-
Isotopes inEnvironmental Studies
Aquatic Forum 2004
U N E D I T E D P A P E R S
Proceedings of an international conferenceheld in Monaco, 2529
October 2004
organized bythe International Atomic Energy Agency
and co-sponsored by theAbdus Salam International Centre for
Theoretical Physics,
International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO,Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the
Commission Internationale pour lExploration Scientifiquede la
Mer Mditerrane
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Isotopes inEnvironmental Studies
Aquatic Forum 2004
U N E D I T E D P A P E R S
Proceedings of an international conferenceheld in Monaco, 2529
October 2004
organized bythe International Atomic Energy Agency
and co-sponsored by theAbdus Salam International Centre for
Theoretical Physics,
International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO,Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the
Commission Internationale pour lExploration Scientifiquede la
Mer Mditerrane
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The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was:
IAEA Marine Environment Laboratory, Monaco International Atomic
Energy Agency
4, Quai Antoine 1er MC 98000 Monaco
ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES IAEA, VIENNA, 2006
IAEA-CSP-26 ISBN 920111305X
ISSN 15624153 IAEA, 2006
Printed by the IAEA in Austria February 2006
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FOREWORD
A better understanding of key processes in the aquatic
environment, responsible for its future development and its
protection, were at the forefront of the IAEAs International
Conference on Isotopes in Environmental Studies AQUATIC FORUM 2004
convened in Monaco from 25 to 29 October 2004, which was the most
important gathering of the year of isotope environmental
scientists. The conference was organised by the IAEAs Marine
Environment Laboratory in cooperation with the Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, the International
Hydrological Programme (IHP) of UNESCO, the Commission
Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer
Mediterrane (CIESM), and the Abdus Salam International Centre for
Theoretical Physics (ICTP). The conference was hosted by the
Principality of Monaco. Over 320 experts from 60 IAEA Member States
and 6 international organizations delivered 185 oral presentations
in 6 plenary and 31 parallel sessions and made 130 poster
presentations.
Members of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Conference
were: R.F.C. Mantoura, IAEA-MEL, Monaco; P.K. Aggarwal, IAEA,
Vienna; A. Aureli, IHP, Paris; M. Boisson, CSM, Monaco; F. Briand,
CIESM, Monaco; K.R. Sreenivasan, ICTP, Trieste; U. Unluata, IOC,
Paris. The Scientific Secretary of the Conference was P.P.
Povinec.
The conference reviewed the present state of the art isotopic
methods for investigation of the aquatic environment. The main
conference subjects considered were: (i) behaviour, transport and
distribution of isotopes in the aquatic environment; (ii) climate
change studies using isotopic records in the marine environment;
(iii) groundwater dynamics, modelling and management of freshwater
sources; (iv) important global projects, such as WOCE, WOMARS,
SHOTS, GEOTRACES;(v) joint IAEA-UNESCO submarine groundwater
investigations in the MediterraneanSea, the Southwest Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans; (vi) new trends in radioecological
investigations,concentrating on the protection of marine biota
against radioactive contamination; (vii) transfersin analytical
technologies from bulk analyses to particle and compound specific
analyses ofenvironmental samples; (viii) development of new
isotopic techniques, such as AMS and ICPMS, and their successful
applications in environmental studies; and many other exciting
topics which were presented and discussed during the
Conference.
Four workshops were held simultaneously: ATOMS-Med Workshop -
development of a project proposal for oceanographic investigations
in the Eastern Mediterranean.
El Nio - Research Co-ordination Meeting of the new IAEA
Coordinated Research Project investigating climate change using
isotopic records in the marine environment.
CELLAR Workshop - Collaboration of European Low-Level
Underground Laboratories.
GSI Workshop on Groundwater- Seawater Interactions in coastal
zones, organized in cooperation with the IAPSO Commission on
Groundwater-Seawater Interactions.
These proceedings contain papers presented during the conference
in oral and poster sessions. Several papers presented orally during
the conference have been submitted by the authors for publication
in a special issue of the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
book series, published by Elsevier. It is hoped that these
publications will contribute to the research in isotopes in
environmental studies, which will make the use of isotopes more
widespread, and will further stimulate work in thisexciting
field.
The IAEA officers responsible for this publication were P.P.
Povinec and J.A. Sanchez-Cabeza of the IAEA Marine Environment
Laboratory.
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CONTENTS
OPENING STATEMENT
............................................................................................................
1S.A.S. le Prince Souverain de Monaco Albert II
OPENING STATEMENT
............................................................................................................
2Werner Burkart
OPENING STATEMENT
............................................................................................................
4R.F.C. Mantoura
CLIMATE CHANGE Interannual to decadal climate variability in the
Pacific and Indian Oceans revealed by isotopic
studies of corals (IAEA-CN-118/3)
......................................................................................................9
Dunbar, R., D. Fleitmann, D. Mucciarone Use of coral skeleton as
environmental archives: the biological basis
(IAEA-CN-118/40)..........................11
Allemand, D., C. Ferrier-Pags, P. Furla, S. Puverel, S. Reynaud,
. Tambutt, S. Tambutt, D. Zoccola
Radiocarbon in corals: a tracer of past changes in the carbon
cycle and climate (IAEA-CN-118/42) ..........12
Druffel, E.R.M. Holocene climate variability along the Antarctic
Peninsula and linkage with a terrestrial paleoclimate
record from South America (IAEA-CN-118/17)
.................................................................................13
Dunbar, R., A. Ravelo, A. Leventer, E. Domack High-resolution
bomb pulse radiocarbon records from corals, spanning the Central
and Southeastern
Pacific Ocean (IAEA-CN-118/18)
.......................................................................................................15
Warren Beck, J., T. Correge, G. Burr Glacial climate transitions
in the Southern Hemisphere - new insights from cosmogenic 10Be in
rocks
and 14C in tree-rings (IAEA-CN-118/19)
............................................................................................16
Fink, D. Century-to-decade scale modulation of ENSO recorded by
postglacial laminated sediments from
the Peru continental margin (IAEA-CN-118/20)
................................................................................17
Skilbeck, G., M. Gagan, I. Goodwin, M. Watson, D. Fink Invasion
of anthropogenic CO2 recorded in stable isotopes of planktonic
foraminifera from the
northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea (IAEA-CN-118/21)
........................................................................19
Al-Rousan, S., J. Ptzold, S. Al-Moghrabi, G. Wefer Effect of
pCO2 and temperature on the boron isotopic composition of the
zooxanthellate coral
Acropora sp. (IAEA-CN-118/23) .
......................................................................................................21
Reynaud, S., N. Hemming, A. Juillet-Lecrlerc, P. Gattuso
Predictability of paleogene climate and primary productivity of
the Eastern Central Atlantic
(IAEA-CN-118/25)
.............................................................................................................................23
Arkaah, A.B., M. Kaminski, N. Ogle, L. Apaalse, D. Atta-Petters,
G. Wiafe, A.K. Armah Isotopic composition of perennial cave ice as
a proxy for palaeoclimate: the Focul Viu ice cave,
Bihor Mts., Romania
(IAEA-CN-118/27)............................................................................................25
Frizs, I., Z. Kern, B. Nagy, Zs. Sznt, L. Palcsu
CLIMATE CHANGE - POSTERS Climate changes in the eastern
Equatorial Pacific: results from multiproxy study of IMAGES
core MD02-2529
(IAEA-CN-118/151P)..............................................................................................29
Ivanova, E.V., L. Vidal, L. Beaufort, G. Leduc
-
Reconstructing sedimentation history from radionuclides (210Pb,
137Cs, 241Am) and the recognition
of geodynamic events in Lakes Puyehue and Icalma (Chilean Lake
District,
Northern Patagonia) (IAEA-CN-118/70P)
..........................................................................................31
Magand, O., F. Arnaud, E. Chapron, M.-A. Mlires, X. Bos
OCEANS AND SEASBomb-radiocarbon: distribution, inventory, and
change (IAEA-CN-118/120)
............................................35
Key, R.M. Distribution of tritium (3H) in the Southern Ocean:
Implications for formation rates, circulation
patterns and mean residences of major water masses
(IAEA-CN-118/121) .......................................37
Schlosser, P., B. Newton, A. Spieler Average 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs and
239,240Pu concentrations in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean
-
WOMARS collaboration (IAEA-CN-118/148)
..................................................................................38
Povinec, P.P., A. Aarkrog, K.O. Buesseler, R. Delfanti, K.
Hirose, G.H. Hong, T. Ito, H.D. Livingston, H. Nies, V.E. Noshkin,
S. Shima, O. Togawa
Radionuclides as tracers of water masses in the Southern Ocean
ANTARES IV results
(IAEA-CN-118/145)
...........................................................................................................................43
Lee, S-H., P.P. Povinec, J. Gastaud, B. Oregioni, L. Coppola, C.
Jeandel, U. Morgenstern, Z. Top
Temporal variation of 137Cs distribution and inventory along
165E in the North Pacific from the
1960s to the present (IAEA-CN-118/141)
...........................................................................................47
Aoyama, M., K. Hirose, K. Komura, K. Nemoto Dissolved N2O in
Southern Ocean fronts at 140E; production, consumption and
budget
(IAEA-CN-118/147)
............................................................................................................................49
Boontanon, N., S. Watanabe, N. YoshidaDynamics of a late spring
phytoplankton bloom in the eastern Weddell Sea: short-timescale
changes in 234Th/238U disequilibrium (IAEA-CN-118/146)
.................................................................54
Rodriguez y Baena, A.M., J.C. Miquel, P. Masqu, J. La Rosa, E.
