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IS 12150 (1987): Method for determination of strength ofdisperse acetate dyes by exhaust dyeing [TXD 7: TextileSizing and Finishing Materials]

IS :12150-1987

Indian Standard METHOD FOR

DETERMINATION OF STRENGTH OF DISPERSE ACETATE DYES BY EXHAUST DYEING

Dyestuffs Sectional Committee, TDC 38

Chairman Kcpresenting

SHRI S. P. CHANDAVARXAR ,Jaysynth Dye-them Pvt Ltd, Bombay

Members

DE V.G. AGNIHOTRI National Peroxide Ltd, Bombay SURI M. R. BHATT Atul Products Limited, Atul

SIIKI J. Y. ACHAREKAR ( Alternate ) DaH.P. BEATTACHARYA National Textile Corporation Ltd, New Delhi

SHRI P. P. CHECKER (Alternate) DR ( KUMARI ) M. D. BEAVSAR Silk & Art Silk Mills’ Research Association,

Bombay DR D. K. DAS National Test House, Calcutta SHRI N. H. DESAI Ahmedabad Textile Industry’s Research

Association, Ahmadabad DR M. M. DESHPAN~E S. G. Chemicals and Dyes Trading Limited,

Born bay SHRI P. A. K. NAIR ( Alternnte )

SHRI K. S. DESIKAN Office of the Textile Commissioner, Bombay SHRI P. C. JAIN (A/tern& )

SARI M. D. DIXIT Textile Association ( India ), Bombay SIIRI L. D. VAIYRNAV ( Alternale )

SHRI R. V. GUPTE Colour-Chem Limited, Bombay SHRI Y. P. BAPA~ ( Alternate )

SRRI S. R. IYER Atic Industries Ltd, Valsad Dx K. APARAJITRAN ( Alternate )

SHRI N. KASTURIA Ministry of Defence ( R & D ) SHRI RAJINDRA SINGH ( Alternate )

SHRI G. G. KULKARNI Chika Limited, Bombay SHRI V. G. SALUNKHE ( Alternate )

DR B. MAHAPATRO Bombay Millowners’ Association, Bombay SHRI A. K. MANDAL Directorate General 01‘ Technical Development,

New Delhi SHRI R. D. KAWATKA ( Altematc)

( Contznued on page 2 )

,o Copyright 1988

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the Indian CopVrighr Ad ( XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement af copyright under the said Act.

IS:12150 -1987

( Conttnued from page 1 )

Members l+rpessnting SERI B. M. NAIIC Indian Dyestuff Industries Ltd, Bombay

SHRI V. R. KARMAKAR (Alternate ) DR B. M. PATEL Dyestuffs Manufacturers’ Association of India,

Bombav Da ( SHRXMATI ) S. S. PATWARDHAN Wool R&&h Association, Bombay SHRI S. RAJAQ~PALAN Hindustan Ciba-Geigy_Ltd, Bombay _

Sn~r D. K. MURTHY ( Alternate ) SHRI A. V. RAMAMURTHY Development Commissioner of Handloom, New

Delhi SHRI S. R. ANANTIIAKRISRNA SETTY Binny Limited, Madras

SHRX A. J. KADAYAN ( Alternate) SERI H. A. SnAtr Century Spg & Mfg Co Ltd, Bombay

SARI MAKESI% SHARMA ( Alternate ) SHRI K. G. SIlAH Ahmrdabad Manufacturing and Calico Printing

Co Ltd, Ahmadabad DR J. I. SETALWAD ( Alternate )

SHRI D. K. SINHA Bombay Textile Research Association, Bombay Sskr S. VARDARAJAN ( Alternate ) .

