Chromosomes: IT TAKES TWO TO MAKE THINGS GO RIGHT!

pairs

parent 46

gene

karyotypes

sex

X

Y

X

male

Page 6 of IAN

homologous

inherited

genes

two

sex

gene

alleles

letters

dominant recessive

pair

heterozygous

Aa

HH

r r

3

homozygous dominant

phenotype

recessive

phenotype

a a

H h

R R

R r

cells

types

DNA

energy molecules

homeostasis

nucleus

genome DNA

parents

chromosomes

DNA

mom dad

centromere

short long

DNA

proteins

gene

trait

single-locus

many environmental

trait

traits

phenotype

genotype

organism cells with

nucleus chromosome

pairs

(homologous

chromosomes)

gene protein trait

DNA amino acids