Isla, T. Brey, J.A. Sanchez-Cabeza, S.W. Fowler
OCEANS AND SEAS - POSTERS GEOTRACES : An international program
to study the global marine biogeochemistry of trace
elements and isotopes (IAEA-CN-118/1P)
..........................................................................................59
Jeandel, C., R.F. Anderson, G. Henderson, R. Francois, M. Frank
Cadmium isotopic composition in the ocean (IAEA-CN-118/2P)
................................................................61
Lacan, F., R. Francois, M. Bothner, J. Crusius, C. Jeandel Coral
skeletons as proxy records: assessment of carbon isotopes in
laboratory cultured corals and
coral heads from French Polynesia
(IAEA-CN-118/3P)......................................................................62
Liong Wee Kwong, L., C. Ferrier-Pages, A.J.T. Jull, P. Povinec
137Cs exchange processes in the Azov Sea (IAEA-CN-118/4P)
...................................................................64
Matishov, D.G., G.G. Matishov, N.E. Kasatkina Distributions of
long-lived anthropogenic radionuclides (14C, 129I, and 239+240Pu)
in coastal water
columns off Sanriku, Japan (IAEA-CN-118/5P)
.................................................................................66
Shima, S., S. Gasa, K. Iseda, M. Kamamoto, H. Kofuji, T.
Nakayama, K. Nishizawa, S. Mori, H. Kawamura
The Marine Information System (MARIS) (IAEA-CN-118/6P)
..................................................................68
Povinec, P.P., P. Scotto, I. Osvath, H. Ramadan
MEDITERRANEAN SEA The Nile and the Levantine pump
(IAEA-CN-118/183)
...............................................................................73
Halim, Y.
-
The first decade of the big transient in the Eastern
Mediterranean deep waters (IAEA-CN-118/184) ........83
Roether, W., B. Klein, B.B. Manca Re-distribution of 137Cs
Chernobyl signal in the Aegean Sea (IAEA-CN-118/5)
........................................89
Delfanti, R., C. Tsabaris, C. Papucci, H. Kaberi, R. Lorenzelli,
V. Zervakis, M. Tangherlini, D. Georgopolous
13C/12C isotope ratio and chemical composition of the organic
matter forming mucilaginous
aggregates in the Northern Adriatic Sea (IAEA-CN-118/8)
...............................................................93
Giani, M., V. Zangrando, D. Berto Carbon export assessed by
sediment traps and 234Th:238U disequilibrium during the spring
summer
transition in the open NW Mediterranean (IAEA-CN-118/4)
............................................................97
Miquel, J-C., B. Gasser, A. Rodriguez y Baena, S.W. Fowler, J.K.
Cochran The benthic boundary layer: radioactivity and oceanographic
data from the GEOSTAR-2
Observatory (IAEA-CN-118/7)
...........................................................................................................99
Plastino, W., M. Laubenstein, G. Etiope, P. Favali Black Sea
radioactivity assessment and tracer studies: a Regional Technical
Co-operation
Programme
(IAEA-CN-118/14).........................................................................................................101
Osvath, I., M. Samiei, A. Chupov, V. Egorov, G. Goktepe, A.
Nikitin, S. Pagava, N. Paning, Gy. Ruzsa, K. Shimkus, B. Veleva1,
O. Voitsekhovitch
ISOTOPIC STUDIES Reading the isotope language (IAEA-CN-118/1)
.......................................................................................107
Kutschera, W. 15N and unravelling the marine nitrogen cycle
(IAEA-CN-118/2)
.............................................................108
Owens, N.J.P. Using stable isotopes (C, N) to constrain organics
in sub-basement fossil soils (Ocean Drilling
Program-Leg 197; N. Pacific): a possible example of isolated
atmosphere-land-ocean
systems
(IAEA-CN-118/138).............................................................................................................110
Bonaccorsi, R. Hydrodynamic sorting of Washington margin
sediments using SPLITT fractionation
(IAEA-CN-118/139)
..........................................................................................................................112
Coppola, L., . Gustafsson, P. Andersson, M. Uchida, T.I.
Eglinton
ISOTOPIC STUDIES POSTERS Sources of fine organic matter on the
Southwestern Iberian continental shelf (IAEA-CN-118/43P)
........117
Burdloff, D., M.F. Araujo, J.M. Jouanneau Seasonal change of CO2
recycling rate by understory vegetation in a cool-temperate forest
in
Japan (IAEA-CN-118/47P)
................................................................................................................121
Kondo, M., M. Uchida, H. Muraoka, H. Koizumi Photo- and
chemico-synthetic organic carbon production and its fate in the
Black Sea: use of
isotopic techniques and tracing (IAEA-CN-118/48P)
.......................................................................123
Yilmaz, A., Y. Coban-Yildaz
ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY Advances in isotope hydrology at the IAEA
(IAEA-CN-118/66)
...............................................................127
Aggarwal, P. Opportunities and challenges in research on
ground-water modeling
(IAEA-CN-118/67).........................128
Schwartz, F.W. Tracing sources of organic matter and nitrate in
the San Francisco Bay-Delta-River ecosystem
using isotopic techniques (IAEA-CN-118/68)
..................................................................................129
Kendall, C., S.R. Silva, B.E. Bemis, D.H. Doctor, S.D.
Wankel
-
Use of tritium time series to estimate physical parameters of
hydrologic systems (IAEA-CN-118/69) ....130
Michel, R.L. Line-conditioned excess: a new method for
characterizing stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope
ratios in hydrologic systems (IAEA-CN-118/56)
.............................................................................131
Landwehr, J.M., T.B. Coplen Environmental tracers in groundwater
of the North China Plain (IAEA-CN-118/73)
...............................136
Kreuzer, A.M., C. Zongyu, R. Kipfer, W. Aesbach-Hertig The
relationship between the isotopic composition of lake and inflow
waters and the limnology of
a small carbonate lake in NW England (IAEA-CN-118/76)
.............................................................140
Fisher, E.H., S.F. Crowley, S. Barnes, K. Kiriakoulakis, J.D.
Marshall Stable water isotopes: revolutionary tools for global
water cycle disturbance diagnosis
(IAEA-CN-118/55)
...........................................................................................................................144
Henderson-Sellers, A., P. Airey, D. Stone, K. McGuffie, A.
Williams Delineating sources of sulfate and nitrate in rivers and
streams by combining hydrological, chemical
and isotopic techniques
(IAEA-CN-118/57)......................................................................................148
Mayer, B., L. Rock, L. Hogberg, L. Jackson, M. Varner, J.B.
Shanley, S.W. Bailey, M.J. Mitchell
Isotope tracing of throughflow, residency and runoff to lakes
for regional assessment of critical
acid loadings to aquatic ecosystems (IAEA-CN-118/71)
.................................................................150
Gibson, J.J., K. Bennett Isotopic studies of environmental
changes in the basins of the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/74)
...........................................................................................................................152
Ferronsky, V.I., V.A. Polyakov, K. Froehlich, P.N. Kuprin, V.S.
Brezgunov, L.S. Vlasova, Y.A. Karpychev
A geochemical and isotope hydrological study of eutrophication
processes in the Plitvice Lakes,
Croatia (IAEA-CN-118/75)
..............................................................................................................158
Horvatin i , N., B. Obeli , J. Barei , R. ali , S. Babinka, A.
