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IsoMemo: a partnership-based initiative for Big
isotope Data
KEYSOM meeting – Bucharest (27th - 29th September 2017)
Ricardo Fernandes a,b, Yiming Wangc
a Max Planck Institute for the Sience of Human History, Jena, Germanya McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, U.K.c Leibniz-Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Isotope Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Isotopic data applications
Strying et al 2017
Isotopic data applications
Wallace et al 2015
Diet reconstruction and stable isotopes
δ13C (‰ VPDB)
δ1
5N
(‰
AIR
)
-26 -24 -22 -18-20 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8
2
8
4
6
10
12
14
16
18
20
Marine
Terrestrial
Freshwater
Typical range in isotopic values within a temperate European context (C4 plants not included).
• Food groups (freshwater, terrestrial, marine) show differences in isotopic signatures
• Isotopic values in human tissues (e.g. collagen) show an offset towards diet
• Past diets can be assessed by comparison of human isotopic values with
reference isotopic ranges
Call for repositories of isotopic data
IsoMemo a partnership based model
IsoMemo a partnership based model
Who we are
14SEA, ArtEmpire, AustArch, CARD, CRC 806 - D4, Edaphobase, Iber-Crono,
INTIMATE, IRPA/KIK, IsoArcH, LiVES, OASIS and δIANA, ORAU, RPED,
PRIMDAT/HOMDAT, Radon & Radon-B, NZRD , SWVID
A distributive partnership
model
Twenty one database partnerships
We also have 71 active collaborators on IsoMemo.com Google Discussion Group
and participate across disciplinary studies
Partnership has been established with Edaphobase
Partnership has been established with PRIMDAT/HOMDAT
Partnership has been established with SWVID
The history of IsoMemo.com02/06/2017 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the SWVID database.
23/05/2017 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the IRPA/KIK database.
17/05/2017 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the NZRD database.
19/01/2017 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the INTIMATE database.
09/11/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the 14SEA database.
03/11/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the AustArch database.
03/11/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the CARD database.
20/10/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the Radon and Radon-B databases.
30/09/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe
Database.
03/06/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and Iber-Crono.
28/04/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and IsoArcH.
20/04/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the project LiVES.
18/04/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and the project ArtEmpire.
15/04/2016 A parternship was established between IsoMemo and OASIS and δIANA.
16-19/03/2016 A working group was established to collect archaeological isotope data from ancient
Mediterranean sites during the 12th Roman Archaeology Conference (Rome, Italy).
28/02/2016 The IsoMemo.com website was launched.
29/01/2016 Design of first IsoMemo.com tables completed.
17-18/12/2015 Discussion of possible collaborations during the Workshop ”Solving mixing problems using
the Bayesian model FRUITS - dietary and non-dietary applications - I” (Cambridge, UK).
11/12/2015 Funding released by the Graduate School “Human Development in Landscapes” and the
University of Kiel to support the implementation of the database and website.
2-5/09/2015 The release date for IsoMemo.com was first announced (mid-2016) during the European
Association of Archaeologists 21st Annual Meeting (Glasgow, UK).
8-11/03/2015 Discussion on the structure of isotope database and potential collaborations during the UK
Archaeological Sciences Conference (Durham, UK).
24-26/09/2014 Plan to create an isotope database was announced during the "Radiocarbon and
diet: aquatic food resources and reservoir effects" conference (Kiel, Germany).
IsoMemo a partnership model
20 different research institutions
IsoMemo goals
• Establishing common data standards (e.g. lab and measurement ID)
• Certification
• Creating interdisciplinary projects
• Sharing data and knowhow on database design
• Building tools for data access
• Coordination among partners
Funding
• No charge for data submission
• Project based funding
• Two year funding provided by several institutions:
Graduate School “Human development in landscapes” (University of Kiel)
University of Kiel
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research (University of Cambridge)
Curt-Engelhorn-Centre Archaeometry GmbH
Cluster of Excellence “The Future Ocean”
• Long-term funding from Max Planck
Authorship recognition
• Fields included in tables that clearly identify authorship (e.g.
citation, website link, DOI)
• Mandatory citation of individual studies
• Citation also of compilation studies
Data quality
Intrinsic aspects of the data itself
• Quality criteria as fields (e.g. uncertainty of measurements, C/N, S.F.)
