IT Presentation ROHIT

8/8/2019 IT Presentation ROHIT

1/20

EXPERT SYSTEM

BY:

ROHIT KHARE

PRAMOD KUMAR

CS - 33


2/20

EXPERT SYSTEM

An expert system is a set of programsthat manipulate encoded knowledge to

solve problems in a specialized

domain that normally requires human

expertise .

Expert systems are part of a generalcategory of computer applications

known as artificial intelligence.


3/20

Acquire and get the knowledge

Represent and store the knowledge

Use and apply the knowledge

Deal with uncertainty and incomplete information

Deal with and adapt to new problems

Retain/Revise the knowledge

Explain the problem solving


4/20

Experts are not alwaysavailable. An expert

system can be usedanywhere, any time.

Human experts are not100% reliable or consistent

Experts may not be good atexplaining decisions

Cost effective


5/20

5

User Interface

Inference

Engine

Knowledge

Base

Deci i S rt S tems I telli ent S stems, fr im T r n nd J . r nson6t ed, Copyri t 2001, Prentice H ll, Upper S ddle Ri er, NJ


6/20

Major ComponentsMajor Components of an Expert Systemof an Expert System

y The knowledge base is the collection of factsand rules which describe all the knowledge about

the problem doma

in

y The inference engine is the part of the systemthat chooses which facts and rules to apply whentrying to solve the users query

y The userinterface is the part of the systemwhich takes in the users query in a readable formand passes it to the inference engine. It thendisplays the results to the user.


7/20

7

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

y The knowledge base is the collection of facts and

rules which describe all the knowledge about the

problem domain

y Two Basic Knowledge Base Elements

Facts

Special heuristics


8/20

8

Inference EngineInference Engine

y The brain of the ES

y The control structure

y

Provides methodology for reasoning


9/20

User InterfaceUser Interface

y Language processor for friendly,

problem-oriented communication

y NLP, or menus and graphics


10/20

inference

engine

world

model

knowledge

base

user

Expert System Architecture

knowledge

base editor

preceptors

explanation

subsystem

explanation

subsystem


11/20

Underlying PhilosophyUnderlying Philosophy

yknowledge representation

production rules

logic

semantic networks frames, scripts, objects

yreasoning mechanism

knowledge-oriented reasoning

model-based reasoning case-based reasoning


12/20

Expert Systems Classification

Interpretation

Prediction

Diagnostic

Design &Planning

Monitoring & Control

Repair

Instruction


13/20

13

The Human Element in

Expert Systems

y

y

y

y

Decision S pport Systems nd Intelli ent Systems, fr im T r n nd J y . ronson6t ed, Copyri t 2001, Prentice H ll, Upper S ddle Ri er, NJ


14/20

Advantages of an Expert System

Provides consistent answers for repetitive decisions,

processes and tasks .

Always asks a question, that a human might forget to ask .

Can work continuously .

Can be used by the user more frequently.

A multi-user expert system can serve more users at a time.


15/20

ProblemsProblems with Expert Systemswith Expert Systems

y Limited domain

y Systems are not always up

to date, and dont learn

y No common sense

y Experts needed to setup

and maintain system


16/20

Applications of Expert Systems

PROSPECTOR:

Used by geologists to identify

sites for drilling or mining

PUFF:

Medical system

for diagnosis of respiratory

conditions


17/20

Applications of Expert Systems

DESIGN ADVISOR:Gives advice to designers of

processor chips

MYCIN:Medical system for diagnosing blood

disorders. First used in 1979


18/20

Applications of Expert SystemsDENDRAL: Used to identify the

structure of chemical compounds.

First used in 1965

LITHIAN: Gives advice to

archaeologists examining

stone tools


19/20

OTHER APPLICATIONS OF EXPERT

SYST

EM

Expert ystem in Agriculture

Expert ystems in Education

Expert ystem for Engineering

Expert ystems in Environmental Management


20/20

Expert Systems on the Web

http://www.aiinc.ca/demos/whale.html

http://www.vanguardsw.com/

decisionscript/examples.htm

http://www.exsys.com/demomain.html

http://www.expertise go.com/webesie/car

http://www.expertise go.com/webesie/wine

Documents

IT Presentation ROHIT