Suckow, I. Krajcar BroniDetermination of old and fresh water mixing
in a Hungarian karstic aquifer using isotope methods
(IAEA-CN-118/77)
...........................................................................................................................160
Molnr, M., L. Palcsu, . Svingor, Z. Sznt, I. Fut, L. Rinyu
Estimation of groundwater recharge and vulnerability by tritium
data in Hungary
(IAEA-CN-118/78)
...........................................................................................................................162
Deak, J. Evolution of groundwater in a carbonate-bearing
glacigenic aquifer, SW Finland: hydrochemical
and isotopic evidence (IAEA-CN-118/79)
........................................................................................164
Kortelainen, N.K., J.A. Karhu, H. Lallukka, K. Lindqvist Tracing
water-rock interactions: application to CO2-rich and thermal
mineral waters of the Forez
graben, eastern French Massif Central (IAEA-CN-118/80)
.............................................................166
Gal, F., C.Y.J. Renac, D. Tisserand Are oxygen isotopes of
sulfate a useful tool for the quantification of sulfate reduction
in a BTEX
contaminated aquifer? (IAEA-CN-118/81)
.......................................................................................168
K. Knoeller, C. Vogt, S. Weise Stable isotope compositions of
sedimentary organic carbon and nitrogen recovered from East
African crater lake (IAEA-CN-118/82)
............................................................................................170
A.N.N. Muzuka Environmental isotopes and hydrochemistry approach
to evaluate the source of recharge and
pollution load in Manzala and Bardawil Lakes, Egypt
(IAEA-CN-118/85) .....................................172
Aly, A.I.M., M.A. Hamed, S.G. Abd El-Samie, E.A. Eweida Myall
Lakes isotope dating of short term environmental changes in a
coastal lake system
anthropogenic pressures causing blue-green algae outbreaks in a
national park
(IAEA-CN-118/86)
...........................................................................................................................174
Flett, I., H. Heijnis, K. Harle, G. Skilbeck
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ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY POSTERS Temporal analysis of stable water
isotopic characteristics in the Murray Darling Basin
(IAEA-CN-118/44P)
..........................................................................................................................177
Henderson-Sellers, A., P. Airey, D. Stone, K. McGuffie
Application of stable isotope tracers to evaluate the hydrodynamic
mechanisms of heavy metal
mobilization in copper ore tailings (IAEA-CN-118/46P)
..................................................................179
Knoeller, K., M. Schubert 210Po in meteoric and surface waters
at Corumbata River Basin, So Paulo State, Brazil
(IAEA-CN-118/93P)
..........................................................................................................................181
Bonotto, D.M., J.L.N. De Lima Residence times for surface waters
in altered granite area : example of the Furan water catchment,
east French Massif Central (IAEA-CN-118/95P)
.............................................................................183
Gal, F., C.Y.J. Renac, D. Tisserand Integrated forecast system
atmospheric hydrologic - hydraulic for the Urubamba River Basin
(IAEA-CN-118/98P)
..........................................................................................................................185
Metzger, L., M. Carrillo, A. Diaz, J. Coronado, G. Fano Magmatic
origin of CO2 in the Surdulica Geothermal System
(IAEA-CN-118/99P)..................................187
Miljevic, N., D. Golobocanin, A. Zujic An oxygen isotope study
in a lake-river system in Southern Finland (IAEA-CN-118/101P)
.....................189
Sonninen, I., E. Huitu, S. Mkel, L. Arvola Application of
environmental isotopes of hydrogen (3H), carbon (13C & 14C) and
oxygen (16O/18O)
in studies of groundwater-streamflow interactions
(IAEA-CN-118/146P) .......................................190
Stone, G., G. Jacobsen, C. Hughes, R. Szymczak
GROUNDWATER-SEAWATER INTERACTIONSMeasurement and potential
importance of submarine groundwater discharge (IAEA-CN-118/119)
.........195
W.C. Burnett Assessment of groundwater-seawater interactions in
the Aral Sea basin (IAEA-CN-118/131) .................196
Kontar, E.A., A.T. Salokhiddinov, Z.M. Khakimov Biogeochemical
consequences of submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal
ocean
(IAEA-CN-118/133)
.........................................................................................................................202
Kim, G., D.-W. Hwang, Y.-W. Lee, K.S. Park Contribution of
environmental isotopes in the identification of groundwater
salinization mechanisms
in the Lower Tagus - Lower Sado Basin Portugal (IAEA-CN-118/132)
.......................................203
Carreira, P.M., P.A. Galego Fernandes, D. Nunes, M.F. Araujo,
M.O. Silva Salt water intrusion in the aquifers in the south
oriental coastal zones of Sicily (IAEA-CN-118/124) ......208
Aureli, A., D. Fidelibus, A.M.G. Privitera, G.M. Zuppi
Environmental isotope investigation of submarine groundwater
discharge in Sicily, Italy
(IAEA-CN-118/123)
.........................................................................................................................212
Aggarwal, P.K., K.M. Kulkarni, P.P. Povinec, L-F. Han, M.
Groening Radium isotopic tracers of submarine groundwater discharge
into the Venice Lagoon
(IAEA-CN-118/127)
.........................................................................................................................214
Garcia-Solsona, E., P. Masqu, J. Rapaglia, H. Bokuniewicz, L.
Zaggia, F. Collavini, J.K. Cochran, J.M. Zuppi, J.A.
Sanchez-Cabeza, A. Beck
Hydrochemistry and isotopic characteristics of the submarine
springs of south-eastern Sicily
(IAEA-CN-118/125)
.........................................................................................................................216
Aureli, A., G. Barrocu, G. Cusimano, D. Fidelibus, L. Gatto, S.
Hauser, M.A. Schiavo, L. Tulipano, G.M. Zuppi
Groundwater inputs via 222Rn and Ra isotopes off Ubatuba, Brazil
(IAEA-CN-118/129) ..........................219
Burnett, W.C., R. Peterson, H. Dulaiova
-
Submarine groundwater discharge into the Yellow Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/134)
...........................................221
Ryu, J.W., G. Kim Radium constraints on groundwaters and coastal
waters dynamics in the Rhone Delta, France
(IAEA-CN-118/135)
.........................................................................................................................222
Ollivier, P., C. Claude, O. Radakovitch, B. Hamelin
RADIOECOLOGYRecent trends in marine radioecology
(IAEA-CN-118/162)
......................................................................227
Kershaw, P.J., K.S. Leonard, J.N. Aldridge, G.J. Hunt Long-term
behaviour of 137Cs in Finnish lakes (IAEA-CN-118/32)
..........................................................229
Saxn, R. The EPIC exposure assessment methodology a case study
for Arctic marine systems
(IAEA-CN-118/36)
...........................................................................................................................233
Thrring, H., J.E. Brown, M. Iosjpe, A. Hosseini Transfer of
Chernobyl radionuclides in the aquatic systems
(IAEA-CN-118/33).......................................237
Zhukova, O., M. Germenchuk, N. Shiryaeva, V. Drozdovich
Theoretical dose reconstruction along life-cycle for plaices
(Pleuronectes platessa) living in the
Northern Cotentin waters after 1966 (IAEA-CN-118/37)
................................................................243
Beaugelin Seiller, K., B. Fievet, J. Garnier-Laplace Data
synthesis for terrestrial gamma radiation level measured on the
Japanese Islands and their
adjacent ocean floor (IAEA-CN-118/39)
..........................................................................................248
Furukawa, M. Post depositional reactivity of the plutonium in
marine sediments: new evidence from solid
partitioning (IAEA-CN-118/29)
........................................................................................................252
Gouzy, A., D. Boust, O. Connan, G. Billon, M. Agarande, L.
Leon-Vintro, P.J. Kershaw The extreme Rhone River flood of December
2003 (South East France) consequences on the
translocation of artificial radioactive contaminants onto the
flooded areas
(IAEA-CN-118/163)
..........................................................................................................................254
Eyrolle, F., C. Duffa, B. Rolland, C. Antonelli Removal of
sedimentary stocks and associated radioactivity in the lower Rhne
River (South Eastern
France) (IAEA-CN-118/164)
............................................................................................................256
Rolland, B., F. Eyrolle, D. Bourls
RADIOECOLOGY POSTERS
Study of exposure to radiation in a lost wax foundry
(IAEA-CN-118/8P)..................................................261
Legarda, F., N. Alegra, M. Herranz, R. Idoeta Artificial
Radionuclides in Black Sea Sediments
(IAEA-CN-118/9P)........................................................263
Aliev, R., St. Kalmykov, Yu. Sapozhnikov Off-site environmental
monitoring for radiological safety
(IAEA-CN-118/11P)........................................265
elebi, N., G. Karahan, C. zag, B. Ataksor, E. Gngr, M. Ta delen,
M. Koak Environmental monitoring of - and - emitters in areas near
Tomsk City (Siberia, Russia)
(IAEA-CN-118/12P)
..........................................................................................................................266
Choura, L., G. Ardisson, V. Karataev, G. Barci-Funel, H. Michel,
V. Barci Transport of radionuclides in and to Norwegian waters 10
years of monitoring of the marine
environment (IAEA-CN-118/14P)
....................................................................................................264
Svaeren, I., H.E. Heldal, P. Alvestad, L. Fyn Management of GIS
Database and multipurpose customization of computerized models of
the
contaminated aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems
(IAEA-CN-118/16P)
.............................................270
Gheorghiu, D., R. Margineanu, D. Slavnicu The prognosis of
radioactive contamination of an environment of Belarus after
catastrophe on
Chernobyl NPP (IAEA-CN-118/17P)
...............................................................................................272
Germenchuk, M., E. Shagalova, O. Zhukova
-
The annual variation of 238U concentration and 234U/238U,
235U/238U ratios in Greek rivers
(IAEA-CN-118/20P)
.........................................................................................................................275
Kehagia, K., S. Bratakos, V. Koukouliou, C. Potiriadis Field
study of sedimentation and radionuclide pollution of the Black Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/21P) ..............277
Yesin, N.V., R.D. Kos'yan Plutonium in components of the Techa
Ob river ecosystem (IAEA-CN-118/22P)
.................................279
Kryshev, I.I., A.I. Kryshev Mass accumulation rates and fallout
radionuclides 210Pb, 137Cs and 241Am inventories determined
in radiometrically dated abyssal sediments of the Black Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/23P) ..........................281
Laptyev, G.V., O.V. Voitsekhovitch, A.B. Kostezh, I. Osvath
Multivariate statistics in the identification of unknown nuclear
material (IAEA-CN-118/27P) .................283
Nicolaou, G., N.F. Tsagas Radioactivity control of the Danube
ecosystem (IAEA-CN-118/28P)
........................................................285
Pantelic, G., I. Tanaskovic, V. Vuletic, P. Vancsura, A. Lengyel
Varga 137Cs fallout impact on forest soils and lake sediments in
the Boreon area, Mercantour Massif,
SE France (IAEA-CN-118/29P)
........................................................................................................287
Rezzoug, S., H. Michel, F. Fernex, G. Barci-Funel, V. Barci
Monitoring of radionuclides in the air: a radiation monitoring
network of the Czech Republic
(IAEA-CN-118/30P)
.........................................................................................................................288
Rulik, P., J. Skrkal, J. Tecl Radiological assessment of the
Egyptian Mediterranean Coast (IAEA-CN-118/31P)
...............................290
El-Gamal, A., I.H. Saleh, S. Nasr, M. Naim Environmental
monitoring at the Australian Nuclear Science & Technology
Organisation (ANSTO)
(IAEA-CN-118/33P)
.........................................................................................................................292
Ferris, J., J. Harrison, E. Hoffmann, T.E. Payne, R. Szymczak
Radionuclides in the coastal environment of Indonesia
(IAEA-CN-118/34P)
...........................................294
Umbara, H., H. Suseno Determination of natural and artificial
radioactivity levels in sediment in the Marmara Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/35P)
.........................................................................................................................296
Varinlioglu, A., R. Kucukcezzar, A. Kose 210Po in the North-West
Black Sea ecosystem (IAEA-CN-118/36P)
..........................................................297
Lazorenko, G.E., G. Polikarpov, I. Osvath Determination of
radiation level and elemental composition in water, biota and
sediments from
Cayo Punta Brava, Morrocoy National Park, Venezuela
(IAEA-CN-118/61P) ...............................298
Castillo, J., J. Bermdez, L. Sajo-Bohus, E. Greaves, D.