• Bad or good data depends on the question
Reliability of submitted data (e.g. accuracy of submitted data, duplication)
• Data submitter identified
• Community-based supervision
• Table supervisors
• Simple and transparent communication
IsoMemo: applications
• Establishing local food isotopic baselines necessary for diet reconstruction.
• Building climatic histories.
• Mapping variability of human dietary radiocarbon reservoir effects.
• Studying the temporal and spatial variability of plant and animal isotopic values and
potential relationships with anthropogenic impacts (e.g. farming) or climate.
• Mapping Isoscapes necessary for human mobility studies.
• Storing data from feeding experiments necessary to “calibrate”
diet reconstruction models.
• Reconstructing ecological foodwebs.
IsoMemo applications: the example of IsoArcH
IsoMemo applications: the example of IsoArcH
IsoMemo applications: diet reconstruction using Bayesian
mixing model FRUITS
Diet of the Neolithic population at Ostorf (Germany)• Middle Neolithic (Funnel Beaker) cemetery
• Three food groups (plants, terrestrial animals, freshwater
fish)
• Four dietary proxies (δ15Ncollagen, δ13Ccollagen, δ34Scollagen,
δ13Cbioapatite)
• Physiological prior on protein
Calorie intake:
ca. 60% plants
ca. 25% terrestrial animals
ca. 15% fish
Protein intake:
ca. 30% plants
ca. 25% terrestrial animals
ca. 45% fish
Macronutrient intake:
ca. 25% protein
FRUITS estimates
Cultural resistance at Ostorf?
Individual FRUITS estimates for Ostorf
?
4000420044004600480050005200
Animal (Olsen et al. 2010)
Animal (This study)
Human (This study)
Ostorf: radiocarbon results
1904-01
1961-01
1904-02
1935-03
1935-04
1961-04
1961-05
1961-07
1961-08
1961-09
Grave code
Olsen et al. (2010): Animals measured at Århus lab
Olsen et al. (2010): Humans measured at Utrecht lab
Radiocarbon age (yr BP)
Radiocarbon reservoir effects at lakes Schwerin and Ostorf
Lab code Species Reservoir
age (yr)
KIA-46311*
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 1440
KIA-48717**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 1345
KIA-48718**
Unidentified bivalve
species ca. 1405
KIA-49516**
Unidentified bivalve
species ca. 1335
KIA-49912**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 1555
KIA-49921**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 1440
KIA-49922**
Unidentified bivalve
species ca. 1450
Lab code Species Reservoir age (yr)
KIA-46304* Pike (Esox lucius) ca. 590
KIA-46305* Bream (Abramis brama) ca. 510
KIA-46306* Eel (Anguilla anguilla) ca. 580
KIA-46307* Eel (Anguilla anguilla) ca. 945
KIA-46310*
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 550
KIA-48715**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 500
KIA-49512**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 550
KIA-49919**
Zebra mussel (Dreissena
polymorpha) ca. 560
RRE ~ 1450 yr RRE ~ 550 yr
Variability in freshwater RREs (Lake Schwerin)
• Grazing food chain with radiocarbon ages similar to that of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) (240 yr BP)
• Detritus food chain with radiocarbon age similar to that of particulate organic carbon (POC) (620 yr BP)
RRE Ostorf (~1450 yr)
RRE Schwerin (~550 yr)
estimated
observed
Radiocarbon as a food provenance proxy
Outsider?
X
Possible interdisciplinary projects
Possible interdisciplinary projects
COST action being planned for 2018
