IS 5651 (1987): Steels for Pneumatic Tools · IS : 5651 - I-987 9. Surface The depth of decarburization, when IS : 6396-1983 ‘Method of measuring decarburized depth of steel ( method

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IS 5651 (1987): Steels for Pneumatic Tools [MTD 16: AlloySteels and Forgings]

UDc 66915-194-018~25-422 : 621’542 IS : 5651 - 1987

Indian Standard

SPECIFICAT-ION FOR STEELS FOR PNEUMATIC TOOLS

( First Revision )

1. Scope - This standard specifies the requirements for alloy tool steels in theform of bars ( rolled or forged ) for the manufacture of pneumatic tools by forgings.

2. Terminology - For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS : 1956 ( Parts 1 to ~8 ) ‘Glossary of terms relating to iron and steel’, shall apply.

3. Supply of Material

3.1 General requirements relating tothe supply of material shall conform to IS : 1387-1967 ‘General requirements for the supply of metallurgical materials ( first revision )‘.

3.2 Steels covered in this standard shall be ordered and delivered on the basis of:

Chemical composition and hardness in spheroidized annealed or annealed condition, grain size, micro-structure and restricted non-metallic inclusions.

3.3 For the benefit of the purchaser, an informative Appendix (see Appendix A ) giving particulars to be specified by the purchaser while ordering for steels, has been included.

0. Manufacture

4.1 The steel shall be manufactured by the electric process. In case, any other process is employed, prior approval of the purchaser shall be obtained.

a.2 Sufficient discards shall be made from each ingot to ensure freedom from piping, harmful segregation and other harmful defects.

4.3 The ingots shall be properly forged or rolled to the required size. The reduction ratio shall be not less than 6 in case of rolled products and not less than 4 in case of forged products.

4.4 The material shall be reasonably free from harmful surface and internal defects.

4.5 The material may be conditioned to remove injurious surface defects by chipping, machining, grinding or any other means.

4.5.1 If the material is conditioned by grinding or chipping, the depth of conditioning shall not exceed half the machining allowance per side and width of conditioning shall be at least four times Its greatest depth.

5, Chemical Composition

5.1 The ladle analysis of steel when analysed either by the method specified in IS : 228 ‘Methods for chemical analysis of steels’ and its relevant parts or any other established instrumental chemical method, shall be as given in Table 1.

5.1 .I In case of dispute, the procedure given in the latest edition of IS : 228 and its relevant parts for chemical analysis shall be ‘Referee Method’.

5.1.2 Elements not included in Table 2 shall not intentionally be added to steel without the agreement of the purchaser except when required for the purpose of finishing the heat. All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the addition of such elements from scrap or other materials used in the manufacture.

Adopted 20 November 1987 I

@I October 1988, BIS I

Gr4

L1II”CAII ne ILln,Anl c-rnlllr.l”nc. ““OCn” “I- ,IY”Inl” Jlr\lYY~rlU3

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR; MARG NEW DELHI 110002

IS:5651 -1987

TABLE 1 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PNEUMATIC TOOL STEELS

(Claoses5.1.7and15)

SI Grade Constituents, Percent Annealed

No. Designation* ~~____~__~~_~~~~- h___-___--______-7 Hardness, I* C Si Mn S Cr P V W Max HBS

Max Max

i) T40W8Cr5V2 0.35-0.45 0.50-1.00 0.20-0’40 0.035 1 .OO-1’50 0,035 0.10-0.25 1’75-2.25 245

ii) T50W8Cr5V2 0’45-0.55 0.50-1.00 0.20-0.40 0.035 1.00-I .50 0.035 0.1 O-O.25 1’75-2’25 245

iii) XT32W9Cr3V 0.25-0.40 O*lO-0.35 0.20-0.40 0.035 2.80-3.30 0.035 0.25-0.50 8.00-10.0 255

iv) XT72W18Cr4Vl 0.55-0.80 0.15-0.40 0.20-0’40 0.035 3.75-4.50 0.035 1’00-1.25 17.5-l 9.0 255

*See IS : 1702 ( Part 1 )-I974 ‘Code for designation of steel: Part 1 Based on letter symbols ( first revision )‘.