Palacios
BIOMONITORS
Recent Observations of 99Tc in Finnish coastal waters
(IAEA-CN-118/105)..............................................303
Ilus, E., V-P Vartti, T.K. Ikaheimonen, J. Mattila Water to
swamp morning glory transfer of radium-226 (IAEA-CN-118/116)
............................................307
Porntepkasemsan, B., K. Srisuksawa Phosphorus availability to
ryegrass from urban sewage sludges assessed by isotopic
labeling
and dilution technique: effect of irradiation (IAEA-CN-118/118)
....................................................311
El-Motaium, R.A., C. Morel Tolerance of fish to contaminated
habitats: underlying mechanisms probed with isotopic tracers
(IAEA-CN-118/107)
..........................................................................................................................316Jeffree,
R.A., S.J. Markich, J.R. Twining, S. Gal
Concentration factors for Tc-99 in lobsters (Hommarus gammarus)
from Norwegian coastalareas (IAEA-CN-118/109)
..............................................................................................................318Rudjord,
A.L., A.K. Kolstad, H.E. Heldal
-
Bioaccumulation and retention of 210Pb in the Mediterranean
mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (IAEA-CN-118/9)
.............................................................................................................................321
Boudjenoun, R., J.-L. Teyssi, O. Cotret, J. Paganelli, S.W.
Fowler, M. Warnau Delineation of heavy metal uptake pathways
(seawater, food and sediment) in tropical marine
bivalves using metal radiotracers (IAEA-CN-118/111)
.....................................................................323
Hdouin, L., M. Mtian, O. Cotret, J.-L. Teyssi, J. Paganelli,
S.W. Fowler, R. Fichez, M. Warnau
Po-210 and Pb-210 concentration factors for zooplankton and
faecal pellets in the oligotrophic
South-West Pacific (IAEA-CN-118/112)
..........................................................................................325
Jeffree, R.A., R. Szymczak, G.A. Peck Distribution and
interelement correlation between chemical elements and
radionuclides in marine
mammals from the southern Baltic Sea (IAEA-CN-118/113)
..........................................................327
Ciesielski, T., M. Waszczuk-Jankowska, P. Fodor, Zs. Bertenyi,
I. Kuklik, K. Skra, R. Bojanowski, J. Namie nik, P. Szefer
Bioaccumulation of selected heavy metals in the brown alga
Lobophora variegata : a radiotracer study (IAEA-CN-118/114)
................................................................................................................329
Metian, M., L. Hdouin, E. Giron, E. Buschiazzo, V. Borne, J.
Paganelli, R. Boudjenoun, O. Cotret, J.-L. Teyssi, S.W. Fowler, M.
Warnau
Anthropogenic radionuclides in fish, shellfish, algae and
sediments from the Sudanese
Red Sea coastal environment (IAEA-CN-118/117)
..........................................................................331
Rifaat Babiker, H.K., A.K. Sam, O.I. Osman, D.A. Sirelkhatim, J.
La Rosa
BIOMONITORS POSTERS
Zinc uptake and behaviour in the scleractinian coral Stylophora
pistillata (IAEA-CN-118/50P) ............ 335Boisson, F., C.
Richard, C. Ferrier-Pages
Distribution of radioactive caesium, potassium and selected
chemical elements in the
macrophytes from the southern Baltic waters and application of
factor analysis to study
interelemental relationships (IAEA-CN-118/51P)
............................................................................337
Zbikowski, R., R. Bojanowski, P. Szefer, A. Lata aHigh levels of
natural radioactivity in biota from deep sea hydrothermal vents
(IAEA-CN-118/52P) ......338
Charmasson, S., M. Agarande, D. Louvat, A-M. Neiva Marques, P-M.
Sarradin, J. Loyen, D. Desbruyeres
Influence of ambient dissolved metal concentration on their
bioaccumulation in two tropical
oysters: a radiotracer study (IAEA-CN-118/53P)
.............................................................................340
Giron, E, E. Buschiazzo, L. Hdouin, M. Gomez Batista, M. Metian,
V. Borne, O. Cotret, J.-L. Teyssi, S.W. Fowler, M. Warnau
Systematic model of metal and radionuclide bioaccumulation in
crocodilian and molluscan
calcified tissues (IAEA-CN-118/54P)
...............................................................................................342
Jeffree, R.A., S.J. Markich Bioaccumulation of arsenic and other
heavy metals in the oyster Crassostrea virginica:
a radiotracer study (IAEA-CN-118/147P)
.........................................................................................344
Gomez-Batista, M., M. Metian, E. Buschiazzo, J-L. Teyssie, O.
Cotret, C. Alonso-Hernandez, S.W. Fowler, M. Warnau
Use of fish biomarker response in the evaluation of the Black
Sea and the Sea of Azov
coastal ecosystem health (IAEA-CN-118/57P)
.................................................................................346
Rudneva, I., L.S. Oven, N.F. Shevchenko, E.N. Skuratuvskaya,
T.B. Vahtina, O.S. Roshina Microcalorimetry method for the
evaluation of the pollution response of marine organisms
(IAEA-CN-118/58P)
..........................................................................................................................348
Rudneva, I.I., V.G. Shaida, N.S. Kuzminova A microbiological
study on Rashid black sand sediments, Egypt (IAEA-CN-118/59P)
............................350
El-Gamal, A., T. Zaghloul, I.H. Saleh, S. Nasr, M. Naim
-
Bioaccumulation of artificial radionuclides and dose assessment
to biota in the Yenisei River
(Russia) (IAEA-CN-118/60P)
............................................................................................................352
Kryshev, A.I., T.G. Sazykina
ATMOSPHERE 210Pb, 210Po and 7Be in oceanic air from the North
Pole to the Antarctic (IAEA-CN-118/59) ....................357
Holm, E, P. Roos, M. Leisvik Observation of airborne 210Pb and
7Be during the Arctic Ocean 2001 expedition
(IAEA-CN-118/60)
............................................................................................................................361
Paatero, J., J. Hatakka, C. Leck, V. Aaltonen, Y. Viisanen
Deposition rates of radionuclides in Monaco in 2002 and 2003
(IAEA-CN-118/62) ................................365
Pham, M.K., S-H. Lee, J. Gastaud, P.P. Povinec Temporal and
seasonal variations of stable isotopes ( 2H and 18O) and tritium in
precipitation over
Portugal
(IAEA-CN-118/63)..............................................................................................................370
Carreira, P.M., P. Valerio, D. Nunes, M. F. Arajo Explanation of
temporal changes of isotopic composition in precipitation in
Hungary by
meteorological data and satellite images (IAEA-CN-118/64)
..........................................................374
Palcsu, L., E. Svingor, Z. Sznt, I. Fut, M. Molnr, L. Rinyu, R.
Rozinai, Z. DezsCosmogenic 22Na and 7Be in ground level air in
Krakw (Poland) (IAEA-CN-118/65) ...........................376
Grabowska, S., J.W. Mietelski FORSGC Network for isotopes in
precipitation over the Monsoon Asia (IAEA-CN-118/61)
...................380
Ichiyanagi, K., K. Yoshimura, M.D. Yamanaka
ATMOSPHERE POSTERS Changes of methane and nitrous oxide in the
atmosphere: New constraints from stable isotope
analyses in polar firn and ice (IAEA-CN-118/37P)
...........................................................................385
Bernard, S., T. Roeckmann, J. Kaiser, J. Chappellaz, J-M.
Barnola, C.M. Brenninkmeijer Seasonal variation of anthropogenic
radionuclides in atmospheric samples from central radiation
monitoring station in Korea (IAEA-CN-118/38P)
............................................................................386
Chang, B.U., Y.J. Kim, C.S. Kim, H.Y. Choi, C.K. Kim, B.H. Rho,
J.Y. Moon Surface mass balance of the East-Wilkes / Victoria region
of Antarctica: an update
(IAEA-CN-118/39P)
.........................................................................................................................388
Magand, O., C. Genthon, M. Frezzotti, M. Fily, S. Urbini, H.
Gallee Study of radionuclide concentration in the air at 11 km
altitude using cabin filters from airliners
(IAEA-CN-118/40P)
.........................................................................................................................390
Mietelski, J.W., S. Grabowska, P. Gaca The development of
detailed climatic scenarios for the Central Asia Region
(IAEA-CN-118/41P) ..........393
Normatov, I. Sh. Determination of mid-latitude radon-222 flux
from the Southern Ocean using atmospheric
radon-222 concentration measurements at an island ground station
(IAEA-CN-118/42P) ...............395
Zahorowski, W., S. Chambers, A. Henderson-Sellers
RADIONUCLIDE STUDIES OF SEDIMENTS Latitudinal distribution and
sedimentation of 90Sr, 137Cs, 241Am and 239,240Pu in bottom
sediment
of the Northwest Pacific Ocean (IAEA-CN-118/166)
......................................................................399
Lee, S-H., P.P. Povinec, E. Wyse, G-H. Hong, C-S. Chung, S-H.
