carriedout before applying finishing coats. Natural etching is achieved byweathering for several months before painting. The main disadvantagehere is being able to judge when the frames have been sufficientlyweathered. Chemical etching is achieved by treating with a copper-free mordant solution; these mordants are usually based on phosphoricacid. The main disadvantage of this method is entrapment of'mordantsolution in crevices where it can destroy the coating and even promotecorrosion. The safest method is by application of a primer based oncalcium plumbate, where all that is necessary is to clean down (normalpractice) before applying the paint. The calcium plumbate content ofthe rigment in such a primer shall be not leis than 70 percent. Thefina finishing coat on galvanized work shall be similar to that specifiedfor ungalvanised surfaces in 11.2.1.

14

18: 1111-1_

lU.3 Care Ihall be taken to lee that the putty receive. adequatecoatI of paint and shall be dry and hard before painting. It is advisableto carry the paint slightly beyond the edge of the putty-glass junctionline to be certain of sealing the junction line (lee 10.4 ).

11.2.4 On no account shall non-ferrous parts, that is, handles, stay.,catches, etc, be painted.

lL2.5 Paint shall not be applied to working parts, such as handlepins, hinge pins, etc, where it can impede free action.

APPENDIX A( Olause 0.4 )

NORMAL CONDITIONS GOVERNING FIXING ANDGLAZING

A-8. The normal conditions governing fixing and glazing except whereotherwise agreed between the parties concerned usually include thefollowing and are given as general guidance.A-I. The fixing and glazing contractor shall cut holes to brick or hollowconcrete block; where fixing is to steelwork or reinforced concrete, holeshall be left ready in correct position by the general contractor inaccordance with the drawing to be provided by the manufacturer ofdoors and windows.A-2. The fixing and glaeing contractor shall fix the units to preparedopenings with sills ready in position. If openings are not made to size,are not plumb, etc, it shall be the responsibility of the general contractorto correct these openings.A-3. The fixing and glazing contractor shall be responsible for groutingand making good of doors, windows or ventilators, into openings; allrendering and plastering work in the reveals shall, however, be carriedout by the general contractor.A-4. It is usual for all necessary scaffolding to be provided, erected anddismantled free of charge for the fixing contractor by the generalcontractor.A-5. The fixing and glazing contractor shall not be responsible fotwashing down or cleaning of glass panes, He shall, however, whenfinishing the work leave doors, windows, ventilators and the glass panesclean and free from any dirt, putty or other adhering material.A-6. The fixing and glazing contractor shall not be responsible forpainting the doors, windows and ventilators,

IS

IS : 1111 • 1968 ...OF VENTILATOR---"

GLASS

CEMENT MORTAR

IA

IL"Oz.. i%11I"Go;;0z

118

PLUG

CEMENTMORTAR

WOODSCREW

GLASS

Flo. 1 tvlASONIlY OPBNINGS FLUSH WITH RI.NDKIUNO

16

IS: I8I1.IM

F,G. 2 MASONRY OPENINGS FLUSH WITHOUT RaND.RINO :

17

IS : 1011 • 1_

GLASa

0' WINDOW ---...

SOLID ME TAL .IAD

. . - ., eo.

JAM •6.-•

: A··•

. FAIR 'ACE ••... • # '2.5m~~'i .:. : . -. ... .'

. .. .

.. ...

.:..3A

.IDTH OF OPINING---..

WOODIN OR MITAI-BEAD

PLASTEA

38

FlO. 3 MASONRY OPENING~ REBATED WITHOUT RBNDBRINO

18

IS: 1081-1_

1Ii~

FIG. 4 FIXING TO \VOOD SURROUND

Flo. S MASONRY OPENINGS REBATED WITH RSNDEItINO

19

IS : 1111 • 1MO

WIDTH OF WiNDOW......

