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1
OA Dr. Ralf Knels
German Red Cross – BDS East
ISBT and RFID task force
Impressive at the first look, but horrible in the forest
Staff flexibility, patient waiting timeTime registration
Babies, devices, instruments, pharmaceuticalsTheft protection
Temperature, in future: blood pressure, O2,… etc.Sensory functions
Emergency supply (processes in time), patient guidance,
container guidance for food, wear, pharmaceuticals etc.
Process management
Mental confused patients, maintenance, sterilisationObservation
Finding of mobile devices, special “blood”, staffLocalisation
save patient, sample or application box identificationIdentification
mobile data collection/ transport possible in environments
without wireless solutions/ server connectivity or for
quicker recording
in future: data store and carrier for implanted biochips?
Data storage and
transport
pharmaceuticals, plasma products, instruments, devicesCounterfeit protection
incoming, in process and distribution control of hospital
wears, pharmaceuticals, blood, surgical instruments, etc.
Bulk reading
better acceptance, contactless identification in “sterile”
environments or for work automatic doors
Access control
DescriptionFunction
2
RFID and Transfusion international:
2003 - donation till hospital depot (passive)
first trials with Temp Sense (semiactive)
(DRK-BDS Sachsen, Dresden)
2005 - patient identification by drug- and blood-
application (Siemens � New York and Saarbrücken)
- patient identification by drug- and blood-
application (Boston)
- temperature control by hospital transports
(Innsbruck, Vienna with Temp Sense)
2006 - transponder hospital depot till patient (Washington)
- ROI and influence on blood (Milwaukee)
2007 - temperature control until transport with Vario Sens
(DRK-BDS East, Dresden)
� founded at July 1th 2005 in Athena
� invitation, aim and topics in 2005, 48 participants
ISBT - WPIT Task Force “RFID”
� creation of two websites
a) for internal use (BSCW-server)
b) for official use (www.rfid-transfusion.org)
� 5 meetings till 2006
� planned for 2008 June: final draft of a guideline for
the use of RFID Devices in Transfusion Medicine
3
� technical overview and comparison with other Auto-ID’s
� risk assessment
“RFID”-guideline: main topics
� current usages in industry and health care
� possible improvements in health care and
transfusion medicine
� implementation in transfusion medicine:
- standardization
- technical architecture
- implementation methodology
- validation tips
- frequency by direct contact: 13.56 MHz
- documentation and logistic processes faster and easier
- can improve transfusion safety
agreements
- the points of first implementation (pain points) are
different in several blood banks
- usage of ISO 15693 tag, switch to new HF item tag
when it’s available
- buy readers with guaranteed future upgrade capability
4
production of ~80%
in 16 DRK-institutes
(70.000 – 750.000)
4.5 Mill. donation/
year in Germany
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Red Cross Blood Donation Services in Germany
advantages in transfusion medicine
- easier documentation (non direct/ bulk reading)
- easier localisation (allow identification of “best” product by PC)
- saving of relevant data on blood bag (read/ write tags)
- temperature control (semiactive tags)
5
Questions
- tag survive harsh environment (e.g. 5.000xg centrifugation)?
- blood “fluid” � readable?
- influence of frequencies on blood cells and proteins?
- what tag capacity, functionality and safety?
- implementation in supply chain reasonable
- cost versus benefits?
our dream:
quick bulk reading with
robust, multifunctional
and cheap RFID-tags!
centrifugation
- correct packaging,
- sticking after separation
(passive label on plasma bag can be used for
RFID-identification of whole blood system)
buckling of labels
6
first adapted readers
Trials 2006/07
1.000 semi-active “Vario Sens®” Label
(KSW Microtec AG, Dresden)
metal cooling plates with problems
� regarded by the new transport system!
7
trials with tunnel reader: difficult
Magellan technology with not tuned
RFID-label with good results
lengthwiseslow92,312137
lengthwiseslow92,312136
lengthwiseslow69,29135
lengthwiseslow10013134
lengthwiseslow10013133
lengthwiseslow10013132
lengthwiseslow100 13131
Adjust-
ment
speedIn %readableno.
RBC
trial
- produced only with tag-UID, up to 700 data storable
- correct measuring ±1°K compared to PT100-sensors
- validation process with improvements (UV-light protection)
-8,0
-7,5
-7,0
-6,5
-6,0
-5,5
-5,0
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88
Messreihe
Temp. °C
SAL 0
SAL 1
SAL 2
SAL 3
SAL 4
SAL 5
SAL 6
SAL 7
SAL 8
DKD 0
DKD 1
DKD 2
DKD 3
DKD 4
DKD 5
DKD 6
DKD 7
DKD 8
8
Abkühlung Transponder 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 201 211 221 231 241 251 261 271 281 291 301 311 321 331 341 351 361 371 381 391 401 411 421 431 441 451
Messwerte vom 07.10.-09.10.06
Tem
p. in
°C
07.10.06 8:34
06.10.06 8:57
RBC in fridge room 24-30 h
Etikettierung Transponder1
5,7
5,9
6,1
6,3
6,5
6,3 6,3
6,5
6,3 6,3 6,3
6,1
6,3 6,3
6,1
5,9 5,9
5,2
5,4
5,6
5,8
6
6,2
6,4
6,6
10:55:1
2
11:05:0
3
11:14:5
3
11:24:4
4
11:34:3
4
11:44:2
4
11:54:1
5
12:04:0
5
12:13:5
6
12:23:4
6
12:33:3
6
12:43:2
7
12:53:1
7
13:03:0
8
13:12:5
8
13:22:4
8
13:32:3
9
Messwerte vom 09.10.06
Temp. in °C
temperature during labeling
9
irradiation
- without problems,
but for some label
types possible
10
- price for every red cell product to expensive (80€ v. 6€)
- new generation with display to show dangerous temperature
deviations possible to use for platelets (250-350€ v. 6€)
- now transport control in boxes (battery capacity for ~1 year)
Routine use
mean air temperature in the box during transportation
16,0
16,5
17,0
17,5
18,0
18,5
19,0
19,5
00
:10
00
:20
00
:30
00
:40
00
:50
01
:00
01
:10
01
:20
01
:30
01
:40
01
:50
02
:00
02
:10
02
:20
02
:30
02
:40
02
:50
03
:00
03
:10
03
:20
03
:30
03
:40
03
:50
04
:00
°C
Donor identification
prototype
„DRK-Donor Card“
Future visions
11
in house organisation
donor identification donation balance
shipment control/ release
Supply chain
passive
semi-active
income control
centrifugation
separation
filtration
product registration
RBC, Plt, plasma
labeling
12
transportRed Cross hospital
Drugs application safety
WLAN
with application helpdesk controlled application
into a box
smaller lost of drugs
(only rescue medication at station)
central pharmacy
13
Only with reorganisation of the entire process it would be
possible to increase patient safety and to find an ROI!
The reorganisation of the health care system started already
and its on ourselves to create the processes not only under
monetary aspects…
Blood is a good single example for all drugs!
RFID as barcode replacement is very expensive!
Conclusions
“Safer blood for Pakistan”
(Febr. 2007)
because it would be possible to do anything cheaper!