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Welcome to Anatomy and Physiology
Mr. Robertson
Biology Professor
Delta College
Introduction To Anatomy and Physiology
Don’t get scared and run away!
It Gets Easier!
What Is Anatomy and Physiology?
●Anatomy - The Actual Body Parts (or Parts is Parts)
●Physiology - How the Parts Function, Both Alone and as a Unit
● Integration of Those Two Concepts!
Feedback Loops in Physiology
●Negative Feedback ● More common system
● Includes body temperature, blood glucose, blood calcium, etc.
●Positive Feedback ● Very rare system
● Includes child birth and blood clotting
Body Regions
● Torso (life support organs)
●Extremities (5 fetal; 2 upper/2 lower and tail)
●General Regions (ex: cephalic, thoracic, etc.)
● Specific (ex: optic, pubic, otic, acromial, popliteal, etc.)
●Origins of the Terms (ex: mental, plantar, manual, patellar, brachial, etc.)
Planes Of Dissection
●Sagittal (Midsagittal versus Parasagittal)
●Frontal (or Coronal)
●Horizontal (or Transverse)
●Oblique (angled)
Body Cavities
●Cranial and Vertebral (with CSF and 3 meninges - tough dura mater, web-like arachnoid, and weak pia mater)
●Pleural (visceral/parietal layers)
●Pericardial (visceral/parietal layers)
●Peritoneal (visceral/parietal layers)
Abdominal Quadrants (entire torso)
●Left Upper Quadrant (left lung, heart, pancreas, liver lobe, etc.)
●Left Lower Quadrant (descending colon, spleen, kidney, etc.)
●Right Upper Quadrant (right lung, liver lobe, gall bladder, etc.)
●Right Lower Quadrant (ascending colon, kidney, appendix, etc.)
Abdominal Regions (below diaphragm)
●Hypochondriac (L/R) Region●Lumbar (L/R) Region●Iliac (L/R) Region●Epigastric Region●Umbilical Region●Hypogastric Region
●Medial versus Lateral●Superior versus Inferior
(or Cranial versus Caudal)
●Anterior versus Posterior (or Ventral versus Dorsal)
●Superficial versus Deep●Proximal versus Distal
(used on the limbs only)
Directional Nomenclature
Potential Journal Critique Topics?
Meningitis?Peritonitis?Pleurisy?Pericarditis?Appendectomy?Cholecystectomy?Caesarean Section?