5.1.3 Where the elements are not specified, the following shall be acceptable:

Constituent Percent ( Max)

Ni 0’40

Sn

5.2 Check Analysis - The permissible variation in case of product fro;n the limits specified in Table 1 shall be as given in Table 2.

TABLE 2 PER-MISSIBLE VARIATION IN PRODUCT ANALYSIS

( Clauses 5.1.2 and 5.2 )

Constituent Percent Permissible ~~~_~~h~_-_~~ Variation, Percent

Over Up to and Including

Carbon 0.25 - f 0.03

Silicon 0.10 0.35 zk 0.03 0’35 I.00 f 0’05

Manganese - 0.40 * 0.04

Chromium 1’00 1’50 zk 0’05 1’50 4.50 f 0.10

Vanadium 0’10 1’50 & 0.05

Tungsten 1.75 2.25 f 0.05 2.25 IO.00 f 0’10

IO.00 19.00 f 0.20

Sulphur 0.035 =t 0.005

Phosphorus - 0.035 f 0.005

6. Heat Treatment

6.1 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, steels shall be supplied in the spheroidized annealed condition.

6.2 Recommended heat treatment schedules are given in Appendix B for guidance and information only.

7. Hardness - Steels in the spheroidized annealed or annealed condition when tested in accordance with IS : 1500-I 983 ‘Method for Brine11 hardness test for metallic materials (second revision)‘, shaft have the maximum Brine11 hardness in accordance with Table 1.

8. Macro-Structure - The macro-structure in the annealed condition shall be clean and exhibit a uniform and dense structure free from excess porosity, pipes, cracks, non-metallic inclusions segregations and other injurious defects. It is recommended for guidance only that 15 to 30 minute; etching time IS necessary for revealing macro-structure in the annealed condition.

2

IS : 5651 - I-987

9. Surface The depth of decarburization, when IS : 6396-1983 ‘Method of measuring decarburized depth of steel ( method as agreeed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, shall Tables 3, 4 and 5.

measured in accordance with first revision )‘, or any other not exceed the limits given in

TABLE 3 MINIMUM ALLOWANCES PER SIDE FOR MACHINING AND MAXIMUM DECARBURIZATION LIMITS FOR ROUNDS, HEXAGONS AND OCTAGONS

All dimensions in millimetres.

Specified Size Forged Hot Rolled

Up to and including 13 - 0’41

Over 13 up to and including 25 - 0.79

Over 25 up to and including 50 I.83 1.22

Over 50 up to and including 75 2.39 1.60


Over 100 up to and including 125 3,80 2.84



Over 200 up to and including 300 9.00 -

Over 300 to and including 400 up 12.00

Over 400 up to and including 500 15.00 -

Over 500 up to and including 600 18.00

Note - Maximum decarburization limit is 80 percent of machining allowances per side.

TABLE 4 MINIMUM ALLOWANCES PER SIDE FOR MACHINING AND MAXIMUM DECARBURIZATION LIMITS FOR HOT ROLLED SQUARE AND FLAT BARS


Specified Specified Width Thickness ~~~_-~~_~~-~~-~~ ----h -_-__-- ____- - --__. __.__~

Up to and Over 13 Over 25 Over 50 Over 75 Over 100 Over Over 150 Over 176 Over Over 225

incl 13 up to up to up to up to upto 125upto upto up to 2oouo LID to

Up to and A including 13 B

Over 13 up to and A including 25 E

Over 25 up to and A including 50 6

Over5OuptoandA including 75 B

Over 75 up to and A including 100 6

and incl and incl and inch and incl and incl and incl and incl and incl

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200

to and

incl 225

1.50 2.50

and incl

300

0.60 0 60 0.80 0.90 1 .oo I.10 1.27 I.40 1.50 0.60 0.80 1 .oo I.20 1 .40 1.70 2.00 2.10 2.50