10"""lf)GLASS

WIDTH OF STIEL _____WORK OPENING

6A

ROLLED STEELANGLE

MS OR HAADWOOD BLOCK

68

Flo. 6 DETAILS OF FIXING WINDOW TO ST2ELWORK

20

IS: 1011- 1960

Flo. 7 FIXING WINDOW IN POSITION

HOLDFASTPOSITION

IS: 1111-1_

,eziIII~

o

STRUCTURALFLOOR LIVEL

Flo. 8 '''HRESHOI.D I)ETAJL .·OR EXTERNAL DOOR

fIaIIIa.0...0 '.NtIHIOt- 'LOORZ-Ij

Flo.' THR.SHOLD DItTAIL FOil INTERNAL DOOR22

--60

IS : 1011 • 1J68

All dimensions in millimetrea.

Flo. lOA SLOTTED REVBR-SIBLE FIXING LUG

FIG. lOB FIXING LUG IN POSITION

23

"'S :" lOll • 1"0

MAI"C

WINDOW

IIA

Vlt4TILATOA

ltallllO MITA'-MU,-&.ION

co........ sealw(LINGTH TO H 15 "'''')

-LUMINIUM ALLOWMULLION

MAI'IC

SIDE HUNGSHUTTER

MASTIC

SlOE HUNGSHUTTER

liB

CO~ING lea..('-'NG'" TO II ,. ....

N"'CD "I'~LMULLION

COUItL'" G seAl",(LINGT H TO II 75"'Ift)

AL.UMINIUM ALLOYTRANSOMI

IIC 110

Flo. t 1 FORMING OF COMPOSITE DOORS, WINJ)OW~ ANI> VENTILATORS

24

IS : 1111• U6I

'liEDLIGHT

DOOR

SIDE HUNGSHUTTER

liE

SASH

"AITie

SASH

DOOR

IIF

A~UMINIUM AL~O'

..U.....ON

eOUPLl1ltG KArw(LING'" I() I'ao"",,)

IIG IIHFlO. 11 FORMINO OF COMPOSITE DOORS, WINDOWS AND V~NTII..ATORS

25

IS : 1011 • 1960

SQUARE aAV

...z .... i LINE Of REBATE2 O~ AT SILLt-V %0'".., S=0 -0 INSIDEIE .zQ.

t!41)

12A SQUARE BAV

FrG. 12 METHOD Of FrXINC STEEL WINDOW! IN O••'FEREN1'TvpE.S OF BAVS

26

S"-A'fID ...

NGLE 0' MY

IS: 1011-1_

DIMENSIONS 'A'

~ '."S ".Ift4:t... IAYS .1 ••tit lAYS 20.'"

INSIDE

LINE OF RElATEAT SILL

...-------WIDTH------

128 SPLAYED BAYS

FIr:. 12 METHOD 01: FIXINC STEF.L "V.NUO\\,S IN DIF'ERI.NT'T'YPES OF .8AVI

21

18 :·1111·1_

SQ~ SPLAYID aM,

..... ••DrH OF -...OPENING

zo;:~a

•• ---.....INE OF IEIATEAT SILL

INSIDE

12C SQUARE SPLAYED·BAYS (4So0 NLV)

FIG. 12 METHOD OF FIXING STEEL WINDOWS IN DIFFERENTTYPES 0." BAYS

28

IS: 1011 • 1_

CIRCU...1t ....

DIMENSION 'A'3LIGHr ... '1 ...ALL ontER' 'M"".,.

LINE 0' RElATEAT SILL

INSIDE

• •.....------ WIDTH Of OPENING ------........

12D CIRCULAR BAYS

FUL J2 METHOU 0.' FJX'N(j STEEL \V'NDOWS IN DIFFERENT"rVPES 0.' BAV~

29

IS : 1081 • 1960

zo~u

I

DIMENSION cA'30·0ll11L 20 "'1ft45- OAIIL 30 "'I"

INSIDE

LINE 0' RIBATEAT SILL

~--------- WIDTH12E ORIEL BAYS

...

Flo. 12 METHOD OF FJXI~O STEiL WINDOWS IN DIFFERENTTYPES OF BAYS

30

IS: lUI· I'"

//'

.~.---../.13A WINDOW

131 DOOR

Flo. 13 REVEAL FOR EXTBNDED HINOa

31

IS : 1011 • 1160

tI!

, ;*/ -, /

f. "ZGLASS WEDGEFIn. 14 POSITION 01-' (;LASS IN SIDE HUNG CA~f.MENT

32

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