Kim, H-J. Lee Radioactivity of Lake Sevan (Armenia) bottom
sediments (IAEA-CN-118/165)
.......................................401
Nalbandyan, A.G., V.L. Ananyan, W.C. Burnett, J.C. Cable Use of
137Cs, 239,240Pu and 210Pb in sediment accumulation studies in the
Baltic Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/167)
.........................................................................................................................405
Mattila, J., H. Kankaanp, E. Ilus
-
137Cs accumulation in coastal sediments in Sweden
(IAEA-CN-118/186)
.................................................409
Pettersson, H.B.L., I. Salih, J. Herrmann Pollutant lead
deposition in the Gulf of Lions over the last century reconstructed
from
sedimentary records (IAEA-CN-118/174)
........................................................................................416
Miralles, J., A. Vron, O. Radakovitch, P. Deschamps, B. Hamelin
Distribution Coefficients (Kds) of naturally occurring radionuldies
in river sediments
(IAEA-CN-118/115)
..........................................................................................................................421
Al-Masri, M.S., S. Mamish, M.A. Haleem Natural gamma
radionuclides in sediments of the Gulf of Mexico: an approach to
radio-tracers
transport and distribution of sediments in marine environments
(IAEA-CN-118/169) ....................422
Rodriguez-Espinosa, P.F., V.M.V. Vidal L., F.V. Vidal L.
Historical trend in heavy metal pollution in the sediments of
Cienfuegos Bay (Cuba), defined by
210Pb and 137Cs geochronology
(IAEA-CN-118/170).........................................................................424
Alonso Hernandez, C., S. Perez Santana, C. Brunori, R. Morabito,
R. Delfanti, C. Papucci Western Tasmania - A reconstructed history
of wide-spread aerial pollution in a formerly
"pristine" area - the Use of 210Pb & 226Ra in retrospective
monitoring of the environment
(IAEA-CN-118/171)
..........................................................................................................................430
Heijnis, H., K.J. Harle, J. Harrison Application of neutron
activatable tracers (NATs) for cohesive sediment transport studies
in
contaminated estuaries (IAEA-CN-118/172)
.....................................................................................431
Hollins, S., R. Szymczak, P. Airey, W.L. Peirson, T. Payne
Sediment geochemical properties and dinoflagellate cyst
distribution in Manila Bay, Philippines
(IAEA-CN-118/173)
.........................................................................................................................433
Siringan, F.P., R.V. Azanza, J.P. Duyanen, E.Z. Sombrito, N.
Macalalad, P. Zamora, A. Yiguez, E. Sta. Maria, A.D.M. Bulos
RADIONUCLIDE STUDIES OF SEDIMENTS POSTERS
Determination of accumulation rates for organic carbon,
carbonate, metal and sediment on the
eastern continental margin of the Black Sea sediments during the
Late Holocene
(IAEA-CN-118/102P)
.......................................................................................................................437
Gngr, E., M.N. a atay, N. Gngr, B.G. Gktepe Distribution of
radionuclides and trace elements in marine sediments from coastal
areas of
Japan (IAEA-CN-118/103P)
.............................................................................................................439
Honda, T., E. Suzuki Sedimentation rates in reservoir and
gullies derived from 137Cs depth profile in the Moldavian
Tableland Romania (IAEA-CN-118/105P)
....................................................................................441
Margineanu, R.M., I. Ionita, D. Gheorghiu Sedimentation rates in
the Eastern Baltic Sea based on lead-210 dating (IAEA-CN-118/107P)
................443
Mazeika, J., R. Radzevicius, R. Dusauskiene-Duz Residence time
and sedimentation regime in Cienfuegos Bay, Cuba, with the use of
210Pb and
137Cs isotopes (IAEA-CN-118/109P)
................................................................................................445
Muoz Caravaca, A., C. Alonso-Hernndez, M. Daz Asencio Baseline
of 137Cs and natural radionuclides in sediments along the Algerian
coast
(IAEA-CN-118/110P)
.......................................................................................................................447
Noureddine, A., M. Menacer, R. Boudjenoun, A. Hammadi, M.
Benkrid, M. Maache 197Hgg as radiotracer to study mercury
methylation and demethylation processes in sediments
and soils (IAEA-CN-118/112P)
........................................................................................................450
Ribeiro Guevara, S., M. Arribre, V. Jereb, S. Prez Catn, M.
Horvat Spatial and temporal variations of uranium and thorium
series along the Egyptian Mediterranean
coast (IAEA-CN-118/113P)
..............................................................................................................452
Saleh, I.H., A.A. El-Gamal, S.M. Nasr, M.A. Naim
-
Estimation of sediment loading in Asian Ccastal area using 210Pb
inventory in mangrove sediment
(IAEA-CN-118/115P)
.......................................................................................................................455
Tateda, Y., D.D. Nhan, N.Q. Long, N.H. Quang, N.H.
QuyApplication of radionuclides to study recent changes in sediment
accumulation rates in Adventfjorden,
Svalbard (IAEA-CN-118/116P)
.........................................................................................................456
Zaj czkowski, M., W. Szczuci ski, R. Bojanowski The use of a
Cs-137 vertical migration model to study the temporal evolution of
heavy metals in
coastal sediments of the Bay of Cadiz (Spain) (IAEA-CN-118/119P)
.............................................458
Barrera, M., R.A. Ligero, M. Casas-Ruiz
MODELLINGModelling the oceanic Nd isotopic composition on a
global scale (IAEA-CN-118/45)..............................463
Arsouze, T., C. Jeandel, F. Lacan, N. Ayoub, J-C. Dutay 3-D
Modelling technique of time-series 137Cs concentration in coastal
organisms in the case of
short term introduction (IAEA-CN-118/52)
.....................................................................................465
Tateda, Y., A. Wada Performance evaluation of the recently
commissioned Worli submarine outfall, Mumbai, India,
using radiotracer studies and mathematical modelling
(IAEA-CN-118/54) .....................................470
Noble, J., U.S. Kumar, U.P. Kulkarni, S.V. Navada, I. Gupta, R.
Kumar Tracer studies with Arctic and subArctic coupled ice-ocean
models: dispersion of radionuclides
and oxygen isotopes
(IAEA-CN-118/44)...........................................................................................475
Karcher, M.J., I.H. Harms, F. Kauker Development of an
atmosphere-land surface coupled isotope circulation model
(IAEA-CN-118/48) ......477
Yoshimura, K., T. Oki
MASS SPECTROMETRY New directions for accelerator mass
spectrometry technology (IAEA-CN-118/160)
................................483
Kieser, W.E., A.E. Litherland, X-L. Zhao, J.N. Smith, J.
Cornett, L. Cousins, G. Javaheri, I. Tomski
53Mn in ferromanganese encrustations (IAEA-CN-118/161)
......................................................................491
Korschinek, G., M. Poutivtsev, T. Faestermann, K. Knie, G.
Rugel, A. Wallner, J. Scholten, A. Mangini
From bulk to particle analysis a new challenge for radioecology
(IAEA-CN-118/43) ............................492
Betti, M., L. Aldave de las Heras, G. Tamborini Precise uranium
isotopic measurements in groundwater around the CEA's Vaujours
site
(IAEA-CN-118/189)
.........................................................................................................................493
Baude, S., F. Pointurier, R. Chiappini VERA, a Versatile
Facility for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
(IAEA-CN-118/87).................................497
Priller, A., M. Auer, R. Golser, W. Kutschera, P. Steier, C.
Vockenhuber, A. Wallner, E.M. Wild, S. Winkler
Measurement of radioisotopes in marine samples by sector field
ICP-MS (IAEA-CN-118/90).................499
Wyse, E., S.-H. Lee, A. Rodriguez y Baena, S. Azemard, J.-C.
Miquel, J. Gastaud, M.K. Pham, P.P. Povinec, S. de Mora
Environmental monitoring of long-lived radionuclides using
multi-collector ICPMS
(IAEA-CN-118/92)
...........................................................................................................................501
Gerdes, A., S. Weyer, G. Brey Uranium and plutonium atom ratios
and concentration factors in Reservoir 11 and Asanov Swamp,
Mayak PA (IAEA-CN-118/93)
..........................................................................................................503
Standring, W.J.F., P. Brretzen, D.H. Oughton, L.K. Fifield
Distribution of Pu and Am isotopes in BOMARC missile site soil
(IAEA-CN-118/94) ............................505
Lee, M.H., Y.J. Park, W.H. Kim
-
Detection of reprocessing activities through stable isotope
measurements of atmospheric
xenon by mass spectrometry (IAEA-CN-118/95)
.............................................................................507
Pointurier, F., J.P. Fontaine, Ph. Hmet, N. Baglan, S. Baude, R.
Chiappini Matrix effects during magnetic sector-field inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry uranium
isotope ratio measurements in complex environmental/biological
samples (IAEA-CN-118/96) .....510
Qutel, C.R., E. Ponzevera, I. Tresl, E. Vassileva 234U and 230Th
determination by ID-FI-ICP-MS and application to uranium-series
disequilibrium
in marine samples (IAEA-CN-118/97)
.............................................................................................512
Godoy, M.L.D.P., J.M. Godoy, R. Kowsmann Determination of
bromine stable isotopes in inorganic samples using continuous-flow
isotope ratio
mass spectrometry (IAEA-CN-118/98)
............................................................................................517
Shouakar-Stash, O., R.J. Drimmie, S.K. Frape Critical evaluation
of an isotope dilution ICP-MS method for the measurement of the Fe
content
in seawater (IAEA-CN-118/100)
......................................................................................................518
Petrov, I.I., C.R. Qutel, P.D.P. Taylor Measurement of
variations in stable mercury isotope ratios in the environment
(IAEA-CN-118/187) ......520
Hintelmann, H., D. Foucher Recent achievements in increasing the
electromagnetic separation efficiency of actinides
(IAEA-CN-118/188)
..........................................................................................................................522
Vesnovskii, S.P.