I.50 3.00

- I.10 I.10 I.10 I.30 1.40 I.60 I.80 1’90 - I.10 I.30 1’50 1’80 2.00 2.60 2.90 3.10

I.90 3’20

1.90 3,40

- - I.60 I.60 I.80 I.80 I.90 1 .90 2.00 2.20 2.30 - - I.60 1.80 I.90 2.30 2.70 3’10 3’50 3.80 3’90

- - - 2.00 2’00 2.20 2.20 2.30 2.30 - - - 2’00 2.30 2.60 3.00 3.50 3.90

2.50 2.50 4.10 -

- - - - 2.50 2.50 2.70 2.90 3’00 - - - - 2’50 2.90 3.10 3.80 4.20

3.20 3.20 4.20 3.50


3

IS : 5651 - 1987

TABLE 5 MINIMUM MACHINING ALLOWANCES PER SIDE FOR FORGED SQUARES AND FLATS

( Clause 9 )

Specified Thickness


Specified Width C_-__------------------h~-_--

Up to and incl 13 up to and up to and UP to and

incl 25 incl 50 -incl 75 1 and incl to and to and to-and to and to and incl 125 incl 150 incl 175 incl 200 incl 225

Up to and inciuding A 0.80 13 B 0.80

Overl3uptoand A - including 25 6 -

Over 25 up to and A including 50 B q

Over50 up to and A - including 75 B -

Over 75 up to and A - including 100 B -

Over 100 up to and A - including 125 B -_

Over 125 up to and A - including 150 B -

Over 150 A - 6 -

0.80 1.20

I.50 I.50

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

0.90 1’60

I.50 1’90

2.30 2.30

- -

- -

-

- -

- -

1 *oo 2.00

I.60 2.10

2.30 2’60

3.00 3.00

- -

-

- -

- -

100

1.1 2.5

;:;

2.3 2.7

;:;

3.8 3’8

1.6 1.8 1.8 4.2

3:: - 2.1

4.3

1.9 5.0

- - - -

1.9 3.1

2.3 2.5 2.8 5’1 5.1 5.1

2.5 3’1

3.1 3.5

3.8 3.8

2.8 2.9 3.8 4.4

3.3 3.4 3’8 4’4

4.0 4.5 4.0 4.5

4.5 4.8 4.5 4.8

55:; 5.6 5.6

3.1 3.5 3.8 5.2 5.2 5.2

3.8 4.0 4.4 5.2 5’2 5.2

5.2 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3

- -

- -

- -

4.5 4.5

- -

- -

- 6.3 6.3


5-3 5.7 6.3 5.3 5.7 6.3

5.6 5.6

6.3 6.3 ;:3”

6.3 6!3 6.3 6.3

10. Micro-Structure

10.1 When tested in accordance with 10.2, it shall show uniform distributed carbides in the matrix.

10.2 The longitudinal specimen shall be taken at a location mid-way between the other edge of the specimen. The specimen shall be polished, suitably etched microscopically.

centre and the and examined

11. Grain Size

11 .I Austenitic grain size shall be 6, /Win when tested in accordance with IS : 2853-l 864 ‘Method of determining austenitic grain Size of Steel’.

12. anon-Metallic Inclusions - Non-metallic inclusions should not exceed Grades ‘3,4, 3B, 3C, 3D thin series’ and ‘2A, 2B, 2C, 2D heavy series’ as given in Fig. 1 of IS:41 63-1882 ‘Method for determination of inclusion content in steel by microscopic method ( first revision )‘.

13. Dimensional Tolerances

13.1 Tolerances for forged bars shall be as given in Table 6.

4

I&56& - i987

TABLE 6 DIMENSIONAL TOLERA-NCES FOR FORGED BARS ( ROUNDS, SQUARES, HEXAGONS AND OCTAGONS )

( Clause 13.1 )


Specified Dimensions

up to 75

Tolerance

+3 -0

Over 75 up to and including 125 t-5 -0

Dver 125 up to and including 175

Over 175 up to and including 225

Over 225

2,”

+ 12’5

; 1”6 -0

13.2 In case of rolled products, the dimensional tolerances shall be as given in Tables 7 and 8.

TABLE 7 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES FOR HOT ROLLED BARS I ROUNDS

Size

Up to and including

Over 10 up to and including 20

Over 20 up to and excluding 30

30 and over

SQUARES, HEXAGONS AND OCTAGONS ) ’


