ISociety -Mae Hong Son Model Thailand

8/18/2019 ISociety -Mae Hong Son Model Thailand

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iSociety ~ Mae Hong Son Model, Thailand

https://www.facebook.com/ThailandChildWelfare 1

Uneducated and disadvantaged children are neglected problems in which systematic preventions and

solutions are still lacking in Thailand. The Office of National Economic and Social Development Board have

reported that about 1.4 million or 10 percent of children under 18 years old in Thailand are uneducated.

Also, the Office of The Basic Education Commission claimed that there are about 4.7 million students aredisadvantaged children, which is about 33 percent of all students in Thai educational system. Altogether,

uneducated and disadvantaged children are about 6.1 million or 43.57 percent of all Thai children. These

children are frequently limited their chances in good careers and futures, which unfortunately

disadvantage the country’s opportunities in human resource development.

Improving access equity to public services and welfares is the primary method to solve uneducated

and disadvantaged children problem. But nowadays, Thai governmental policies and strategies can’t satisfy

basic needs of underprivileged children properly. This is because the policy makers lack of information

and systematic methods for determining and allocating governmental resources efficiently.

Figure 1 shows a sample case of underprivileged children care, in particular disable children, in

Thailand. We can see that disabled children cares are complicated and involve multiple stakeholders such

as (i) special education center, (ii) hospitals, (iii) departments under the Ministry of Social Development

and Human Security (SDSH), and (iv) local administration office (SAO).

Figure 1: Multi-stakeholders relevant in Disabled Children Cares


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iSociety System

In this research, we focus on the disabled children as a case study for developing a systematic

method and tool to support policy makers in their resource allocation tasks as well as empower service

providers to efficiently and suitably providing cares to underprivileged children in their local communities.

The developed iSociety system has the following objectives.

1. To enable the need assessment of disabled children and improve access equity.

2. To promote Child’s Health, Education and Community Care quality and continuity by enabling

multi-stakeholders collaboration.

3. To promote the sustainability of using the developed iSociety system as a tool for enabling

policy makers to decide policies and strategies for solving underprivileged children problems

appropriately.

Figure 2 shows the information collected within the iSociety system, which consists of the

following data items:

Personal Data includes personal profile, health and social right, and family information

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is used to assess

current health and social status, as well as identify needs of disabled children. Needs are

classified into home improvement needs, health needs (based on Activity of Daily Living:

ADL), education needs, and social participation requirements.

Care plan includes health and social benefits corresponding to the identified needs.

Information exchanged among multi-stakeholders through iSociety system are in the reporting

forms as follows:

Care Agreement: shows health/social status and needs of each individual disabled child and

care plan altogether as care agreement. Case managers use this report to communicate

status and plan with disabled children and their family. Area-based Report: shows the overview of health, social, and education status of disabled

children in the responsible area of a case manager. Case managers use this report to monitor

needs and cares within their responsible area.

Need Report: shows health/social/education status and needs of disabled children within an

area. Case managers use these report to communicate with hospitals/SAO or SDSH/School

respectively.


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Figure 2: Data Collection and Exchanged within iSociety

Case Management Model

To make disabled child care collaboration goes properly, a case management model has been

proposed. As shown in Figure 3, Case manager is the key of the proposed model who coordinate multi-stakeholders, i.e., special education center, hospitals, SDSH, and SAO. A case manager is responsible for

the following tasks:

1. Identify needs of disabled children and recommend relevant benefits.

2. Create care plan and communicate plan with relevant stakeholders.

3. Monitor disabled child care provisions among relevant stakeholders in the local community


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Figure 3: Case Management Model for Disabled Child Care

Mae Hong Son (MHS) Model

Case management model and iSociety system have been used as a tool for managing disabled child

cares and resource allocation in Mae Hong Son province (MHS), Northern Thailand, since 2012. In

particular, we participated with multiple organizations relevant to disabled child cares in 3 districts in

Mae Hong Son province, i.e., Muang Mae Hong Son, Mae Sariang, and Pai. The participants are as follows:

3 Special education centers: (i) Mae Hong Son special education center (ii) Mae Sariang special

education center (iii) Pai special education center

4 Sub-district administrative organizations: (i) Mok Jum Pae Subdistrict administrative

organization (ii) Pang Moo Subdistrict administrative organization (iii) Mae Ho Subdistrict

administrative organization (iv) Baan Kad Subdistrict administrative organization

Mae Sariang Hospital

2 departments under the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security: (i) Mae Hong

Son Provincial department of Social Development and human security, (ii) 43rd department of

social development and human security, Mae Sariang, Mae Hong Son


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Area-based Report

In the MHS model, we asked teachers at the special education centers to act as case managers in

the iSociety system. Case managers in MHS can see area-based reports that show the overall situation of

disabled children in their areas as in Table 1-3. Table 1 shows an overview of disabled children’s need ineach city of Mae Hong Son province.