MASS SPECTROMETRY - POSTERS Nuclear Geophysiology: isotopes in
Australian environmental analysis (IAEA-CN-118/76P)
.................527
Henderson-Sellers, A., D. Stone, S. Hollins, M. Hotchkis, D.
Fink AMS measurement of 129I and its application as an
oceanographic tracer (IAEA-CN-118/84P) ...............529
Suzuki, T., T. Kitamura, S. Kabuto, O. Togawa, H. Amano
RADIOMETRICS Low level gamma-ray spectrometry at the PTB
underground laboratory UDO (IAEA-CN-118/157)........533
Neumaier, S., D. Arnold Background effects observed with a
low-level gamma-spectrometer with muon veto
detector (IAEA-CN-118/159)
............................................................................................................538
Mietelski, J.W., Z. Hajduk, L. Hajduk, J. Jurkowski Remote
sensing of intertidal sediment bound radionuclide storage,
remobilization and deposition:
case study in the Ribble Estuary (IAEA-CN-118/101)
......................................................................543
Tyler, A.N., R. Wakefield, P. McDonald, M. Rainey, P. Atkin
Device development for marine gamma survey of seabed on Azerbaijani
section of Caspian Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/103)
..........................................................................................................................548
Bayramov, Z. Low background germanium detector technology from
Canberra (IAEA-CN-118/154) ...........................550
Verplancke, J., M. Berst, M.O. Lampert, O. Tench The Gran Sasso
National Laboratories (L.N.G.S.): status and outlook
(IAEA-CN-118/155) ....................552
Laubenstein, M. Neutron fluence measurements using underground
HPGe-detectors (IAEA-CN-118/156) .......................554
Hult, M., J. Gasparro
RADIOMETRICS POSTERS Determination of Th, U, Pu and Am
radionuclides in soil and marine samples (IAEA-CN-118/62P)
......559
Benkrid, M., S. De Figueiredo
-
Validation of alpha-spectrometric methods for 226Ra measurements
using a double tracer
technique (IAEA-CN-118/63P)
.........................................................................................................561
Bojanowski, R., Z. Radecki Interaction of plutonium with humic
acid (IAEA-CN-118/65P)
................................................................562
Gnot, L., H. Michel, G. Barci-Funel, V. Barci Sorption of cesium
on bentonite: the role of calcite (IAEA-CN-118/66P)
..................................................564
Hurel, C., A. Delisse, N. Marmier, F. Fromage, A.C.M. Bourg
Caesium sorptiondesorption behaviour in bottom sediments
(IAEA-CN-118/68P) .................................565
Lujanien , G., B. ilobritien , K. Jokas Pre-concentration and
determination of 210Pb in water by liquid scintillation
spectrometry
(IAEA-CN-118/69P)
.........................................................................................................................567
Mereov, J., M. Vrkov, K. Sedl kov, Z. Jakub ov Implications of
radiochemical purity of 99Mo/99Tc generator eluates for the
determination of low
levels of 99Tc in seawater
(IAEA-CN-118/71P).................................................................................569
Selns, .G., M. Dowdall, C. Davids, J.P. Gwynn Development of a
procedure for the determination of 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb in
produced water
(IAEA-CN-118/72P)
.........................................................................................................................571
Sidhu, R., K. Ostmo, T. Bjerk, R. Nordvi, E. Stralberg Design of
a low background ZnS(Ag) alpha counter for water samples using a
plastic veto detector
(IAEA-CN-118/74P)
.........................................................................................................................573
Ardid, M., J.L. Ferrero Determination of Ra-224, Ra-226 and
Ra-228 by gamma-ray spectrometry with radon retention
(IAEA-CN-118/77P)
.........................................................................................................................575
Herranz, M., R. Idoeta, A. Abelairas, F. Legarda Application of
analytical methods for evaluation of natural radionuclides in the
vicinity of water
discharges into the sea (IAEA-CN-118/78P)
.....................................................................................577
Jerez Veguera, S.F., J.M. Godoy, Evaluation of the infinite
radius of a radioactive water environment
(IAEA-CN-118/79P)........................580
Kedhi, M. Development of monitor for multiple beta-ray nuclides
in liquid radioactive wastes
(IAEA-CN-118/80P)
.........................................................................................................................583
Kim, C.S., B.H. Rho, U.W. Nam, K.I. Seon, C.K. Kim Development
of an in-situ fission track analysis for detecting fissile
actinides in soils and sediments
contaminated with actinides (IAEA-CN-118/81P)
............................................................................585
Lee, M.H., H.Y. Pyo, Y.J. Park, K.Y. Jee, S.B. Clark Radon alpha
and gamma-ray spectrometry with YAP:Ce scintillator
(IAEA-CN-118/82P) ......................587
Plastino, W., P. De Felice Nuclear and physical methods of
monitoring the content of technogeneous (Pu, Am) and natural
(Rn)
radionuclides in the environment, used in Belarus
(IAEA-CN-118/87P) .........................................589
Zhuk, I.V., O.I. Yaroshevich, V.A. Bryileva, M.K. Kievets, E.M.
Lomonosova In-situ gamma ray spectrometry with the K-A-TE-RINA
submersible detector (IAEA-CN-118/89P) ......591
Tsabaris, C., Th. Dakladas Optimisation of sample geometry for
gamma spectrometric measurements through Monte Carlo
simulation
(IAEA-CN-118/145P).......................................................................................................594
Dovlete, C., I. Osvath
QUALITY ASSURANCE NUSIMEP: an external QC programme for
measuring nuclear isotopes in environmental
samples (IAEA-CN-118/178)
............................................................................................................599
Stolarz, A., L. Benedik, A. Alonso, T. Altzizoglou, W. De Bolle,
H. Khn, A. Moens, E. Ponzevera, C. Qutel, A. Verbruggen, R.
Wellum
-
Accreditation in University Environmental Radioactivity
Laboratories (IAEA-CN-118/180) ...................604
Llaurad, M., C. Navarro, I. Valls Evaluating a laboratory's
performance in drinking water samples (IAEA-CN-118/177)
...........................606
Romero, M.L., R. Salas SI-traceable measurement of methylmercury
in tuna by species-specific isotope dilution with a 202Hg
isotopically enriched methylmercury reference material
(IAEA-CN-118/181) ................................608
Snell, J.P., C.R. Qutel
QUALITY ASSURANCE POSTERS
ISO 9001 accreditation in an R&D environment - is it
possible? (IAEA-CN-118/85P) ............................613
Szymczak, R., A. Henderson-Sellers, R.T. Lowson, R. Chisari The
quality control system in environmental water radioactivity
laboratories (IAEA-CN-118/86P) ........615
Camacho, A., I. Valls, X. Ortega Development of a laboratory
information management system at IAEA-MEL (IAEA-CN-118/88P)
.......617
Bartocci, J., H. Ramadan, I. Osvath, P.P. Povinec A new 202Hg
isotopically enriched methylmercury spike material with
SI-traceable reference values for
isotope dilution measurements in biological and environmental
samples (IAEA-CN-118/136P) .....619
Snell, J.P., C.R. Quetel
NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS POSTERSChronology of metal
pollution offshore Coruh Mouth, Eastern Black Sea
(IAEA-CN-118/144P) ............623
Secrieru, D., S. Gulin, I. Osvath Content of toxic elements in
fish species of the Black Sea (IAEA-CN-118/141P)
....................................625
Zubachenko, V.L., S.O. Omelchenko, G.V. Simchuk Trace metal
distributions in the water column and surface sediments of zmit Bay
(Turkey) after the
Marmara ( zmit) Earthquake (IAEA-CN-118/118P)
.........................................................................627
Balkis, N., E. Senol A survey of metal pollution in mussels
Mytilus galloprovincialis (L.1758) from the northern coast
of the Turkish Aegean Sea (IAEA-CN-118/138P)
............................................................................629
U. Sunlu Benthic foraminiferal response to heavy metal pollution
in Izmir Bay (Eastern Aegean Sea)
(IAEA-CN-118/64P)
.........................................................................................................................631
Bergin, F., F. Kucuksezgin, E. Uluturhan, I.F. Barut, E. Meric,
N. Avsar Speciation of mercury and tin in marine sediments and
biological matrix (IAEA-CN-118/129P) .............634
Mzoughi, N., M. Brava, T. Stoichev, M. Dachraoui, G. Lespes, D.
Amouroux, M. Potin-Gautier, O.F.X. Donard
Accumulation of heavy metals in shellfish flesh of marine
environment along the coast of Tunisia
(IAEA-CN-118/122P)
.......................................................................................................................636
Chouba, L., N. Langar-Zamouri, M. S. Romdhane, A. El Abed Total
arsenic in marine organisms from Cienfuegos Bay, Cuba
(IAEA-CN-118/117P) ............................639
Alonso-Hernandez, C., M. Gmez Batista, A. Muoz-Caravaca, S.
Prez-Santana, M. Daz-Asencio, J. Estvez Alvarez, I. Pupo Gonzlez,
N. Alberro Macas
Arsenic accumulation by ferns from the iron quadrangle, Minas
Gerais, Brazil (IAEA-CN-118/133P).....641
Palmieri, H.E.L., H.A. Nalini Jr., M.. de B. C. Menezes, J.B.S.