SHRl N. G. SOM Indian Jute Industries Research Association, Calcutta

SHRI D. K. SRIVASTAVA Ministry of Defence ( DGI ) SARI A. N. MUSRRAM ( ALternate )

SHRI D. R. TENDULKAR Amar Dye-Chem Ltd, Bombay SHRI R. I. MIDIIA, Director General, BIS (Ex-oficio Membrr )

Director ( Tcx ) Secretary

SHRI M. S. VRRMA Deputy Director ( Tex ), BIS

Disperse Dyes Subcommittee, TDC 38 : 7

Members SHRI R. H. hRNGER1

SHRI M. R. BHA.~,~ SHRI R. V. GUPTE

SHRI Y. P. BAPAT ( Alternate ) SHRI S. R. IYEI~ DR S. Y. KAMAT

SHRI V. S. AN~ADI ( Alternate ) SHRI M. S. KHADABAUI

Bombay Dyeing & Manufacturing Co Ltd, Bombay Atul Products Limited, Atul Colour-Chem Ltd, Bombay

Atic Industries Limited, Valsad Sandoz ( India) Ltd, Bombay

Hindustan Spg & Wvg Mills Ltd, Bombay .\ DR M. G. SALUKARE (Alternate 1

SHRI S. S. K~THARI Jaysynth Dye-Chem Pvt Ltd, Bombay SHRI S. P. CHANDAVARKAR ( Alternate I ) SHRI V. M. RAMACHANDRAN ( Alternate II )

SHRI J. L. Fo rEDAR Gwalior Rayon, Gwalior SHRI C. P. PATEL Rathi Dye-Chem Pvt Ltd, Raigad SHRI S. G. PARULKAR Indian Dyrstuff Industri(,s Ltd, Bombay DR J. I. SETALWAD Ahmedabad Manufacturing & Calico Printing

Co Ltd, Ahmadabad SHRI IAMNADAS K. SHAH Arvind Mills Ltd, Ahmadabad

SHRI I. M. PATEL ( Alternate ) SERl S. A. SHAH Silk & Art Silk Mills’ Research Association,

Bombay

2

IS:12150- 1987

lndian Standard METHOD FOR

DETERMINATION OF STRENGTH OF DISPERSE ACETATE DYES RY EXHAUST DYEING

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 20 July 1987, after the dra-ft finalized by the Dyestuffs Sectional Committee had been approved by the Textile Division Council.

0.2 Disperse dyes are marketed in large number of varieties in powder or paste form with different strengths and sometimes even as mixtures also. These dyes are mainly used for colouring hydrophobic fibres, such as cellulose acetate, triacetate, p-olyester, polyamide, polyacry- lonitrilc, etc. Disperse acetate dyes are specially used for colouring acetate fibres. With a few exceptions, disperse acetate dyes do not build up well on polyester fibres ( they do not produce deep shades on polyester fibres ). Further they are not sufficiently fast to sublimation.

0.3 The method laid down in this standard for determining the strength of dyestuff against a mutually accepted standard would be useful for assessing both strength and shade of disperse dyes for acetate frbre.

0.4 The method prescribed in this standard is a general method and, wherever special instructions are given by the manufacturers, these should be followed while carrying out the dyeing. In order to compare the strength of dyestuff under test and the standard dyestuff, dyeing of two standard depths of shade are recommended ( SPP Appendix A ).

0.5 In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded elf it shall be done in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values (rcvired).

IS : 12150 - 1987

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes a method for evaluating the strength of disperse dyes for acetate fibre by exhaust dyeing.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall “PPlY.

2.1 Depth of Shade - It is the amount of dyestuff in g in the dyebath per 100 g of the textile material to be dyed, expressed as a percentage.

2.2 Strength of Dyestuff - It is the actual dye content in g per 100 g of the sample of dyestuff expressed as a percentage; assuming strength of the standard dyestuff to be 100 percent.

2.3 Liquor Ratio-The ratio of the mass of the material to be dyed to the mass of the liquor ( dye solution or dyebath ) in which the material is to be dyed.

3. STANDARD DYESTUFF

3.1 The standard dyestuff against which the strength of dyestuil’ under test is evaluated, shall be as agreed to between the buyer and the seller.