Table 1: The needs of disabled children in each city of Mae Hong Son province

Area-based Disabled Child Needs

City Population(person)

Insufficient

Income

(person)

Disability

Registration

(person)

Health

Complication

(person)

Assistive

Devices

(person)

Home

Improvement

(person)

Muang Maehongsorn 46 40 17 2 35 16

Khun Yuam 21 20 14 1 16 8Pai 18 12 8 0 12 12

Mae Sareung 29 18 11 2 25 10

Mae La Noi 22 18 8 0 17 13

Sobmey 20 17 13 1 16 8

Pangmapha 36 34 5 1 24 15

Case managers can also create reports comparing services and needs across the years as shown in

Table 2 or generating graph as shown in Figure 4.

Table 2: Basic Disable Child Needs and Received Benefits across the years

Overall Disabled Child Status

Benefits

2014 2015

Received Need Received Need

(person) (person) (person) (person)

Disability Registration 171 29 180 36

Allowance 135 65 152 64Healthcare Insurance 28 172 21 195

Devices 6 194 5 211

Job Training 0 200 0 216

Education 50 150 45 171

Employment 1 199 0 216

Scholarships 19 181 20 196

Etc. 1 199 1 215


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Figure 4: Comparing Basic Needs across between 2014 and 2015

Need Report

Case managers can create specific need reports to communicate with multi-stakeholders relevant

to disabled child care in the area. The social need report , shown in Figure 5, is used to communicate with

staff in SDSH and SAO about social needs of disabled children in the area. By selecting a data item, social

worker can see list of disabled children and their details.

Figure 5: Social Need Report

Benefits Need(person) %

1.1 Bedding 12 6

1.2 Toilet 32 16

1.3 Ramp for wheelchair 19 9.5

1.4 Roost 12 6

1.5 Surrounding area 63 31.5

1.6 Entrance to the house 6 3

1.7 The height of the door handle 2 1

1.8 Staircase 4 2

1.9 Others 6 3 Home Improvement Obstacle person

Rental house 4

2.1 Catheter or diaper 24 12 Don't know how to improve 36

2.2 Implanted Arm/Leg 1 0.5 No money 71

2.3 Adapted shoes 5 2.5

2.4 Seeing Aid 9 4.5

2.5 Hearing aid 2 1

2.6 Movement Assistive Devices 52 26

2.7 Equipment to develop large muscles 51 25.5

2.8 Others 2 1

3. Personal Assistance 23 11.5

SAO Report

1.Home Improvement

2. Assistive Devices


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Table 3 shows health status of disabled children in Mae Hong Son province. We use the Activity

of Daily Living (ADL) to assess dependent status of disabled children in our study.

Table 3: ADL status of disabled children in Mae Hong Son

Activity of Daily LivingDependent Need Help Independent

(person) (person) (person)

Toileting 65 49 81

Bathing 50 45 101

Dressing 51 44 99

Eating 75 33 85

Transferring 67 49 80

Figure 6 shows an education need report which compares needs between year 2014 and 2015 in thefollowing items: (i) education assistive devices/technology, (ii) school environment improvement, (iii)

personal travel assistance, (iv) transportation, and (v) others.

Figure 6: Education Need Report


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Care Agreement

Case managers can also create a care agreement which contains health/social/education status and

needs of each individual disabled child. Care agreement also contains care plan, i.e., a list of benefits

suitable for each individual. This care agreement can be used to communicate with disabled child and

his/her family as well as can be used in care conference among multi-stakeholder providing care to such

individual. Figure 7 shows ICF progress of each individual child in Mae Hong Son model.

Figure 7: ICF Progress


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Care agreement also includes a care plan which identifies benefits that each relevant stakeholder

should provide to each individual child as shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Individual Care Plan

Stakeholder Benefit/Activity

Healthcare

• Hearing aids

• Conduct daily routine care (ADL Help) • Walking stick

• Transfer service to hospital

SAO

• Toilet

• Ramp for wheelchair

• House (Domestic Help), such as cleaning, cooking

Education

• Attended special education

• Transfer service to school.

• Products and technology for use in the study

iSociety on the Web

iSociety has been developed as a web-based application that supports daily tasks of care providers.

Figure 8 shows an example of the iSociety interface, called Timeline, in which every event happened to

each disabled child. This enables care managers and relevant stakeholders to monitor all assessments and

service provisions each disabled child has been received from past to present.

Figure 8: Individual’s Timeline


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Figure 9 shows the graphical user interface of iSociety for creating care plan for each disabled child. In

this interface, case manager can see (i) health assessment result, (ii) social need assessment result, (iii)

setting short-term and long-term goals of child cares, and (iv) selecting health/social/education

benefits suitable for disabled child.

Figure 9: Care Planning

About iSociety

For more information about the iSociety system, you can visit our Facebook page at

https://www.facebook.com/ThailandChildWelfare/. You can also visit our YouTube channel at

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCROvx9x6fYplRMYHUUpfd2Q/playlists.

Health

Assessment Result

Social Need

Assessment Result

Goal Setting

Benefit Planning
https://www.facebook.com/ThailandChildWelfare/https://www.facebook.com/ThailandChildWelfare/https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCROvx9x6fYplRMYHUUpfd2Q/playlistshttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCROvx9x6fYplRMYHUUpfd2Q/playlistshttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCROvx9x6fYplRMYHUUpfd2Q/playlistshttps://www.facebook.com/ThailandChildWelfare/

Documents

ISociety -Mae Hong Son Model Thailand