Barbosa, J. dos S.J. Pereira, L.V. Leonel
Occurrence of butyltin compounds in sediment and bivalve from
three harbour areas (Ho Chi Minh,
Da Nang and Hai Phong) in Viet Nam (IAEA-CN-118/123P)
.........................................................643
Nhan, D.N., D.T. Loan, J. Bartocci, I. Tolosa, S.J. de
MoraNuclear detectives - reconstructing histories of toxic
dinoflagellates & blue green algae in coastal
lakes and estuaries
(IAEA-CN-118/125P)..........................................................................................645
Heijnis, H., A. McMinn, G. Hallegraeff, K. Srisuksawad
-
Occurrence and availability of prioritary compounds (chlorinated
pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl
ethers, alkylphenols and heavy metals) in freshwater sediments
and fish (IAEA-CN-118/142P) ....646
Lacorte, S., E. Martnez, D. Ralda, A. Navarro, D. BarcelFate of
alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A in Lake Shihwa, Korea
(IAEA-CN-118/130P) ......648
Oh, J.R., D. Li An investigation of the important parameters
used for application of chemical reaction model at
environmental soils in Egypt (IAEA-CN-118/128P)
........................................................................649
Kamel, N.H.M. Reconstruction of water purification system using
soil - sorption of refractory DOM and phosphate
ion to soil beads under static and dynamic water flow conditions
(IAEA-CN-118/124P).................651
Fujikawa, Y., T. Hamasaki, G. Prasai, R. Imada, E. Ikeda, H.
Ozaki, M. Sugahara Basic experimental research for the
reconstruction of water purification system using soil -
sorption
isotherm of fulvic acid and phosphate ion for selected materials
under different pH
(IAEA-CN-118/137P)
.......................................................................................................................653
Sugahara, M., Y. Fujikawa, R. Imada, H. Ozaki, G. Prasai, T.
Hamasaki Basic experimental research for the reconstruction of
water purification system using soil changes
of sorption of fulvic acid and phosphoric acid by heating
processing (IAEA-CN-118/143P) ..........655
Hamasaki, T., Y. Fujikawa, R. Imada, M. Nagatomo, M. Sugahara,
H. Ozaki
ANNEX I COLOUR FIGURES
.............................................................................................657
CHAIRPERSONS OF SESSIONS
............................................................................................665
SECRETARIAT OF THE CONFERENCE
...............................................................................667
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
........................................................................................................668
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1
OPENING STATEMENT
S.A.S. le Prince Souverain de Monaco Albert II
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
We are very pleased to welcome you in Monaco for Aquatic Forum
2004, the second Conference on Applications of Isotopes in
Environmental Studies. We all know the importance ofthe protection
of the marine environment for sustainable development and economy
of coastal states,like Monaco. Sadly, this environment has been
under continuous threats from development, tourism, urbanisation
and demographic pressure. The semi-enclosed Mediterranean sea is
challenged by newpollutant cocktails, problems of fresh water
management, over-fishing, and now increasingly climate change
impacts.
Monaco has a long history in the investigation of the marine
environment. Prince Albert 1er, was one of the pioneers in
oceanographic exploration, organizer of European oceanographic
research and founder of several international organizations
including the Muse Ocanographique.
We are very proud that the International Atomic Energy Agency
established in 1961 its Marine Environment Laboratory in Monaco,
the only marine laboratory in the United Nations system. Their
first purpose-built facilities, dedicated to marine research,
launched a new era in the investigation of the marine environment
using radioactive and stable isotopes as tracers for better
understanding of processes in the Oceans and Seas, addressing their
pollution and promoting wide international cooperation. We are
pleased that the Government of the Principality of Monaco has been
actively engaged in these developments and is continuously
supporting activities of the Monaco Laboratory.
We are also proud that the International Hydrographic Bureau has
its Headquarters in Monaco. Monaco is also hosting the Commission
Internationale pour lExploration Scientifique de la Mer Mditerrane
(CIESM), whom I have the honor to have chaired since 2001. I am
very delighted to follow closely the works of the Commission funded
by the 23 member states who support the work of a large scientific
network of 500 institutes and over 2500 researchers, united by a
commitment to promote marine science for the protection of the
Mediterranean Sea and its coastal communities.
We should also mention that our Centre Scientifique de Monaco
(CSM) Observatoire Ocanographique Europen, established in 1960, is
well known for investigations of coral ecology and geochemistry,
which are now under risk from Climate Change, and which I am sure
you will discuss in detail during this conference.
I would like to extend my congratulations to all the scientists
involved in the essential work of protecting the marine environment
who have gathered here in Monaco. I wish you a scientifically
exciting and socially enjoyable week in Monaco.
-
OPENING STATEMENT
Werner Burkart Deputy Director General
Head of the Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna
Monseigneur,Excellence, Monsieur le Ministre d'Etat,Monsieur le
Directeur Gnral CIESM,Messieurs les Reprsentants des Organismes
Internationaux, Mesdames, Messieurs,
On behalf of the Director General of the International Atomic
Energy Agency, and on my own behalf, I wish to extend a warm
welcome to all participants in this International Conference on
Isotopes in Environmental Studies Aquatic Forum 2004. The long
history of support to marine science under the patronage of the
Royal Family of the Principality of Monaco makes it very fitting
that this Conference should take place here.
I also wish to thank our joint organisers of the Conference, the
Commission Internationale pour lExploration Scientifique de la Mer
Mediterranee, UNESCOs Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
and the International Hydrological Programme, and the UNESCO/IAEA
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics.
The role of the UN system in ensuring international peace,
security and socio-economic development has never been more
relevant or important. As recent international events have
demonstrated, the IAEA, often called the 'nuclear watchdog' of the
UN system, plays a critical role in the area of nuclear
non-proliferation security. But in the dawn of this new century,
there are other significant dangers adding to global insecurity and
instability that the Agency is also addressing. These include,
among other things, energy production, food and agriculture, human
health, water resource management, and of course, the marine and
terrestrial environments.
Our marine environment and water resource programmes aim to
increase the knowledge base and scientific capacity of Member
States for the management of marine and freshwater resources and
protection of the environment.
This is the second international conference organised by the
Agency in Monaco on isotopic environmental studies, the previous
one having been held in 1998 at the occasion of the opening of the
new premises of the IAEA-Marine Environment Laboratory. The new
Laboratory has played an even greater role in promoting the use of
both radioactive and stable isotopes as powerful tools for a better
understanding of processes in the marine and terrestrial
environments.
It would be extremely presumptuous of me to talk about the
importance of the marine environment and resources while here in
Monaco. And I dont intend to do so. But I think it is worth
reviewing some of the facts.
Oceans are two thirds of the surface area of the Earth. Oceans
are an essential part of the history of human development. Mastery
of the seas facilitated integration of civilizations across the
globe civilizations that were once kept apart by the oceans. Today,
nearly half of the worlds population lives within 60 km of a
coastline and it is growing by the day! Some 14 of the 15 largest
mega-cities around the world are coastal.
The Monaco Laboratory has pioneered the detection and
oceanographic and marine ecologicaltracking of radioactivity in the
sea, originating from past nuclear tests, submarine accidents
and
-
3
Chernobyl inputs into the ocean. More recently, the Monaco
Laboratory has played a lead role in the unique application of
radiotracers and isotopes to fingerprint sources of marine
pollution, to track harmful algal blooms, to date deep water masses
and sediments and to budget the oceans carbon cycles and climate
change.
These novel results and techniques are transferred through IAEA
Training Programmes, many in collaboration with our UN partners, to
Member States resulting in a global network of marine environmental
competence.
Globally, coastal zones are stressed by population growth.
Population pressures include increased solid waste production,
polluted urban runoff, and loss of green space and wildlife
habitat. Excess nutrient loadings lead to harmful algal blooms,
which are a threat to human health and to the coastal resources.
Isotopes and nuclear techniques offer unique advantages for
diagnosing the health of the ocean and tracing the marine
ecosystem.
The potential effects of climate change have great implications
for human development. The Earths freshwater resources are limited,
with less than one hundredth of one percent of all water on Earth
being freshwater that is accessible for human consumption. Thats
like one liter in ten thousand liters!!
Greed, for the lack of a better word, is a good thing. This was
Hollywoods description of the essential human values of the 1980s.
When used in the context of water, however, greed is not a good
thing. As Mahatma Gandhi said nearly 60 years ago, there is enough
water in the world for human need, but not enough for human
greed.
While strides have been made in the last thirty years, more than
a billion people still lack access to safe drinking water.
Desalination in a Greenhouse World is increasingly important. I am
glad to see that the Conference is addressing issues related to
both the marine and terrestrial environments, because the
hydrological cycle on the Earth, and thus freshwater supply, is
deeply inter-twined with the climate system, which in turn is
linked with the atmosphere and the ocean.
The changes in climate in recent years have led to growing
concerns over the effects of climate on natural resources and
sustainable development. The El Nio Southern Oscillation phenomena
observed in the Pacific Ocean have had significant impacts on
ecology, society and economics. The current changes in the marine
environment and in climatic conditions can be understood through
historical records in corals and sediments. One of the most
important parameters in determining the climate on the Earth is the
temperature record of the ocean. It is believed that surface
seawater temperature and its coupling with atmospheric processes is
the most important phenomenon in the long-term climate record. I
believe that results obtained using nuclear and isotopic
techniques, which will be presented during this Conference, will
further help to understand past climate changes on the Earth.
The Conference will address many of these and other issues and
will provide an important forum for evaluating the state of the
marine and freshwater environments. An ambitious Conference
Programme is before you, and I am sure that you will find it most
informative, timely and valuable. The Conference, with almost 400
participants coming from 78 Member States and 7 international
organizations, I am sure, will lead to a clear vision for further
investigations and fruitful international collaborations. I would
look forward to the outcome of your deliberations.
I wish you a successful and enjoyable Conference, and a pleasant
stay in Monaco and the CotedAzur.