4. APPARATUS

4.1 High Temperature Bomb/Beaker Dyeing Machine ( Labora- tory Type ) - Consisting of a number of bombs/beakers made of thick stainless steel and provided with a rotating mechanism to rotate these beakers/bombs in forward or backward direction in glycerine bath. The machine shall be provided with electric heaters ( with cut-off system) to heat the glycerine bath gradually up to $5” f 2°C at a rate of 1” - 2°C per minute. The machine should also be provided with a running tap water circulation systern to cool the bombs/beakers.

NOTE- Any other machine giving identical and reproducible results may also be used.

4.2 A pH Meter

4.3 A Glass Rod -- for preparing dispersion of dye.

4.4 Graduated Pipette - with an accuracy up to 0’1 ml.

4.5 Graduated Glass Cylinder - 500 ml capacity and accuracy up to 1 ml.

4

4.6 Weighing Balance - with accuracy up to 1 mg.

4.7 Comb - for combing the dyed hanks.

IS :12150- 1987

5. REAGENTS

5.1 Quality of Reagents

5.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, pure chemicals shall be employed in tests and the distilled water shall be used where the use of water as reagent is intended (see IS : 1070-1977* ).

NOTE - ‘Pure chemicals’ shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities which affect the test results.

5.2 A Suitable Dispersing Agent -May be based on sulphated ricinoleic acid ester, such as butyl sulphoricinoleate having the formula as follows:

,0S03Na

H& 17 \ c: - OC&Hy

11 0

5.3 Acetic Acid - 30 percent ( m/v ).

5.4 Non-ionic Synthetic Detergent Based on Polyethylene Glycol

5.5 An appropriate number of hanks of well scoured, uniform, 100 percent acetate spun yarn from the same lot, each weighing 5’00f0’02 ,g and free from optical brightening agents.

6. EVALUATION ON STRENGTH OF DYESTUFF

6.1 Procedure

6.1.1 Prepare stock dispersion of the standard dyestuff and the dyestuff under test separately as given below:

Sprinkle 5’0 g of the standard dyestuff over 15-20 times the quantity of distilled water at 40°C under constant stirring and make up to 100 ml using distilled water.

‘Specification for water for general laboratory use ( w&d).

IS : 12150 - 1987

6.1.2 Take the required volume of the stock dispersion of the standard dyestuff as per the ~depth recommended in Appendix A. It is calculated as follows:

Volume of stock dispersion ( ml ) = - Recommended percent depth x m

5

where

m is the mass of each hank of acetate yarn ( see 5.5).

6.1.3 Prepare as follows six dyebaths of the standard dyestuff, three each for the lower and higher recommended standard depths such that one dyebath has concentration as given in Appendix A and other two differ from this value by 5 percent, one on lower side and the other on higher side. For example, in case of 0’5 percent standard depth, three dyebaths of 0’475, 0’500 and 0’525 percent concentration shall be prepared.

Add the required volume of dye dispersion for the depths of shades as recommended in Appendix A in the bombs/beakers already set with 0’5-1 ,g=/l of dispersing agent in 50 ml of distilled water at 40°C. Add 1 ml of acetic acid ( 30 percent ) to adjust the PH of each dycbath to 6’0-6’5. Finally, make the total volume of dye liquor to 100 ml by adtling distilled water at 40°C to give a liquor ratio of 1:20.

6.1.4 Prepare suitable number of dyebaths of the dyestuff under test for each standard depth as recommended in Appendix A such that each differ in concentration from the other by 5 percent of the value sprcificd in Appendix A. For example, in case of 0’5 percent standard depth, prepare required number of dyebaths of 0’425, 0’450, 0’475 0’500, 0’525, 0’5.50 and 0’575 percent concentration, etc, similarly as given in 6.1.3.

6.1.5 Take required number of hanks of well scoured acetate yarn (see 5.5) and treat them in hot water at 60,‘C for 10 minutes. Squeeze them individually so that pick up for each hank is approximately cent percent.