Permissible Variation ~~~~~~----h~~~~~~~~

Under Over

10 0.15 0.30

0.20 0.40

0.30 0.70

I.0 percent 2.5 percent of size of size

Out of Section

0.35

0.50

0.70

70 percent of range of permissible variation

Note - Tighter tolerances, if any, may be mutually agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

TABLE 8 SIZE TOLERANCE8 FOR HOT ROLLED FLATS


Specified Width Permissible Variation For ,-_-h_-_, ___---_--___---L- h--__---_----,___ ’ Over

25

50

75

100

125

Uptoand” Width including r--*--7

Under Over

25 0.4 0.8

50 0.8 I.3

75 O-8 I.3

100 1 *3 1’8

125 -1 .3 1.8

150 I.8 2.4

Specified Thickness of .

r_-___---------- h-_-_-____-________~

Up to and Over 6 up to Over 13 up to Over 25 up to including 6 and including 13 and including 25

r..-__h---, and including 50

rA_ r------y _--_*_

Under Over Under Over Under Over Under OZ

0.16 O-25 0.20 0.32 0.25 0.40 0.50 0’50

0.16 0.35 0.20 0’40 0.25 0’50 0.50 0’60

0.16 0.45 0.20 0.50 0.25 0’60 0.50 0.70

0.20 0’50 0.25 0.55 0.32 0.60 0.60 0’75

O-25 0.50 0’32 0.60 0.40 0.75 0.70 0.90

0.32 0.50 0.35 0.75 0.45 0’75 0.75 0’90

13.2.1 Straightness - The straightness tolerance shall not exceed 6 mm in any 1’0 m length for hot rolled bars in accordance with IS : 37391987 ‘Dimensional tolerances for carbon and alloy constructional steel products ( first revision )‘. However, if required, 3 mm/m can also be supplied, if mutually agreed upon.

14. Sampling - The ladle analysis shall be supplied by the producer. A product analysis can also be supplied

IS:5651 -1987

14.1 Sampling for Physical Tests- Samples shall be selected from each size group, from each heat treatment batch and for the material of the same cast as follows:

Test

Hardness test in spheroidized annealed condition

5

Macroscopic examination

Surface decarburization

Carbide distribution

1

Number of Samples

percent of number of pieces in the charge upto a maximum of IO and a minimum of 2, but all sizes shall be covered.

from each heat treatment batch

do

do

15. Retests-If the results of the product analysis do not meet the composition requirements given in Table 1, unless otherwise agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer, two new samples shall be taken in different pieces from the same cast. If the two analyses satisfy the requirements, the lot represented shall be accepted. If either of the tests fails, the material shall be taken as not complying with this standard.

15.1 Retest for Physical Tests- If the samples selected under 14.1 fail to meet the specified requirements, two samples shall be selected further from the same consignment* of material. The consignment shall be considered to conform to the requirements if both the additional tests are satisfactory. If either of the samples fails, the manufacturer shall have the right, if he desires, to heat treat the product again but not more than twice in any suitable manner and after two fresh samples for testing. If the two tests satisfy the requirements of this st~andard, the lot represented shall be accepted. If either of the samples fails, the material shall be taken as not complying with this standard.

16. Additional Tests

16.1 Fracture in Heat Treated Condition-If it is agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer that tt,is test is required, the material after being heat treated and fractured as described in 16.1.1 shall sI~.ow a surface of uniform texture but shall Kot show any harmful defects, such as cracks, splits ar d pipes and shall ke reasonably free from streaks and segregation ( seams can be

observed in macrotech test ).

16.1 .I The test specimens, wherever practicable, shall comprise the entire cross-sectional area of the material.

The test pieces shall be suitably heat treated and fractured. The fresh fracture shall bz examined visually and by a magnifying glass.

q 7. Marking

17.1 Each bar above 50 mm diameter or of the equivalent cross-sectional area shall be stamped or suitably marked at the end with the following :

a) Name or trade-mark of the manufacturer, and

b) Cast number or any other identification mark by which the steel may be traced back to the cast from which it was made.