-
OPENING STATEMENT
R.F.C. Mantoura Director
International Atomic Energy Agency Marine Environment
Laboratory, Monaco
Monseigneur,Excellence, Monsieur le Ministre d'Etat,Monsieur le
Directeur Gnral du CIESM,Distinguished Guests,Dear
Colleagues,Ladies and Gentlemen,
Welcome to Monaco and to the International Conference on
Isotopes in Environmental Studies Aquatic Forum 2004. We are very
pleased that almost 400 participants from 78 countries and 7
international organizations gathered in Monaco at the second
conference in this series to discuss recent trends in isotopic
environmental studies.
The International Atomic Energy Agencys Marine Environment
Laboratory in Monaco has been engaged for over 40 years in
investigations of radionuclides in the marine environment. The
establishment of the Marine Laboratory in Monaco was triggered in
the late fifties by necessity to investigate the impact of
atmospheric nuclear weapons testing on the marine environment. The
Laboratory started its operation in 1961 in the famous Monaco
Oceanographic Museum as IAEAs International Laboratory of Marine
Radioactivity. In 1988 the Laboratory moved to larger, but still
temporary premises in the Monaco Football Stadium and incorporated
in its mission non-radioactive contamination of the marine
environment, a fact which was also reflected in 1991 when the
Laboratory changed its name to the Marine Environment Laboratory.
In 1998 the Laboratory moved to the present permanent premises
dedicated to marine research at Quai Antoine 1er along the Port
Hercule.
Our Laboratory is highly appreciative for over forty years of
support provided by the Government of the Principality of Monaco,
and of their growing interest in contamination studies and
preserving the marine environment for future generations, a trend
which is also demonstrated by the generous support the Government
has provided for the organisation of this Conference.
From its beginning the Laboratory has been engaged in studying
marine processes using radionuclides as tracers. Actually this line
of research started almost simultaneously with the operation of the
Laboratory, as the first pioneering work on application of 226Ra as
an oceanographic tracer was published by Koczy in 1958 in the
Proceedings of the Geneva Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic
Energy. Of course, early investigations were greatly limited by the
techniques available for sampling and analysis of radionuclides in
the marine environment. For example, water sampling has evolved
from the simple reversing Nansen bottle to the present robotic
systems based on ROVs (Remotely Operating Vehicles) and AUVs
(Autonomous Underwater Vehicles), and other sophisticated sampling
technologies, which use satellite views of sea areas for the
optimisation of sampling. Analytical investigations started with
the development of simple radiochemical methods and Geiger gas
counters, but at present they have entered into an age of robotic
radiochemical technologies, sophisticated detectors working on line
with powerful computers, often operating underground to improve
sensitivity, and in specific applications such as underwater
radionuclide monitoring, operating continuously with satellite data
transmission. Furthermore the philosophy of radionuclide analysis
has dramatically changed from the concept of counting decays to the
concept of counting atoms using highly sensitive mass spectrometers
working with low energy ions (e.g. Thermal Ionisation Mass
Spectrometry TIMS, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
ICPMS, Resonance
-
5
Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (RIMS), or accelerated ions to
levels of tens or hundreds of MeV in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
(AMS) systems. In other aquatic applications, simplistic laboratory
radiotracer experiments with organisms and sediments carried out in
small, static aquaria have evolved into larger, mesocosm studies
where the many aquatic variables can be controlled in order to
better simulate the natural environment and generate more realistic
results.
This evolution from simple analytical and experimental
techniques to the present sophisticated state-of-the-art
technologies has been accompanied by a considerable change in the
philosophy of oceanic research as well. We have moved from single
institutional investigations carried out until the seventies, to
global international oceanic projects, represented first by the
GEOSECS programme, and later by the WOCE, the JGOFS and other
programmes, including new projects currently under preparation such
as the GEOTRACES. I am pleased to mention that the Monaco
Laboratory has also carried out, in collaboration with over 30
laboratories, a large scale programme called WOMARS Worldwide
Marine Radioactivity Studies, results of which have recently
appeared in a special issue of Deep Sea Research II. And in
collaboration with several Japanese institutes we have just
launched a new project Southern Hemisphere Ocean Study (SHOTS)
which should contribute to better understanding of circulation
processes in the Southern Ocean that play a dominant role in the
Earths climate.
Both radioactive and stable isotopes have been used as powerful
tools for a better understanding of processes in the aquatic and
terrestrial environments. However, from the hundreds of isotopes
available in nature, only relatively few have been applied in
environmental studies because of several reasons, for example
availability of sensitive analytical techniques or lack of
appropriate physical half-lives radiotracers, but more often it is
simply due to a lack of new ideas for their utilisation. Therefore,
there is a lot of work in front of us to undertake in order to
realise new ideas in isotopic aquatic research for better
understanding and protecting our environment.
This Conference is addressing issues related to both the marine
and terrestrial environments, underscoring the global character of
our science that requires regional and international cooperation.
The Conference will therefore provide inputs to Inter-Agency
sponsored regional and global environmental programmes which will
improve our collaboration in future. In this respect I am sure that
during the Conference you will have ample opportunity to interact
with leading experts in the field and to discuss future trends in
environmental isotopic studies.
Along these lines several specialised workshops will be
organised during the Conference, namely the:
ATOMS-Med (Atomic Techniques for Observing Marine Systems)
workshop which will review the present understanding of the Eastern
Mediterranean Basin and will prepare a proposal for a new joint
project; Research Coordination Meeting of the Coordinated Research
Project Nuclear and Isotopic Studies of the El Nio Phenomenon in
the Ocean carried out by the Monaco Laboratory in collaboration
with twelve institutes from Australia, France, Indonesia, Israel,
Jordan, Monaco, New Zealand, Peru and USA; Workshop on
groundwater-seawater interaction studies in coastal zones,
including presentation of joint results from sampling missions in
Sicily and Brazil, obtained in the framework of the Coordinated
Research Project Nuclear and Isotopic Techniques for the
Characterization of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Coastal
Zones carried out jointly by the Monaco Laboratory and the IAEAs
Isotope Hydrology Section, and in cooperation with UNESCOs
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the International
Hydrological Programme, as well as ten laboratories in Brazil,
France, India, Italy, Japan, Slovenia, Russian Federation, Turkey
and USA; Workshop on underground laboratories organised jointly
with the Collaboration of European Low-level Underground
Laboratories (CELLAR).
-
The Conference also documents the active collaboration of
several UN and regional agencies in the aquatic environmental
studies, in that it is organised jointly by the IAEA, the
Commission Internationale pour lExploration Scientifique de la Mer
Mediterranee (CIESM), UNESCOs Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Commission and International Hydrological Programme, and the
UNESCO/IAEA Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical
Physics. This joint collaboration confirms that coordinated
international efforts are necessary for studying environmental
changes, climate variability and contamination of the aquatic
environment which occur on global or regional scales and having
impacts over similar scales. I am pleased that this Conference is
co-sponsored by these organisations and further cooperation of
these agencies will undoubtedly help to widen the impact of our
activities and to involve more scientists working in joint,
multi-institutional projects.
Finally, I wish you all a scientifically-interesting and
rewarding Conference, and a very pleasant stay in Monaco.
-
CLIMATE CHANGE
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9
IAEA-CN-118/3
Interannual to decadal climate variability in the Pacific and
Indian Oceans revealed by isotopic studies of corals
Dunbar, R., D. Fleitmann, D. Mucciarone
Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University,
Stanford CA,United States of America
Instrumental records of past variability in climatically
important regions of the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans are
relatively scarce and short. Multi-century reconstructions of past
climate change in these areas are now being made available through
the isotopic and chemical analysis of coral skeletons collected
from both the surface ocean and deep sea. Here we present a brief
synthesis of multi-century trends in ocean climate as revealed by
coral archives. In general, these records are consistent with
century-scale trends towards a warmer tropical ocean with greater
near-equatorial rainfall and greater ENSO variability in more
recent decades. Very limited deep sea coral data reveal larger than
expected variability in thermocline conditions during the past
several centuries. Sufficient data is now available to allow
comparisons of Pacific ENSO variability with records of the Monsoon
from the Pacific Basin over timescales extending back at least 150
years. The last half of this talk is used to describe a new
synthesis derived from East Africa coral records.
We present a monthly resolution stable isotopic record acquired
from several large living coral heads (Porites) from the Malindi
and Watamu Marine Reserves, Kenya (3S, 40E). The annual chronology
is precise and is based on exceptionally clear high and low density
growth band couplets. The record extends from 1696 to 1996 A.D.,
making it the longest coral climate record from the Indian Ocean
and one of the longest available worldwide. We have analyzed the
uppermost portion of 8 separate coral cores. This upper section,
used for calibration purposes, provides estimates of signal
fidelity and noise in the climate recording system internal to the
colony. Coral 18O at this site primarily records SST; regression of
monthly coral 18O vs. SST yields a slope of -0.26 18O per C, and
18O explains well over 50% of the variance in SST. Additional
isotopic variability may result from changes in seawater
18O due to local runoff or regional evaporation/precipitation
balance, but these changes are likely to be small because local
rainfall 18O is not strongly depleted relative to seawater and
salinity gradients are small. The coral record indicates a clear
warming trend of about 1.5C that accelerates in the latest 20th
century, superimposed on strong decadal variability that persists
throughout the record. In fact,
18O values in the 1990s exceed the 300 year envelope (they are
lower) and correspond with apparently unprecedented coral bleaching
in coastal East Africa. The decadal component of the Malindi coral
record reflects a regional climate signal spanning much of the
western equatorial Indian Ocean. In general, East African SST and
rainfall are better correlated with Pacific ENSO indicators than
with the Indian Monsoon at all periods (inter-annual through
multi-decadal) but the correlation weakens after 1975. One dramatic
new result we report here is a strong indication of a major cool
and dry period from 1750-1820 A.D. This is the single largest
multi-decadal anomaly of the past 300 years and
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