NOTE - The hanks should have neutral or slightly acitlic pH but never alkaline.

6.1.6 Cool all the hanks and enter in separate dyebaths already pmparetl as in 6.1.3 and 6.1.4, and close the bombs/beakers. Start each dyeing at 40°C and raise the temperature gradually to 85°C in about 35-40 mmutes at the rate of l-2°C per minute.

6.1.7 Continue dyeing at 85°C for 60 minutes more. After dyeing, rinsr the hanks thoroughly in distilled water.

IS : 12150 - 1987

6.1.8 Wash each hank separately in bombs/beakers containing 2 g/l non-ionic synthetic detergent at 40°C for about 10 minutesat liquor ratio of 1:20 and then rinse them thoroughly in water and dry them in air at a temperature not exceeding 60°C.

6.1.9 Compare the dyeings of the dye under test with those of the standard dyestuff and select dyed hanks of dye under test which exactly match with those of the standard dyestuff. Note the percentage depths of dyestuff under test which exactly match with those of the standard dyestuff ( see Notes 1, 2, and 3 ).

NOTE 1 - The dyed hanks should be laid side by side in the same plane and oriented in the same direction. They should be combed to uniformmthicknesr to avoid the effects of the backing on the appearance. Matching should be done on a white background in north skylight, if possible. The consistency in strength variation of different dyeings of standard dyesruff and the dyestuff under test should be observed. If the strength variation between the two consecutive dyeings are not constant the dyeings should be repeated. In all casts, f 5 percent deviation in dye strength is taken for accurate strength assessment in the dye trials.

NOTE 2 - Before comparing the dyed specimens, it should be ensured that the dyeings are uniform land free from dyeing defects, otherwise dyeings should be repeated.

NOTE 3 -In case of dispute due to total deviations, spectrophotometer may be used to set right any doubt.

7. CALCULATIONS

7.1 Calculate the strength of dyestuff under test for both ret o mmended depths of standard dycstuff by the following formula:

where

S = strength of dyestuff under test in percentage,

A = percentage depth of shade of standard dyestuff, and

B = percentage depth of shade of the dyestuff under test matching with A.

7.2 Find out the average of the two values of S as obtained in 7.1

8. REPORT

8.1 Repor-t the value obtained in 7.2 as strength of the dyestuff under test in percentage.

IS : 12150 - 1987

9. SAMPLING

9.1 Lot -All the containers of the same dye and of the same concentration delivered to a buyer against one despatch note shall constitute a lot.

9.2 Unless otherwise agreed to between the buyer and the seller, the number of containers to be selected at random from a lot shall be as given below:

Lot Size Sample Size

up to 15 2

16 to 25 3

26 to 50 4

51 to 100 5

101 to 150 6

151 to 300 7

301 and obove 8

9.3 If the dye is marketed in powder form, draw from each container as selected in 9.2 a small quantity of the dye by a suitable sampling instrument from three different parts and mix thoroughly to get a composite sample weighing about 20 g. This shall constitute the test sample.

9.4 For dyes marketed in liquid emulsion or paste form, shake each container as selected in 9.2 thoroughly so as to homogenize the dye dispersion and then draw the test sample as given in 9.3.

APPENDJX A ( Clauses 0.4, 6.1.2, 6.1.3 and 6.1.4 )

RECOMMENDED STANDARD DEPTHS FOR EVALUATING STRENGTH OF DYESTUFF

SI, NO.

(1) i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

HUE OP DYESTUFF

(2) Yellow, orange, scarlet red and blue ( excluding navy blue urld turqoise blue ) Violet

Turqoise blue

Navy blue

Black

RECOMKENDED STANDARD

DEPTH OF SHADE (g “P l)YlqlOO g

OF FIBRE )

(3)

0.5 md 1.5 or 2.0

0.3 and I.0

I.0 and 4’0

2-O and 6’0

2.0 and 8.0