17.2 Bars of 50 mm diameter or Of the equivalent cross section and below, shall be bundled as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. The metal tag attached to each bundle shall be marked with the following information:

a) Name or trade-mark of the manufacturer,

b) Grade,

c) Size, and

d) Cast number or any other identification mark by which the steel may be traced back to the cast from which it was made,

*Consignment constitutes material of same size grouping, same heat treatment batch and of the same cast,

6

IS : 5651 - 1987

17.3 The colour scheme given in IS : 2049-1978 ‘Colour code for the identification of wrought steels for general engineering purposes ( first~revisiffn )‘, or any other scheme according to the requirements of the purchaser may be adopted to mark the grade of the material.

‘I 7.4 Standard Marking - Details available with the Bureau of Indian Standards.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

APPENDIX ( Clause 3.3 )

PARTICULARS TO BE FURNISHED WHILE PLACING THE

A

BY THE PURCHASER ORDER

Title, number and date of the specification;

Designation of steel;

Form and dimensional requirements;

Condition and finish;

Net mass;

Process by which steel is to be made if not by electric-furnace process;

Any special tolerances, if required;

The end use of the material;

Additional test, if required; and

To serve as a guide for sizes to be ordered, tables be added to the finished size desired.

machining allowance as indicated in the various

APPENDIX B ( Clause 6.2 )

RECOMMENDED HEAT TREATMENT SCHEDULE FOR PNEUMATIC TOOL STEELS

Treatment Designation ~______________h_______---_____

Spheroidizing/ T40W8Cr5V2 T50W8Cr5V2 XT32W9Cr3V Annealing

XT72W18Cr4VT

i) ii)

iii)

iv)

Rate of heating Slow-uniform

Annealing temperature, 730-760°C “C ( soaking according to its cross section ) Rate of cooling 20”C/h ( on cooling down to 6OO”C, faster rate of cooling permissible )

Hardness after 245 annealing (HBs, Max)

Slow-uniform Slow-uniform Slow-uniform

780-815”~ 800-840°C 840-880°C

20”Clh 15”C/h 15”C/h

245 255 255

Hardening and Tempering

i) Rate of heating Slow 50%/h Slow 50°C/h

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

Preheat temperature - -

Hardening temperature 900- 950°C 880-920°C Soaking time at According to According to hardening temperature cross section cross section

Quenching medium Water, oil Oil

vi)

vii)

Tempering temperature 200-400°C ( double tempering recommended )

Hardness after 50-55 heat treatment, HRC - protection against excessive sealing or decarburization is necessary. Heat treatment ( preheat, hardening and Note

tempering ) is carried out best in salt baths.

200-400°C

50-55 45-55 52-57

Slow up to Slow up to preheat rapid preheat rapid after that after that

815°C 815-870°C

1 080-I 150°C 1 240-I 290°C

2 to 5 min 2 to 5 min

Oil, air, salt bath at 500°C

590-760°C

Oil, air, salt bath at 500°C

640-680°C

7

1s : 5651 - 1987

EXPLANATORY NOTE

In order to effect variety reduction and to promote economic production of alloy and special steels in the country, IS : 1570-1961 ( under revision and being published in seven different parts ) was published as a part of Steel Economy Programme. It has served as the basic standard for specifying steel compositions in all the Indian Standards relating to material specifications. In view of the fact that a number of requirements, such as limits for sulphur and phosphorus, method of deoxidation, additional tests for specific purposes, have been left to be specified in individual specifications; a need was felt that detailed Indian Standards should be prepared on the basis of which the material could be indented for. Accordingly, it has been decided to formulate these detailed specifications. The steels covered in this standard are used for the manufacture of pneumatic tools,

This standard was first published in 1970 and on the basis of experience gained in production land the use of pneumatic tools, following major modifications have been incorporated in this specification:

a) The requirements for check analysis have been laid down, and

b) Requirements for macro-structure, micro-structure, surface decarburization, grain size, non- metallic inclusions and dimensional tolerances have been included.

8 Printed at Swatantra Bharat Press, Delhi,

Documents

IS 5651 (1987): Steels for Pneumatic Tools · IS : 5651 - I-987 9. Surface The depth of decarburization, when IS : 6396-1983 ‘Method of measuring decarburized depth of steel ( method